| A[edit] |
| |
| Afghanistan[1] |
| Pashto (statewide) (official) |
| Albania[2] |
| Albanian (based on Tosk dialect) |
| Algeria |
| Arabic (official and national)[3] |
| Tamazight (National) |
| Andorra (Languages of Andorra)[4] |
| Catalan |
| Spanish (minority language) |
| Portuguese (minority language) |
| Angola[5] |
| Portuguese |
| Antigua and Barbuda |
| English (de facto official)[6] |
| Argentina |
| Spanish (de facto) |
| Guaraní (co-official in Corrientes Province)[7] |
| Armenia |
| Armenian[8] (only official language according to the constitution) |
| Russian (de facto co-official, widely used in education)) |
| Australia |
| No official language, English is the de facto official language. |
| Austria |
| German (official statewide)[9] |
| Croatian (official in Burgenland in areas with a Croat minority)[10] (statewide minority language) |
| Slovene (official in Carinthia and Styria in areas with a Slovene minority)[10] (statewide minority language) |
| Czech (statewide minority language) |
| Hungarian (in Burgenland) (statewide minority language) |
| Slovak (statewide minority language) |
| Romani (statewide minority language) |
| Azerbaijan |
| Azerbaijani[11] |
| Armenian (Nagorno-Karabagh) |
| B[edit] |
| |
| Bahamas |
| English |
| Bahrain |
| Arabic |
| Bangladesh |
| Bengali |
| Barbados |
| English |
| Belarus |
| Belarusian |
| Russian |
| Belgium (Languages of Belgium)[12] |
| Dutch (Official only in Flanders, including Brussels) |
| French (Official only in Brussels and in Wallonia, though not in the German-speaking Community of Belgium) |
| German (Official only in the German-speaking Community of Belgium) |
| Belize |
| English (Official language) |
| Kriol (the lingua franca) |
| Spanish (Minority language spoken on the border with Mexico and Guatemala) |
| Benin |
| French |
| Bhutan |
| Dzongkha |
| Bolivia |
| Spanish |
| Aymara |
| Quechua |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Bosnian |
| Croatian |
| Serbian |
| Botswana |
| English |
| Tswana (national) |
| Brazil |
| Portuguese (national, all cities) |
| German (in Pomerode,[13] Santa Catarina) |
| Pomeranian (in Pancas[14][15] and Santa Maria de Jetibá,[16] in Espírito Santo) |
| Hunsrückisch (in Antônio Carlos, Santa Catarina)[17] |
| Talian (in Serafina Corrêa, Rio Grande do Sul, Portuguese-Italian pigeon)[18] |
| Nheengatu, Baniwa and Tucano (in São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas)[19][20] |
| Guarani (in Tacuru, Mato Grosso do Sul)[21] |
| Brunei |
| Malay |
| Bulgaria |
| Bulgarian |
| Burkina Faso |
| French |
| Fula (national) |
| Jula (national) |
| More (national) |
| Burundi |
| French |
| Kirundi |
| C[edit] |
| |
| Cambodia |
| Khmer |
| Cameroon |
| English |
| French |
| Canada |
| English (federal; de jure official language) |
| De jure official language in the provinces and territories of Manitoba, New Brunswick, the Northwest Territories, Nunavut and the Yukon. |
| French (federal; de jure official language) |
| De jure official language for the provinces and territories of Manitoba, New Brunswick, the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Quebec and the Yukon. |
| Chipewyan (regional; de jure official language in the Northwest Territories) |
| Cree (regional; de jure official language in the Northwest Territories) |
| Gwich’in (regional; de jure official language in the Northwest Territories) |
| Inuinnaqtun (regional; de jure official language in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut) |
| Inuktitut (regional; de jure official language in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut) |
| Inuvialuktun (regional; de jure official language in the Northwest Territories) |
| North Slavey (regional; de jure official language in the Northwest Territories) |
| South Slavey (regional; de jure official language in the Northwest Territories) |
| Tłı̨chǫ (regional; de jure official language in the Northwest Territories) |
| Cape Verde |
| Portuguese (official) |
| Cape Verdean Creole (national) |
| Central African Republic |
| French |
| Sango (national) |
| Chad |
| Arabic |
| French |
| Chile |
| No official language, Spanish is the de facto official language. (the languages and dialects of ethnic groups are also official in their territories[22]) |
| China |
| Standard Chinese (statewide) |
| Bai (in Dali, Lanping, Yunnan) |
| Blang (in Shuangjiang, Yunnan) |
| Bonan (in Jishishan, Gansu) |
| Cantonese (de facto in Guangdong Province; official in Hong Kong) |
| Daur (in Morin Dawa, Inner Mongolia; Meilisi Daur District, Heilongjiang) |
| Derung (in Gongshan, Yunnan) |
| Dong (in Sanjiang, Guangxi; Qiandongnan, Yuping, Guizhou; Jingzhou, Tongdao, Xinhuang, Zhijiang, Hunan) |
| Dongxiang (Santa) (in Dongxiang, Jishishan, Gansu) |
| Evenki (in Evenk Autonomous Banner, Evenk Ethnic Sumu, Inner Mongolia) |
| English (in Hong Kong) |
| Gelao (Klau) (in Daozhen, Wuchuan, Guizhou) |
| Hani (in Honghe, Jiangcheng, Mojiang, Ning'er, Yuanjiang, ZhenyuanYunnan) |
| Hlai (Li) (in Baisha, Baoting, Changjiang, Ledong, Lingshui, Qiongzhong, Hainan) |
| Hmong (Miao) (in Pengshui, Xiushan, Youyang, Chongqing; Chetian, Liangshui, Rongshui, Guangxi; Daozhen, Guanling, Qiandongnan, Qiannan, Qianxinan, Songtao, Weining, Wuchuan, Yinjiang, Zhenning, Ziyun, Guizhou; Baoting, Qiongzhong, Hainan; Enshi, Hubei; Chengbu, Jingzhou, Mayang, Xiangxi, Hunan; Jinping, Luquan, Pingbian, Wenshan, Yunnan) |
| Jingpho (Kachin) (in Dehong, Yunnan) |
| Jino (in Jinuoshan, Yunnan) |
| Kazakh (in Aksai, Gansu; Barkol, Ili, Mori, Xinjiang) |
| Kyrgyz (in Kizilsu, Xinjiang) |
| Korean (in Changbai, Yanbian, Jilin) |
| Lahu (in Lancang, Menglian, Shuangjiang, Zhenyuan, Yunnan) |
| Lisu (in Sudian, Weixi, Yunnan) |
| Maonan (Anan) (in Huanjiang, Guangxi) |
| Mongolian (in Subei, Gansu; Weichang, Hebei; Dorbod, Heilongjiang; Inner Mongolia; Qian Gorlos, Jilin; Fuxin, Harqin, Liaoning; Haixi, Henan, Qinghai; Bayingolin, Bortala, Hoboksar, Xinjiang) |
| Monguor (in Datong, Huzhu, Minhe, Qinghai) |
| Monpa (in Gongri, Jiba, Lebuqule, Mama, Pailong, Tibet) |
| Mulam (in Guzhai, Luocheng, Guangxi) |
| Nanai (Hezhen) (in Bacha, Jiejinkou, Sipai, Heilongjiang) |
| Naxi (Nakhi) (in Yulong, Yunnan) |
| Ngac'ang (Achang) (in Husa, Jiubao, Nangsong, Yunnan) |
| Nu (in Gongshan, Yunnan; not a specific language) |
| Nuosu (Yi) (in Weining, Guizhou; Ebian, Liangshan, Mabian, Sichuan; Chuxiong, Eshan, Honghe, Jiangcheng, Jingdong, Jinggu, Luquan, Nanjian, Ninger, Ninglang, Shilin, Weishan, Xinping, Yangbi, Yuanjiang, Zhenyuan, Yunnan) |
| Oroqen (in Greater Khingan, Oroqin Shibazhan, Inner Mongolia) |
| Palaung (De'ang) (in Santaishan, Yunnan) |
| Portuguese (in Macau) |
| Pumi (in Lanping, Yunnan) |
| Russian (in Shiwei, Inner Mongolia) |
| Qiangic (in Beichuan, Ngawa, Sichuan) |
| Salar (in Jishishan, Gansu; Xunhua, Qinghai) |
| Sarikoli (Tajik) (in Tashkurgan, Xinjiang) |
| She (in Jingning, Zhejiang) |
| Sui (in Sandu, Guizhou) |
| Tatar (in Daquan, Xinjiang) |
| Tibetan (in Gannan, Tianzhu, Gansu; Guoluo, Haibei, Hainan, Haixi, Huangnan, Yushu, Qinghai; Garzê, Muli, Ngawa, Sichuan; Tibet; Diqing, Yunnan) |
| Tujia (in Pengshui, Shizhu, Xiushan, Youyang, Chongqing; Yanhe, Yinjiang, Guizhou; Changyang, Enshi, Wufeng, Hubei; Xiangxi, Hunan) |
| Uzbek (in Da'nan'gou, Xinjiang) |
| Uyghur (in Xinjiang) |
| Va (in Cangyuan, Gengma, Menglian, Shuangjiang, Ximeng, Yunnan) |
| Vietnamese (in Jinping, Jiangxi) |
| Xibe (in Qapqal, Xinjiang) |
| Yugur (Western, Eastern) (in Sunan, Gansu) |
| Zhuang (in Lianshan, Guangdong; Guangxi; Wenshan, Yunnan) |
| Colombia |
| Spanish (the languages and dialects of ethnic groups are also official in their territories[23]) |
| Comoros |
| Arabic |
| Comorian |
| French |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| French |
| Lingala (national) |
| Kikongo (national) |
| Swahili (national) |
| Tshiluba (national) |
| Republic of the Congo |
| French |
| Lingala (national) |
| Munukutuba (national) |
| Costa Rica |
| Spanish |
| Ivory Coast |
| French |
| Croatia |
| Croatian (statewide) |
| Italian (at regional level in Istria county) |
| Serbian (in some municipalities) |
| Hungarian (in some municipalities) |
| Czech (in some municipalities) |
| Cuba |
| Spanish |
| Cyprus |
| Greek |
| Turkish |
| Armenian (minority language) |
| Czech Republic |
| Czech |
| Slovak[24] |
| Belorussian (minority language)[25] |
| Bulgarian (minority language)[25] |
| Croatian (minority language)[25] |
| German (minority language)[25] |
| Greek (minority language)[25] |
| Hungarian (minority language)[25] |
| Polish (minority language)[25] |
| Romani (minority language)[25] |
| Russian (minority language)[25] |
| Rusyn (minority language)[25] |
| Serbian (minority language)[25] |
| Ukrainian (minority language)[25] |
| Vietnamese (minority language)[25] |
| D[edit] |
| |
| Denmark |
| Danish (statewide) |
| Faroese (in the Faroe Islands) |
| German (protected minority language in Southern Jutland) |
| Kalaallisut (in Greenland) |
| Djibouti |
| Arabic |
| French |
| Dominica |
| English |
| Dominican Republic |
| Spanish |
| E[edit] |
| |
| East Timor |
| Portuguese |
| Tetum |
| Indonesian (constitutionally enlisted as working language, and still in widely used after 23 years annexation) |
| Ecuador |
| Spanish (Quechua or Kichwa and Shuar are official languages of intercultural relation, ancient languages are official in their territories.[26]) |
| Egypt |
| Arabic |
| Coptic (de jure language of the Coptic Church) |
| El Salvador |
| Spanish |
| Equatorial Guinea |
| Spanish |
| French |
| Portuguese |
| Eritrea |
| Arabic (working language) |
| Tigrinya (working language) |
| English (official) |
| Estonia |
| Estonian (nationwide official language) |
| Russian (de facto minority language) |
| Ethiopia |
| Amharic (working language) |
| F[edit] |
| |
| Fiji |
| English |
| Fijian |
| Hindustani |
| Finland |
| Finnish (national language, official in all municipalities except in Åland Islands and three mainland municipalities) |
| Swedish (national language, official in 33 mainland municipalities (mostly bilingual) and Åland Islands (monolingual)) |
| Sami (minority language in the municipalities of Enontekiö, Inari, Sodankylä, and Utsjoki) |
| France and overseas departments and territories (Languages of France and language policy in France)[27] |
| French (statewide) (only official language according to French constitution) |
| G[edit] |
| |
| Gabon |
| French |
| Gambia |
| English |
| Georgia |
| Georgian |
| Germany |
| German (nationwide; official)[28] |
| Danish (in Schleswig-Holstein) (minority language) |
| Lower Sorbian (in Brandenburg) (minority language) |
| North Frisian (in Schleswig-Holstein) (minority language) |
| Romani (nationwide)[29] (minority language) |
| Saterland Frisian (in Lower Saxony) (minority language) |
| Upper Sorbian (in Saxony) (minority language) |
| German Sign Language (§6 Behindertengleichstellungsgesetz) |
| Ghana |
| English (statewide; official) |
| Adangme (in Greater Accra) |
| Dagaare (in the Upper West Region) |
| Dagbani (in the Northern Region) |
| Ewe (in the Volta Region) |
| Ga (in Greater Accra) |
| Gonja (in the Northern Region) |
| Kasem (in the Upper East Region) |
| Nzema (in the Western Region) |
| Twi (in Akuapem, Akyem, Ashanti, Fanteakwa, Fante, and Kwahu) |
| Greece |
| Greek |
| Grenada |
| English |
| Guatemala |
| Spanish |
| Guinea |
| French |
| Fula (national) |
| Maninka (national) |
| Susu (national) |
| Guinea-Bissau |
| Portuguese |
| Guyana |
| English (official) |
| Guyanese Creole (national) |
| H[edit] |
| |
| Haiti |
| French |
| Haitian Creole |
| Honduras |
| Spanish (official) |
| Garifuna (in the Northern Caribbean Coast) |
| English (in the Bay Islands) |
| Miskito (in Eastern Honduras) |
| Hungary |
| Hungarian (official)[30] |
| Croatian (minority)[31] |
| German (minority)[31] |
| Romanian (minority)[31] |
| Serbian (minority)[31] |
| Slovak (minority)[31] |
| Slovenian (minority)[31] |
| I[edit] |
| |
| Iceland |
| Icelandic |
| Icelandic Sign Language |
| India (Languages with official status in India) |
| English (Central Government, nationwide; only official language of Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh) |
| Hindi (Central Government, ten states, and Delhi, Chandigarh and Andaman and Nicobar Islands) |
| Assamese (in Assam) |
| Bengali (in West Bengal, Tripura, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and in parts of Assam) |
| Bodo (in Assam) |
| Chhattisgarhi (in Chhattisgarh) |
| Dogri (in Jammu and Kashmir) |
| French (in Puducherry/Pondicherry) |
| Garo (in Meghalaya) |
| Gujarati (in Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, and Gujarat) |
| Kannada (in Karnataka) |
| Karbi (in Assam) |
| Kashmiri (in Jammu and Kashmir) |
| Khasi (in Meghalaya) |
| Kokborok (in Tripura) |
| Konkani (in Goa and Mangalore) |
| Maithili (mentioned on the 8th schedule but no region specified, spoken in Bihar) |
| Malayalam (in Kerala and Puducherry) |
| Meitei (in Manipur) |
| Marathi (in Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu) |
| Mizo (in Mizoram) |
| Nepali (in Sikkim) |
| Nicobarese (in Andaman and Nicobar Islands) |
| Oriya (in Odisha) |
| Portuguese (in Goa, Daman and Diu) |
| Punjabi in the Gurumukhi script (in Punjab, Himachal pradesh, Haryana and Chandigarh) |
| Sanskrit (in Uttarakhand) |
| Santali (in Jharkhand) |
| Sindhi (not regionally specified) |
| Tamil (in Tamil Nadu, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and Puducherry) |
| Telugu (in Andhra Pradesh and Puducherry) |
| Urdu (in Lucknow and Hyderabad) |
| Indonesia (Languages of Indonesia) |
| Indonesian (the only national and official language) |
| Acehnese (taught in Aceh province) |
| Balinese (taught in Bali province) |
| Banjar (taught in South Kalimantan province) |
| Batak (taught in North Sumatra province) |
| Betawi (taught in Jakarta province) |
| Buginese (taught in South Sulawesi province) |
| Javanese (taught in Central Java, Yogyakarta and East Java provinces) |
| Madurese (taught in Madura Island) |
| Malay (taught in Riau, Jambi, and West Kalimantan provinces) |
| Minangkabau (taught in West Sumatra province) |
| Sundanese (taught in West Java province) |
| Iran |
| Persian |
| Iraq |
| Arabic (statewide) |
| Kurdish (statewide[dubious – discuss]) |
| Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (in assyrian areas) |
| Iraqi Turkmen (in Turkmen areas) |
| Ireland (Languages of Ireland)[32] |
| English (national; spoken by 99% of the population) |
| Irish (national; spoken by 0.5% of the population) |
| Israel |
| Hebrew (de facto official) |
| Arabic (co-official) |
| Italy (Languages of Italy) |
| Italian (statewide; official) |
| French (co-official in Aosta Valley) |
| German (co-official in South Tyrol) |
| Ladin (co-official in South Tyrol) |
| Slovene (co-official in the Province of Trieste and the Province of Gorizia) |
| J[edit] |
| |
| Jamaica |
| English (official)[33] |
| Japan |
| Japanese (national) |
| Jordan |
| Arabic (official) |
| K[edit] |
| |
| Kazakhstan |
| Kazakh (national) |
| Russian |
| Kenya |
| English |
| Swahili (national) |
| Kiribati |
| English |
| Kiribati (national) |
| North Korea |
| Korean |
| South Korea |
| Korean |
| Kuwait |
| Arabic |
| Kyrgyzstan |
| Kirghiz (national) |
| Russian |
| L[edit] |
| |
| Laos |
| Lao |
| Latvia |
| Latvian[34][35] |
| Lebanon |
| Arabic |
| Armenian (regional in Bourj Hammoud) |
| Lesotho |
| English |
| Sotho (national) |
| Liberia |
| English |
| Libya |
| Arabic |
| Liechtenstein |
| German |
| Lithuania |
| Lithuanian |
| Luxembourg |
| French |
| German |
| Luxembourgish (national) |
| M[edit] |
| |
| Macedonia |
| Macedonian (statewide) |
| Madagascar |
| French (official) |
| Malagasy (official and national) |
| Malawi |
| Chichewa (national) |
| English (official) |
| Malaysia |
| Malay (national)[37] |
| English (official for some purposes)[37] |
| Maldives |
| Dhivehi |
| Mali |
| French |
| Tamazight (Azawad district) |
| Malta |
| Maltese (national) |
| English |
| Marshall Islands |
| English |
| Marshallese (national) |
| Mauritania |
| Arabic (official) |
| French |
| Fula (national) |
| Soninke (national) |
| Wolof (national) |
| Mauritius |
| English (official) |
| French (national) |
| Mexico |
| No official language nationwide, Spanish is the de facto but not the de jure official language. |
| Federated States of Micronesia |
| English (statewide except in Kosrae, where it has a constitutionally protected associate status) |
| Chuukese (in Chuuk) |
| Kosraean (in Kosrae) |
| Pohnpeian (in Pohnpei) |
| Ulithian (in Yap) |
| Yapese (in Yap) |
| Moldova |
| Romanian (statewide) |
| Gagauz (regional language) |
| Russian (regional language) |
| Ukrainian (regional language) |
| Monaco[38] |
| French |
| Mongolia |
| Mongolian |
| Montenegro |
| Montenegrin (national) |
| Albanian (in Ulcinj, along the eastern border with Albania) |
| Bosnian (regional in the north of the country) |
| Croatian (in Tivat, the Bay of Kotor area) |
| Serbian (in Herceg Novi) |
| Morocco |
| Tamazight |
| Arabic |
| Mozambique |
| Portuguese |
| Myanmar Myanmar (Burma) |
| Burmese |
| N[edit] |
| |
| Namibia[39] |
| English |
| Afrikaans (national language) |
| German[40] (regional language) |
| Oshiwambo (regional language) |
| Nauru |
| English |
| Nauruan |
| Nepal |
| Nepali |
| Netherlands |
| Dutch (de facto, statewide) |
| West Frisian (in Friesland) |
| Limburgish (regional language) |
| Low Saxon (regional language) |
| Papiamento (on Aruba, Curaçao and Bonaire) |
| English (on Sint Maarten, Sint Eustatius and Saba) |
| New Zealand |
| English is a de facto official language (statewide) |
| Maori (statewide) |
| NZSL (NZ Deaf community) |
| Tokelauan (in Tokelau) |
| Cook Islands Maori (in Cook Islands) |
| Niuean (in Niue) |
| Nicaragua |
| Spanish |
| Niger |
| French |
| Hausa (national) |
| Fulfulde (national) |
| Gulmancema (national) |
| Kanuri (national) |
| Zarma (national) |
| Tamazight (national) |
| Nigeria |
| English (official) |
| Hausa (national) |
| Yoruba (national) |
| Igbo (national) |
| Norway (Languages of Norway) |
| Norwegian (statewide) (Bokmål and Nynorsk are the official forms, and municipalities choose between them or a neutral stance) |
| Sami (indigenous language in vast areas from Engerdal to the Russian border, official administrative language in Kautokeino, Karasjok, Gáivuotna - Kåfjord, Nesseby, Porsanger, Tana, Tysfjord, and Snåsa) |
| Kven (national minority language, administrative language in Porsanger) |
| Romani (national minority language) |
| Scandoromani (national minority language) |
| O[edit] |
| |
| Oman |
| Arabic |
| P[edit] |
| |
| Pakistan |
| Urdu (national Language; official) |
| English (official Language) |
| Sindhi (provincial language of Sindh) |
| Other major languages like Punjabi, Balochi and Pashto have no official recognition |
| Palau |
| English (statewide) |
| Palauan (statewide) |
| Sonsorolese (in Sonsorol) |
| Tobian (in Hatohobei) |
| Japanese (in Angaur) |
| Panama |
| Spanish |
| Papua New Guinea |
| English |
| Hiri Motu |
| Tok Pisin |
| Paraguay |
| Spanish |
| Guaraní |
| Peru |
| Spanish (Official) |
| Aymara (co-official) |
| Quechua (co-official) |
| All native languages in areas where they are spoken by the majority of people |
| Philippines |
| Filipino (statewide) (national) |
| English (statewide) |
| Spanish (Recognised as "voluntary and optional" statewide) |
| Arabic (Recognised as "voluntary and optional" statewide) |
| Bikol Central (Recognized as "auxiliary official" in Luzon) |
| Cebuano ("auxiliary official" in Visayas and Mindanao) |
| Chavacano ("auxiliary official" in Basilan and Zamboanga Peninsula) |
| Hiligaynon ("auxiliary official" in Visayas and Mindanao) |
| Ilokano ("auxiliary official" in Luzon) |
| Kapampangan ("auxiliary official" in Luzon) |
| Kinaray-a ("auxiliary official" in the Visayas) |
| Maranao ("auxiliary official" in Mindanao) |
| Maguindanao ("auxiliary official" in Mindanao) |
| Pangasinan ("auxiliary official" in Luzon) |
| Tagalog ("auxiliary official" in Luzon) |
| Tausug ("auxiliary official" in Mindanao) |
| Waray-Waray ("auxiliary official" in the Visayas) |
| Poland |
| Polish (sole official language of state) |
| Kashubian (recognised regional language and auxiliary language in part of Pomeranian Voivodeship) |
| German (minority language and auxiliary language in part of Opole Voivodeship) |
| Lithuanian (minority language and auxiliary language in Puńsk commune, Podlaskie Voivodeship) |
| Belarusian (minority language and auxiliary language in Hajnówka commune, Podlaskie Voivodeship) |
| Portugal (Languages of Portugal) |
| Portuguese (official) |
| Mirandese (regional, in Miranda do Douro) |
| Q[edit] |
| |
| Qatar |
| Arabic |
| R[edit] |
| |
| Romania |
| Romanian (statewide) |
| Armenian (minority language) |
| German (minority language) |
| Hungarian (minority language) |
| Romani (minority language) |
| Serbian (minority language) |
| Slovakian (minority language) |
| Turkish (minority language) |
| Ukrainian (minority language) |
| Russia (Languages of Russia) |
| Russian (federal; official) |
| Abaza (in the Karachay–Cherkess Republic) |
| Adyghe (in the Republic of Adygea) |
| Agul (in the Republic of Dagestan) |
| Altay (in the Altai Republic) |
| Avar (in the Republic of Dagestan) |
| Azerbaijani (in the Republic of Dagestan) |
| Bashkir (in the Republic of Bashkortostan) |
| Buryat (in Buryat Republic) |
| Chechen (in the Chechen Republic and Republic of Dagestan) |
| Chuvash (in the Chuvash Republic) |
| Dargin (in the Republic of Dagestan) |
| Erzya (in the Republic of Mordovia) |
| Ingush (in the Republic of Ingushetia) |
| Kabardian (in the Kabardino-Balkar and Karachay–Cherkess Republics) |
| Kalmyk (in the Republic of Kalmykia) |
| Karachay-Balkar (in the Kabardino-Balkar and Karachay–Cherkess Republics) |
| Khakas (in the Republic of Khakassia) |
| Komi-Zyrian (in the Komi Republic) |
| Kumyk (in the Republic of Dagestan) |
| Lak (in the Republic of Dagestan) |
| Lezgian (in the Republic of Dagestan) |
| Mari (in the Mari El Republic) |
| Moksha (in the Republic of Mordovia) |
| Nogai (in the Karachay–Cherkess Republic and in the Republic of Dagestan) |
| Ossetic (in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania) |
| Rutul (in the Republic of Dagestan) |
| Sakha (in the Sakha Republic) |
| Tabasaran (in the Republic of Dagestan) |
| Tatar (in the Republic of Tatarstan) |
| Tati (in the Republic of Dagestan) |
| Tsakhur (in the Republic of Dagestan) |
| Tuvin (in the Tuva Republic) |
| Udmurt (in the Republic of Udmurtia) |
| Rwanda |
| English |
| French |
| Kinyarwanda |
| S[edit] |
| |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis |
| English |
| Saint Lucia |
| English |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |
| English |
| Samoa |
| English (official) |
| Samoan (national) |
| San Marino |
| Italian |
| São Tomé and Príncipe |
| Portuguese |
| Saudi Arabia |
| Arabic |
| Senegal |
| French |
| Jola-Fogny (national) |
| Mandinka (national) |
| Pulaar (national) |
| Serer (national) |
| Wolof (national) |
| Serbia |
| Serbian (statewide) |
| Albanian (in some municipalities in southern Serbia, Preševo, Bujanovac, Medveđa) |
| Bosniak (in municipalities of Sandžak) |
| Croatian (in Vojvodina) |
| Hungarian (in Vojvodina) |
| Romanian (in Vojvodina) |
| Rusyn (in Vojvodina) |
| Slovak (in Vojvodina) |
| Seychelles |
| English |
| French |
| Seychellois Creole |
| Sierra Leone |
| English |
| Singapore |
| English |
| Chinese |
| Malay |
| Tamil |
| Slovakia |
| Slovak |
| Hungarian (minority language) |
| Slovenia |
| Slovene (statewide) |
| Hungarian (minority language in Dobrovnik, Hodoš, and Lendava) |
| Italian (minority language in Izola, Koper, and Piran) |
| Croatian (minority language in Metlika, Brežice) |
| Solomon Islands |
| English |
| Somalia |
| Somali (national). |
| Arabic |
| South Africa |
| Afrikaans |
| English |
| Southern Ndebele |
| Northern Sotho |
| Sotho |
| Swazi |
| Tsonga |
| Tswana |
| Venda |
| Xhosa |
| Zulu |
| (all 11 official, statewide) |
| South Sudan |
| English |
| Spain |
| Spanish (statewide) |
| Catalan (in the Balearic Islands, Catalonia, and Valencia) |
| Galician (in Galicia) |
| Basque (in Basque Country and Navarre) |
| Asturian (recognized minority language in Asturias) |
| Occitan (in Catalonia) |
| Sri Lanka |
| Sinhala |
| Tamil |
| Sudan |
| Arabic |
| English |
| Suriname |
| Dutch |
| Swaziland |
| English |
| Swazi |
| Sweden |
| Swedish |
| Finnish (in Gällivare, Haparanda, Kiruna, Pajala, Övertorneå, and the surrounding areas) (minority language) |
| Meänkieli (in Gällivare, Haparanda, Kiruna, Pajala, Övertorneå, and the surrounding areas) (minority language) |
| Romani (historical minority language) |
| Sami (in Arjeplog, Gällivare, Jokkmokk, Kiruna, and the surrounding areas) (minority language) |
| Yiddish (historical minority language) |
| Swedish Sign Language (minority language) |
| Switzerland |
| German (in Aargau, Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Basel-Landschaft, Basel-Stadt, Bern, Fribourg, Glarus, Graubünden, Lucerne, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Saint Gallen, Schaffhausen, Schwyz, Solothurn, Thurgau, Uri, Valais, Zug, and Zürich) |
| French (in Bern, Fribourg, Geneva, Jura, Neuchâtel, Valais, and Vaud) |
| Italian (in Ticino and Graubünden) |
| Romansh (in Graubünden) |
| Syria |
| Arabic |
| T[edit] |
| |
| Tajikistan |
| Tajik (national) |
| Russian (for interethnic communication) |
| Tanzania |
| Swahili (national) |
| English |
| Thailand |
| Thai |
| Togo |
| French |
| Tonga |
| English |
| Tongan (national) |
| Trinidad and Tobago |
| English |
| Tunisia |
| Arabic (national) |
| Turkey |
| Turkish |
| Turkmenistan |
| Turkmen (national) |
| Russian (for interethnic communication) |
| Tuvalu |
| English |
| Tuvaluan (national) |
| U[edit] |
| |
| Uganda |
| English |
| Swahili |
| Ukraine |
| Ukrainian |
| United Arab Emirates |
| Arabic |
| United Kingdom and overseas territories |
| English,[41] with the following specifications: |
| English (in Anguilla, Bermuda, the British Indian Ocean Territory, the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Guernsey, Isle of Man, Jersey, Montserrat, Northern Ireland (de facto), the Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena and Turks and Caicos Islands) |
| Cornish[42] (minority language in Cornwall) |
| Guernésiais (in Guernsey) |
| French (in Guernsey and Jersey) |
| Irish (in Northern Ireland) |
| Jèrriais (in Jersey) |
| Manx (in the Isle of Man) |
| Pitcairnese (in the Pitcairn Islands) |
| Scots (in Scotland) |
| Ulster-Scots (in Northern Ireland) |
| Scottish Gaelic (in Scotland) |
| Welsh (in Wales) |
| United States |
| No official language nationwide, English is the de facto but not the de jure official language (at the federal level). Spanish is the second-most commonly used language in the U.S. and many forms and documents are published in both languages. |
| See also: Languages of the United States and English-only movement |
| [show]Place English official Other language(s) Note Ref |
| Uruguay |
| Spanish |
| Uzbekistan |
| Uzbek (national) |
| Russian (for interethnic communication) |
| V[edit] |
| |
| Vanuatu |
| Bislama (national) |
| English |
| French |
| Vatican City |
| Italian (de facto—see Languages of Vatican City). |
| Venezuela |
| Spanish |
| Vietnam |
| Vietnamese |
| Y[edit] |
| |
| Yemen |
| Arabic |
| Z[edit] |
| |
| Zambia |
| English |
| Zimbabwe |
| Chewa |
| Chibarwe |
| English |
| Kalanga |
| Koisan |
| Nambya |
| Ndau |
| Ndebele |
| Shangani |
| Shona |
| sign language |
| Sotho |
| Tonga |
| Tswana |
| Venda |
| Xhosa |
| (English, Shona and Ndebele are the most widely spoken languages) |
| Partially recognised states[edit] |
| |
| Abkhazia |
| Abkhazian |
| Russian |
| Kosovo |
| Albanian |
| Serbian |
| Turkish (regional) |
| Nagorno-Karabakh |
| Armenian |
| Northern Cyprus |
| Turkish |
| Palestine |
| Arabic |
| Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic |
| Tamazight |
| Arabic |
| Spanish |
| Somaliland |
| Somalian |
| Arabic |
| English |
| South Ossetia |
| Ossetian |
| Russian |
| Georgian (regional) |
| Taiwan |
| Chinese |
| Taiwanese (recognized regional language)[50] |
| Transnistria |
| Moldavian |
| Russian |
| Ukrainian |
