DO NOT MERGE Update Android CLDR data from 2021e to 2022d. [R]
Small change from upstream was not applied: in https://github.com/unicode-org/cldr/pull/2300/files#diff-43b0b62ce55133987473b4966f6de558a999ea386cea95c983135017347817ad
abstract class's generic type was removed. That won't compile in the
current state of AOSP.
aosp/master has https://github.com/unicode-org/cldr/commit/4ff4ec8806073a4a2f0f322ec0721eeda64f65e5
applied. As it changes things outside of time zones, description
for uaiev in common/bcp47/timezone.xml was left untouched.
2021e change below was created 2 weeks after 2021a3 update landed
(aosp/1871476). During 2022a I've missed it completely.
CLDR-15137 SBRS41 Update timzone db files with 2021e
CLDR-15620 BRS42 Update TZ data to 2022a
CLDR-15945 Updating tzdata to 2022b
CLDR-16051 tzdata 2022d updates
(cherry picked from commit 2eb26e711e6c340324dabaa49dcad01656e24e48)
(cherry picked from commit c2bbda19961b30f54d5d46c0c8180815cef31d91)
(cherry picked from commit 36418bee810e603240e693a749518bb97c997d2d)
(cherry picked from commit 85a48dbb2a437354f247e35157925e50a716403e)
Bug: 251372153
Test: see system/timezone CL
Change-Id: I064190c19093edbe519de92089f8eeac244e4930
Merged-In: I064190c19093edbe519de92089f8eeac244e4930
diff --git a/common/bcp47/timezone.xml b/common/bcp47/timezone.xml
index 1a1219f..e8b96b8 100644
--- a/common/bcp47/timezone.xml
+++ b/common/bcp47/timezone.xml
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@
<type name="tvfun" description="Funafuti, Tuvalu" alias="Pacific/Funafuti"/>
<type name="twtpe" description="Taipei, Taiwan" alias="Asia/Taipei ROC"/>
<type name="tzdar" description="Dar es Salaam, Tanzania" alias="Africa/Dar_es_Salaam"/>
- <type name="uaiev" description="Kiev, Ukraine" alias="Europe/Kiev"/>
+ <type name="uaiev" description="Kiev, Ukraine" alias="Europe/Kiev Europe/Kyiv"/>
<type name="uaozh" description="Zaporizhia (Zaporozhye), Ukraine" alias="Europe/Zaporozhye"/>
<type name="uasip" description="Simferopol, Ukraine" alias="Europe/Simferopol"/>
<type name="uauzh" description="Uzhhorod (Uzhgorod), Ukraine" alias="Europe/Uzhgorod"/>
diff --git a/common/supplemental/metaZones.xml b/common/supplemental/metaZones.xml
index 805b6c6..b78fad7 100644
--- a/common/supplemental/metaZones.xml
+++ b/common/supplemental/metaZones.xml
@@ -1369,9 +1369,8 @@
<usesMetazone to="2016-03-26 23:00" from="1992-01-19 00:00" mzone="Moscow"/>
</timezone>
<timezone type="Europe/Uzhgorod">
- <usesMetazone to="1990-06-30 23:00" mzone="Moscow"/>
- <usesMetazone to="1991-03-31 02:00" from="1990-06-30 23:00" mzone="Europe_Central"/>
- <usesMetazone from="1991-03-31 02:00" mzone="Europe_Eastern"/>
+ <usesMetazone to="1990-06-30 22:00" mzone="Moscow"/>
+ <usesMetazone from="1990-06-30 22:00" mzone="Europe_Eastern"/>
</timezone>
<timezone type="Europe/Vaduz">
<usesMetazone mzone="Europe_Central"/>
@@ -1398,8 +1397,8 @@
<usesMetazone mzone="Europe_Central"/>
</timezone>
<timezone type="Europe/Zaporozhye">
- <usesMetazone to="1991-03-30 23:00" mzone="Moscow"/>
- <usesMetazone from="1991-03-30 23:00" mzone="Europe_Eastern"/>
+ <usesMetazone to="1990-06-30 22:00" mzone="Moscow"/>
+ <usesMetazone from="1990-06-30 22:00" mzone="Europe_Eastern"/>
</timezone>
<timezone type="Europe/Zurich">
<usesMetazone mzone="Europe_Central"/>
diff --git a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/ZoneParser.java b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/ZoneParser.java
index 9f5a84c..56aceaa 100644
--- a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/ZoneParser.java
+++ b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/ZoneParser.java
@@ -648,6 +648,7 @@
{ "Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh", "Asia/Saigon" },
{ "Asia/Yangon", "Asia/Rangoon" },
{ "Asia/Kathmandu", "Asia/Katmandu" },
+ { "Europe/Kyiv", "Europe/Kiev" },
{ "Pacific/Pohnpei", "Pacific/Ponape" },
{ "Pacific/Chuuk", "Pacific/Truk" },
{ "Pacific/Honolulu", "Pacific/Johnston" }
@@ -655,6 +656,14 @@
FIX_UNSTABLE_TZIDS = CldrUtility.asMap(FIX_UNSTABLE_TZID_DATA);
}
+ // CLDR canonical zone IDs removed from zone.tab are defined here.
+ // When these zones are deprecated in CLDR, remove them from this array.
+ // See CLDR-16049
+ static final String[][] SUPPLEMENTAL_ZONE_ID_DATA = {
+ {"Europe/Uzhgorod", "UA", "+4837+02218"},
+ {"Europe/Zaporozhye", "UA", "+4750+03510"}
+ };
+
/**
*
*/
@@ -734,6 +743,18 @@
zoneData.put("Etc/Unknown", pieces);
zoneData.put("Etc/UTC", pieces);
+ // add extra zones
+ for (String[] zoneEntry : SUPPLEMENTAL_ZONE_ID_DATA) {
+ List<String> zarray = new ArrayList<>();
+ if (!m.reset(zoneEntry[2]).matches()) {
+ throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bad zone.tab, lat/long format: " + zoneEntry[2]);
+ }
+ zarray.add(getDegrees(m, true).toString());
+ zarray.add(getDegrees(m, false).toString());
+ zarray.add(zoneEntry[1]);
+ zoneData.put(zoneEntry[0], zarray);
+ }
+
zoneData = CldrUtility.protectCollection(zoneData); // protect for later
// now get links
@@ -990,4 +1011,4 @@
return version;
}
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/africa b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/africa
index 6fbfb05..d2a6a70 100644
--- a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/africa
+++ b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/africa
@@ -30,9 +30,6 @@
# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
#
-# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
-# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
-#
# European-style abbreviations are commonly used along the Mediterranean.
# For sub-Saharan Africa abbreviations were less standardized.
# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
@@ -153,14 +150,16 @@
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912
0:00 - GMT
+Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Accra # Ghana
Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Bamako # Mali
-Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Banjul # Gambia
+Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Banjul # The Gambia
Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Conakry # Guinea
Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Dakar # Senegal
Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Freetown # Sierra Leone
Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Lome # Togo
Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Nouakchott # Mauritania
Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Ouagadougou # Burkina Faso
+Link Africa/Abidjan Atlantic/Reykjavik # Iceland
Link Africa/Abidjan Atlantic/St_Helena # St Helena
# Djibouti
@@ -171,7 +170,7 @@
# Egypt
# Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh
-# observatory; round to nearest. Milne also says that the official time for
+# observatory. Milne also says that the official time for
# Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this
# did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said.
@@ -356,6 +355,7 @@
Rule Egypt 2014 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+ #STDOFF 2:05:08.9
Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:09 - LMT 1900 Oct
2:00 Egypt EE%sT
@@ -381,93 +381,8 @@
# Gabon
# See Africa/Lagos.
-# Gambia
-# See Africa/Abidjan.
-
+# The Gambia
# Ghana
-
-# From P Chan (2020-11-20):
-# Interpretation Amendment Ordinance, 1915 (No.24 of 1915) [1915-11-02]
-# Ordinances of the Gold Coast, Ashanti, Northern Territories 1915, p 69-71
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=ErA-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA70
-# This Ordinance added "'Time' shall mean Greenwich Mean Time" to the
-# Interpretation Ordinance, 1876.
-#
-# Determination of the Time Ordinance, 1919 (No. 18 of 1919) [1919-11-24]
-# Ordinances of the Gold Coast, Ashanti, Northern Territories 1919, p 75-76
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=MbA-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA75
-# This Ordinance removed the previous definition of time and introduced DST.
-#
-# Time Determination Ordinance (Cap. 214)
-# The Laws of the Gold Coast (including Togoland Under British Mandate)
-# Vol. II (1937), p 2328
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=Z7M-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA2328
-# Revised edition of the 1919 Ordinance.
-#
-# Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1940 (No. 9 of 1940) [1940-04-06]
-# Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
-# Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1940, p 22
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=1ao-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA22
-# This Ordinance changed the forward transition from September to May.
-#
-# Defence (Time Determination Ordinance Amendment) Regulations, 1942
-# (Regulations No. 6 of 1942) [1942-01-31, commenced on 1942-02-08]
-# Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
-# Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1942, p 48
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=Das-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA48
-# These regulations advanced the [standard] time by thirty minutes.
-#
-# Defence (Time Determination Ordinance Amendment (No.2)) Regulations,
-# 1942 (Regulations No. 28 of 1942) [1942-04-25]
-# Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
-# Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1942, p 87
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=Das-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA87
-# These regulations abolished DST and changed the time to GMT+0:30.
-#
-# Defence (Revocation) (No.4) Regulations, 1945 (Regulations No. 45 of
-# 1945) [1945-10-24, commenced on 1946-01-06]
-# Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
-# Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1945, p 256
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=9as-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA256
-# These regulations revoked the previous two sets of Regulations.
-#
-# Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1945 (No. 18 of 1945) [1946-01-06]
-# Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
-# Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1945, p 69
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=9as-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA69
-# This Ordinance abolished DST.
-#
-# Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1950 (No. 26 of 1950) [1950-07-22]
-# Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
-# Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1950, p 35
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=e60-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA35
-# This Ordinance restored DST but with thirty minutes offset.
-#
-# Time Determination Ordinance (Cap. 264)
-# The Laws of the Gold Coast, Vol. V (1954), p 380
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=Mqc-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA380
-# Revised edition of the Time Determination Ordinance.
-#
-# Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1956 (No. 21 of 1956) [1956-08-29]
-# Annual Volume of the Ordinances of the Gold Coast Enacted During the
-# Year 1956, p 83
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=VLE-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA83
-# This Ordinance abolished DST.
-
-# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Ghana 1919 only - Nov 24 0:00 0:20 +0020
-Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Jan 1 2:00 0 GMT
-Rule Ghana 1920 1939 - Sep 1 2:00 0:20 +0020
-Rule Ghana 1940 1941 - May 1 2:00 0:20 +0020
-Rule Ghana 1950 1955 - Sep 1 2:00 0:30 +0030
-Rule Ghana 1951 1956 - Jan 1 2:00 0 GMT
-
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1915 Nov 2
- 0:00 Ghana %s 1942 Feb 8
- 0:30 - +0030 1946 Jan 6
- 0:00 Ghana %s
-
# Guinea
# See Africa/Abidjan.
@@ -494,7 +409,7 @@
# At midnight on 30 June 1928 the clocks throughout Kenya was put forward
# half an hour by the Alteration of Time Ordinance, 1928.
# https://gazettes.africa/archive/ke/1928/ke-government-gazette-dated-1928-05-11-no-28.pdf
-# [Ordinance No. 11 of 1928, The Offical Gazette, 1928-06-26, p 813]
+# [Ordinance No. 11 of 1928, The Official Gazette, 1928-06-26, p 813]
# https://books.google.com/books?id=2S0S6os32ZUC&pg=PA813
#
# The 1928 ordinance was repealed by the Alteration of Time (repeal) Ordinance,
@@ -732,7 +647,7 @@
# See Africa/Nairobi.
# Morocco
-# See the 'europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
+# See Africa/Ceuta for Spanish Morocco.
# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between
@@ -1005,6 +920,10 @@
# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a))
# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b)))))
# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year))))
+#
+# From Milamber (2021-03-31, 2022-03-10), confirming these predictions:
+# https://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=2076
+# https://www.ecoactu.ma/horaires-administration-ramadan-gmtheure-gmt-a-partir-de-dimanche-27-mars/
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 -
@@ -1382,34 +1301,20 @@
0:13:35 - LMT 1914 Jan 1
0:30 - +0030 1919 Sep 1
1:00 - WAT
-Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Bangui # Central African Republic
-Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Brazzaville # Rep. of the Congo
-Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Douala # Cameroon
-Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Kinshasa # Dem. Rep. of the Congo (west)
-Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Libreville # Gabon
-Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Luanda # Angola
-Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Malabo # Equatorial Guinea
-Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Niamey # Niger
-Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Porto-Novo # Benin
+Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Bangui # Central African Republic
+Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Brazzaville # Rep. of the Congo
+Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Douala # Cameroon
+Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Kinshasa # Dem. Rep. of the Congo (west)
+Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Libreville # Gabon
+Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Luanda # Angola
+Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Malabo # Equatorial Guinea
+Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Niamey # Niger
+Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Porto-Novo # Benin
# Réunion
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
- 4:00 - +04
+# See Asia/Dubai.
#
-# Crozet Islands also observes Réunion time; see the 'antarctica' file.
-#
-# Scattered Islands (Îles Éparses) administered from Réunion are as follows.
-# The following information about them is taken from
-# Îles Éparses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22,
-# in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
-# We have no info about their time zone histories.
-#
-# Bassas da India - uninhabited
-# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
-# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
-# Juan de Nova - uninhabited
-# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
+# The Crozet Islands also observe Réunion time; see the 'antarctica' file.
# Rwanda
# See Africa/Maputo.
@@ -1441,9 +1346,10 @@
# From Michael Deckers (2018-12-30):
# https://www.legis-palop.org/download.jsp?idFile=102818
# ... [The legal time of the country, which coincides with universal
-# coordinated time, will be restituted at 2 o'clock on day 1 of January, 2019.]
+# coordinated time, will be reinstituted at 2 o'clock on day 1 of January, 2019.]
Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884
+ #STDOFF -0:36:44.68
-0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 00:00u # Lisbon MT
0:00 - GMT 2018 Jan 1 01:00
1:00 - WAT 2019 Jan 1 02:00
@@ -1453,28 +1359,7 @@
# See Africa/Abidjan.
# Seychelles
-
-# From P Chan (2020-11-27):
-# Standard Time was adopted on 1907-01-01.
-#
-# Standard Time Ordinance (Chapter 237)
-# The Laws of Seychelles in Force on the 31st December, 1971, Vol. 6, p 571
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=efE-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA571
-#
-# From Tim Parenti (2020-12-05):
-# A footnote on https://books.google.com/books?id=DYdDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1689
-# confirms that Ordinance No. 9 of 1906 "was brought into force on the 1st
-# January, 1907."
-
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1907 Jan 1 # Victoria
- 4:00 - +04
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
-# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
-# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
-# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know
-# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
-# Possibly the islands were uninhabited.
+# See Asia/Dubai.
# Sierra Leone
# See Africa/Abidjan.
@@ -1490,8 +1375,8 @@
Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar
2:00 SA SAST
-Link Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Maseru # Lesotho
-Link Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Mbabane # Eswatini
+Link Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Maseru # Lesotho
+Link Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Mbabane # Eswatini
#
# Marion and Prince Edward Is
# scientific station since 1947
@@ -1527,12 +1412,13 @@
3:00 - EAT 2017 Nov 1
2:00 - CAT
+# South Sudan
+
# From Steffen Thorsen (2021-01-18):
# "South Sudan will change its time zone by setting the clock back 1
# hour on February 1, 2021...."
# from https://eyeradio.org/south-sudan-adopts-new-time-zone-makuei/
-# South Sudan
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Juba 2:06:28 - LMT 1931
2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00
@@ -1637,7 +1523,7 @@
Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
-# See Europe/Paris for PMT-related transitions.
+# See Europe/Paris commentary for PMT-related transitions.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12
0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
diff --git a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/antarctica b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/antarctica
index ed750a8..dbdf209 100644
--- a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/antarctica
+++ b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/antarctica
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@
#
# Alfred Faure, Possession Island, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964;
# sealing & whaling stations operated variously 1802/1911+;
-# see Indian/Reunion.
+# see Asia/Dubai.
#
# Martin-de-Viviès, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950
# Port-aux-Français, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951;
@@ -157,22 +157,10 @@
# St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited
# fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931
#
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - -00 1950 # Port-aux-Français
- 5:00 - +05
+# Kerguelen - see Indian/Maldives.
#
# year-round base in the main continent
-# Dumont d'Urville, Île des Pétrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11
-# <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station> (2005-12-05)
-#
-# Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
-# It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
-#
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - -00 1947
- 10:00 - +10 1952 Jan 14
- 0 - -00 1956 Nov
- 10:00 - +10
+# Dumont d'Urville - see Pacific/Port_Moresby.
# France & Italy - year-round base
# Concordia, -750600+1232000, since 2005
@@ -188,20 +176,7 @@
# Zuchelli, Terra Nova Bay, -744140+1640647, since 1986
# Japan - year-round bases
-# Syowa (also known as Showa), -690022+0393524, since 1957
-#
-# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06):
-# In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time.
-#
-# Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan,
-# was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main
-# station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location.
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - -00 1957 Jan 29
- 3:00 - +03
-# See:
-# NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17)
-# http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html
+# See Asia/Riyadh.
# S Korea - year-round base
# Jang Bogo, Terra Nova Bay, -743700+1641205 since 2014
@@ -265,31 +240,7 @@
# year-round from 1960/61 to 1992
# Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11
-# From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15):
-# http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP
-# Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same
-# time as Moscow, Russia.
-#
-# From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08):
-# I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is
-# what they had to say about time there:
-# "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo)
-# time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was
-# 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead
-# of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The
-# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT."
-#
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
-# This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it
-# in person. He said that some Antarctic locations set their local
-# time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this
-# changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean
-# solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks
-# happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time
-# it is at Vostok. But we'll guess +06.
-#
-Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - -00 1957 Dec 16
- 6:00 - +06
+# See Asia/Urumqi.
# S Africa - year-round bases
# Marion Island, -4653+03752
diff --git a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/asia b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/asia
index c426e65..d541d65 100644
--- a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/asia
+++ b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/asia
@@ -34,9 +34,6 @@
# Byalokoz EL. New Counting of Time in Russia since July 1, 1919.
# (See the 'europe' file for a fuller citation.)
#
-# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
-# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
-#
# The following alphabetic abbreviations appear in these tables
# (corrections are welcome):
# std dst
@@ -258,10 +255,7 @@
6:00 - +06
# Brunei
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan
- 7:30 - +0730 1933
- 8:00 - +08
+# See Asia/Kuching.
# Burma / Myanmar
@@ -279,6 +273,7 @@
6:30 - +0630 1942 May
9:00 - +09 1945 May 3
6:30 - +0630
+Link Asia/Yangon Indian/Cocos
# Cambodia
# See Asia/Bangkok.
@@ -347,12 +342,9 @@
# in the city at the time for people who use different time standard to adjust
# their clock to their preferred time.
#
-# a. For the 1940 May 31 spring forward, the essay claim that it was
-# coordinared between the international settlement authority and the French
-# concession authority and have gathered support from Hong Kong and Xiamen,
-# that it would spring forward an hour from May 31 "midnight", and the essay
-# claim "Hong Kong government implemented the spring forward in the same time
-# on the same date as Shanghai".
+# a. For the 1940 May 31 spring forward, the essay [says] ... "Hong
+# Kong government implemented the spring forward in the same time on
+# the same date as Shanghai".
#
# b. For the 1940 fall back, it was said that they initially intended to do
# so on September 30 00:59 at night, however they postponed it to October 12
@@ -548,7 +540,7 @@
# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") UT +08
# Now part of Asia/Shanghai.
# most of China
-# Milne gives 8:05:43.2 for Xujiahui Observatory time; round to nearest.
+# Milne gives 8:05:43.2 for Xujiahui Observatory time....
# Guo says Shanghai switched to UT +08 "from the end of the 19th century".
#
# Long-shu Time (probably as Long and Shu were two names of the area) UT +07
@@ -667,6 +659,7 @@
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# Beijing time, used throughout China; represented by Shanghai.
+ #STDOFF 8:05:43.2
Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:43 - LMT 1901
8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 May 28
8:00 PRC C%sT
@@ -674,11 +667,12 @@
# / Wulumuqi. (Please use Asia/Shanghai if you prefer Beijing time.)
Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928
6:00 - +06
+Link Asia/Urumqi Antarctica/Vostok
# Hong Kong
-# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this.
+# Milne gives 7:36:41.7.
# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24):
# I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong
@@ -862,7 +856,8 @@
Rule HK 1979 only - May 13 3:30 1:00 S
Rule HK 1979 only - Oct 21 3:30 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 0:36:42
+ #STDOFF 7:36:41.7
+Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 29 17:00u
8:00 - HKT 1941 Jun 15 3:00
8:00 1:00 HKST 1941 Oct 1 4:00
8:00 0:30 HKWT 1941 Dec 25
@@ -1337,7 +1332,7 @@
#
# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
# The 1876 Report of the Secretary of the [US] Navy, p 306 says that Batavia
-# civil time was 7:07:12.5; round to even for Jakarta.
+# civil time was 7:07:12.5.
#
# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger:
# http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime
@@ -1373,10 +1368,11 @@
#
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# Java, Sumatra
+ #STDOFF 7:07:12.5
Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10
# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
# but this must be a typo.
- 7:07:12 - BMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Batavia
+ 7:07:12 - BMT 1923 Dec 31 16:40u # Batavia
7:20 - +0720 1932 Nov
7:30 - +0730 1942 Mar 23
9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23
@@ -1408,6 +1404,111 @@
# Iran
+# From Roozbeh Pournader (2022-05-30):
+# Here's an order from the Cabinet to the rest of the government to switch to
+# Tehran time, which is mentioned to be already at +03:30:
+# https://qavanin.ir/Law/TreeText/180138
+# Just in case that goes away, I also saved a copy at archive.org:
+# https://web.archive.org/web/20220530111940/https://qavanin.ir/Law/TreeText/180138
+# Here's my translation:
+#
+# "Circular on Matching the Hours of Governmental and Official Circles
+# in Provinces
+# Approved 1314/03/22 [=1935-06-13]
+# According to the ruling of the Honorable Cabinet, it is ordered that from
+# now on in all internal provinces of the country, governmental and official
+# circles set their time to match Tehran time (three hours and half before
+# Greenwich)....
+#
+# I still haven't found out when Tehran itself switched to +03:30....
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-06-05):
+# Although the above says Tehran was at +03:30 before 1935-06-13, we don't
+# know when it switched to +03:30. For now, use 1935-06-13 as the switch date.
+# Although most likely wrong, we have no better info.
+
+# From Roozbeh Pournader (2022-06-01):
+# This is from Kayhan newspaper, one of the major Iranian newspapers, from
+# March 20, 1978, page 2:
+#
+# "Pull the clocks 60 minutes forward
+# As we informed before, from the fourth day of the month Farvardin of the
+# new year [=1978-03-24], clocks will be pulled forward, and people's daily
+# work and life program will start one hour earlier than the current program.
+# On the 1st day of the month Farvardin of this year [=1977-03-21], they had
+# pulled the clocks forward by one hour, but in the month of Mehr
+# [=1977-09-23], the clocks were pulled back by 30 minutes.
+# In this way, from the 4th day of the month Farvardin, clocks will be ahead
+# of the previous years by one hour and a half.
+# According to the new program, during the night of 4th of Farvardin, when
+# the midnight, meaning 24 o'clock is announced, the hands of the clock must
+# be pulled forward by one hour and thus consider midnight 1 o'clock in the
+# forenoon."
+#
+# This implies that in September 1977, when the daylight savings time was
+# done with, Iran didn't go back to +03:30, but immediately to +04:00.
+#
+#
+# This is from the major Iranian newspaper Ettela'at, dated [1978-08-03]...,
+# page 32. It looks like they decided to get the clocks back to +4:00
+# just in time for Ramadan that year:
+#
+# "Tomorrow Night, Pull the Clocks Back by One Hour
+# At 1 o'clock in the forenoon of Saturday 14 Mordad [=1978-08-05], the
+# clocks will be pulled one hour back and instead of 1 o'clock in the
+# forenoon, Radio Iran will announce 24 o'clock.
+# This decision was made in the Cabinet of Ministers meeting of 25 Tir
+# [=1978-07-16], [...]
+# At the beginning of the year 2537 [=March 1978: Iran was using a different
+# year number for a few years then, based on the Coronation of Cyrus the
+# Great], the country's official time was pulled forward by one hour and now
+# the official time is one hour and a half ahead compared to last year,
+# because in Farvardin of last year [=March 1977], the official time was
+# pulled forward one hour and this continued until the second half of last
+# year [=September 1977] until in the second half of last year the official
+# time was pulled back half an hour and that half hour still remains."
+#
+# This matches the time of the true noon published in the newspapers, as they
+# clearly go from +05:00 to +04:00 after that date (which happened during a
+# long weekend in Iran).
+
+# From Roozbeh Pournader (2022-05-31):
+# [Movahedi S. Cultural preconceptions of time: Can we use operational time
+# to meddle in God's Time? Comp Stud Soc Hist. 1985;27(3):385-400]
+# https://www.jstor.org/stable/178704
+# Here's the quotes from the paper:
+# 1. '"Iran's official time keeper moved the clock one hour forward as from
+# March 22, 1977 (Farvardin 2, 2536) to make maximum use of daylight and save
+# in energy consumption. Thus Iran joined such other countries as Britain in
+# observing what is known as 'daylight saving.' The proposal was originally
+# put forward by the Ministry of Energy, in no way having any influence on
+# observing religious ceremonies. Moving time one hour forward in summer
+# means that at 11:00 o'clock on March 21, the official time was set as
+# midnight March 22. Then September 24 will actually begin one hour later
+# than the end of September 23 [...]." Iran's time base thus continued to be
+# Greenwich Mean Time plus three and one-half hours (plus four and one-half
+# hours in summer).'
+#
+# The article sources this from Iran Almanac and Book of Facts, 1977, Tehran:
+# Echo of Iran, which is on Google Books at
+# https://www.google.com/books/edition/Iran_Almanac_and_Book_of_Facts/9ybVAAAAMAAJ.
+# (I confirmed it by searching for snippets.)
+#
+# 2. "After the fall of the shah, the revolutionary government returned to
+# daylight-saving time (DST) on 26 May 1979."
+#
+# This seems to have been announced just one day in advance, on 25 May 1979.
+#
+# The change in 1977 clearly seems to be the first daylight savings effort in
+# Iran. But the article doesn't mention what happened in 1978 (which was
+# still during the shah's government), or how things continued in 1979
+# onwards (which was during the Islamic Republic).
+
+# From Francis Santoni (2022-06-01):
+# for Iran and 1977 the effective change is only 20 October
+# (UIT No. 143 17.XI.1977) and not 23 September (UIT No. 141 13.IX.1977).
+# UIT is the Operational Bulletin of International Telecommunication Union.
+
# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15):
# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian).
# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine:
@@ -1442,65 +1543,12 @@
# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious
# plan to change that law....
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-30):
-# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter.
-# I used the following code in GNU Emacs 26.1 to generate the "Rule Iran"
-# lines from 2008 through 2087. Emacs 26.1 uses Ed Reingold's
-# cal-persia implementation of Birashk's approximation, which in the
-# 2008-2087 range disagrees with the astronomical Persian calendar
-# for Persian years 1404 (Gregorian 2025) and 1437 (Gregorian 2058), so
-# the following code special-cases those years. See Table 15.1, page 264, of:
-# Edward M. Reingold and Nachum Dershowitz, Calendrical Calculations:
-# The Ultimate Edition, Cambridge University Press (2018).
-# https://www.cambridge.org/fr/academic/subjects/computer-science/computing-general-interest/calendrical-calculations-ultimate-edition-4th-edition
-# Page 258, footnote 2, of this book says there is some dispute over what will
-# happen in 2091 (and some other years after that), so this code
-# stops in 2087, as 2088 and 2089 agree with the "max" rule below.
-# (cl-loop
-# initially (require 'cal-persia)
-# with first-persian-year = 1387
-# with last-persian-year = 1466
-# ;; Exceptional years in the above range,
-# ;; from Reingold & Dershowitz Table 15.1, page 264:
-# with exceptional-persian-years = '(1404 1437)
-# with range-start = nil
-# for persian-year from first-persian-year to last-persian-year
-# do
-# (let*
-# ((exceptional-year-offset
-# (if (member persian-year exceptional-persian-years) 1 0))
-# (beg-dst-absolute
-# (+ (calendar-persian-to-absolute (list 1 1 persian-year))
-# exceptional-year-offset))
-# (end-dst-absolute
-# (+ (calendar-persian-to-absolute (list 6 30 persian-year))
-# exceptional-year-offset))
-# (next-year-beg-dst-absolute
-# (+ (calendar-persian-to-absolute (list 1 1 (1+ persian-year)))
-# (if (member (1+ persian-year) exceptional-persian-years) 1 0)))
-# (beg-dst (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute beg-dst-absolute))
-# (end-dst (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute end-dst-absolute))
-# (next-year-beg-dst (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute
-# next-year-beg-dst-absolute))
-# (year (calendar-extract-year beg-dst))
-# (range-end (if range-start year "only")))
-# (setq range-start (or range-start year))
-# (when (or (/= (calendar-extract-day beg-dst)
-# (calendar-extract-day next-year-beg-dst))
-# (= persian-year last-persian-year))
-# (insert
-# (format
-# "Rule\tIran\t%d\t%s\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t1:00\t-\n"
-# range-start range-end
-# (calendar-month-name (calendar-extract-month beg-dst) t)
-# (calendar-extract-day beg-dst)))
-# (insert
-# (format
-# "Rule\tIran\t%d\t%s\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t0\t-\n"
-# range-start range-end
-# (calendar-month-name (calendar-extract-month end-dst) t)
-# (calendar-extract-day end-dst)))
-# (setq range-start nil))))
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-06-30):
+# Go with Pournader for 1935 through spring 1979, and for timestamps
+# after August 1991; go with with Shanks & Pottenger for other timestamps.
+# Go with Santoni's citation of the UIT for fall 1977, as 20 October 1977
+# is 28 Mehr 1356, consistent with the "Mehr" in Pournader's source.
+# Assume that the UIT's "1930" is UTC, i.e., 24:00 local time.
#
# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future
# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar:
@@ -1534,10 +1582,23 @@
# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the
# thirtieth day of Shahrivar.
#
+# From Ali Mirjamali (2022-05-10):
+# Official IR News Agency announcement: irna.ir/xjJ3TT
+# ...
+# Highlights: DST will be cancelled for the next Iranian year 1402
+# (i.e 2023-March-21) and forthcoming years.
+#
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 20 24:00 0 -
+# Work around a bug in zic 2022a and earlier.
+Rule Iran 1910 only - Jan 1 00:00 0 -
+#
+Rule Iran 1977 only - Mar 21 23:00 1:00 -
+Rule Iran 1977 only - Oct 20 24:00 0 -
+Rule Iran 1978 only - Mar 24 24:00 1:00 -
+Rule Iran 1978 only - Aug 5 01:00 0 -
+Rule Iran 1979 only - May 26 24:00 1:00 -
Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 18 24:00 0 -
+Rule Iran 1980 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 22 24:00 0 -
Rule Iran 1991 only - May 2 24:00 1:00 -
Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
@@ -1568,85 +1629,13 @@
Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2038 2039 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2038 2039 - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2040 2041 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2040 2041 - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2042 2043 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2042 2043 - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2044 2045 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2044 2045 - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2046 2047 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2046 2047 - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2048 2049 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2048 2049 - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2050 2051 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2050 2051 - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2052 2053 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2052 2053 - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2054 2055 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2054 2055 - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2056 2057 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2056 2057 - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2058 2059 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2058 2059 - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2060 2062 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2060 2062 - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2063 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2063 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2064 2066 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2064 2066 - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2067 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2067 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2068 2070 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2068 2070 - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2071 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2071 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2072 2074 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2072 2074 - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2075 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2075 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2076 2078 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2076 2078 - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2079 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2079 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2080 2082 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2080 2082 - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2083 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2083 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2084 2086 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2084 2086 - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
-Rule Iran 2087 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2087 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
-#
-# The following rules are approximations starting in the year 2088.
-# These are the best post-2088 approximations available, given the
-# restrictions of a single rule using ordinary Gregorian dates.
-# At some point this table will need to be extended, though quite
-# possibly Iran will change the rules first.
-Rule Iran 2088 max - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iran 2088 max - Sep 20 24:00 0 -
+Rule Iran 2021 2022 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 -
+Rule Iran 2021 2022 - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916
- 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time
- 3:30 - +0330 1977 Nov
+ 3:25:44 - TMT 1935 Jun 13 # Tehran Mean Time
+ 3:30 Iran +0330/+0430 1977 Oct 20 24:00
4:00 Iran +04/+05 1979
3:30 Iran +0330/+0430
@@ -2234,6 +2223,14 @@
# From Paul Eggert (2013-12-11):
# As Steffen suggested, consider the past 21-month experiment to be DST.
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2021-09-24):
+# The Jordanian Government announced yesterday that they will start DST
+# in February instead of March:
+# https://petra.gov.jo/Include/InnerPage.jsp?ID=37683&lang=en&name=en_news (English)
+# https://petra.gov.jo/Include/InnerPage.jsp?ID=189969&lang=ar&name=news (Arabic)
+# From the Arabic version, it seems to say it would be at midnight
+# (assume 24:00) on the last Thursday in February, starting from 2022.
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
@@ -2264,8 +2261,9 @@
Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 -
Rule Jordan 2006 2011 - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 -
Rule Jordan 2013 only - Dec 20 0:00 0 -
-Rule Jordan 2014 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S
+Rule Jordan 2014 2021 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S
Rule Jordan 2014 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Jordan 2022 max - Feb lastThu 24:00 1:00 S
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931
2:00 Jordan EE%sT
@@ -2459,9 +2457,9 @@
# the third time belt (before 1930 this means +03).
# From Alexander Konzurovski (2018-12-20):
-# Qyzyolrda Region (Asia/Qyzylorda) is changing its time zone from
-# UTC+6 to UTC+5 effective December 21st, 2018. The legal document is
-# located here: http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1800000817 (russian language).
+# (Asia/Qyzylorda) is changing its time zone from UTC+6 to UTC+5
+# effective December 21st, 2018....
+# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1800000817 (russian language).
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
#
@@ -2738,19 +2736,8 @@
Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 -
Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 -
#
-# peninsular Malaysia
-# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
-# http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
- 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
- 7:00 - +07 1933 Jan 1
- 7:00 0:20 +0720 1936 Jan 1
- 7:20 - +0720 1941 Sep 1
- 7:30 - +0730 1942 Feb 16
- 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12
- 7:30 - +0730 1982 Jan 1
- 8:00 - +08
+# For peninsular Malaysia see Asia/Singapore.
+#
# Sabah & Sarawak
# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12):
# The data entries here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945
@@ -2761,12 +2748,14 @@
8:00 NBorneo +08/+0820 1942 Feb 16
9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12
8:00 - +08
+Link Asia/Kuching Asia/Brunei
# Maldives
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Malé
4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Malé Mean Time
5:00 - +05
+Link Indian/Maldives Indian/Kerguelen
# Mongolia
@@ -3379,11 +3368,6 @@
# shall [end] on Oct 24th 2020 at 01:00AM by delaying the clock by 60 minutes.
# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/portal/Meeting/Details/51584
-# From Tim Parenti (2020-10-20):
-# Predict future fall transitions at 01:00 on the Saturday preceding October's
-# last Sunday (i.e., Sat>=24). This is consistent with our predictions since
-# 2016, although the time of the change differed slightly in 2019.
-
# From Pierre Cashon (2020-10-20):
# The summer time this year started on March 28 at 00:00.
# https://wafa.ps/ar_page.aspx?id=GveQNZa872839351758aGveQNZ
@@ -3391,10 +3375,33 @@
# The winter time in 2015 started on October 23 at 01:00.
# https://wafa.ps/ar_page.aspx?id=CgpCdYa670694628582aCgpCdY
# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/portal/meeting/details/27583
+
+# From P Chan (2021-10-18):
+# http://wafa.ps/Pages/Details/34701
+# Palestine winter time will start from midnight 2021-10-29 (Thursday-Friday).
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2019-04-10):
-# For now, guess spring-ahead transitions are at 00:00 on the Saturday
-# preceding March's last Sunday (i.e., Sat>=24).
+# From Heba Hemad, Palestine Ministry of Telecom & IT (2021-10-20):
+# ... winter time will begin in Palestine from Friday 10-29, 01:00 AM
+# by 60 minutes backwards.
+#
+# From Tim Parenti (2021-10-25), per Paul Eggert (2021-10-24):
+# Guess future fall transitions at 01:00 on the Friday preceding October's
+# last Sunday (i.e., Fri>=23), as this is more consistent with recent practice.
+
+# From Heba Hamad (2022-03-10):
+# summer time will begin in Palestine from Sunday 03-27-2022, 00:00 AM.
+
+# From Heba Hamad (2022-08-30):
+# winter time will begin in Palestine from Saturday 10-29, 02:00 AM by
+# 60 minutes backwards. Also the state of Palestine adopted the summer
+# and winter time for the years: 2023,2024,2025,2026 ...
+# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/attachments/20220830/9f024566/Time-0001.pdf
+# (2022-08-31): ... the Saturday before the last Sunday in March and October
+# at 2:00 AM ,for the years from 2023 to 2026.
+# (2022-09-05): https://mtit.pna.ps/Site/New/1453
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-08-31):
+# For now, assume that this rule will also be used after 2026.
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
@@ -3426,12 +3433,16 @@
Rule Palestine 2014 only - Oct 24 0:00 0 -
Rule Palestine 2015 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2015 only - Oct 23 1:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2016 2018 - Mar Sat>=24 1:00 1:00 S
-Rule Palestine 2016 2018 - Oct Sat>=24 1:00 0 -
+Rule Palestine 2016 2018 - Mar Sat<=30 1:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2016 2018 - Oct Sat<=30 1:00 0 -
Rule Palestine 2019 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 S
-Rule Palestine 2019 only - Oct Sat>=24 0:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2020 max - Mar Sat>=24 0:00 1:00 S
-Rule Palestine 2020 max - Oct Sat>=24 1:00 0 -
+Rule Palestine 2019 only - Oct Sat<=30 0:00 0 -
+Rule Palestine 2020 2021 - Mar Sat<=30 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2020 only - Oct 24 1:00 0 -
+Rule Palestine 2021 only - Oct 29 1:00 0 -
+Rule Palestine 2022 only - Mar 27 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2022 max - Oct Sat<=30 2:00 0 -
+Rule Palestine 2023 max - Mar Sat<=30 2:00 1:00 S
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct
@@ -3500,6 +3511,12 @@
# influence of the sources. There is no current abbreviation for DST,
# so use "PDT", the usual American style.
+# From P Chan (2021-05-10):
+# Here's a fairly comprehensive article in Japanese:
+# https://wiki.suikawiki.org/n/Philippine%20Time
+# From Paul Eggert (2021-05-10):
+# The info in the Japanese table has not been absorbed (yet) below.
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 S
@@ -3566,12 +3583,13 @@
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1947 Mar 14
3:00 - +03
+Link Asia/Riyadh Antarctica/Syowa
Link Asia/Riyadh Asia/Aden # Yemen
Link Asia/Riyadh Asia/Kuwait
# Singapore
# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
-# http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html
+# https://web.archive.org/web/20190822231045/http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/~mathelmr/teaching/timezone.html
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
@@ -3582,6 +3600,7 @@
9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12
7:30 - +0730 1982 Jan 1
8:00 - +08
+Link Asia/Singapore Asia/Kuala_Lumpur
# Spratly Is
# no information
@@ -3816,7 +3835,7 @@
Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21
6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 5:00 1:00 +05/+06 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
+ 5:00 1:00 +06 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
5:00 - +05
# Thailand
@@ -3826,6 +3845,7 @@
7:00 - +07
Link Asia/Bangkok Asia/Phnom_Penh # Cambodia
Link Asia/Bangkok Asia/Vientiane # Laos
+Link Asia/Bangkok Indian/Christmas
# Turkmenistan
# From Shanks & Pottenger.
@@ -3841,6 +3861,8 @@
Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920
4:00 - +04
Link Asia/Dubai Asia/Muscat # Oman
+Link Asia/Dubai Indian/Mahe
+Link Asia/Dubai Indian/Reunion
# Uzbekistan
# Byalokoz 1919 says Uzbekistan was 4:27:53.
@@ -3852,7 +3874,8 @@
6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1
5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992
5:00 - +05
-# Milne says Tashkent was 4:37:10.8; round to nearest.
+# Milne says Tashkent was 4:37:10.8.
+ #STDOFF 4:37:10.8
Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:11 - LMT 1924 May 2
5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21
6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00
@@ -3871,7 +3894,7 @@
# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Minh
# City"; use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters.
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-21) after a heads-up from Trần Ngọc Quân:
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-07-27) after a 2014 heads-up from Trần Ngọc Quân:
# Trần Tiến Bình's authoritative book "Lịch Việt Nam: thế kỷ XX-XXI (1901-2100)"
# (Nhà xuất bản Văn Hoá - Thông Tin, Hanoi, 2005), pp 49-50,
# is quoted verbatim in:
@@ -3883,8 +3906,8 @@
# The 1906 transition was effective July 1 and standardized Indochina to
# Phù Liễn Observatory, legally 104° 17' 17" east of Paris.
# It's unclear whether this meant legal Paris Mean Time (00:09:21) or
-# the Paris Meridian (2° 20' 14.03" E); the former yields 07:06:30.1333...
-# and the latter 07:06:29.333... so either way it rounds to 07:06:30,
+# the Paris Meridian; for now guess the former and round the exact
+# 07:06:30.1333... to 07:06:30.13 as the legal spec used 66 2/3 ms precision.
# which is used below even though the modern-day Phù Liễn Observatory
# is closer to 07:06:31. Abbreviate Phù Liễn Mean Time as PLMT.
#
@@ -3911,7 +3934,8 @@
# NXB Thuận Hoá, Huế, 1995.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jul 1
+ #STDOFF 7:06:30.13
+Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:30 - LMT 1906 Jul 1
7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1 # Phù Liễn MT
7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00
8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00
diff --git a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/australasia b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/australasia
index cf8a063..d6d1171 100644
--- a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/australasia
+++ b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/australasia
@@ -252,16 +252,10 @@
10:00 AT AE%sT
# Christmas
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
- 7:00 - +07
+# See Asia/Bangkok.
# Cocos (Keeling) Is
-# These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978.
-# We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900.
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900
- 6:30 - +0630
+# See Asia/Yangon.
# Fiji
@@ -385,9 +379,22 @@
# "Minister for Employment, Parveen Bala says they had never thought of
# stopping daylight saving. He says it was just to decide on when it should
# start and end. Bala says it is a short period..."
-# Since the end date is still in line with our ongoing predictions, assume for
-# now that the later-than-usual start date is a one-time departure from the
-# recent second Sunday in November pattern.
+#
+# From Tim Parenti (2021-10-11), per Jashneel Kumar (2021-10-11) and P Chan
+# (2021-10-12):
+# https://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Centre/Speeches/English/PM-BAINIMARAMA-S-COVID-19-ANNOUNCEMENT-10-10-21
+# https://www.fbcnews.com.fj/news/covid-19/curfew-moved-back-to-11pm/
+# In a 2021-10-10 speech concerning updated Covid-19 mitigation measures in
+# Fiji, prime minister Josaia Voreqe "Frank" Bainimarama announced the
+# suspension of DST for the 2021/2022 season: "Given that we are in the process
+# of readjusting in the midst of so many changes, we will also put Daylight
+# Savings Time on hold for this year. It will also make the reopening of
+# scheduled commercial air service much smoother if we don't have to be
+# concerned shifting arrival and departure times, which may look like a simple
+# thing but requires some significant logistical adjustments domestically and
+# internationally."
+# Assume for now that DST will resume with the recent pre-2020 rules for the
+# 2022/2023 season.
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Fiji 1998 1999 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
@@ -399,10 +406,11 @@
Rule Fiji 2012 2013 - Jan Sun>=18 3:00 0 -
Rule Fiji 2014 only - Jan Sun>=18 2:00 0 -
Rule Fiji 2014 2018 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
-Rule Fiji 2015 max - Jan Sun>=12 3:00 0 -
+Rule Fiji 2015 2021 - Jan Sun>=12 3:00 0 -
Rule Fiji 2019 only - Nov Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 -
Rule Fiji 2020 only - Dec 20 2:00 1:00 -
-Rule Fiji 2021 max - Nov Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule Fiji 2022 max - Nov Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule Fiji 2023 max - Jan Sun>=12 3:00 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:55:44 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva
12:00 Fiji +12/+13
@@ -464,7 +472,12 @@
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki
12:00 - +12
-Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901
+Link Pacific/Tarawa Pacific/Funafuti
+Link Pacific/Tarawa Pacific/Majuro
+Link Pacific/Tarawa Pacific/Wake
+Link Pacific/Tarawa Pacific/Wallis
+
+Zone Pacific/Kanton 0 - -00 1937 Aug 31
-12:00 - -12 1979 Oct
-11:00 - -11 1994 Dec 31
13:00 - +13
@@ -477,15 +490,8 @@
# See Pacific/Guam.
# Marshall Is
+# See Pacific/Tarawa for most locations.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901
- 11:00 - +11 1914 Oct
- 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1
- 11:00 - +11 1937
- 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
- 9:00 - +09 1944 Jan 30
- 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct
- 12:00 - +12
Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901
11:00 - +11 1937
10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
@@ -495,22 +501,9 @@
12:00 - +12
# Micronesia
+# For Chuuk and Yap see Pacific/Port_Moresby.
+# For Pohnpei see Pacific/Guadalcanal.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Pacific/Chuuk -13:52:52 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
- 10:07:08 - LMT 1901
- 10:00 - +10 1914 Oct
- 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1
- 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
- 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug
- 10:00 - +10
-Zone Pacific/Pohnpei -13:27:08 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 # Kolonia
- 10:32:52 - LMT 1901
- 11:00 - +11 1914 Oct
- 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1
- 11:00 - +11 1937
- 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
- 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug
- 11:00 - +11
Zone Pacific/Kosrae -13:08:04 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
10:51:56 - LMT 1901
11:00 - +11 1914 Oct
@@ -580,12 +573,12 @@
Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868 Nov 2
11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1946 Jan 1
12:00 NZ NZ%sT
+Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo
+
Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:13:48 - LMT 1868 Nov 2
12:15 - +1215 1946 Jan 1
12:45 Chatham +1245/+1345
-Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo
-
# Auckland Is
# uninhabited; Māori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers,
# and scientific personnel have wintered
@@ -597,13 +590,46 @@
# was probably like Pacific/Auckland
# Cook Is
-# From Shanks & Pottenger:
+#
+# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2021-03-24):
+# In 1899 the Cook Islands celebrated Christmas twice to correct the calendar.
+# According to the old books, missionaries were unaware of
+# the International Date line, when they came from Sydney.
+# Thus the Cook Islands were one day ahead....
+# http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-KloDisc-t1-body-d18.html
+# ... Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1900
+# https://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1900-I.2.1.2.3
+# (page 20)
+#
+# From Michael Deckers (2021-03-24):
+# ... in the Cook Island Act of 1915-10-11, online at
+# http://www.paclii.org/ck/legis/ck-nz_act/cia1915132/
+# "651. The hour of the day shall in each of the islands included in the
+# Cook Islands be determined in accordance with the meridian of that island."
+# so that local (mean?) time was still used in Rarotonga (and Niue) in 1915.
+# This was changed in the Cook Island Amendment Act of 1952-10-16 ...
+# http://www.paclii.org/ck/legis/ck-nz_act/ciaa1952212/
+# "651 (1) The hour of the day in each of the islands included in the Cook
+# Islands, other than Niue, shall be determined as if each island were
+# situated on the meridian one hundred and fifty-seven degrees thirty minutes
+# West of Greenwich. (2) The hour of the day in the Island of Niue shall be
+# determined as if that island were situated on the meridian one hundred and
+# seventy degrees West of Greenwich."
+# This act does not state when it takes effect, so one has to assume it
+# applies since 1952-10-16. But there is the possibility that the act just
+# legalized prior existing practice, as we had seen with the Guernsey law of
+# 1913-06-18 for the switch in 1909-04-19.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2021-03-24):
+# Transitions after 1952 are from Shanks & Pottenger.
+#
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 -
Rule Cook 1979 1991 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
Rule Cook 1979 1990 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua
+Zone Pacific/Rarotonga 13:20:56 - LMT 1899 Dec 26 # Avarua
+ -10:39:04 - LMT 1952 Oct 16
-10:30 - -1030 1978 Nov 12
-10:00 Cook -10/-0930
@@ -611,10 +637,18 @@
# Niue
+# See Pacific/Rarotonga comments for 1952 transition.
+#
+# From Tim Parenti (2021-09-13):
+# Consecutive contemporaneous editions of The Air Almanac listed -11:20 for
+# Niue as of Apr 1964 but -11 as of Aug 1964:
+# Apr 1964: https://books.google.com/books?id=_1So677Y5vUC&pg=SL1-PA23
+# Aug 1964: https://books.google.com/books?id=MbJloqd-zyUC&pg=SL1-PA23
+# Without greater specificity, guess 1964-07-01 for this transition.
+
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi
- -11:20 - -1120 1951
- -11:30 - -1130 1978 Oct 1
+Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1952 Oct 16 # Alofi
+ -11:20 - -1120 1964 Jul
-11:00 - -11
# Norfolk
@@ -638,6 +672,8 @@
Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880
9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time
10:00 - +10
+Link Pacific/Port_Moresby Antarctica/DumontDUrville
+Link Pacific/Port_Moresby Pacific/Chuuk
#
# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-13):
# Base the Bougainville entry on the Arawa-Kieta region, which appears to have
@@ -742,13 +778,17 @@
# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08):
# That web page currently lists transitions for 2012/3 and 2013/4.
# Assume the pattern instituted in 2012 will continue indefinitely.
+#
+# From Geoffrey D. Bennett (2021-09-20):
+# https://www.mcil.gov.ws/storage/2021/09/MCIL-Scan_20210920_120553.pdf
+# DST has been cancelled for this year.
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule WS 2010 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1 -
Rule WS 2011 only - Apr Sat>=1 4:00 0 -
Rule WS 2011 only - Sep lastSat 3:00 1 -
-Rule WS 2012 max - Apr Sun>=1 4:00 0 -
-Rule WS 2012 max - Sep lastSun 3:00 1 -
+Rule WS 2012 2021 - Apr Sun>=1 4:00 0 -
+Rule WS 2012 2020 - Sep lastSun 3:00 1 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1892 Jul 5
-11:26:56 - LMT 1911
@@ -761,6 +801,7 @@
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara
11:00 - +11
+Link Pacific/Guadalcanal Pacific/Pohnpei
# Tokelau
#
@@ -795,15 +836,13 @@
Rule Tonga 2016 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
Rule Tonga 2017 only - Jan Sun>=15 3:00 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901
- 12:20 - +1220 1941
+Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:12 - LMT 1945 Sep 10
+ 12:20 - +1220 1961
13:00 - +13 1999
13:00 Tonga +13/+14
# Tuvalu
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901
- 12:00 - +12
+# See Pacific/Tarawa.
# US minor outlying islands
@@ -862,9 +901,7 @@
# uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
# Wake
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901
- 12:00 - +12
+# See Pacific/Tarawa.
# Vanuatu
@@ -903,9 +940,7 @@
11:00 Vanuatu +11/+12
# Wallis and Futuna
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901
- 12:00 - +12
+# See Pacific/Tarawa.
###############################################################################
@@ -1223,6 +1258,7 @@
# to have the extra hour of sunshine removed from their area." See:
# Daylight saving coming to WA in 2019. Guardian Express. 2018-04-01.
# https://www.communitynews.com.au/guardian-express/news/exclusive-daylight-savings-coming-wa-summer-2018/
+# [The article ends with "Today's date is April 1."]
# Queensland
@@ -1738,6 +1774,23 @@
# One source for this is page 202 of: Bartky IR. One Time Fits All:
# The Campaigns for Global Uniformity (2007).
+# Kanton
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2021-05-27):
+# Kiribati's +13 timezone is represented by Kanton, its only populated
+# island. (It was formerly spelled "Canton", but Gilbertese lacks "C".)
+# Kanton was settled on 1937-08-31 by two British radio operators
+# <https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1937v02/d94>;
+# Americans came the next year and built an airfield, partly to
+# establish airline service and perhaps partly anticipating the
+# next war. Aside from the war, the airfield was used by commercial
+# airlines until long-range jets became standard; although currently
+# for emergency use only, China says it is considering rebuilding the
+# airfield for high-end niche tourism. Kanton has about two dozen
+# people, caretakers who rotate in from the rest of Kiribati in 2-5
+# year shifts, and who use some of the leftover structures
+# <http://pipa.neaq.org/2012/06/images-of-kanton-island.html>.
+
# Kwajalein
# From an AP article (1993-08-22):
@@ -1749,16 +1802,12 @@
# "In Marshall Islands, Friday is followed by Sunday", NY Times. 1993-08-22.
# https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/22/world/in-marshall-islands-friday-is-followed-by-sunday.html
-# From Phake Nick (2018-10-27):
-# <https://wiki.suikawiki.org/n/南洋群島の標準時> ... pointed out that
-# currently tzdata say Pacific/Kwajalein switched from GMT+11 to GMT-12 in
-# 1969 October without explanation, however an 1993 article from NYT say it
-# synchorized its day with US mainland about 40 years ago and thus the switch
-# should occur at around 1950s instead.
-#
-# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18):
-# The NYT (actually, AP) article is vague and possibly wrong about this.
-# The article says the earlier switch was "40 years ago when the United States
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-03-31):
+# Phake Nick (2018-10-27) noted <https://wiki.suikawiki.org/n/南洋群島の標準時>'s
+# citation of a 1993 AP article published in the New York Times saying
+# Kwajalein synchronized its day with the US mainland about 40 years earlier.
+# However the AP article is vague and possibly wrong about this. The article
+# says the earlier switch was "about 40 years ago when the United States
# Army established a missile test range here". However, the Kwajalein Test
# Center was established on 1960-10-01 and was run by the US Navy. It was
# transferred to the US Army on 1964-07-01. See "Seize the High Ground"
@@ -1805,13 +1854,6 @@
# Like the Ladrones (see Guam commentary), assume the Spanish East Indies
# kept American time until the Philippines switched at the end of 1844.
-# Alan Eugene Davis writes (1996-03-16),
-# "I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that 'Truk'
-# (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10."
-#
-# Shanks & Pottenger write that Truk switched from UT +10 to +11
-# on 1978-10-01; ignore this for now.
-
# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
# The Federated States of Micronesia Visitors Board writes in
# The Federated States of Micronesia - Visitor Information (1999-01-26)
@@ -2021,6 +2063,17 @@
# Tonga
+# From Paul Eggert (2021-03-04):
+# In 1943 "The standard time kept is 12 hrs. 19 min. 12 sec. fast
+# on Greenwich mean time." according to the Admiralty's Hydrographic
+# Dept., Pacific Islands Pilot, Vol. II, 7th ed., 1943, p 360.
+
+# From Michael Deckers (2021-03-03):
+# [Ian R Bartky: "One Time Fits All: The Campaigns for Global Uniformity".
+# Stanford University Press. 2007. p. 255]:
+# On 10 September 1945 Tonga adopted a standard time 12 hours,
+# 20 minutes in advance of Greenwich.
+
# From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
# Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (p 1) reports that "Tonga has been plotting
# to sneak ahead of [New Zealanders] by introducing daylight-saving time."
@@ -2049,9 +2102,26 @@
# The Crown Prince, presented an unanswerable argument: "Remember that
# on the World Day of Prayer, you would be the first people on Earth
# to say your prayers in the morning."
-
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# Shanks & Pottenger say the transition was on 1968-10-01; go with Mundell.
+#
+# From Tim Parenti (2021-09-13), per Paul Eggert (2006-03-22) and Michael
+# Deckers (2021-03-03):
+# Mundell places the transition from +12:20 to +13 in 1941, while Shanks &
+# Pottenger say the transition was on 1968-10-01.
+#
+# The Air Almanac published contemporaneous tables of standard times,
+# which listed +12:20 as of Nov 1960 and +13 as of Mar 1961:
+# Nov 1960: https://books.google.com/books?id=bVgtWM6kPZUC&pg=SL1-PA19
+# Mar 1961: https://books.google.com/books?id=W2nItAul4g0C&pg=SL1-PA19
+# (Thanks to P Chan for pointing us toward these sources.)
+# This agrees with Bartky, who writes that "since 1961 [Tonga's] official time
+# has been thirteen hours in advance of Greenwich time" (p. 202) and further
+# writes in an endnote that this was because "the legislation was amended" on
+# 1960-10-19. (p. 255)
+#
+# Without greater specificity, presume that Bartky and the Air Almanac point to
+# a 1961-01-01 transition, as Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV was still Crown Prince in
+# 1961 and this still jives with the gist of Mundell's telling, and go with
+# this over Shanks & Pottenger.
# From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-03):
# Tonga's director of tourism, who is also secretary of the National Millennium
@@ -2114,7 +2184,7 @@
# through the third Sunday in January at 03:00, like Fiji, for now.
# From David Wade (2017-10-18):
-# In August government was disolved by the King. The current prime minister
+# In August government was dissolved by the King. The current prime minister
# continued in office in care taker mode. It is easy to see that few
# decisions will be made until elections 16th November.
#
@@ -2122,26 +2192,6 @@
# For now, guess that DST is discontinued. That's what the IATA is guessing.
-# Wake
-
-# From Vernice Anderson, Personal Secretary to Philip Jessup,
-# US Ambassador At Large (oral history interview, 1971-02-02):
-#
-# Saturday, the 14th [of October, 1950] - ... The time was all the
-# more confusing at that point, because we had crossed the
-# International Date Line, thus getting two Sundays. Furthermore, we
-# discovered that Wake Island had two hours of daylight saving time
-# making calculation of time in Washington difficult if not almost
-# impossible.
-#
-# https://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/andrsonv.htm
-
-# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23):
-# We have no other report of DST in Wake Island, so omit this info for now.
-
-# See also the commentary for Micronesia.
-
-
###############################################################################
# The International Date Line
diff --git a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/backward b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/backward
index 0c55be2..14e4b14 100644
--- a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/backward
+++ b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/backward
@@ -3,8 +3,15 @@
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
-# This file provides links between current names for timezones
-# and their old names. Many names changed in late 1993.
+# This file provides links from old or merged timezone names to current ones.
+# Many names changed in late 1993, and many merged names moved here
+# in the period from 2013 through 2022. Several of these names are
+# also present in the file 'backzone', which has data important only
+# for pre-1970 timestamps and so is out of scope for tzdb proper.
+
+# Although this file is optional and tzdb will work if you omit it by
+# building with 'make BACKWARD=', in practice downstream users
+# typically use this file for backward compatibility.
# Link TARGET LINK-NAME
Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Asmera
@@ -13,7 +20,7 @@
Link America/Adak America/Atka
Link America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires America/Buenos_Aires
Link America/Argentina/Catamarca America/Catamarca
-Link America/Atikokan America/Coral_Harbour
+Link America/Panama America/Coral_Harbour
Link America/Argentina/Cordoba America/Cordoba
Link America/Tijuana America/Ensenada
Link America/Indiana/Indianapolis America/Fort_Wayne
@@ -28,7 +35,7 @@
Link America/Argentina/Cordoba America/Rosario
Link America/Tijuana America/Santa_Isabel
Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
-Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Virgin
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Virgin
Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/South_Pole
Link Asia/Ashgabat Asia/Ashkhabad
Link Asia/Kolkata Asia/Calcutta
@@ -46,7 +53,7 @@
Link Asia/Makassar Asia/Ujung_Pandang
Link Asia/Ulaanbaatar Asia/Ulan_Bator
Link Atlantic/Faroe Atlantic/Faeroe
-Link Europe/Oslo Atlantic/Jan_Mayen
+Link Europe/Berlin Atlantic/Jan_Mayen
Link Australia/Sydney Australia/ACT
Link Australia/Sydney Australia/Canberra
Link Australia/Hobart Australia/Currie
@@ -81,7 +88,10 @@
Link Europe/Dublin Eire
Link Etc/UTC Etc/UCT
Link Europe/London Europe/Belfast
+Link Europe/Kyiv Europe/Kiev
Link Europe/Chisinau Europe/Tiraspol
+Link Europe/Kyiv Europe/Uzhgorod
+Link Europe/Kyiv Europe/Zaporozhye
Link Europe/London GB
Link Europe/London GB-Eire
Link Etc/GMT GMT+0
@@ -89,7 +99,7 @@
Link Etc/GMT GMT0
Link Etc/GMT Greenwich
Link Asia/Hong_Kong Hongkong
-Link Atlantic/Reykjavik Iceland
+Link Africa/Abidjan Iceland
Link Asia/Tehran Iran
Link Asia/Jerusalem Israel
Link America/Jamaica Jamaica
@@ -103,11 +113,12 @@
Link Pacific/Chatham NZ-CHAT
Link America/Denver Navajo
Link Asia/Shanghai PRC
+Link Pacific/Kanton Pacific/Enderbury
Link Pacific/Honolulu Pacific/Johnston
-Link Pacific/Pohnpei Pacific/Ponape
+Link Pacific/Guadalcanal Pacific/Ponape
Link Pacific/Pago_Pago Pacific/Samoa
-Link Pacific/Chuuk Pacific/Truk
-Link Pacific/Chuuk Pacific/Yap
+Link Pacific/Port_Moresby Pacific/Truk
+Link Pacific/Port_Moresby Pacific/Yap
Link Europe/Warsaw Poland
Link Europe/Lisbon Portugal
Link Asia/Taipei ROC
diff --git a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/etcetera b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/etcetera
index 1dc7411..a7e0eb4 100644
--- a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/etcetera
+++ b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/etcetera
@@ -17,12 +17,16 @@
# behind GMT but uses the completely misleading abbreviation "GMT".
Zone Etc/GMT 0 - GMT
+
+# The following zone is used by tzcode functions like gmtime,
+# which load the "UTC" file to handle seconds properly.
Zone Etc/UTC 0 - UTC
# The following link uses older naming conventions,
# but it belongs here, not in the file 'backward',
-# as functions like gmtime load the "GMT" file to handle leap seconds properly.
-# We want this to work even on installations that omit the other older names.
+# as it is needed for tzcode releases through 2022a,
+# where functions like gmtime load "GMT" instead of the "Etc/UTC".
+# We want this to work even on installations that omit 'backward'.
Link Etc/GMT GMT
Link Etc/UTC Etc/Universal
diff --git a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/europe b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/europe
index 74712f4..ddc8850 100644
--- a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/europe
+++ b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/europe
@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@
# 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer
# 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer
# 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe
-# 0:19:32.13 AMT* NST* Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)
# 1:00 BST British Standard (1968-1971)
# 1:00 IST GMT Irish Standard (1968-) with winter DST
# 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe
@@ -304,8 +303,7 @@
# UT-00:25:22 and cites the International Telegraph Bureau. As it is
# not clear that there was any practical significance to the change
# from UT-00:25:22 to UT-00:25:21.1 in civil timekeeping, omit this
-# transition for now and just use the latter value, omitting its
-# fraction since our format cannot represent fractions.
+# transition for now and just use the latter value.
# "Countess Markievicz ... claimed that the [1916] abolition of Dublin Mean Time
# was among various actions undertaken by the 'English' government that
@@ -501,7 +499,7 @@
# Use Europe/London for Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00s
+Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1
0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27
1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996
@@ -539,7 +537,8 @@
#Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:00 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
+ #STDOFF -0:25:21.1
+Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:21 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
-0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00s
-0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s
0:00 GB-Eire %s 1921 Dec 6 # independence
@@ -822,7 +821,7 @@
# Shanks & Pottenger give 02:00, the BEV 00:00. Go with the BEV,
# and guess 02:00 for 1945-04-12.
-# From Alois Triendl (2019-07-22):
+# From Alois Treindl (2019-07-22):
# In 1946 the end of DST was on Monday, 7 October 1946, at 3:00 am.
# Shanks had this right. Source: Die Weltpresse, 5. Oktober 1946, page 5.
@@ -962,6 +961,8 @@
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 3
1:00 Belgium CE%sT 1977
1:00 EU CE%sT
+Link Europe/Brussels Europe/Amsterdam
+Link Europe/Brussels Europe/Luxembourg
# Bosnia and Herzegovina
# See Europe/Belgrade.
@@ -1024,62 +1025,12 @@
# End of rearguard section.
1:00 Czech CE%sT 1979
1:00 EU CE%sT
-# Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia.
+Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava
+
# Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland
+# For Denmark see Europe/Berlin.
-# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-04-26):
-# the law [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01....
-# The page https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1893/83
-# confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29.
-#
-# The EU [actually, EEC and Euratom] treaty with effect from 1973:
-# https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1972/21100
-#
-# This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes
-# in subsequent decrees with the law
-# https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1974/223
-#
-# It seems however that no decree was set forward until 1980. I have
-# not found any decree, but in another related law, the effecting DST
-# changes are stated explicitly to be from 1980-04-06 at 02:00 to
-# 1980-09-28 at 02:00. If this is true, this differs slightly from
-# the EU rule in that DST runs to 02:00, not 03:00. We don't know
-# when Denmark began using the EU rule correctly, but we have only
-# confirmation of the 1980-time, so I presume it was correct in 1981:
-# The law is about the management of the extra hour, concerning
-# working hours reported and effect on obligatory-rest rules (which
-# was suspended on that night):
-# https://web.archive.org/web/20140104053304/https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=60267
-
-# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-06-11):
-# The Herning Folkeblad (1980-09-26) reported that the night between
-# Saturday and Sunday the clock is set back from three to two.
-
-# From Paul Eggert (2005-06-11):
-# Hence the "02:00" of the 1980 law refers to standard time, not
-# wall-clock time, and so the EU rules were in effect in 1980.
-
-# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Denmark 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S
-Rule Denmark 1916 only - Sep 30 23:00 0 -
-Rule Denmark 1940 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S
-Rule Denmark 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Denmark 1945 only - Aug 15 2:00s 0 -
-Rule Denmark 1946 only - May 1 2:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Denmark 1946 only - Sep 1 2:00s 0 -
-Rule Denmark 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Denmark 1947 only - Aug 10 2:00s 0 -
-Rule Denmark 1948 only - May 9 2:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Denmark 1948 only - Aug 8 2:00s 0 -
-#
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Copenhagen 0:50:20 - LMT 1890
- 0:50:20 - CMT 1894 Jan 1 # Copenhagen MT
- 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s
- 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00
- 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1980
- 1:00 EU CE%sT
Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Tórshavn
0:00 - WET 1981
0:00 EU WE%sT
@@ -1299,10 +1250,10 @@
Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 -
-# Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document);
-# round to nearest.
+# Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document).
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+ #STDOFF 1:39:49.2
Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:49 - LMT 1878 May 31
1:39:49 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time
2:00 Finland EE%sT 1983
@@ -1449,6 +1400,7 @@
0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00
1:00 France CE%sT 1977
1:00 EU CE%sT
+Link Europe/Paris Europe/Monaco
# Germany
@@ -1492,21 +1444,11 @@
1:00 SovietZone CE%sT 1946
1:00 Germany CE%sT 1980
1:00 EU CE%sT
+Link Europe/Berlin Arctic/Longyearbyen
+Link Europe/Berlin Europe/Copenhagen
+Link Europe/Berlin Europe/Oslo
+Link Europe/Berlin Europe/Stockholm
-# From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12):
-# Büsingen <http://www.buesingen.de>, surrounded by the Swiss canton
-# Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE
-# (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did.
-# DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1,
-# which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin.
-#
-# Source for the time in Büsingen 1980:
-# http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3
-
-# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03):
-# Büsingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970.
-
-Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen
# Georgia
# Please see the "asia" file for Asia/Tbilisi.
@@ -1515,7 +1457,7 @@
# Gibraltar
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00s
+Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00
1:00 - CET 1982
1:00 EU CE%sT
@@ -1626,62 +1568,7 @@
1:00 EU CE%sT
# Iceland
-#
-# From Adam David (1993-11-06):
-# The name of the timezone in Iceland for system / mail / news purposes is GMT.
-#
-# (1993-12-05):
-# This material is paraphrased from the 1988 edition of the University of
-# Iceland Almanak.
-#
-# From January 1st, 1908 the whole of Iceland was standardised at 1 hour
-# behind GMT. Previously, local mean solar time was used in different parts
-# of Iceland, the almanak had been based on Reykjavík mean solar time which
-# was 1 hour and 28 minutes behind GMT.
-#
-# "first day of winter" referred to [below] means the first day of the 26 weeks
-# of winter, according to the old icelandic calendar that dates back to the
-# time the norsemen first settled Iceland. The first day of winter is always
-# Saturday, but is not dependent on the Julian or Gregorian calendars.
-#
-# (1993-12-10):
-# I have a reference from the Oxford Icelandic-English dictionary for the
-# beginning of winter, which ties it to the ecclesiastical calendar (and thus
-# to the julian/gregorian calendar) over the period in question.
-# the winter begins on the Saturday next before St. Luke's day
-# (old style), or on St. Luke's day, if a Saturday.
-# St. Luke's day ought to be traceable from ecclesiastical sources. "old style"
-# might be a reference to the Julian calendar as opposed to Gregorian, or it
-# might mean something else (???).
-#
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-11-22):
-# The information below is taken from the 1988 Almanak; see
-# http://www.almanak.hi.is/klukkan.html
-#
-# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Iceland 1917 1919 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iceland 1917 only - Oct 21 1:00 0 -
-Rule Iceland 1918 1919 - Nov 16 1:00 0 -
-Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 23:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iceland 1921 only - Jun 23 1:00 0 -
-Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iceland 1939 only - Oct 29 2:00 0 -
-Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 -
-Rule Iceland 1940 1941 - Nov Sun>=2 1:00s 0 -
-Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sun>=2 1:00s 1:00 -
-# 1943-1946 - first Sunday in March until first Sunday in winter
-Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 -
-Rule Iceland 1942 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 -
-# 1947-1967 - first Sunday in April until first Sunday in winter
-Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 -
-# 1949 and 1967 Oct transitions delayed by 1 week
-Rule Iceland 1949 only - Oct 30 1:00s 0 -
-Rule Iceland 1950 1966 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 -
-Rule Iceland 1967 only - Oct 29 1:00s 0 -
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:28 - LMT 1908
- -1:00 Iceland -01/+00 1968 Apr 7 1:00s
- 0:00 - GMT
+# See Africa/Abidjan.
# Italy
#
@@ -1736,19 +1623,22 @@
# advanced to sixty minutes later starting at hour two on 1944-04-02; ...
# Starting at hour three on the date 1944-09-17 standard time will be resumed.
#
-# From Alois Triendl (2019-07-02):
+# From Alois Treindl (2019-07-02):
# I spent 6 Euros to buy two archive copies of Il Messaggero, a Roman paper,
# for 1 and 2 April 1944. The edition of 2 April has this note: "Tonight at 2
# am, put forward the clock by one hour. Remember that in the night between
# today and Monday the 'ora legale' will come in force again." That makes it
# clear that in Rome the change was on Monday, 3 April 1944 at 2 am.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2016-10-27):
+# From Paul Eggert (2021-10-05):
# Go with INRiM for DST rules, except as corrected by Inglis for 1944
# for the Kingdom of Italy. This is consistent with Renzo Baldini.
# Model Rome's occupation by using C-Eur rules from 1943-09-10
# to 1944-06-04; although Rome was an open city during this period, it
-# was effectively controlled by Germany.
+# was effectively controlled by Germany. Using C-Eur is consistent
+# with Treindl's comment about Rome in April 1944, as the "Rule Italy"
+# lines during German occupation do not affect Europe/Rome
+# (though they do affect Europe/Malta).
#
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 3 24:00 1:00 S
@@ -1794,14 +1684,18 @@
Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Dec 12
- 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Oct 31 23:49:56 # Rome Mean
+ 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Oct 31 23:00u # Rome Mean
1:00 Italy CE%sT 1943 Sep 10
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jun 4
1:00 Italy CE%sT 1980
1:00 EU CE%sT
+Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican
+Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino
-Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican
-Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino
+
+# Kosovo
+# See Europe/Belgrade.
+
# Latvia
@@ -1886,16 +1780,7 @@
2:00 EU EE%sT
# Liechtenstein
-
-# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-09):
-# Shanks & Pottenger say Vaduz is like Zurich.
-
-# From Alois Treindl (2019-07-04):
-# I was able to access the online archive of the Vaduz paper Vaterland ...
-# I could confirm from the paper that Liechtenstein did in fact follow
-# the same DST in 1941 and 1942 as Switzerland did.
-
-Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz
+# See Europe/Zurich.
# Lithuania
@@ -1951,40 +1836,7 @@
2:00 EU EE%sT
# Luxembourg
-# Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways;
-# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S
-Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
-Rule Lux 1917 only - Apr 28 23:00 1:00 S
-Rule Lux 1917 only - Sep 17 1:00 0 -
-Rule Lux 1918 only - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Lux 1918 only - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 -
-Rule Lux 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00 1:00 S
-Rule Lux 1919 only - Oct 5 3:00 0 -
-Rule Lux 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 S
-Rule Lux 1920 only - Oct 24 2:00 0 -
-Rule Lux 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00 1:00 S
-Rule Lux 1921 only - Oct 26 2:00 0 -
-Rule Lux 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00 1:00 S
-Rule Lux 1922 only - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 -
-Rule Lux 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00 1:00 S
-Rule Lux 1923 only - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 -
-Rule Lux 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00 1:00 S
-Rule Lux 1924 1928 - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 -
-Rule Lux 1925 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 S
-Rule Lux 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S
-Rule Lux 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S
-Rule Lux 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00 1:00 S
-Rule Lux 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Luxembourg 0:24:36 - LMT 1904 Jun
- 1:00 Lux CE%sT 1918 Nov 25
- 0:00 Lux WE%sT 1929 Oct 6 2:00s
- 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 14 3:00
- 1:00 C-Eur WE%sT 1944 Sep 18 3:00
- 1:00 Belgium CE%sT 1977
- 1:00 EU CE%sT
+# See Europe/Brussels.
# North Macedonia
# See Europe/Belgrade.
@@ -2003,7 +1855,7 @@
Rule Malta 1975 1980 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
Rule Malta 1980 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta
+Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 # Valletta
1:00 Italy CE%sT 1973 Mar 31
1:00 Malta CE%sT 1981
1:00 EU CE%sT
@@ -2085,122 +1937,16 @@
2:00 Moldova EE%sT
# Monaco
-#
-# From Michael Deckers (2020-06-12):
-# In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1892-05-24, online at
-# https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/b1c67c12c5af11b41ea888fb048e4fe8.pdf
-# we read: ...
-# [In virtue of a Sovereign Ordinance of the May 13 of the current [year],
-# legal time in the Principality will be set to, from the date of June 1,
-# 1892 onwards, to the meridian of Paris, as in France.]
-# In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1911-03-28, online at
-# https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/de74ffb7db53d4f599059fe8f0ed482a.pdf
-# we read an ordinance of 1911-03-16: ...
-# [Legal time in the Principality will be set, from the date of promulgation
-# of the present ordinance, to legal time in France.... Consequently, legal
-# time will be retarded by 9 minutes and 21 seconds.]
-#
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1892 Jun 1
- 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 29 # Paris Mean Time
- 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00
- 1:00 France CE%sT 1977
- 1:00 EU CE%sT
+# See Europe/Paris.
# Montenegro
# See Europe/Belgrade.
# Netherlands
-
-# Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940,
-# but for other purposes the Netherlands used Amsterdam mean time.
-
-# However, Robert H. van Gent writes (2001-04-01):
-# Howse's statement is only correct up to 1909. From 1909-05-01 (00:00:00
-# Amsterdam mean time) onwards, the whole of the Netherlands (including
-# the Dutch railways) was required by law to observe Amsterdam mean time
-# (19 minutes 32.13 seconds ahead of GMT). This had already been the
-# common practice (except for the railways) for many decades but it was
-# not until 1909 when the Dutch government finally defined this by law.
-# On 1937-07-01 this was changed to 20 minutes (exactly) ahead of GMT and
-# was generally known as Dutch Time ("Nederlandse Tijd").
-#
-# (2001-04-08):
-# 1892-05-01 was the date when the Dutch railways were by law required to
-# observe GMT while the remainder of the Netherlands adhered to the common
-# practice of following Amsterdam mean time.
-#
-# (2001-04-09):
-# In 1835 the authorities of the province of North Holland requested the
-# municipal authorities of the towns and cities in the province to observe
-# Amsterdam mean time but I do not know in how many cases this request was
-# actually followed.
-#
-# From 1852 onwards the Dutch telegraph offices were by law required to
-# observe Amsterdam mean time. As the time signals from the observatory of
-# Leiden were also distributed by the telegraph system, I assume that most
-# places linked up with the telegraph (and railway) system automatically
-# adopted Amsterdam mean time.
-#
-# Although the early Dutch railway companies initially observed a variety
-# of times, most of them had adopted Amsterdam mean time by 1858 but it
-# was not until 1866 when they were all required by law to observe
-# Amsterdam mean time.
-
-# The data entries before 1945 are taken from
-# https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm
-
-# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Neth 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 NST # Netherlands Summer Time
-Rule Neth 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 AMT # Amsterdam Mean Time
-Rule Neth 1917 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 NST
-Rule Neth 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 AMT
-Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST
-Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Sep lastMon 2:00s 0 AMT
-Rule Neth 1922 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST
-Rule Neth 1922 1936 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 AMT
-Rule Neth 1923 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST
-Rule Neth 1924 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST
-Rule Neth 1925 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST
-# From 1926 through 1939 DST began 05-15, except that it was delayed by a week
-# in years when 05-15 fell in the Pentecost weekend.
-Rule Neth 1926 1931 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST
-Rule Neth 1932 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST
-Rule Neth 1933 1936 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST
-Rule Neth 1937 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST
-Rule Neth 1937 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
-Rule Neth 1937 1939 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 -
-Rule Neth 1938 1939 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Neth 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 -
-#
-# Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13, but the .13 is omitted
-# below because the current format requires STDOFF to be an integer.
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Amsterdam 0:19:32 - LMT 1835
- 0:19:32 Neth %s 1937 Jul 1
- 0:20 Neth +0020/+0120 1940 May 16 0:00
- 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00
- 1:00 Neth CE%sT 1977
- 1:00 EU CE%sT
+# See Europe/Brussels.
# Norway
-# http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html (2004-01) agrees with Shanks &
-# Pottenger.
-# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 S
-Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
-Rule Norway 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Norway 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 -
-Rule Norway 1959 1964 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Norway 1959 1965 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
-Rule Norway 1965 only - Apr 25 2:00s 1:00 S
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1
- 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1940 Aug 10 23:00
- 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00
- 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1980
- 1:00 EU CE%sT
+# See Europe/Berlin.
# Svalbard & Jan Mayen
@@ -2247,9 +1993,9 @@
# the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named
# Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945.
#
-# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Oslo
+# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Berlin
# for these regions.
-Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen
+
# Poland
@@ -2303,7 +2049,6 @@
# According to a Portuguese decree (1911-05-26)
# https://dre.pt/application/dir/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
# Lisbon was at -0:36:44.68, but switched to GMT on 1912-01-01 at 00:00.
-# Round the old offset to -0:36:45. This agrees with Willett....
#
# From Michael Deckers (2018-02-15):
# article 5 [of the 1911 decree; Deckers's translation] ...:
@@ -2376,12 +2121,10 @@
Rule Port 1944 1945 - Apr Sat>=21 22:00s 2:00 M
Rule Port 1946 only - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1946 only - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
-Rule Port 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Port 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
-# Shanks & Pottenger say DST was observed in 1950; go with Whitman.
+# Whitman says DST was not observed in 1950; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
# Whitman gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-Rule Port 1951 1965 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Port 1951 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1947 1965 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1947 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1977 only - Mar 27 0:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1978 1979 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 S
@@ -2392,6 +2135,7 @@
Rule Port 1983 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
#
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+ #STDOFF -0:36:44.68
Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:45 - LMT 1884
-0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 0:00u # Lisbon MT
0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00
@@ -2400,9 +2144,13 @@
0:00 W-Eur WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s
1:00 EU CE%sT 1996 Mar 31 1:00u
0:00 EU WE%sT
-# This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z.
Zone Atlantic/Azores -1:42:40 - LMT 1884 # Ponta Delgada
-1:54:32 - HMT 1912 Jan 1 2:00u # Horta MT
+# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support %z.
+# -2:00 Port %z 1966 Apr 3 2:00
+# -1:00 Port %z 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
+# -1:00 W-Eur %z 1992 Sep 27 1:00s
+# Rearguard section, for parsers lacking %z; see ziguard.awk.
-2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s
-2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s
-2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s
@@ -2414,11 +2162,14 @@
-2:00 Port -02/-01 1966 Apr 3 2:00
-1:00 Port -01/+00 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
-1:00 W-Eur -01/+00 1992 Sep 27 1:00s
+# End of rearguard section.
0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Mar 28 1:00u
-1:00 EU -01/+00
-# This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z.
Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal
-1:07:36 - FMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u # Funchal MT
+# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support %z.
+# -1:00 Port %z 1966 Apr 3 2:00
+# Rearguard section, for parsers lacking %z; see ziguard.awk.
-1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s
-1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s
-1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s
@@ -2428,6 +2179,7 @@
-1:00 Port -01/+00 1945 Apr 21 22:00s
-1:00 Port +01 1945 Aug 25 22:00s
-1:00 Port -01/+00 1966 Apr 3 2:00
+# End of rearguard section.
0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
0:00 EU WE%sT
@@ -2618,7 +2370,7 @@
# Although Shanks lists 1945-01-01 as the date for transition from
# +01/+02 to +02/+03, more likely this is a placeholder. Guess that
# the transition occurred at 1945-04-10 00:00, which is about when
-# Königsberg surrendered to Soviet troops. (Thanks to Alois Triendl.)
+# Königsberg surrendered to Soviet troops. (Thanks to Alois Treindl.)
# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
# The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
@@ -2777,8 +2529,26 @@
# says he remembers that Samara opted out of the 1992-01-19 exception
# 2 days before the switch.
#
+# From Alois Treindl (2022-02-15):
+# the Russian wikipedia page
+# https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Московское_время#Перемещение_границы_применения_московского_времени_на_восток
+# contains the sentence (in Google translation) "In the autumn of
+# 1981, Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Ryazan,
+# Lipetsk, Voronezh, Rostov-on-Don, Krasnodar and regions to the east
+# of those named (about 30 in total) parted ways with Moscow time.
+# However, the convenience of common time with Moscow turned out to be
+# decisive - in 1982, these regions again switched to Moscow time."
+# Shanks International atlas has similar information, and also the
+# Russian book Zaitsev A., Kutalev D. A new astrologer's reference
+# book. Coordinates of cities and time corrections, - The World of
+# Urania, 2012 (Russian: Зайцев А., Куталёв Д., Новый справочник
+# астролога. Координаты городов и временные поправки).
+# To me it seems that an extra zone is needed, which starts with LMT
+# util 1919, later follows Moscow since 1930, but deviates from it
+# between 1 October 1981 until 1 April 1982.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-02-15):
# Given the above, we appear to be missing some Zone entries for the
# chaotic early 1980s in Russia. It's not clear what these entries
# should be. For now, sweep this under the rug and just document the
@@ -2825,31 +2595,34 @@
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Apr 13
3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990
3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00
- 2:00 - EET 1992
+ 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 20
# Central Crimea used Moscow time 1994/1997.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched
-# from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections.
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-07-21):
+# The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reported that central Crimea switched
+# from Kyiv to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections.
# Shanks (1999) says "date of change uncertain", but implies that it happened
# sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say
# 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it
-# changed in May.
- 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May
-# From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev.
- 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 0:00s
+# changed in May. This change evidently didn't last long; see below.
+ 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1994 May
+# From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also said that Kerch is still like Kyiv.
+ 3:00 C-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 0:00s
3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s
-# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST.
+# IATA SSIM (1997-09) said Crimea switched to EET/EEST.
# Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks.
- 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1997
3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17):
# time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014
# https://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-03-30):
-# Simferopol and Sevastopol reportedly changed their central town clocks
-# late the previous day, but this appears to have been ceremonial
-# and the discrepancies are small enough to not worry about.
+# From Tim Parenti (2022-07-01), per Paul Eggert (2014-03-30):
+# The clocks at the railway station in Simferopol were put forward from 22:00
+# to 24:00 the previous day in a "symbolic ceremony"; however, per
+# contemporaneous news reports, "ordinary Crimeans [made] the daylight savings
+# time switch at 2am" on Sunday.
+# https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/crimea-to-set-clocks-to-russia-time-114033000014_1.html
+# https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-crimea-time/crimea-switches-to-moscow-time-amid-incorporation-frenzy-idUKBREA2S0LT20140329
+# https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-26806583
2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00
4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
3:00 - MSK
@@ -3010,11 +2783,12 @@
# Note: Effective 2005-12-01, (59) Perm Oblast and (81) Komi-Permyak
# Autonomous Okrug merged to form (90, RU-PER) Perm Krai.
-# Milne says Yekaterinburg was 4:02:32.9; round to nearest.
+# Milne says Yekaterinburg was 4:02:32.9.
# Byalokoz 1919 says its provincial time was based on Perm, at 3:45:05.
# Assume it switched on 1916-07-03, the time of the new standard.
# The 1919 and 1930 transitions are from Shanks.
+ #STDOFF 4:02:32.9
Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:33 - LMT 1916 Jul 3
3:45:05 - PMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00
4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21
@@ -3326,8 +3100,8 @@
# 14-28 **** Tomponsky District
# 14-30 **** Ust-Maysky District
-# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09):
-# Tomponskij and Ust'-Majskij switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time
+# From Arthur David Olson (2022-03-21):
+# Tomponsky and Ust-Maysky switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time
# in 2011.
# From Paul Eggert (2012-11-25):
@@ -3452,8 +3226,8 @@
# Asia/Ust-Nera covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic:
# 14-22 **** Oymyakonsky District
-# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09):
-# Ojmyakonskij [and the Kuril Islands] switched from
+# From Arthur David Olson (2022-03-21):
+# Oymyakonsky and the Kuril Islands switched from
# Magadan time to Vladivostok time in 2011.
#
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02):
@@ -3527,7 +3301,7 @@
Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Zagreb # Croatia
# Slovakia
-Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava
+# See Europe/Prague.
# Slovenia
# See Europe/Belgrade.
@@ -3616,7 +3390,7 @@
Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1900 Dec 31 23:45:16
+Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00u
0:00 Spain WE%sT 1940 Mar 16 23:00
1:00 Spain CE%sT 1979
1:00 EU CE%sT
@@ -3638,58 +3412,7 @@
# Ignore this for now, as the Canaries are part of the EU.
# Sweden
-
-# From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger:
-#
-# The law "Svensk författningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879:
-# From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all
-# places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at
-# three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the
-# meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 1878-05-31.
-#
-# The observatory at that time had the meridian 18° 03' 30"
-# eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time. Less 12 minutes gives the
-# national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT....
-#
-# About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk
-# författningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning
-# of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at
-# the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English
-# observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west
-# from the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated
-# 1899-06-16. In short: At 1900-01-01 00:00:00 the new standard time
-# in Sweden is 01:00:00 ahead of GMT.
-#
-# 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling 1916, no 124") states
-# that "1916-05-15 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is
-# pretty obvious that at 05-14 23:00 the clocks are set to 05-15 00:00....
-# Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later".
-#
-# The laws regulating [DST] are available on the site of the Swedish
-# Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980/1984 are
-# not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available
-# in Swedish): <http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp> (type
-# "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click
-# the Sök-button).
-#
-# (2001-05-13):
-#
-# I have now found a newspaper stating that at 1916-10-01 01:00
-# summertime the church-clocks etc were set back one hour to show
-# 1916-10-01 00:00 standard time. The article also reports that some
-# people thought the switch to standard time would take place already
-# at 1916-10-01 00:00 summer time, but they had to wait for another
-# hour before the event took place.
-#
-# Source: The newspaper "Dagens Nyheter", 1916-10-01, page 7 upper left.
-
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1
- 1:00:14 - SET 1900 Jan 1 # Swedish Time
- 1:00 - CET 1916 May 14 23:00
- 1:00 1:00 CEST 1916 Oct 1 1:00
- 1:00 - CET 1980
- 1:00 EU CE%sT
+# See Europe/Berlin.
# Switzerland
# From Howse:
@@ -3783,6 +3506,19 @@
# 1853-07-16, though it probably occurred at some other date in Zurich, and
# legal civil time probably changed at still some other transition date.
+# From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12):
+# Büsingen <http://www.buesingen.de>, surrounded by the Swiss canton
+# Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE
+# (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did.
+# DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1,
+# which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin.
+#
+# Source for the time in Büsingen 1980:
+# http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3
+#
+# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03):
+# Büsingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970.
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Mon>=1 1:00 1:00 S
Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 -
@@ -3791,6 +3527,9 @@
0:29:46 - BMT 1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time
1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981
1:00 EU CE%sT
+Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen
+Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz
+
# Turkey
@@ -3999,6 +3738,27 @@
# Ukraine
#
+# From Alois Treindl (2014-03-01):
+# REGULATION A N O V A on March 20, 1992 N 139 ... means that from
+# 1992 on, Ukraine had DST with begin time at 02:00 am, on last Sunday
+# in March, and end time 03:00 am, last Sunday in September....
+# CABINET OF MINISTERS OF UKRAINE RESOLUTION on May 13, 1996 N 509
+# "On the order of computation time on the territory of Ukraine" ....
+# As this cabinet decision is from May 1996, it seems likely that the
+# transition in March 1996, which predates it, was still at 2:00 am
+# and not at 3:00 as would have been under EU rules.
+# This is why I have set the change to EU rules into May 1996,
+# so that the change in March is stil covered by the Ukraine rule.
+# The next change in October 1996 happened under EU rules....
+# TZ database holds three other zones for Ukraine.... I have not yet
+# worked out the consequences for these three zones, as we (me and my
+# US colleague David Cochrane) are still trying to get more
+# information upon these local deviations from Kiev rules.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-08-27):
+# For now, assume that Ukraine's zones all followed the same rules,
+# except that Crimea switched to Moscow time in 1994 as described elsewhere.
+
# From Igor Karpov, who works for the Ukrainian Ministry of Justice,
# via Garrett Wollman (2003-01-27):
# BTW, I've found the official document on this matter. It's government
@@ -4038,7 +3798,7 @@
# The law documents themselves are at
# http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb_n/webproc4_1?id=&pf3511=41484
-# From Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl re Kiev time 1991/2 (2014-02-28):
+# From Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl re Kyiv time 1991/2 (2014-02-28):
# First in Ukraine they changed Time zone from UTC+3 to UTC+2 with DST:
# 03 25 1990 02:00 -03.00 1 Time Zone 3 with DST
# 07 01 1990 02:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST
@@ -4066,56 +3826,15 @@
# * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 20.03.1992, No. 139.
# http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_8u/pg_grcasa.htm
-# From Paul Eggert (2018-10-03):
-# As is usual in tzdb, Ukrainian zones use the most common English spellings.
-# For example, tzdb uses Europe/Kiev, as "Kiev" is the most common spelling in
-# English for Ukraine's capital, even though it is certainly wrong as a
-# transliteration of the Ukrainian "Київ". This is similar to tzdb's use of
-# Europe/Prague, which is certainly wrong as a transliteration of the Czech
-# "Praha". ("Kiev" came from old Slavic via Russian to English, and "Prague"
-# came from old Slavic via French to English, so the two cases have something
-# in common.) Admittedly English-language spelling of Ukrainian names is
-# controversial, and some day "Kyiv" may become substantially more popular in
-# English; in the meantime, stick with the traditional English "Kiev" as that
-# means less disruption for our users.
-
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-# This represents most of Ukraine. See above for the spelling of "Kiev".
-Zone Europe/Kiev 2:02:04 - LMT 1880
- 2:02:04 - KMT 1924 May 2 # Kiev Mean Time
+Zone Europe/Kyiv 2:02:04 - LMT 1880
+ 2:02:04 - KMT 1924 May 2 # Kyiv Mean Time
2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21
3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 20
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Nov 6
3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 Jul 1 2:00
2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 3:00
- 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995
- 2:00 EU EE%sT
-# Transcarpathia used CET 1990/1991.
-# "Uzhhorod" is the transliteration of the Rusyn/Ukrainian pronunciation, but
-# "Uzhgorod" is more common in English.
-Zone Europe/Uzhgorod 1:29:12 - LMT 1890 Oct
- 1:00 - CET 1940
- 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct
- 1:00 1:00 CEST 1944 Oct 26
- 1:00 - CET 1945 Jun 29
- 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990
- 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00
- 1:00 - CET 1991 Mar 31 3:00
- 2:00 - EET 1992
- 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995
- 2:00 EU EE%sT
-# Zaporozh'ye and eastern Lugansk oblasts observed DST 1990/1991.
-# "Zaporizhia" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but
-# "Zaporozh'ye" is more common in English. Use the common English
-# spelling, except omit the apostrophe as it is not allowed in
-# portable Posix file names.
-Zone Europe/Zaporozhye 2:20:40 - LMT 1880
- 2:20 - +0220 1924 May 2
- 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21
- 3:00 - MSK 1941 Aug 25
- 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Oct 25
- 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00
- 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995
+ 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1996 May 13
2:00 EU EE%sT
# Vatican City
diff --git a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/leapseconds b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/leapseconds
index bf0d2d7..6826ac4 100644
--- a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/leapseconds
+++ b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/leapseconds
@@ -72,11 +72,11 @@
# Any additional leap seconds will come after this.
# This Expires line is commented out for now,
# so that pre-2020a zic implementations do not reject this file.
-#Expires 2021 Jun 28 00:00:00
+#Expires 2023 Jun 28 00:00:00
# POSIX timestamps for the data in this file:
#updated 1467936000 (2016-07-08 00:00:00 UTC)
-#expires 1624838400 (2021-06-28 00:00:00 UTC)
+#expires 1687910400 (2023-06-28 00:00:00 UTC)
-# Updated through IERS Bulletin C60
-# File expires on: 28 June 2021
+# Updated through IERS Bulletin C64
+# File expires on: 28 June 2023
diff --git a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/northamerica b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/northamerica
index ddc5759..13fb064 100644
--- a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/northamerica
+++ b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/northamerica
@@ -344,8 +344,7 @@
# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
# Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
# says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
-# Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch. Round to the
-# nearest second.
+# Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch.
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
@@ -354,7 +353,8 @@
Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
+ #STDOFF -4:56:01.6
+Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 17:00u
-5:00 US E%sT 1920
-5:00 NYC E%sT 1942
-5:00 US E%sT 1946
@@ -729,7 +729,11 @@
-11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
-10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
-10:00 US H%sT
-# The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
+# The following switches don't make our 1970 cutoff.
+#
+# Kiska observed Tokyo date and time during Japanese occupation from
+# 1942-06-06 to 1943-07-29, and similarly for Attu from 1942-06-07 to
+# 1943-05-29 (all dates American). Both islands are now uninhabited.
#
# Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
@@ -825,6 +829,8 @@
-7:00 - MST 1967
-7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
-7:00 - MST
+Link America/Phoenix America/Creston
+
# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
# A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
# notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
@@ -970,7 +976,7 @@
-5:00 US E%sT
#
# Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
-# From Alois Triendl (2019-07-09):
+# From Alois Treindl (2019-07-09):
# The Indianapolis News, Friday 27 October 1967 states that Perry County
# returned to CST. It went again to EST on 27 April 1969, as documented by the
# Indianapolis star of Saturday 26 April.
@@ -1593,24 +1599,7 @@
# From Paul Eggert (2020-01-10):
# See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.
# See America/Halifax for the Îles de la Madeleine and the Listuguj reserve.
-#
-# Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
-# meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
-# Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
-# The Quebec department of justice writes in
-# "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"
-# https://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/en/department/ministre/functions-and-responsabilities/legal-time-in-quebec/the-situation-in-minganie-and-basse-cote-nord/
-# that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
-# observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
-# This common practice was codified into law as of 2007; see Legal Time Act,
-# CQLR c T-5.1 <http://legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca/en/ShowDoc/cs/T-5.1>.
-# For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
-# Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
-
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
- -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
- -4:00 - AST
+# See America/Puerto_Rico for east of Natashquan.
# Ontario
@@ -1649,54 +1638,6 @@
# time became a comic failure in Orillia. Toronto Star 2017-07-08.
# https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2017/07/08/bold-attempt-at-daylight-saving-time-became-a-comic-failure-in-orillia.html
-# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
-# Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
-# says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
-# but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
-# He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
-# http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html
-# says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
-# Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
-# concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
-#
-# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
-# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
-# New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
-# CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
-# violation of the official Ontario rules.
-#
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
-# Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
-# 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
-#
-# The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
-# This means they spend about half the time on central time and
-# the other half on eastern time.
-#
-# For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
-#
-# "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
-# Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
-# said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
-#
-# Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
-# [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
-
-# From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
-# I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
-# and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
-# can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
-# time keeping since 1952, at least.
-
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
-# Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
-# ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
-# McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
-# switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
-# ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
-# entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
-# America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
-
# From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
#
# Currently the database has:
@@ -1827,6 +1768,7 @@
-5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
-5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
-5:00 Canada E%sT
+Link America/Toronto America/Nassau
Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
-6:00 - CST 1910
-5:00 - EST 1942
@@ -1842,11 +1784,7 @@
-6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
-6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
-6:00 Canada C%sT
-Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
- -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
- -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
- -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
- -5:00 - EST
+# For Atikokan see America/Panama.
# Manitoba
@@ -1998,7 +1936,7 @@
# Alberta
-# From Alois Triendl (2019-07-19):
+# From Alois Treindl (2019-07-19):
# There was no DST in Alberta in 1967... Calgary Herald, 29 April 1967.
# 1969, no DST, from Edmonton Journal 18 April 1969
#
@@ -2037,60 +1975,6 @@
# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
# been like Vancouver.
# Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
-# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
-
-# It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:
-
-# From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
-# There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
-# that do not currently observe daylight saving:
-# a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
-# b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
-# (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
-
-# Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
-# keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
-# manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
-# http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
-# According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
-# i.e. Creston has been stuck on UT-7 for 93 years.
-# Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
-
-# Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
-# unknown and will be difficult to ascertain. I e-mailed Tammy a few months
-# ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess. She said it was just
-# as plausible as any other date (in June). She also said that after writing
-# the article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the
-# subject of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
-# http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
-
-# Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
-# 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
-# Exact date unknown
-# 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
-# Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
-# 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
-# Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
-# note 1:
-# On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
-# Creston did not change its clocks.
-# note 2:
-# During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
-# Creston did not oblige.
-# note 3:
-# There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
-# (UTC-7) forever.
-# The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
-# http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
-
-# During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
-# In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
-# summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
-# the change. It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
-# period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
-# (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
-
-# The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
# From Matt Johnson (2015-09-21):
# Fort Nelson, BC, Canada will cancel DST this year. So while previously they
@@ -2107,7 +1991,7 @@
#
# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25):
# Shanks says Fort Nelson did not observe DST in 1946, unlike Vancouver.
-# Alois Triendl confirmed this on 07-22, citing the 1946-04-27 Vancouver Daily
+# Alois Treindl confirmed this on 07-22, citing the 1946-04-27 Vancouver Daily
# Province. He also cited the 1946-09-28 Victoria Daily Times, which said
# that Vancouver, Victoria, etc. "change at midnight Saturday"; for now,
# guess they meant 02:00 Sunday since 02:00 was common practice in Vancouver.
@@ -2144,10 +2028,7 @@
-8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
-8:00 Canada P%sT 2015 Mar 8 2:00
-7:00 - MST
-Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884
- -7:00 - MST 1916 Oct 1
- -8:00 - PST 1918 Jun 2
- -7:00 - MST
+# For Creston see America/Phoenix.
# Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
@@ -2929,64 +2810,62 @@
# Anguilla
# Antigua and Barbuda
-# See America/Port_of_Spain.
+# See America/Puerto_Rico.
-# Bahamas
-#
-# For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
-#
-# From P Chan (2020-11-27, corrected on 2020-12-02):
-# There were two periods of DST observed in 1942-1945: 1942-05-01
-# midnight to 1944-12-31 midnight and 1945-02-01 to 1945-10-17 midnight.
-# "midnight" should mean 24:00 from the context.
-#
-# War Time Order 1942 [1942-05-01] and War Time (No. 2) Order 1942 [1942-09-29]
-# Appendix to the Statutes of 7 George VI. and the Year 1942. p 34, 43
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA3-PA34
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA3-PA43
-#
-# War Time Order 1943 [1943-03-31] and War Time Order 1944 [1943-12-29]
-# Appendix to the Statutes of 8 George VI. and the Year 1943. p 9-10, 28-29
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA4-PA9
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA4-PA28
-#
-# War Time Order 1945 [1945-01-31] and the Order which revoke War Time Order
-# 1945 [1945-10-16] Appendix to the Statutes of 9 George VI. and the Year
-# 1945. p 160, 247-248
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA6-PA160
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA6-PA247
-#
-# From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
-# The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
-# rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
-# http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
+# The Bahamas
+# See America/Toronto.
-# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Bahamas 1942 only - May 1 24:00 1:00 W
-Rule Bahamas 1944 only - Dec 31 24:00 0 S
-Rule Bahamas 1945 only - Feb 1 0:00 1:00 W
-Rule Bahamas 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
-Rule Bahamas 1945 only - Oct 17 24:00 0 S
-Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Nassau -5:09:30 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
- -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
- -5:00 US E%sT
# Barbados
-# For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
+# For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2.
+
+# From P Chan (2020-12-09 and 2020-12-11):
+# Standard time of GMT-4 was adopted in 1911.
+# Definition of Time Act, 1911 (1911-7) [1911-08-28]
+# 1912, Laws of Barbados (5 v.), OCLC Number: 919801291, Vol. 4, Image No. 522
+# 1944, Laws of Barbados (5 v.), OCLC Number: 84548697, Vol. 4, Image No. 122
+# http://llmc.com/browse.aspx?type=2&coll=85&div=297
+#
+# DST was observed in 1942-44.
+# Defence (Daylight Saving) Regulations, 1942, 1942-04-13
+# Defence (Daylight Saving) (Repeal) Regulations, 1942, 1942-08-22
+# Defence (Daylight Saving) Regulations, 1943, 1943-04-16
+# Defence (Daylight Saving) (Repeal) Regulations, 1943, 1943-09-01
+# Defence (Daylight Saving) Regulations, 1944, 1944-03-21
+# [Defence (Daylight Saving) (Amendment) Regulations 1944, 1944-03-28]
+# Defence (Daylight Saving) (Repeal) Regulations, 1944, 1944-08-30
+#
+# 1914-, Subsidiary Legis., Annual Vols. OCLC Number: 226290591
+# 1942: Image Nos. 527-528, 555-556
+# 1943: Image Nos. 178-179, 198
+# 1944: Image Nos. 113-115, 129
+# http://llmc.com/titledescfull.aspx?type=2&coll=85&div=297&set=98437
+#
+# From Tim Parenti (2021-02-20):
+# The transitions below are derived from P Chan's sources, except that the 1977
+# through 1980 transitions are from Shanks & Pottenger since we have no better
+# data there. Of particular note, the 1944 DST regulation only advanced the
+# time to "exactly three and a half hours later than Greenwich mean time", as
+# opposed to "three hours" in the 1942 and 1943 regulations.
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Barb 1942 only - Apr 19 5:00u 1:00 D
+Rule Barb 1942 only - Aug 31 6:00u 0 S
+Rule Barb 1943 only - May 2 5:00u 1:00 D
+Rule Barb 1943 only - Sep 5 6:00u 0 S
+Rule Barb 1944 only - Apr 10 5:00u 0:30 -
+Rule Barb 1944 only - Sep 10 6:00u 0 S
Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Barbados -3:58:29 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
- -3:58:29 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
+ #STDOFF -3:58:29.2
+Zone America/Barbados -3:58:29 - LMT 1911 Aug 28 # Bridgetown
+ -4:00 Barb A%sT 1944
+ -4:00 Barb AST/-0330 1945
-4:00 Barb A%sT
# Belize
@@ -3044,10 +2923,10 @@
# Bermuda
-# From Paul Eggert (2020-11-24):
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-07-27):
# For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
# Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I. This agrees with standard offset given in the
-# Daylight Saving Act, 1917 cited below. Round that to the nearest second.
+# Daylight Saving Act, 1917 cited below.
# It is not known when this time became standard for Bermuda; guess 1890.
# The transition to -04 was specified by:
# 1930: The Time Zone Act, 1929 (1929: No. 39) [1929-11-08]
@@ -3142,18 +3021,22 @@
Rule Bermuda 1956 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+ #STDOFF -4:19:18.3
Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:18 - LMT 1890 # Hamilton
-4:19:18 Bermuda BMT/BST 1930 Jan 1 2:00
-4:00 Bermuda A%sT 1974 Apr 28 2:00
-4:00 Canada A%sT 1976
-4:00 US A%sT
+# Caribbean Netherlands
+# See America/Puerto_Rico.
+
# Cayman Is
# See America/Panama.
# Costa Rica
-# Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.
+# Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time.
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
@@ -3165,6 +3048,7 @@
Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
# There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+ #STDOFF -5:36:13.3
Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José
-5:36:13 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
-6:00 CR C%sT
@@ -3376,7 +3260,7 @@
-5:00 Cuba C%sT
# Dominica
-# See America/Port_of_Spain.
+# See America/Puerto_Rico.
# Dominican Republic
@@ -3428,7 +3312,7 @@
# Guadeloupe
# St Barthélemy
# St Martin (French part)
-# See America/Port_of_Spain.
+# See America/Puerto_Rico.
# Guatemala
#
@@ -3587,7 +3471,7 @@
# Jamaica
# Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
# unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
-# island". Go with Milne. Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
+# island". Go with Milne.
#
# Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
# Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
@@ -3600,6 +3484,7 @@
# http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
#
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+ #STDOFF -5:07:10.41
Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:10 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
-5:07:10 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
-5:00 - EST 1974
@@ -3615,7 +3500,7 @@
-4:00 - AST
# Montserrat
-# See America/Port_of_Spain.
+# See America/Puerto_Rico.
# Nicaragua
#
@@ -3687,6 +3572,7 @@
Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
-5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
-5:00 - EST
+Link America/Panama America/Atikokan
Link America/Panama America/Cayman
# Puerto Rico
@@ -3696,10 +3582,29 @@
-4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
-4:00 US A%sT 1946
-4:00 - AST
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Anguilla
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Antigua
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Aruba
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Curacao
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Blanc-Sablon # Quebec (Lower North Shore)
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Dominica
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Grenada
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Guadeloupe
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Kralendijk # Caribbean Netherlands
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Lower_Princes # Sint Maarten
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Marigot # St Martin (French part)
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Montserrat
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Port_of_Spain # Trinidad & Tobago
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/St_Barthelemy # St Barthélemy
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/St_Kitts # St Kitts & Nevis
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/St_Lucia
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/St_Thomas # Virgin Islands (US)
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/St_Vincent
+Link America/Puerto_Rico America/Tortola # Virgin Islands (UK)
# St Kitts-Nevis
# St Lucia
-# See America/Port_of_Spain.
+# See America/Puerto_Rico.
# St Pierre and Miquelon
# There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
@@ -3710,7 +3615,10 @@
-3:00 Canada -03/-02
# St Vincent and the Grenadines
-# See America/Port_of_Spain.
+# See America/Puerto_Rico.
+
+# Sint Maarten
+# See America/Puerto_Rico.
# Turks and Caicos
#
@@ -3774,6 +3682,7 @@
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
+ #STDOFF -5:07:10.41
-5:07:10 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
-5:00 - EST 1979
-5:00 US E%sT 2015 Mar 8 2:00
@@ -3781,8 +3690,8 @@
-5:00 US E%sT
# British Virgin Is
-# Virgin Is
-# See America/Port_of_Spain.
+# US Virgin Is
+# See America/Puerto_Rico.
# Local Variables:
diff --git a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/southamerica b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/southamerica
index aad8b2d..2f51004 100644
--- a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/southamerica
+++ b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/southamerica
@@ -400,6 +400,7 @@
#
# Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ #STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Córdoba Mean Time
-4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
@@ -417,6 +418,7 @@
# - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01,
# then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26.
#
+ #STDOFF -4:16:48.25
Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
@@ -429,6 +431,7 @@
#
# Salta (SA), La Pampa (LP), Neuquén (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
Zone America/Argentina/Salta -4:21:40 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ #STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
@@ -441,6 +444,7 @@
#
# Tucumán (TM)
Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ #STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
@@ -454,6 +458,7 @@
#
# La Rioja (LR)
Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ #STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
@@ -468,6 +473,7 @@
#
# San Juan (SJ)
Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ #STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
@@ -482,6 +488,7 @@
#
# Jujuy (JY)
Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ #STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
@@ -497,6 +504,7 @@
#
# Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ #STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
@@ -511,6 +519,7 @@
#
# Mendoza (MZ)
Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ #STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
@@ -533,6 +542,7 @@
Rule SanLuis 2007 2008 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 -
Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ #STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
@@ -551,6 +561,7 @@
#
# Santa Cruz (SC)
Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ #STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
@@ -563,6 +574,7 @@
#
# Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur (TF)
Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ #STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
@@ -574,7 +586,7 @@
-3:00 - -03
# Aruba
-Link America/Curacao America/Aruba
+# See America/Puerto_Rico.
# Bolivia
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
@@ -645,7 +657,7 @@
# From Rodrigo Severo (2004-10-04):
# It's just the biannual change made necessary by the much hyped, supposedly
-# modern Brazilian eletronic voting machines which, apparently, can't deal
+# modern Brazilian ... voting machines which, apparently, can't deal
# with a time change between the first and the second rounds of the elections.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-20):
@@ -1086,7 +1098,7 @@
# Chile
-# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-03):
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-03-15):
# Shanks & Pottenger says America/Santiago introduced standard time in
# 1890 and rounds its UT offset to 70W40; guess that in practice this
# was the same offset as in 1916-1919. It also says Pacific/Easter
@@ -1109,7 +1121,7 @@
# Historia de la hora oficial de Chile (retrieved 2012-10-24). See:
# https://web.archive.org/web/20121024234627/http://www.horaoficial.cl/horaof.htm
# A fancier Spanish version (requiring mouse-clicking) is at:
-# http://www.horaoficial.cl/historia_hora.html
+# http://www.horaoficial.cl/historia_hora.php
# Conflicts between [1] and [2] were resolved as follows:
#
# - [1] says the 1910 transition was Jan 1, [2] says Jan 10 and cites
@@ -1118,7 +1130,8 @@
# - [1] says SMT was -4:42:45, [2] says Chile's official time from
# 1916 to 1919 was -4:42:46.3, the meridian of Chile's National
# Astronomical Observatory (OAN), then located in what is now
-# Quinta Normal in Santiago. Go with [2], rounding it to -4:42:46.
+# Quinta Normal in Santiago. Go with [1], as this matches the meridian
+# referred to by the relevant Chilean laws to this day.
#
# - [1] says the 1918 transition was Sep 1, [2] says Sep 10 and cites
# Boletín No. 22, Aviso No. 129/1918 (1918-08-23). Go with [2].
@@ -1140,6 +1153,39 @@
# this is known to work for DST transitions starting in 2008 and
# may well be true for earlier transitions.
+# From Tim Parenti (2022-07-06):
+# For a brief period of roughly six weeks in 1946, DST was only observed on an
+# emergency basis in specific regions of central Chile; namely, "the national
+# territory between the provinces of Coquimbo and Concepción, inclusive".
+# This was enacted by Decree 3,891, dated 1946-07-13, and took effect
+# 1946-07-14 24:00, advancing these central regions to -03.
+# https://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/versiones-anteriores/do-h/19460715/#page/1
+# The decree contemplated "[t]hat this advancement of the Official Time, even
+# though it has been proposed for the cities of Santiago and Valparaíso only,
+# must be agreed with that of other cities, due to the connection of various
+# activities that require it, such as, for example, the operation of rail
+# services". It was originally set to expire after 30 days but was extended
+# through 1946-08-31 by Decree 4,506, dated 1946-08-13.
+# https://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/versiones-anteriores/do-h/19460814/#page/1
+#
+# Law Number 8,522, promulgated 1946-08-27, reunified Chilean clocks at their
+# new "Summer Time" of -04, reckoned as that of "the meridian of the
+# Astronomical Observatory of Lo Espejo, advanced by 42 minutes and 45
+# seconds". Although this law specified the new Summer Time to start on 1
+# September each year, a special "transitional article" started it a few days
+# early, as soon as the law took effect. As the law was to take force "from
+# the date of its publication in the 'Diario Oficial', which happened the
+# following day, presume the change took place in Santiago and its environs
+# from 24:00 -03 to 23:00 -04 on Wednesday 1946-08-28. Although this was a
+# no-op for wall clocks in the north and south of the country, put their formal
+# start to DST an hour later when they reached 24:00 -04.
+# https://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/versiones-anteriores/do-h/19460828/#page/1
+# After a brief "Winter Time" stint at -05 beginning 1947-04-01, Law Number
+# 8,777, promulgated 1947-05-17, established year-round -04 "from 23:00 on the
+# second day after it is published in the 'Diario Oficial'." It was published
+# on Monday 1947-05-19 and so took effect from Wednesday 1947-05-21 23:00.
+# https://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/versiones-anteriores/do-h/19470519/#page/1
+
# From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
# The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
# of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
@@ -1252,11 +1298,25 @@
# So we extend the new rules on Saturdays at 24:00 mainland time indefinitely.
# From Juan Correa (2019-02-04):
# http://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/publicaciones/2018/11/23/42212/01/1498738.pdf
-# From Paul Eggert (2019-09-01):
-# The above says the Magallanes exception expires 2022-04-02 at 24:00,
-# so in theory, they will revert to -04/-03 after that.
-# For now, assume that they will not revert,
-# since they have extended the expiration date once already.
+
+# From Juan Correa (2022-04-02):
+# I found there was a decree published last Thursday that will keep
+# Magallanes region to UTC -3 "indefinitely". The decree is available at
+# https://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/publicaciones/2022/03/31/43217-B/01/2108910.pdf
+
+# From Juan Correa (2022-08-09):
+# the Internal Affairs Ministry (Ministerio del Interior) informed DST
+# for America/Santiago will start on midnight of September 11th;
+# and will end on April 1st, 2023. Magallanes region (America/Punta_Arenas)
+# will keep UTC -3 "indefinitely"... This is because on September 4th
+# we will have a voting whether to approve a new Constitution.
+#
+# From Eduardo Romero Urra (2022-08-17):
+# https://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/publicaciones/2022/08/13/43327/01/2172567.pdf
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-08-17):
+# Although the presidential decree stops at fall 2026, assume that
+# similar DST rules will continue thereafter.
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Chile 1927 1931 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 -
@@ -1294,34 +1354,37 @@
Rule Chile 2016 2018 - May Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
Rule Chile 2016 2018 - Aug Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 -
Rule Chile 2019 max - Apr Sun>=2 3:00u 0 -
-Rule Chile 2019 max - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 -
+Rule Chile 2019 2021 - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 -
+Rule Chile 2022 only - Sep Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 -
+Rule Chile 2023 max - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 -
# IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
# (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Santiago -4:42:46 - LMT 1890
- -4:42:46 - SMT 1910 Jan 10 # Santiago Mean Time
+Zone America/Santiago -4:42:45 - LMT 1890
+ -4:42:45 - SMT 1910 Jan 10 # Santiago Mean Time
-5:00 - -05 1916 Jul 1
- -4:42:46 - SMT 1918 Sep 10
+ -4:42:45 - SMT 1918 Sep 10
-4:00 - -04 1919 Jul 1
- -4:42:46 - SMT 1927 Sep 1
+ -4:42:45 - SMT 1927 Sep 1
-5:00 Chile -05/-04 1932 Sep 1
-4:00 - -04 1942 Jun 1
-5:00 - -05 1942 Aug 1
- -4:00 - -04 1946 Jul 15
- -4:00 1:00 -03 1946 Sep 1 # central Chile
- -4:00 - -04 1947 Apr 1
+ -4:00 - -04 1946 Jul 14 24:00
+ -4:00 1:00 -03 1946 Aug 28 24:00 # central CL
+ -5:00 1:00 -04 1947 Mar 31 24:00
-5:00 - -05 1947 May 21 23:00
-4:00 Chile -04/-03
Zone America/Punta_Arenas -4:43:40 - LMT 1890
- -4:42:46 - SMT 1910 Jan 10
+ -4:42:45 - SMT 1910 Jan 10
-5:00 - -05 1916 Jul 1
- -4:42:46 - SMT 1918 Sep 10
+ -4:42:45 - SMT 1918 Sep 10
-4:00 - -04 1919 Jul 1
- -4:42:46 - SMT 1927 Sep 1
+ -4:42:45 - SMT 1927 Sep 1
-5:00 Chile -05/-04 1932 Sep 1
-4:00 - -04 1942 Jun 1
-5:00 - -05 1942 Aug 1
- -4:00 - -04 1947 Apr 1
+ -4:00 - -04 1946 Aug 28 24:00
+ -5:00 1:00 -04 1947 Mar 31 24:00
-5:00 - -05 1947 May 21 23:00
-4:00 Chile -04/-03 2016 Dec 4
-3:00 - -03
@@ -1355,13 +1418,14 @@
# Colombia
-# Milne gives 4:56:16.4 for Bogotá time in 1899; round to nearest. He writes,
+# Milne gives 4:56:16.4 for Bogotá time in 1899. He writes,
# "A variation of fifteen minutes in the public clocks of Bogota is not rare."
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule CO 1992 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 -
Rule CO 1993 only - Apr 4 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+ #STDOFF -4:56:16.4
Zone America/Bogota -4:56:16 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
-4:56:16 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogotá Mean Time
-5:00 CO -05/-04
@@ -1369,35 +1433,14 @@
# no information; probably like America/Bogota
# Curaçao
-
-# Milne gives 4:35:46.9 for Curaçao mean time; round to nearest.
+# See America/Puerto_Rico.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at
-# -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that
-# Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from
-# 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01. The former is dubious, since S&P also say
-# Saba Island has been like Curaçao.
-# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
-#
-# By July 2007 Curaçao and St Maarten are planned to become
-# associated states within the Netherlands, much like Aruba;
-# Bonaire, Saba and St Eustatius would become directly part of the
-# Netherlands as Kingdom Islands. This won't affect their time zones
-# though, as far as we know.
-#
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Curacao -4:35:47 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
- -4:30 - -0430 1965
- -4:00 - AST
-
# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15):
# use links for places with new iso3166 codes.
# The name "Lower Prince's Quarter" is both longer than fourteen characters
-# and contains an apostrophe; use "Lower_Princes" below.
-
-Link America/Curacao America/Lower_Princes # Sint Maarten
-Link America/Curacao America/Kralendijk # Caribbean Netherlands
+# and contains an apostrophe; use "Lower_Princes"....
+# From Paul Eggert (2021-09-29):
+# These backward-compatibility links now are in the 'northamerica' file.
# Ecuador
#
@@ -1540,11 +1583,40 @@
-3:00 - -03
# Guyana
+
+# From P Chan (2020-11-27):
+# https://books.google.com/books?id=5-5CAQAAMAAJ&pg=SA1-PA547
+# The Official Gazette of British Guiana. (New Series.) Vol. XL. July to
+# December, 1915, p 1547, lists as several notes:
+# "Local Mean Time 3 hours 52 mins. 39 secs. slow of Greenwich Mean Time
+# (Georgetown.) From 1st August, 1911, British Guiana Standard Mean Time 4
+# hours slow of Greenwich Mean Time, by notice in Official Gazette on 1st July,
+# 1911. From 1st March, 1915, British Guiana Standard Mean Time 3 hours 45
+# mins. 0 secs. slow of Greenwich Mean Time, by notice in Official Gazette on
+# 23rd January, 1915."
+#
+# https://parliament.gov.gy/documents/acts/10923-act_no._27_of_1975_-_interpretation_and_general_clauses_(amendment)_act_1975.pdf
+# Interpretation and general clauses (Amendment) Act 1975 (Act No. 27 of 1975)
+# [dated 1975-07-31]
+# "This Act...shall come into operation on 1st August, 1975."
+# "...where any expression of time occurs...the time referred to shall signify
+# the standard time of Guyana which shall be three hours behind Greenwich Mean
+# Time."
+#
+# Circular No. 10/1992 dated 1992-03-20
+# https://dps.gov.gy/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/1992-03-20-Circular-010.pdf
+# "...cabinet has decided that with effect from Sunday 29th March, 1992, Guyana
+# Standard Time would be re-established at 01:00 hours by adjusting the hands
+# of the clock back to 24:00 hours."
+# Legislated in the Interpretation and general clauses (Amendment) Act 1992
+# (Act No. 6 of 1992) [passed 1992-03-27, published 1992-04-18]
+# https://parliament.gov.gy/documents/acts/5885-6_of_1992_interpretation_and_general_clauses_(amendment)_act_1992.pdf
+
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
- -3:45 - -0345 1975 Jul 31
- -3:00 - -03 1991
-# IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch.
+Zone America/Guyana -3:52:39 - LMT 1911 Aug 1 # Georgetown
+ -4:00 - -04 1915 Mar 1
+ -3:45 - -0345 1975 Aug 1
+ -3:00 - -03 1992 Mar 29 1:00
-4:00 - -04
# Paraguay
@@ -1685,24 +1757,7 @@
-3:00 - -03
# Trinidad and Tobago
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
- -4:00 - AST
-
-# These all agree with Trinidad and Tobago since 1970.
-Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Anguilla
-Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Antigua
-Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Dominica
-Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Grenada
-Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Guadeloupe
-Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Marigot # St Martin (French part)
-Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Montserrat
-Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Barthelemy # St Barthélemy
-Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Kitts # St Kitts & Nevis
-Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Lucia
-Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Thomas # Virgin Islands (US)
-Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Vincent
-Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Tortola # Virgin Islands (UK)
+# See America/Puerto_Rico.
# Uruguay
# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
diff --git a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/tzdb-version.txt b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/tzdb-version.txt
index 1d59095..9caed31 100644
--- a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/tzdb-version.txt
+++ b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/tzdb-version.txt
@@ -1 +1 @@
-2021a
+2022d
diff --git a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/zone.tab b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/zone.tab
index 1f0128f..4904028 100644
--- a/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/zone.tab
+++ b/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/zone.tab
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2018-06-27):
+# From Paul Eggert (2021-09-20):
# This file is intended as a backward-compatibility aid for older programs.
# New programs should use zone1970.tab. This file is like zone1970.tab (see
# zone1970.tab's comments), but with the following additional restrictions:
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@
# clocks have agreed since 1970; this is a narrower definition than
# that of zone1970.tab.
#
+# Unlike zone1970.tab, a row's third column can be a Link from
+# 'backward' instead of a Zone.
+#
# This table is intended as an aid for users, to help them select timezones
# appropriate for their practical needs. It is not intended to take or
# endorse any position on legal or territorial claims.
@@ -127,7 +130,7 @@
CA +6227-11421 America/Yellowknife Mountain - NT (central)
CA +682059-1334300 America/Inuvik Mountain - NT (west)
CA +4906-11631 America/Creston MST - BC (Creston)
-CA +5946-12014 America/Dawson_Creek MST - BC (Dawson Cr, Ft St John)
+CA +5546-12014 America/Dawson_Creek MST - BC (Dawson Cr, Ft St John)
CA +5848-12242 America/Fort_Nelson MST - BC (Ft Nelson)
CA +6043-13503 America/Whitehorse MST - Yukon (east)
CA +6404-13925 America/Dawson MST - Yukon (west)
@@ -228,7 +231,7 @@
KG +4254+07436 Asia/Bishkek
KH +1133+10455 Asia/Phnom_Penh
KI +0125+17300 Pacific/Tarawa Gilbert Islands
-KI -0308-17105 Pacific/Enderbury Phoenix Islands
+KI -0247-17143 Pacific/Kanton Phoenix Islands
KI +0152-15720 Pacific/Kiritimati Line Islands
KM -1141+04316 Indian/Comoro
KN +1718-06243 America/St_Kitts
@@ -391,15 +394,13 @@
TL -0833+12535 Asia/Dili
TM +3757+05823 Asia/Ashgabat
TN +3648+01011 Africa/Tunis
-TO -2110-17510 Pacific/Tongatapu
+TO -210800-1751200 Pacific/Tongatapu
TR +4101+02858 Europe/Istanbul
TT +1039-06131 America/Port_of_Spain
TV -0831+17913 Pacific/Funafuti
TW +2503+12130 Asia/Taipei
TZ -0648+03917 Africa/Dar_es_Salaam
-UA +5026+03031 Europe/Kiev Ukraine (most areas)
-UA +4837+02218 Europe/Uzhgorod Transcarpathia
-UA +4750+03510 Europe/Zaporozhye Zaporozhye and east Lugansk
+UA +5026+03031 Europe/Kyiv Ukraine (most areas)
UG +0019+03225 Africa/Kampala
UM +2813-17722 Pacific/Midway Midway Islands
UM +1917+16637 Pacific/Wake Wake Island
