blob: 78cc697d01a6240f1a2fb47df717bcc8132a16cc [file] [log] [blame]
//! A naïve spinning mutex.
//!
//! Waiting threads hammer an atomic variable until it becomes available. Best-case latency is low, but worst-case
//! latency is theoretically infinite.
use core::{
cell::UnsafeCell,
fmt,
ops::{Deref, DerefMut},
marker::PhantomData,
};
use crate::{
atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
RelaxStrategy, Spin
};
/// A [spin lock](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinlock) providing mutually exclusive access to data.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// use spin;
///
/// let lock = spin::mutex::SpinMutex::<_>::new(0);
///
/// // Modify the data
/// *lock.lock() = 2;
///
/// // Read the data
/// let answer = *lock.lock();
/// assert_eq!(answer, 2);
/// ```
///
/// # Thread safety example
///
/// ```
/// use spin;
/// use std::sync::{Arc, Barrier};
///
/// let thread_count = 1000;
/// let spin_mutex = Arc::new(spin::mutex::SpinMutex::<_>::new(0));
///
/// // We use a barrier to ensure the readout happens after all writing
/// let barrier = Arc::new(Barrier::new(thread_count + 1));
///
/// for _ in (0..thread_count) {
/// let my_barrier = barrier.clone();
/// let my_lock = spin_mutex.clone();
/// std::thread::spawn(move || {
/// let mut guard = my_lock.lock();
/// *guard += 1;
///
/// // Release the lock to prevent a deadlock
/// drop(guard);
/// my_barrier.wait();
/// });
/// }
///
/// barrier.wait();
///
/// let answer = { *spin_mutex.lock() };
/// assert_eq!(answer, thread_count);
/// ```
pub struct SpinMutex<T: ?Sized, R = Spin> {
phantom: PhantomData<R>,
pub(crate) lock: AtomicBool,
data: UnsafeCell<T>,
}
/// A guard that provides mutable data access.
///
/// When the guard falls out of scope it will release the lock.
pub struct SpinMutexGuard<'a, T: ?Sized + 'a> {
lock: &'a AtomicBool,
data: &'a mut T,
}
// Same unsafe impls as `std::sync::Mutex`
unsafe impl<T: ?Sized + Send, R> Sync for SpinMutex<T, R> {}
unsafe impl<T: ?Sized + Send, R> Send for SpinMutex<T, R> {}
impl<T, R> SpinMutex<T, R> {
/// Creates a new [`SpinMutex`] wrapping the supplied data.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// use spin::mutex::SpinMutex;
///
/// static MUTEX: SpinMutex<()> = SpinMutex::<_>::new(());
///
/// fn demo() {
/// let lock = MUTEX.lock();
/// // do something with lock
/// drop(lock);
/// }
/// ```
#[inline(always)]
pub const fn new(data: T) -> Self {
SpinMutex {
lock: AtomicBool::new(false),
data: UnsafeCell::new(data),
phantom: PhantomData,
}
}
/// Consumes this [`SpinMutex`] and unwraps the underlying data.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// let lock = spin::mutex::SpinMutex::<_>::new(42);
/// assert_eq!(42, lock.into_inner());
/// ```
#[inline(always)]
pub fn into_inner(self) -> T {
// We know statically that there are no outstanding references to
// `self` so there's no need to lock.
let SpinMutex { data, .. } = self;
data.into_inner()
}
/// Returns a mutable pointer to the underlying data.
///
/// This is mostly meant to be used for applications which require manual unlocking, but where
/// storing both the lock and the pointer to the inner data gets inefficient.
///
/// # Example
/// ```
/// let lock = spin::mutex::SpinMutex::<_>::new(42);
///
/// unsafe {
/// core::mem::forget(lock.lock());
///
/// assert_eq!(lock.as_mut_ptr().read(), 42);
/// lock.as_mut_ptr().write(58);
///
/// lock.force_unlock();
/// }
///
/// assert_eq!(*lock.lock(), 58);
///
/// ```
#[inline(always)]
pub fn as_mut_ptr(&self) -> *mut T {
self.data.get()
}
}
impl<T: ?Sized, R: RelaxStrategy> SpinMutex<T, R> {
/// Locks the [`SpinMutex`] and returns a guard that permits access to the inner data.
///
/// The returned value may be dereferenced for data access
/// and the lock will be dropped when the guard falls out of scope.
///
/// ```
/// let lock = spin::mutex::SpinMutex::<_>::new(0);
/// {
/// let mut data = lock.lock();
/// // The lock is now locked and the data can be accessed
/// *data += 1;
/// // The lock is implicitly dropped at the end of the scope
/// }
/// ```
#[inline(always)]
pub fn lock(&self) -> SpinMutexGuard<T> {
// Can fail to lock even if the spinlock is not locked. May be more efficient than `try_lock`
// when called in a loop.
while self.lock.compare_exchange_weak(false, true, Ordering::Acquire, Ordering::Relaxed).is_err() {
// Wait until the lock looks unlocked before retrying
while self.is_locked() {
R::relax();
}
}
SpinMutexGuard {
lock: &self.lock,
data: unsafe { &mut *self.data.get() },
}
}
}
impl<T: ?Sized, R> SpinMutex<T, R> {
/// Returns `true` if the lock is currently held.
///
/// # Safety
///
/// This function provides no synchronization guarantees and so its result should be considered 'out of date'
/// the instant it is called. Do not use it for synchronization purposes. However, it may be useful as a heuristic.
#[inline(always)]
pub fn is_locked(&self) -> bool {
self.lock.load(Ordering::Relaxed)
}
/// Force unlock this [`SpinMutex`].
///
/// # Safety
///
/// This is *extremely* unsafe if the lock is not held by the current
/// thread. However, this can be useful in some instances for exposing the
/// lock to FFI that doesn't know how to deal with RAII.
#[inline(always)]
pub unsafe fn force_unlock(&self) {
self.lock.store(false, Ordering::Release);
}
/// Try to lock this [`SpinMutex`], returning a lock guard if successful.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// let lock = spin::mutex::SpinMutex::<_>::new(42);
///
/// let maybe_guard = lock.try_lock();
/// assert!(maybe_guard.is_some());
///
/// // `maybe_guard` is still held, so the second call fails
/// let maybe_guard2 = lock.try_lock();
/// assert!(maybe_guard2.is_none());
/// ```
#[inline(always)]
pub fn try_lock(&self) -> Option<SpinMutexGuard<T>> {
// The reason for using a strong compare_exchange is explained here:
// https://github.com/Amanieu/parking_lot/pull/207#issuecomment-575869107
if self.lock.compare_exchange(false, true, Ordering::Acquire, Ordering::Relaxed).is_ok() {
Some(SpinMutexGuard {
lock: &self.lock,
data: unsafe { &mut *self.data.get() },
})
} else {
None
}
}
/// Returns a mutable reference to the underlying data.
///
/// Since this call borrows the [`SpinMutex`] mutably, and a mutable reference is guaranteed to be exclusive in
/// Rust, no actual locking needs to take place -- the mutable borrow statically guarantees no locks exist. As
/// such, this is a 'zero-cost' operation.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// let mut lock = spin::mutex::SpinMutex::<_>::new(0);
/// *lock.get_mut() = 10;
/// assert_eq!(*lock.lock(), 10);
/// ```
#[inline(always)]
pub fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T {
// We know statically that there are no other references to `self`, so
// there's no need to lock the inner mutex.
unsafe { &mut *self.data.get() }
}
}
impl<T: ?Sized + fmt::Debug, R> fmt::Debug for SpinMutex<T, R> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self.try_lock() {
Some(guard) => write!(f, "Mutex {{ data: ")
.and_then(|()| (&*guard).fmt(f))
.and_then(|()| write!(f, "}}")),
None => write!(f, "Mutex {{ <locked> }}"),
}
}
}
impl<T: ?Sized + Default, R> Default for SpinMutex<T, R> {
fn default() -> Self {
Self::new(Default::default())
}
}
impl<T, R> From<T> for SpinMutex<T, R> {
fn from(data: T) -> Self {
Self::new(data)
}
}
impl<'a, T: ?Sized> SpinMutexGuard<'a, T> {
/// Leak the lock guard, yielding a mutable reference to the underlying data.
///
/// Note that this function will permanently lock the original [`SpinMutex`].
///
/// ```
/// let mylock = spin::mutex::SpinMutex::<_>::new(0);
///
/// let data: &mut i32 = spin::mutex::SpinMutexGuard::leak(mylock.lock());
///
/// *data = 1;
/// assert_eq!(*data, 1);
/// ```
#[inline(always)]
pub fn leak(this: Self) -> &'a mut T {
let data = this.data as *mut _; // Keep it in pointer form temporarily to avoid double-aliasing
core::mem::forget(this);
unsafe { &mut *data }
}
}
impl<'a, T: ?Sized + fmt::Debug> fmt::Debug for SpinMutexGuard<'a, T> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
fmt::Debug::fmt(&**self, f)
}
}
impl<'a, T: ?Sized + fmt::Display> fmt::Display for SpinMutexGuard<'a, T> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
fmt::Display::fmt(&**self, f)
}
}
impl<'a, T: ?Sized> Deref for SpinMutexGuard<'a, T> {
type Target = T;
fn deref(&self) -> &T {
self.data
}
}
impl<'a, T: ?Sized> DerefMut for SpinMutexGuard<'a, T> {
fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T {
self.data
}
}
impl<'a, T: ?Sized> Drop for SpinMutexGuard<'a, T> {
/// The dropping of the MutexGuard will release the lock it was created from.
fn drop(&mut self) {
self.lock.store(false, Ordering::Release);
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "lock_api")]
unsafe impl<R: RelaxStrategy> lock_api_crate::RawMutex for SpinMutex<(), R> {
type GuardMarker = lock_api_crate::GuardSend;
const INIT: Self = Self::new(());
fn lock(&self) {
// Prevent guard destructor running
core::mem::forget(Self::lock(self));
}
fn try_lock(&self) -> bool {
// Prevent guard destructor running
Self::try_lock(self).map(core::mem::forget).is_some()
}
unsafe fn unlock(&self) {
self.force_unlock();
}
fn is_locked(&self) -> bool {
Self::is_locked(self)
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use std::prelude::v1::*;
use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
use std::sync::mpsc::channel;
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::thread;
type SpinMutex<T> = super::SpinMutex<T>;
#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Debug)]
struct NonCopy(i32);
#[test]
fn smoke() {
let m = SpinMutex::<_>::new(());
drop(m.lock());
drop(m.lock());
}
#[test]
fn lots_and_lots() {
static M: SpinMutex<()> = SpinMutex::<_>::new(());
static mut CNT: u32 = 0;
const J: u32 = 1000;
const K: u32 = 3;
fn inc() {
for _ in 0..J {
unsafe {
let _g = M.lock();
CNT += 1;
}
}
}
let (tx, rx) = channel();
for _ in 0..K {
let tx2 = tx.clone();
thread::spawn(move || {
inc();
tx2.send(()).unwrap();
});
let tx2 = tx.clone();
thread::spawn(move || {
inc();
tx2.send(()).unwrap();
});
}
drop(tx);
for _ in 0..2 * K {
rx.recv().unwrap();
}
assert_eq!(unsafe { CNT }, J * K * 2);
}
#[test]
fn try_lock() {
let mutex = SpinMutex::<_>::new(42);
// First lock succeeds
let a = mutex.try_lock();
assert_eq!(a.as_ref().map(|r| **r), Some(42));
// Additional lock failes
let b = mutex.try_lock();
assert!(b.is_none());
// After dropping lock, it succeeds again
::core::mem::drop(a);
let c = mutex.try_lock();
assert_eq!(c.as_ref().map(|r| **r), Some(42));
}
#[test]
fn test_into_inner() {
let m = SpinMutex::<_>::new(NonCopy(10));
assert_eq!(m.into_inner(), NonCopy(10));
}
#[test]
fn test_into_inner_drop() {
struct Foo(Arc<AtomicUsize>);
impl Drop for Foo {
fn drop(&mut self) {
self.0.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
}
}
let num_drops = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
let m = SpinMutex::<_>::new(Foo(num_drops.clone()));
assert_eq!(num_drops.load(Ordering::SeqCst), 0);
{
let _inner = m.into_inner();
assert_eq!(num_drops.load(Ordering::SeqCst), 0);
}
assert_eq!(num_drops.load(Ordering::SeqCst), 1);
}
#[test]
fn test_mutex_arc_nested() {
// Tests nested mutexes and access
// to underlying data.
let arc = Arc::new(SpinMutex::<_>::new(1));
let arc2 = Arc::new(SpinMutex::<_>::new(arc));
let (tx, rx) = channel();
let _t = thread::spawn(move || {
let lock = arc2.lock();
let lock2 = lock.lock();
assert_eq!(*lock2, 1);
tx.send(()).unwrap();
});
rx.recv().unwrap();
}
#[test]
fn test_mutex_arc_access_in_unwind() {
let arc = Arc::new(SpinMutex::<_>::new(1));
let arc2 = arc.clone();
let _ = thread::spawn(move || -> () {
struct Unwinder {
i: Arc<SpinMutex<i32>>,
}
impl Drop for Unwinder {
fn drop(&mut self) {
*self.i.lock() += 1;
}
}
let _u = Unwinder { i: arc2 };
panic!();
})
.join();
let lock = arc.lock();
assert_eq!(*lock, 2);
}
#[test]
fn test_mutex_unsized() {
let mutex: &SpinMutex<[i32]> = &SpinMutex::<_>::new([1, 2, 3]);
{
let b = &mut *mutex.lock();
b[0] = 4;
b[2] = 5;
}
let comp: &[i32] = &[4, 2, 5];
assert_eq!(&*mutex.lock(), comp);
}
#[test]
fn test_mutex_force_lock() {
let lock = SpinMutex::<_>::new(());
::std::mem::forget(lock.lock());
unsafe {
lock.force_unlock();
}
assert!(lock.try_lock().is_some());
}
}