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// Copyright 2016 `multipart` Crate Developers
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0, <LICENSE-APACHE or
// http://apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license <LICENSE-MIT or
// http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your option. This file may not be
// copied, modified, or distributed except according to those terms.
//! The client-side abstraction for multipart requests. Enabled with the `client` feature.
//!
//! Use this when sending POST requests with files to a server.
use mime::Mime;
use std::borrow::Cow;
use std::fs::File;
use std::io;
use std::io::prelude::*;
use std::path::Path;
#[cfg(feature = "hyper")]
pub mod hyper;
pub mod lazy;
mod sized;
pub use self::sized::SizedRequest;
const BOUNDARY_LEN: usize = 16;
macro_rules! map_self {
($selff:expr, $try:expr) => {
match $try {
Ok(_) => Ok($selff),
Err(err) => Err(err.into()),
}
};
}
/// The entry point of the client-side multipart API.
///
/// Though they perform I/O, the `.write_*()` methods do not return `io::Result<_>` in order to
/// facilitate method chaining. Upon the first error, all subsequent API calls will be no-ops until
/// `.send()` is called, at which point the error will be reported.
pub struct Multipart<S> {
writer: MultipartWriter<'static, S>,
}
impl Multipart<()> {
/// Create a new `Multipart` to wrap a request.
///
/// ## Returns Error
/// If `req.open_stream()` returns an error.
pub fn from_request<R: HttpRequest>(req: R) -> Result<Multipart<R::Stream>, R::Error> {
let (boundary, stream) = open_stream(req, None)?;
Ok(Multipart {
writer: MultipartWriter::new(stream, boundary),
})
}
}
impl<S: HttpStream> Multipart<S> {
/// Write a text field to this multipart request.
/// `name` and `val` can be either owned `String` or `&str`.
///
/// ## Errors
/// If something went wrong with the HTTP stream.
pub fn write_text<N: AsRef<str>, V: AsRef<str>>(
&mut self,
name: N,
val: V,
) -> Result<&mut Self, S::Error> {
map_self!(self, self.writer.write_text(name.as_ref(), val.as_ref()))
}
/// Open a file pointed to by `path` and write its contents to the multipart request,
/// supplying its filename and guessing its `Content-Type` from its extension.
///
/// If you want to set these values manually, or use another type that implements `Read`,
/// use `.write_stream()`.
///
/// `name` can be either `String` or `&str`, and `path` can be `PathBuf` or `&Path`.
///
/// ## Errors
/// If there was a problem opening the file (was a directory or didn't exist),
/// or if something went wrong with the HTTP stream.
pub fn write_file<N: AsRef<str>, P: AsRef<Path>>(
&mut self,
name: N,
path: P,
) -> Result<&mut Self, S::Error> {
let name = name.as_ref();
let path = path.as_ref();
map_self!(self, self.writer.write_file(name, path))
}
/// Write a byte stream to the multipart request as a file field, supplying `filename` if given,
/// and `content_type` if given or `"application/octet-stream"` if not.
///
/// `name` can be either `String` or `&str`, and `read` can take the `Read` by-value or
/// with an `&mut` borrow.
///
/// ## Warning
/// The given `Read` **must** be able to read to EOF (end of file/no more data), meaning
/// `Read::read()` returns `Ok(0)`. If it never returns EOF it will be read to infinity
/// and the request will never be completed.
///
/// When using `SizedRequest` this also can cause out-of-control memory usage as the
/// multipart data has to be written to an in-memory buffer so its size can be calculated.
///
/// Use `Read::take()` if you wish to send data from a `Read`
/// that will never return EOF otherwise.
///
/// ## Errors
/// If the reader returned an error, or if something went wrong with the HTTP stream.
// RFC: How to format this declaration?
pub fn write_stream<N: AsRef<str>, St: Read>(
&mut self,
name: N,
stream: &mut St,
filename: Option<&str>,
content_type: Option<Mime>,
) -> Result<&mut Self, S::Error> {
let name = name.as_ref();
map_self!(
self,
self.writer
.write_stream(stream, name, filename, content_type)
)
}
/// Finalize the request and return the response from the server, or the last error if set.
pub fn send(self) -> Result<S::Response, S::Error> {
self.writer
.finish()
.map_err(io::Error::into)
.and_then(|body| body.finish())
}
}
impl<R: HttpRequest> Multipart<SizedRequest<R>>
where
<R::Stream as HttpStream>::Error: From<R::Error>,
{
/// Create a new `Multipart` using the `SizedRequest` wrapper around `req`.
pub fn from_request_sized(req: R) -> Result<Self, R::Error> {
Multipart::from_request(SizedRequest::from_request(req))
}
}
/// A trait describing an HTTP request that can be used to send multipart data.
pub trait HttpRequest {
/// The HTTP stream type that can be opend by this request, to which the multipart data will be
/// written.
type Stream: HttpStream;
/// The error type for this request.
/// Must be compatible with `io::Error` as well as `Self::HttpStream::Error`
type Error: From<io::Error> + Into<<Self::Stream as HttpStream>::Error>;
/// Set the `Content-Type` header to `multipart/form-data` and supply the `boundary` value.
/// If `content_len` is given, set the `Content-Length` header to its value.
///
/// Return `true` if any and all sanity checks passed and the stream is ready to be opened,
/// or `false` otherwise.
fn apply_headers(&mut self, boundary: &str, content_len: Option<u64>) -> bool;
/// Open the request stream and return it or any error otherwise.
fn open_stream(self) -> Result<Self::Stream, Self::Error>;
}
/// A trait describing an open HTTP stream that can be written to.
pub trait HttpStream: Write {
/// The request type that opened this stream.
type Request: HttpRequest;
/// The response type that will be returned after the request is completed.
type Response;
/// The error type for this stream.
/// Must be compatible with `io::Error` as well as `Self::Request::Error`.
type Error: From<io::Error> + From<<Self::Request as HttpRequest>::Error>;
/// Finalize and close the stream and return the response object, or any error otherwise.
fn finish(self) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error>;
}
impl HttpRequest for () {
type Stream = io::Sink;
type Error = io::Error;
fn apply_headers(&mut self, _: &str, _: Option<u64>) -> bool {
true
}
fn open_stream(self) -> Result<Self::Stream, Self::Error> {
Ok(io::sink())
}
}
impl HttpStream for io::Sink {
type Request = ();
type Response = ();
type Error = io::Error;
fn finish(self) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
Ok(())
}
}
fn gen_boundary() -> String {
::random_alphanumeric(BOUNDARY_LEN)
}
fn open_stream<R: HttpRequest>(
mut req: R,
content_len: Option<u64>,
) -> Result<(String, R::Stream), R::Error> {
let boundary = gen_boundary();
req.apply_headers(&boundary, content_len);
req.open_stream().map(|stream| (boundary, stream))
}
struct MultipartWriter<'a, W> {
inner: W,
boundary: Cow<'a, str>,
data_written: bool,
}
impl<'a, W: Write> MultipartWriter<'a, W> {
fn new<B: Into<Cow<'a, str>>>(inner: W, boundary: B) -> Self {
MultipartWriter {
inner,
boundary: boundary.into(),
data_written: false,
}
}
fn write_boundary(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
if self.data_written {
self.inner.write_all(b"\r\n")?;
}
write!(self.inner, "--{}\r\n", self.boundary)
}
fn write_text(&mut self, name: &str, text: &str) -> io::Result<()> {
chain_result! {
self.write_field_headers(name, None, None),
self.inner.write_all(text.as_bytes())
}
}
fn write_file(&mut self, name: &str, path: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
let (content_type, filename) = mime_filename(path);
let mut file = File::open(path)?;
self.write_stream(&mut file, name, filename, Some(content_type))
}
fn write_stream<S: Read>(
&mut self,
stream: &mut S,
name: &str,
filename: Option<&str>,
content_type: Option<Mime>,
) -> io::Result<()> {
// This is necessary to make sure it is interpreted as a file on the server end.
let content_type = Some(content_type.unwrap_or(mime::APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM));
chain_result! {
self.write_field_headers(name, filename, content_type),
io::copy(stream, &mut self.inner),
Ok(())
}
}
fn write_field_headers(
&mut self,
name: &str,
filename: Option<&str>,
content_type: Option<Mime>,
) -> io::Result<()> {
chain_result! {
// Write the first boundary, or the boundary for the previous field.
self.write_boundary(),
{ self.data_written = true; Ok(()) },
write!(self.inner, "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{}\"", name),
filename.map(|filename| write!(self.inner, "; filename=\"{}\"", filename))
.unwrap_or(Ok(())),
content_type.map(|content_type| write!(self.inner, "\r\nContent-Type: {}", content_type))
.unwrap_or(Ok(())),
self.inner.write_all(b"\r\n\r\n")
}
}
fn finish(mut self) -> io::Result<W> {
if self.data_written {
self.inner.write_all(b"\r\n")?;
}
// always write the closing boundary, even for empty bodies
// trailing CRLF is optional but Actix requires it due to a naive implementation:
// https://github.com/actix/actix-web/issues/598
write!(self.inner, "--{}--\r\n", self.boundary)?;
Ok(self.inner)
}
}
fn mime_filename(path: &Path) -> (Mime, Option<&str>) {
let content_type = ::mime_guess::from_path(path);
let filename = opt_filename(path);
(content_type.first_or_octet_stream(), filename)
}
fn opt_filename(path: &Path) -> Option<&str> {
path.file_name().and_then(|filename| filename.to_str())
}