ext4_utils/ext4_utils.c

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include "ext4_utils.h"
#include "output_file.h"
#include "backed_block.h"
#include "uuid.h"
#include "allocate.h"
#include "indirect.h"
#include "extent.h"

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <string.h>

#if defined(__linux__)
#include <linux/fs.h>
#elif defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
#include <sys/disk.h>
#endif

#include "ext4.h"
#include "jbd2.h"

int force = 0;
struct fs_info info;
struct fs_aux_info aux_info;

/* returns 1 if a is a power of b */
static int is_power_of(int a, int b)
{
	while (a > b) {
		if (a % b)
			return 0;
		a /= b;
	}

	return (a == b) ? 1 : 0;
}

/* Returns 1 if the bg contains a backup superblock.  On filesystems with
   the sparse_super feature, only block groups 0, 1, and powers of 3, 5,
   and 7 have backup superblocks.  Otherwise, all block groups have backup
   superblocks */
int ext4_bg_has_super_block(int bg)
{
	/* Without sparse_super, every block group has a superblock */
	if (!(info.feat_ro_compat & EXT4_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER))
		return 1;

	if (bg == 0 || bg == 1)
		return 1;

	if (is_power_of(bg, 3) || is_power_of(bg, 5) || is_power_of(bg, 7))
		return 1;

	return 0;
}

struct count_chunks {
	u32 chunks;
	u64 cur_ptr;
};

void count_data_block(void *priv, u64 off, u8 *data, int len)
{
	struct count_chunks *count_chunks = priv;
	if (off > count_chunks->cur_ptr)
		count_chunks->chunks++;
	count_chunks->cur_ptr = off + ALIGN(len, info.block_size);
	count_chunks->chunks++;
}

void count_file_block(void *priv, u64 off, const char *file,
		off64_t offset, int len)
{
	struct count_chunks *count_chunks = priv;
	if (off > count_chunks->cur_ptr)
		count_chunks->chunks++;
	count_chunks->cur_ptr = off + ALIGN(len, info.block_size);
	count_chunks->chunks++;
}

int count_sparse_chunks()
{
	struct count_chunks count_chunks = {0, 0};

	for_each_data_block(count_data_block, count_file_block, &count_chunks);

	if (count_chunks.cur_ptr != (u64) info.len)
		count_chunks.chunks++;

	return count_chunks.chunks;
}

static void ext4_write_data_block(void *priv, u64 off, u8 *data, int len)
{
	write_data_block(priv, off, data, len);
}
static void ext4_write_data_file(void *priv, u64 off, const char *file,
		off64_t offset, int len)
{
	write_data_file(priv, off, file, offset, len);
}

/* Write the filesystem image to a file */
void write_ext4_image(const char *filename, int gz, int sparse, int crc,
		int wipe)
{
	int ret = 0;
	struct output_file *out = open_output_file(filename, gz, sparse,
	        count_sparse_chunks(), crc, wipe);

	if (!out)
		return;

	for_each_data_block(ext4_write_data_block, ext4_write_data_file, out);

	pad_output_file(out, info.len);

	close_output_file(out);
}

/* Compute the rest of the parameters of the filesystem from the basic info */
void ext4_create_fs_aux_info()
{
	aux_info.first_data_block = (info.block_size > 1024) ? 0 : 1;
	aux_info.len_blocks = info.len / info.block_size;
	aux_info.inode_table_blocks = DIV_ROUND_UP(info.inodes_per_group * info.inode_size,
		info.block_size);
	aux_info.groups = DIV_ROUND_UP(aux_info.len_blocks - aux_info.first_data_block,
		info.blocks_per_group);
	aux_info.blocks_per_ind = info.block_size / sizeof(u32);
	aux_info.blocks_per_dind = aux_info.blocks_per_ind * aux_info.blocks_per_ind;
	aux_info.blocks_per_tind = aux_info.blocks_per_dind * aux_info.blocks_per_dind;

	aux_info.bg_desc_blocks =
		DIV_ROUND_UP(aux_info.groups * sizeof(struct ext2_group_desc),
			info.block_size);

	aux_info.default_i_flags = EXT4_NOATIME_FL;

	u32 last_group_size = aux_info.len_blocks % info.blocks_per_group;
	u32 last_header_size = 2 + aux_info.inode_table_blocks;
	if (ext4_bg_has_super_block(aux_info.groups - 1))
		last_header_size += 1 + aux_info.bg_desc_blocks +
			info.bg_desc_reserve_blocks;
	if (last_group_size > 0 && last_group_size < last_header_size) {
		aux_info.groups--;
		aux_info.len_blocks -= last_group_size;
	}

	aux_info.sb = calloc(info.block_size, 1);
	if (!aux_info.sb)
		critical_error_errno("calloc");

	aux_info.bg_desc = calloc(info.block_size, aux_info.bg_desc_blocks);
	if (!aux_info.bg_desc)
		critical_error_errno("calloc");
}

void ext4_free_fs_aux_info()
{
	free(aux_info.sb);
	free(aux_info.bg_desc);
}

/* Fill in the superblock memory buffer based on the filesystem parameters */
void ext4_fill_in_sb()
{
	unsigned int i;
	struct ext4_super_block *sb = aux_info.sb;

	sb->s_inodes_count = info.inodes_per_group * aux_info.groups;
	sb->s_blocks_count_lo = aux_info.len_blocks;
	sb->s_r_blocks_count_lo = 0;
	sb->s_free_blocks_count_lo = 0;
	sb->s_free_inodes_count = 0;
	sb->s_first_data_block = aux_info.first_data_block;
	sb->s_log_block_size = log_2(info.block_size / 1024);
	sb->s_obso_log_frag_size = log_2(info.block_size / 1024);
	sb->s_blocks_per_group = info.blocks_per_group;
	sb->s_obso_frags_per_group = info.blocks_per_group;
	sb->s_inodes_per_group = info.inodes_per_group;
	sb->s_mtime = 0;
	sb->s_wtime = 0;
	sb->s_mnt_count = 0;
	sb->s_max_mnt_count = 0xFFFF;
	sb->s_magic = EXT4_SUPER_MAGIC;
	sb->s_state = EXT4_VALID_FS;
	sb->s_errors = EXT4_ERRORS_RO;
	sb->s_minor_rev_level = 0;
	sb->s_lastcheck = 0;
	sb->s_checkinterval = 0;
	sb->s_creator_os = EXT4_OS_LINUX;
	sb->s_rev_level = EXT4_DYNAMIC_REV;
	sb->s_def_resuid = EXT4_DEF_RESUID;
	sb->s_def_resgid = EXT4_DEF_RESGID;

	sb->s_first_ino = EXT4_GOOD_OLD_FIRST_INO;
	sb->s_inode_size = info.inode_size;
	sb->s_block_group_nr = 0;
	sb->s_feature_compat = info.feat_compat;
	sb->s_feature_incompat = info.feat_incompat;
	sb->s_feature_ro_compat = info.feat_ro_compat;
	generate_uuid("extandroid/make_ext4fs", info.label, sb->s_uuid);
	memset(sb->s_volume_name, 0, sizeof(sb->s_volume_name));
	strncpy(sb->s_volume_name, info.label, sizeof(sb->s_volume_name));
	memset(sb->s_last_mounted, 0, sizeof(sb->s_last_mounted));
	sb->s_algorithm_usage_bitmap = 0;

	sb->s_reserved_gdt_blocks = info.bg_desc_reserve_blocks;
	sb->s_prealloc_blocks = 0;
	sb->s_prealloc_dir_blocks = 0;

	//memcpy(sb->s_journal_uuid, sb->s_uuid, sizeof(sb->s_journal_uuid));
	if (info.feat_compat & EXT4_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL)
		sb->s_journal_inum = EXT4_JOURNAL_INO;
	sb->s_journal_dev = 0;
	sb->s_last_orphan = 0;
	sb->s_hash_seed[0] = 0; /* FIXME */
	sb->s_def_hash_version = DX_HASH_TEA;
	sb->s_reserved_char_pad = EXT4_JNL_BACKUP_BLOCKS;
	sb->s_desc_size = sizeof(struct ext2_group_desc);
	sb->s_default_mount_opts = 0; /* FIXME */
	sb->s_first_meta_bg = 0;
	sb->s_mkfs_time = 0;
	//sb->s_jnl_blocks[17]; /* FIXME */

	sb->s_blocks_count_hi = aux_info.len_blocks >> 32;
	sb->s_r_blocks_count_hi = 0;
	sb->s_free_blocks_count_hi = 0;
	sb->s_min_extra_isize = sizeof(struct ext4_inode) -
		EXT4_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE;
	sb->s_want_extra_isize = sizeof(struct ext4_inode) -
		EXT4_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE;
	sb->s_flags = 0;
	sb->s_raid_stride = 0;
	sb->s_mmp_interval = 0;
	sb->s_mmp_block = 0;
	sb->s_raid_stripe_width = 0;
	sb->s_log_groups_per_flex = 0;
	sb->s_kbytes_written = 0;

	for (i = 0; i < aux_info.groups; i++) {
		u64 group_start_block = aux_info.first_data_block + i *
			info.blocks_per_group;
		u32 header_size = 0;
		if (ext4_bg_has_super_block(i)) {
			if (i != 0)
				queue_data_block((u8 *)sb, info.block_size, group_start_block);
			queue_data_block((u8 *)aux_info.bg_desc,
				aux_info.bg_desc_blocks * info.block_size,
				group_start_block + 1);
			header_size = 1 + aux_info.bg_desc_blocks + info.bg_desc_reserve_blocks;
		}

		aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_block_bitmap = group_start_block + header_size;
		aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_inode_bitmap = group_start_block + header_size + 1;
		aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_inode_table = group_start_block + header_size + 2;

		aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_free_blocks_count = sb->s_blocks_per_group;
		aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_free_inodes_count = sb->s_inodes_per_group;
		aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_used_dirs_count = 0;
	}
}

void ext4_queue_sb(void)
{
	/* The write_data* functions expect only block aligned calls.
	 * This is not an issue, except when we write out the super
	 * block on a system with a block size > 1K.  So, we need to
	 * deal with that here.
	 */
	if (info.block_size > 1024) {
		u8 *buf = calloc(info.block_size, 1);
		memcpy(buf + 1024, (u8*)aux_info.sb, 1024);
		queue_data_block(buf, info.block_size, 0);
	} else {
		queue_data_block((u8*)aux_info.sb, 1024, 1);
	}
}

void ext4_parse_sb(struct ext4_super_block *sb)
{
	if (sb->s_magic != EXT4_SUPER_MAGIC)
		error("superblock magic incorrect");

	if (sb->s_state != EXT4_VALID_FS)
		error("filesystem state not valid");

	info.block_size = 1024 << sb->s_log_block_size;
	info.blocks_per_group = sb->s_blocks_per_group;
	info.inodes_per_group = sb->s_inodes_per_group;
	info.inode_size = sb->s_inode_size;
	info.inodes = sb->s_inodes_count;
	info.feat_ro_compat = sb->s_feature_ro_compat;
	info.feat_compat = sb->s_feature_compat;
	info.feat_incompat = sb->s_feature_incompat;
	info.bg_desc_reserve_blocks = sb->s_reserved_gdt_blocks;
	info.label = sb->s_volume_name;

	aux_info.len_blocks = ((u64)sb->s_blocks_count_hi << 32) +
			sb->s_blocks_count_lo;
	info.len = (u64)info.block_size * aux_info.len_blocks;

	ext4_create_fs_aux_info();

	memcpy(aux_info.sb, sb, sizeof(*sb));

	if (aux_info.first_data_block != sb->s_first_data_block)
		critical_error("first data block does not match");
}

void ext4_create_resize_inode()
{
	struct block_allocation *reserve_inode_alloc = create_allocation();
	u32 reserve_inode_len = 0;
	unsigned int i;

	struct ext4_inode *inode = get_inode(EXT4_RESIZE_INO);
	if (inode == NULL) {
		error("failed to get resize inode");
		return;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < aux_info.groups; i++) {
		if (ext4_bg_has_super_block(i)) {
			u64 group_start_block = aux_info.first_data_block + i *
				info.blocks_per_group;
			u32 reserved_block_start = group_start_block + 1 +
				aux_info.bg_desc_blocks;
			u32 reserved_block_len = info.bg_desc_reserve_blocks;
			append_region(reserve_inode_alloc, reserved_block_start,
				reserved_block_len, i);
			reserve_inode_len += reserved_block_len;
		}
	}

	inode_attach_resize(inode, reserve_inode_alloc);

	inode->i_mode = S_IFREG | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
	inode->i_links_count = 1;

	free_alloc(reserve_inode_alloc);
}

/* Allocate the blocks to hold a journal inode and connect them to the
   reserved journal inode */
void ext4_create_journal_inode()
{
	struct ext4_inode *inode = get_inode(EXT4_JOURNAL_INO);
	if (inode == NULL) {
		error("failed to get journal inode");
		return;
	}

	u8 *journal_data = inode_allocate_data_extents(inode,
			info.journal_blocks * info.block_size,
			info.journal_blocks * info.block_size);
	if (!journal_data) {
		error("failed to allocate extents for journal data");
		return;
	}

	inode->i_mode = S_IFREG | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
	inode->i_links_count = 1;

	journal_superblock_t *jsb = (journal_superblock_t *)journal_data;
	jsb->s_header.h_magic = htonl(JBD2_MAGIC_NUMBER);
	jsb->s_header.h_blocktype = htonl(JBD2_SUPERBLOCK_V2);
	jsb->s_blocksize = htonl(info.block_size);
	jsb->s_maxlen = htonl(info.journal_blocks);
	jsb->s_nr_users = htonl(1);
	jsb->s_first = htonl(1);
	jsb->s_sequence = htonl(1);

	memcpy(aux_info.sb->s_jnl_blocks, &inode->i_block, sizeof(inode->i_block));
}

/* Update the number of free blocks and inodes in the filesystem and in each
   block group */
void ext4_update_free()
{
	unsigned int i;

	for (i = 0; i < aux_info.groups; i++) {
		u32 bg_free_blocks = get_free_blocks(i);
		u32 bg_free_inodes = get_free_inodes(i);

		aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_free_blocks_count = bg_free_blocks;
		aux_info.sb->s_free_blocks_count_lo += bg_free_blocks;

		aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_free_inodes_count = bg_free_inodes;
		aux_info.sb->s_free_inodes_count += bg_free_inodes;

		aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_used_dirs_count += get_directories(i);
	}
}

static u64 get_block_device_size(const char *filename)
{
	int fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
	u64 size = 0;
	int ret;

	if (fd < 0)
		return 0;

#if defined(__linux__)
	ret = ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE64, &size);
#elif defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
	ret = ioctl(fd, DKIOCGETBLOCKCOUNT, &size);
#else
	return 0;
#endif

	close(fd);

	if (ret)
		return 0;

	return size;
}

u64 get_file_size(const char *filename)
{
	struct stat buf;
	int ret;
	u64 reserve_len = 0;
	s64 computed_size;

	ret = stat(filename, &buf);
	if (ret)
		return 0;

	if (info.len < 0)
		reserve_len = -info.len;

	if (S_ISREG(buf.st_mode))
		computed_size = buf.st_size - reserve_len;
	else if (S_ISBLK(buf.st_mode))
		computed_size = get_block_device_size(filename) - reserve_len;
	else
		computed_size = 0;

	if (computed_size < 0) {
		warn("Computed filesystem size less than 0");
		computed_size = 0;
	}

	return computed_size;
}

u64 parse_num(const char *arg)
{
	char *endptr;
	u64 num = strtoull(arg, &endptr, 10);
	if (*endptr == 'k' || *endptr == 'K')
		num *= 1024LL;
	else if (*endptr == 'm' || *endptr == 'M')
		num *= 1024LL * 1024LL;
	else if (*endptr == 'g' || *endptr == 'G')
		num *= 1024LL * 1024LL * 1024LL;

	return num;
}