hotspot/src/share/vm/utilities/exceptions.cpp - platform/libcore - Git at Google

 /*
  * Copyright 1998-2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  *
  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  * accompanied this code).
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  *
  * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
  * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
  * have any questions.
  *
  */

 #include "incls/_precompiled.incl"
 #include "incls/_exceptions.cpp.incl"


 // Implementation of ThreadShadow
 void check_ThreadShadow() {
   const ByteSize offset1 = byte_offset_of(ThreadShadow, _pending_exception);
   const ByteSize offset2 = Thread::pending_exception_offset();
   if (offset1 != offset2) fatal("ThreadShadow::_pending_exception is not positioned correctly");
 }


 void ThreadShadow::set_pending_exception(oop exception, const char* file, int line) {
   assert(exception != NULL && exception->is_oop(), "invalid exception oop");
   _pending_exception = exception;
   _exception_file    = file;
   _exception_line    = line;
 }

 void ThreadShadow::clear_pending_exception() {
   if (TraceClearedExceptions) {
     if (_pending_exception != NULL) {
       tty->print_cr("Thread::clear_pending_exception: cleared exception:");
       _pending_exception->print();
     }
   }
   _pending_exception = NULL;
   _exception_file    = NULL;
   _exception_line    = 0;
 }
 // Implementation of Exceptions

 bool Exceptions::special_exception(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, Handle h_exception) {
   // bootstrapping check
   if (!Universe::is_fully_initialized()) {
    vm_exit_during_initialization(h_exception);
    ShouldNotReachHere();
   }

   if (thread->is_VM_thread()
       || thread->is_Compiler_thread() ) {
     // We do not care what kind of exception we get for the vm-thread or a thread which
     // is compiling.  We just install a dummy exception object
     thread->set_pending_exception(Universe::vm_exception(), file, line);
     return true;
   }

   return false;
 }

 bool Exceptions::special_exception(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, symbolHandle h_name, const char* message) {
   // bootstrapping check
   if (!Universe::is_fully_initialized()) {
     if (h_name.is_null()) {
       // atleast an informative message.
       vm_exit_during_initialization("Exception", message);
     } else {
       vm_exit_during_initialization(h_name, message);
     }
     ShouldNotReachHere();
   }

   if (thread->is_VM_thread()
       || thread->is_Compiler_thread() ) {
     // We do not care what kind of exception we get for the vm-thread or a thread which
     // is compiling.  We just install a dummy exception object
     thread->set_pending_exception(Universe::vm_exception(), file, line);
     return true;
   }

   return false;
 }

 // This method should only be called from generated code,
 // therefore the exception oop should be in the oopmap.
 void Exceptions::_throw_oop(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, oop exception) {
   assert(exception != NULL, "exception should not be NULL");
   Handle h_exception = Handle(thread, exception);
   _throw(thread, file, line, h_exception);
 }

 void Exceptions::_throw(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, Handle h_exception) {
   assert(h_exception() != NULL, "exception should not be NULL");

   // tracing (do this up front - so it works during boot strapping)
   if (TraceExceptions) {
     ttyLocker ttyl;
     ResourceMark rm;
     tty->print_cr("Exception <%s> (" INTPTR_FORMAT " ) \nthrown [%s, line %d]\nfor thread " INTPTR_FORMAT,
                       h_exception->print_value_string(), (address)h_exception(), file, line, thread);
   }
   // for AbortVMOnException flag
   NOT_PRODUCT(Exceptions::debug_check_abort(h_exception));

   // Check for special boot-strapping/vm-thread handling
   if (special_exception(thread, file, line, h_exception)) return;

   assert(h_exception->is_a(SystemDictionary::throwable_klass()), "exception is not a subclass of java/lang/Throwable");

   // set the pending exception
   thread->set_pending_exception(h_exception(), file, line);

   // vm log
   Events::log("throw_exception " INTPTR_FORMAT, (address)h_exception());
 }


 void Exceptions::_throw_msg(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, symbolHandle h_name, const char* message, Handle h_loader, Handle h_protection_domain) {
   // Check for special boot-strapping/vm-thread handling
   if (special_exception(thread, file, line, h_name, message)) return;
   // Create and throw exception
   Handle h_cause(thread, NULL);
   Handle h_exception = new_exception(thread, h_name, message, h_cause, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
   _throw(thread, file, line, h_exception);
 }

 // Throw an exception with a message and a cause
 void Exceptions::_throw_msg_cause(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, symbolHandle h_name, const char* message, Handle h_cause, Handle h_loader, Handle h_protection_domain) {
   // Check for special boot-strapping/vm-thread handling
   if (special_exception(thread, file, line, h_name, message)) return;
   // Create and throw exception and init cause
   Handle h_exception = new_exception(thread, h_name, message, h_cause, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
   _throw(thread, file, line, h_exception);
 }

 // This version creates handles and calls the other version
 void Exceptions::_throw_msg(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line,
                             symbolOop name, const char* message) {
   symbolHandle h_name(thread, name);
   Handle       h_loader(thread, NULL);
   Handle       h_protection_domain(thread, NULL);
   Exceptions::_throw_msg(thread, file, line, h_name, message, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
 }

 // This version already has a handle for name
 void Exceptions::_throw_msg(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line,
                             symbolHandle name, const char* message) {
   Handle       h_loader(thread, NULL);
   Handle       h_protection_domain(thread, NULL);
   Exceptions::_throw_msg(thread, file, line, name, message, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
 }

 // This version already has a handle for name
 void Exceptions::_throw_msg_cause(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line,
                             symbolHandle name, const char* message, Handle cause) {
   Handle       h_loader(thread, NULL);
   Handle       h_protection_domain(thread, NULL);
   Exceptions::_throw_msg_cause(thread, file, line, name, message, cause, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
 }

 void Exceptions::_throw_args(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, symbolHandle h_name, symbolHandle h_signature, JavaCallArguments *args) {
   // Check for special boot-strapping/vm-thread handling
   if (special_exception(thread, file, line, h_name, NULL)) return;
   // Create and throw exception
   Handle h_loader(thread, NULL);
   Handle h_prot(thread, NULL);
   Handle h_cause(thread, NULL);
   Handle exception = new_exception(thread, h_name, h_signature, args, h_cause, h_loader, h_prot);
   _throw(thread, file, line, exception);
 }


 void Exceptions::throw_stack_overflow_exception(Thread* THREAD, const char* file, int line) {
   Handle exception;
   if (!THREAD->has_pending_exception()) {
     klassOop k = SystemDictionary::StackOverflowError_klass();
     oop e = instanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK);
     exception = Handle(THREAD, e);  // fill_in_stack trace does gc
     if (StackTraceInThrowable) {
       java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace(exception);
     }
   } else {
     // if prior exception, throw that one instead
     exception = Handle(THREAD, THREAD->pending_exception());
   }
   _throw_oop(THREAD, file, line, exception());
 }

 void Exceptions::fthrow(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, symbolHandle h_name, const char* format, ...) {
   const int max_msg_size = 1024;
   va_list ap;
   va_start(ap, format);
   char msg[max_msg_size];
   vsnprintf(msg, max_msg_size, format, ap);
   msg[max_msg_size-1] = '\0';
   va_end(ap);
   _throw_msg(thread, file, line, h_name, msg);
 }

 // Creates an exception oop, calls the <init> method with the given signature.
 // and returns a Handle
 // Initializes the cause if cause non-null
 Handle Exceptions::new_exception(Thread *thread, symbolHandle h_name,
                                  symbolHandle signature,
                                  JavaCallArguments *args,
                                  Handle h_cause, Handle h_loader,
                                  Handle h_protection_domain) {
   assert(Universe::is_fully_initialized(),
     "cannot be called during initialization");
   assert(thread->is_Java_thread(), "can only be called by a Java thread");
   assert(!thread->has_pending_exception(), "already has exception");

   Handle h_exception;

   // Resolve exception klass
   klassOop ik = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(h_name, h_loader, h_protection_domain, true, thread);
   instanceKlassHandle klass (thread, ik);

   if (!thread->has_pending_exception()) {
     assert(klass.not_null(), "klass must exist");
     // We are about to create an instance - so make sure that klass is initialized
     klass->initialize(thread);
     if (!thread->has_pending_exception()) {
       // Allocate new exception
       h_exception = klass->allocate_instance_handle(thread);
       if (!thread->has_pending_exception()) {
         JavaValue result(T_VOID);
         args->set_receiver(h_exception);
         // Call constructor
         JavaCalls::call_special(&result, klass,
                                          vmSymbolHandles::object_initializer_name(),
                                          signature,
                                          args,
                                          thread);

       }
     }

     // Future: object initializer should take a cause argument
     if (h_cause() != NULL) {
       assert(h_cause->is_a(SystemDictionary::throwable_klass()),
           "exception cause is not a subclass of java/lang/Throwable");
       JavaValue result1(T_OBJECT);
       JavaCallArguments args1;
       args1.set_receiver(h_exception);
       args1.push_oop(h_cause);
       JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result1, klass,
                                      vmSymbolHandles::initCause_name(),
                                      vmSymbolHandles::throwable_throwable_signature(),
                                      &args1,
                                      thread);
     }
   }

   // Check if another exception was thrown in the process, if so rethrow that one
   if (thread->has_pending_exception()) {
     h_exception = Handle(thread, thread->pending_exception());
     thread->clear_pending_exception();
   }
   return h_exception;
 }

 // Convenience method. Calls either the <init>() or <init>(String) method when
 // creating a new exception
 Handle Exceptions::new_exception(Thread* thread, symbolHandle h_name,
                                  const char* message, Handle h_cause,
                                  Handle h_loader,
                                  Handle h_protection_domain,
                                  ExceptionMsgToUtf8Mode to_utf8_safe) {
   JavaCallArguments args;
   symbolHandle signature;
   if (message == NULL) {
     signature = vmSymbolHandles::void_method_signature();
   } else {
     // We want to allocate storage, but we can't do that if there's
     // a pending exception, so we preserve any pending exception
     // around the allocation.
     // If we get an exception from the allocation, prefer that to
     // the exception we are trying to build, or the pending exception.
     // This is sort of like what PRESERVE_EXCEPTION_MARK does, except
     // for the preferencing and the early returns.
     Handle incoming_exception (thread, NULL);
     if (thread->has_pending_exception()) {
       incoming_exception = Handle(thread, thread->pending_exception());
       thread->clear_pending_exception();
     }
     Handle msg;
     if (to_utf8_safe == safe_to_utf8) {
       // Make a java UTF8 string.
       msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str(message, thread);
     } else {
       // Make a java string keeping the encoding scheme of the original string.
       msg = java_lang_String::create_from_platform_dependent_str(message, thread);
     }
     if (thread->has_pending_exception()) {
       Handle exception(thread, thread->pending_exception());
       thread->clear_pending_exception();
       return exception;
     }
     if (incoming_exception.not_null()) {
       return incoming_exception;
     }
     args.push_oop(msg);
     signature = vmSymbolHandles::string_void_signature();
   }
   return new_exception(thread, h_name, signature, &args, h_cause, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
 }

 // Another convenience method that creates handles for null class loaders and
 // protection domains and null causes.
 // If the last parameter 'to_utf8_mode' is safe_to_utf8,
 // it means we can safely ignore the encoding scheme of the message string and
 // convert it directly to a java UTF8 string. Otherwise, we need to take the
 // encoding scheme of the string into account. One thing we should do at some
 // point is to push this flag down to class java_lang_String since other
 // classes may need similar functionalities.
 Handle Exceptions::new_exception(Thread* thread,
                                  symbolOop name,
                                  const char* message,
                                  ExceptionMsgToUtf8Mode to_utf8_safe) {

   symbolHandle h_name(thread, name);
   Handle       h_loader(thread, NULL);
   Handle       h_prot(thread, NULL);
   Handle       h_cause(thread, NULL);
   return Exceptions::new_exception(thread, h_name, message, h_cause, h_loader,
                                    h_prot, to_utf8_safe);
 }

 // Implementation of ExceptionMark

 ExceptionMark::ExceptionMark(Thread*& thread) {
   thread     = Thread::current();
   _thread    = thread;
   if (_thread->has_pending_exception()) {
     oop exception = _thread->pending_exception();
     _thread->clear_pending_exception(); // Needed to avoid infinite recursion
     exception->print();
     fatal("ExceptionMark constructor expects no pending exceptions");
   }
 }


 ExceptionMark::~ExceptionMark() {
   if (_thread->has_pending_exception()) {
     Handle exception(_thread, _thread->pending_exception());
     _thread->clear_pending_exception(); // Needed to avoid infinite recursion
     if (is_init_completed()) {
       exception->print();
       fatal("ExceptionMark destructor expects no pending exceptions");
     } else {
       vm_exit_during_initialization(exception);
     }
   }
 }

 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 #ifndef PRODUCT
 // caller frees value_string if necessary
 void Exceptions::debug_check_abort(const char *value_string) {
   if (AbortVMOnException != NULL && value_string != NULL &&
       strstr(value_string, AbortVMOnException)) {
     fatal1("Saw %s, aborting", value_string);
   }
 }

 void Exceptions::debug_check_abort(Handle exception) {
   if (AbortVMOnException != NULL) {
     ResourceMark rm;
     debug_check_abort(instanceKlass::cast(exception()->klass())->external_name());
   }
 }
 #endif
	/*
	* Copyright 1998-2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
	* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
	*
	* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
	* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
	* published by the Free Software Foundation.
	*
	* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
	* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
	* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
	* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
	* accompanied this code).
	*
	* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
	* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
	* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
	*
	* Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
	* CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
	* have any questions.
	*
	*/

	#include "incls/_precompiled.incl"
	#include "incls/_exceptions.cpp.incl"


	// Implementation of ThreadShadow
	void check_ThreadShadow() {
	const ByteSize offset1 = byte_offset_of(ThreadShadow, _pending_exception);
	const ByteSize offset2 = Thread::pending_exception_offset();
	if (offset1 != offset2) fatal("ThreadShadow::_pending_exception is not positioned correctly");
	}


	void ThreadShadow::set_pending_exception(oop exception, const char* file, int line) {
	assert(exception != NULL && exception->is_oop(), "invalid exception oop");
	_pending_exception = exception;
	_exception_file = file;
	_exception_line = line;
	}

	void ThreadShadow::clear_pending_exception() {
	if (TraceClearedExceptions) {
	if (_pending_exception != NULL) {
	tty->print_cr("Thread::clear_pending_exception: cleared exception:");
	_pending_exception->print();
	}
	}
	_pending_exception = NULL;
	_exception_file = NULL;
	_exception_line = 0;
	}
	// Implementation of Exceptions

	bool Exceptions::special_exception(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, Handle h_exception) {
	// bootstrapping check
	if (!Universe::is_fully_initialized()) {
	vm_exit_during_initialization(h_exception);
	ShouldNotReachHere();
	}

	if (thread->is_VM_thread()
	\|\| thread->is_Compiler_thread() ) {
	// We do not care what kind of exception we get for the vm-thread or a thread which
	// is compiling. We just install a dummy exception object
	thread->set_pending_exception(Universe::vm_exception(), file, line);
	return true;
	}

	return false;
	}

	bool Exceptions::special_exception(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, symbolHandle h_name, const char* message) {
	// bootstrapping check
	if (!Universe::is_fully_initialized()) {
	if (h_name.is_null()) {
	// atleast an informative message.
	vm_exit_during_initialization("Exception", message);
	} else {
	vm_exit_during_initialization(h_name, message);
	}
	ShouldNotReachHere();
	}

	if (thread->is_VM_thread()
	\|\| thread->is_Compiler_thread() ) {
	// We do not care what kind of exception we get for the vm-thread or a thread which
	// is compiling. We just install a dummy exception object
	thread->set_pending_exception(Universe::vm_exception(), file, line);
	return true;
	}

	return false;
	}

	// This method should only be called from generated code,
	// therefore the exception oop should be in the oopmap.
	void Exceptions::_throw_oop(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, oop exception) {
	assert(exception != NULL, "exception should not be NULL");
	Handle h_exception = Handle(thread, exception);
	_throw(thread, file, line, h_exception);
	}

	void Exceptions::_throw(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, Handle h_exception) {
	assert(h_exception() != NULL, "exception should not be NULL");

	// tracing (do this up front - so it works during boot strapping)
	if (TraceExceptions) {
	ttyLocker ttyl;
	ResourceMark rm;
	tty->print_cr("Exception <%s> (" INTPTR_FORMAT " ) \nthrown [%s, line %d]\nfor thread " INTPTR_FORMAT,
	h_exception->print_value_string(), (address)h_exception(), file, line, thread);
	}
	// for AbortVMOnException flag
	NOT_PRODUCT(Exceptions::debug_check_abort(h_exception));

	// Check for special boot-strapping/vm-thread handling
	if (special_exception(thread, file, line, h_exception)) return;

	assert(h_exception->is_a(SystemDictionary::throwable_klass()), "exception is not a subclass of java/lang/Throwable");

	// set the pending exception
	thread->set_pending_exception(h_exception(), file, line);

	// vm log
	Events::log("throw_exception " INTPTR_FORMAT, (address)h_exception());
	}


	void Exceptions::_throw_msg(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, symbolHandle h_name, const char* message, Handle h_loader, Handle h_protection_domain) {
	// Check for special boot-strapping/vm-thread handling
	if (special_exception(thread, file, line, h_name, message)) return;
	// Create and throw exception
	Handle h_cause(thread, NULL);
	Handle h_exception = new_exception(thread, h_name, message, h_cause, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
	_throw(thread, file, line, h_exception);
	}

	// Throw an exception with a message and a cause
	void Exceptions::_throw_msg_cause(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, symbolHandle h_name, const char* message, Handle h_cause, Handle h_loader, Handle h_protection_domain) {
	// Check for special boot-strapping/vm-thread handling
	if (special_exception(thread, file, line, h_name, message)) return;
	// Create and throw exception and init cause
	Handle h_exception = new_exception(thread, h_name, message, h_cause, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
	_throw(thread, file, line, h_exception);
	}

	// This version creates handles and calls the other version
	void Exceptions::_throw_msg(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line,
	symbolOop name, const char* message) {
	symbolHandle h_name(thread, name);
	Handle h_loader(thread, NULL);
	Handle h_protection_domain(thread, NULL);
	Exceptions::_throw_msg(thread, file, line, h_name, message, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
	}

	// This version already has a handle for name
	void Exceptions::_throw_msg(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line,
	symbolHandle name, const char* message) {
	Handle h_loader(thread, NULL);
	Handle h_protection_domain(thread, NULL);
	Exceptions::_throw_msg(thread, file, line, name, message, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
	}

	// This version already has a handle for name
	void Exceptions::_throw_msg_cause(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line,
	symbolHandle name, const char* message, Handle cause) {
	Handle h_loader(thread, NULL);
	Handle h_protection_domain(thread, NULL);
	Exceptions::_throw_msg_cause(thread, file, line, name, message, cause, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
	}

	void Exceptions::_throw_args(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, symbolHandle h_name, symbolHandle h_signature, JavaCallArguments *args) {
	// Check for special boot-strapping/vm-thread handling
	if (special_exception(thread, file, line, h_name, NULL)) return;
	// Create and throw exception
	Handle h_loader(thread, NULL);
	Handle h_prot(thread, NULL);
	Handle h_cause(thread, NULL);
	Handle exception = new_exception(thread, h_name, h_signature, args, h_cause, h_loader, h_prot);
	_throw(thread, file, line, exception);
	}


	void Exceptions::throw_stack_overflow_exception(Thread* THREAD, const char* file, int line) {
	Handle exception;
	if (!THREAD->has_pending_exception()) {
	klassOop k = SystemDictionary::StackOverflowError_klass();
	oop e = instanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK);
	exception = Handle(THREAD, e); // fill_in_stack trace does gc
	if (StackTraceInThrowable) {
	java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace(exception);
	}
	} else {
	// if prior exception, throw that one instead
	exception = Handle(THREAD, THREAD->pending_exception());
	}
	_throw_oop(THREAD, file, line, exception());
	}

	void Exceptions::fthrow(Thread* thread, const char* file, int line, symbolHandle h_name, const char* format, ...) {
	const int max_msg_size = 1024;
	va_list ap;
	va_start(ap, format);
	char msg[max_msg_size];
	vsnprintf(msg, max_msg_size, format, ap);
	msg[max_msg_size-1] = '\0';
	va_end(ap);
	_throw_msg(thread, file, line, h_name, msg);
	}

	// Creates an exception oop, calls the <init> method with the given signature.
	// and returns a Handle
	// Initializes the cause if cause non-null
	Handle Exceptions::new_exception(Thread *thread, symbolHandle h_name,
	symbolHandle signature,
	JavaCallArguments *args,
	Handle h_cause, Handle h_loader,
	Handle h_protection_domain) {
	assert(Universe::is_fully_initialized(),
	"cannot be called during initialization");
	assert(thread->is_Java_thread(), "can only be called by a Java thread");
	assert(!thread->has_pending_exception(), "already has exception");

	Handle h_exception;

	// Resolve exception klass
	klassOop ik = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(h_name, h_loader, h_protection_domain, true, thread);
	instanceKlassHandle klass (thread, ik);

	if (!thread->has_pending_exception()) {
	assert(klass.not_null(), "klass must exist");
	// We are about to create an instance - so make sure that klass is initialized
	klass->initialize(thread);
	if (!thread->has_pending_exception()) {
	// Allocate new exception
	h_exception = klass->allocate_instance_handle(thread);
	if (!thread->has_pending_exception()) {
	JavaValue result(T_VOID);
	args->set_receiver(h_exception);
	// Call constructor
	JavaCalls::call_special(&result, klass,
	vmSymbolHandles::object_initializer_name(),
	signature,
	args,
	thread);

	}
	}

	// Future: object initializer should take a cause argument
	if (h_cause() != NULL) {
	assert(h_cause->is_a(SystemDictionary::throwable_klass()),
	"exception cause is not a subclass of java/lang/Throwable");
	JavaValue result1(T_OBJECT);
	JavaCallArguments args1;
	args1.set_receiver(h_exception);
	args1.push_oop(h_cause);
	JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result1, klass,
	vmSymbolHandles::initCause_name(),
	vmSymbolHandles::throwable_throwable_signature(),
	&args1,
	thread);
	}
	}

	// Check if another exception was thrown in the process, if so rethrow that one
	if (thread->has_pending_exception()) {
	h_exception = Handle(thread, thread->pending_exception());
	thread->clear_pending_exception();
	}
	return h_exception;
	}

	// Convenience method. Calls either the <init>() or <init>(String) method when
	// creating a new exception
	Handle Exceptions::new_exception(Thread* thread, symbolHandle h_name,
	const char* message, Handle h_cause,
	Handle h_loader,
	Handle h_protection_domain,
	ExceptionMsgToUtf8Mode to_utf8_safe) {
	JavaCallArguments args;
	symbolHandle signature;
	if (message == NULL) {
	signature = vmSymbolHandles::void_method_signature();
	} else {
	// We want to allocate storage, but we can't do that if there's
	// a pending exception, so we preserve any pending exception
	// around the allocation.
	// If we get an exception from the allocation, prefer that to
	// the exception we are trying to build, or the pending exception.
	// This is sort of like what PRESERVE_EXCEPTION_MARK does, except
	// for the preferencing and the early returns.
	Handle incoming_exception (thread, NULL);
	if (thread->has_pending_exception()) {
	incoming_exception = Handle(thread, thread->pending_exception());
	thread->clear_pending_exception();
	}
	Handle msg;
	if (to_utf8_safe == safe_to_utf8) {
	// Make a java UTF8 string.
	msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str(message, thread);
	} else {
	// Make a java string keeping the encoding scheme of the original string.
	msg = java_lang_String::create_from_platform_dependent_str(message, thread);
	}
	if (thread->has_pending_exception()) {
	Handle exception(thread, thread->pending_exception());
	thread->clear_pending_exception();
	return exception;
	}
	if (incoming_exception.not_null()) {
	return incoming_exception;
	}
	args.push_oop(msg);
	signature = vmSymbolHandles::string_void_signature();
	}
	return new_exception(thread, h_name, signature, &args, h_cause, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
	}

	// Another convenience method that creates handles for null class loaders and
	// protection domains and null causes.
	// If the last parameter 'to_utf8_mode' is safe_to_utf8,
	// it means we can safely ignore the encoding scheme of the message string and
	// convert it directly to a java UTF8 string. Otherwise, we need to take the
	// encoding scheme of the string into account. One thing we should do at some
	// point is to push this flag down to class java_lang_String since other
	// classes may need similar functionalities.
	Handle Exceptions::new_exception(Thread* thread,
	symbolOop name,
	const char* message,
	ExceptionMsgToUtf8Mode to_utf8_safe) {

	symbolHandle h_name(thread, name);
	Handle h_loader(thread, NULL);
	Handle h_prot(thread, NULL);
	Handle h_cause(thread, NULL);
	return Exceptions::new_exception(thread, h_name, message, h_cause, h_loader,
	h_prot, to_utf8_safe);
	}

	// Implementation of ExceptionMark

	ExceptionMark::ExceptionMark(Thread*& thread) {
	thread = Thread::current();
	_thread = thread;
	if (_thread->has_pending_exception()) {
	oop exception = _thread->pending_exception();
	_thread->clear_pending_exception(); // Needed to avoid infinite recursion
	exception->print();
	fatal("ExceptionMark constructor expects no pending exceptions");
	}
	}


	ExceptionMark::~ExceptionMark() {
	if (_thread->has_pending_exception()) {
	Handle exception(_thread, _thread->pending_exception());
	_thread->clear_pending_exception(); // Needed to avoid infinite recursion
	if (is_init_completed()) {
	exception->print();
	fatal("ExceptionMark destructor expects no pending exceptions");
	} else {
	vm_exit_during_initialization(exception);
	}
	}
	}

	// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	#ifndef PRODUCT
	// caller frees value_string if necessary
	void Exceptions::debug_check_abort(const char *value_string) {
	if (AbortVMOnException != NULL && value_string != NULL &&
	strstr(value_string, AbortVMOnException)) {
	fatal1("Saw %s, aborting", value_string);
	}
	}

	void Exceptions::debug_check_abort(Handle exception) {
	if (AbortVMOnException != NULL) {
	ResourceMark rm;
	debug_check_abort(instanceKlass::cast(exception()->klass())->external_name());
	}
	}
	#endif