jaxws/src/jdk.xml.bind/share/classes/com/sun/tools/internal/xjc/reader/internalizer/Internalizer.java - platform/libcore - Git at Google

 /*
  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  *
  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  * accompanied this code).
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  *
  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  * questions.
  */

 package com.sun.tools.internal.xjc.reader.internalizer;

 import java.net.MalformedURLException;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.text.ParseException;

 import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;
 import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;
 import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;
 import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;

 import com.sun.istack.internal.SAXParseException2;
 import com.sun.istack.internal.NotNull;
 import com.sun.istack.internal.Nullable;
 import com.sun.tools.internal.xjc.ErrorReceiver;
 import com.sun.tools.internal.xjc.reader.Const;
 import com.sun.tools.internal.xjc.util.DOMUtils;
 import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.util.EditDistance;
 import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.util.XmlFactory;
 import com.sun.xml.internal.xsom.SCD;
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.logging.Level;
 import java.util.logging.Logger;
 import javax.xml.XMLConstants;

 import org.w3c.dom.Attr;
 import org.w3c.dom.Document;
 import org.w3c.dom.Element;
 import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
 import org.w3c.dom.Node;
 import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;

 /**
  * Internalizes external binding declarations.
  *
  * <p>
  * The {@link #transform(DOMForest,boolean)} method is the entry point.
  *
  * @author
  *     Kohsuke Kawaguchi (kohsuke.kawaguchi@sun.com)
  */
 class Internalizer {

     private static final String WSDL_NS = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/";

     private final XPath xpath;

     /**
      * Internalize all {@code <jaxb:bindings>} customizations in the given forest.
      *
      * @return
      *      if the SCD support is enabled, the return bindings need to be applied
      *      after schema components are parsed.
      *      If disabled, the returned binding set will be empty.
      *      SCDs are only for XML Schema, and doesn't make any sense for other
      *      schema languages.
      */
     static SCDBasedBindingSet transform( DOMForest forest, boolean enableSCD, boolean disableSecureProcessing ) {
         return new Internalizer(forest, enableSCD, disableSecureProcessing).transform();
     }


     private Internalizer(DOMForest forest, boolean enableSCD, boolean disableSecureProcessing) {
         this.errorHandler = forest.getErrorHandler();
         this.forest = forest;
         this.enableSCD = enableSCD;
         xpath = XmlFactory.createXPathFactory(disableSecureProcessing).newXPath();
     }

     /**
      * DOMForest object currently being processed.
      */
     private final DOMForest forest;

     /**
      * All errors found during the transformation is sent to this object.
      */
     private ErrorReceiver errorHandler;

     /**
      * If true, the SCD-based target selection is supported.
      */
     private boolean enableSCD;


     private SCDBasedBindingSet transform() {

         // either target nodes are conventional DOM nodes (as per spec),
         Map<Element,List<Node>> targetNodes = new HashMap<Element,List<Node>>();
         // ... or it will be schema components by means of SCD (RI extension)
         SCDBasedBindingSet scd = new SCDBasedBindingSet(forest);

         //
         // identify target nodes for all <jaxb:bindings>
         //
         for (Element jaxbBindings : forest.outerMostBindings) {
             // initially, the inherited context is itself
             buildTargetNodeMap(jaxbBindings, jaxbBindings, null, targetNodes, scd);
         }

         //
         // then move them to their respective positions.
         //
         for (Element jaxbBindings : forest.outerMostBindings) {
             move(jaxbBindings, targetNodes);
         }

         return scd;
     }

     /**
      * Determines the target node of the "bindings" element
      * by using the inherited target node, then put
      * the result into the "result" map and the "scd" map.
      *
      * @param inheritedTarget
      *      The current target node. This always exists, even if
      *      the user starts specifying targets via SCD (in that case
      *      this inherited target is just not going to be used.)
      * @param inheritedSCD
      *      If the ancestor {@code <bindings>} node specifies @scd to
      *      specify the target via SCD, then this parameter represents that context.
      */
     private void buildTargetNodeMap( Element bindings, @NotNull Node inheritedTarget,
                                      @Nullable SCDBasedBindingSet.Target inheritedSCD,
                                      Map<Element,List<Node>> result, SCDBasedBindingSet scdResult ) {
         // start by the inherited target
         Node target = inheritedTarget;
         ArrayList<Node> targetMultiple = null;

         // validate this node ?
         // validate(bindings);

         boolean required = true;
         boolean multiple = false;

         if(bindings.getAttribute("required") != null) {
             String requiredAttr = bindings.getAttribute("required");

             if(requiredAttr.equals("no") || requiredAttr.equals("false") || requiredAttr.equals("0"))
                 required = false;
         }

         if(bindings.getAttribute("multiple") != null) {
             String requiredAttr = bindings.getAttribute("multiple");

             if(requiredAttr.equals("yes") || requiredAttr.equals("true") || requiredAttr.equals("1"))
                 multiple = true;
         }


         // look for @schemaLocation
         if( bindings.getAttributeNode("schemaLocation")!=null ) {
             String schemaLocation = bindings.getAttribute("schemaLocation");

             // enhancement - schemaLocation="*" = bind to all schemas..
             if(schemaLocation.equals("*")) {
                 for(String systemId : forest.listSystemIDs()) {
                     if (result.get(bindings) == null)
                         result.put(bindings, new ArrayList<Node>());
                     result.get(bindings).add(forest.get(systemId).getDocumentElement());

                     Element[] children = DOMUtils.getChildElements(bindings, Const.JAXB_NSURI, "bindings");
                     for (Element value : children)
                         buildTargetNodeMap(value, forest.get(systemId).getDocumentElement(), inheritedSCD, result, scdResult);
                 }
                 return;
             } else {
                 try {
                     // TODO: use the URI class
                     // TODO: honor xml:base
                     URL loc = new URL(
                                 new URL(forest.getSystemId(bindings.getOwnerDocument())), schemaLocation
                               );
                     schemaLocation = loc.toExternalForm();
                     target = forest.get(schemaLocation);
                     if ((target == null) && (loc.getProtocol().startsWith("file"))) {
                         File f = new File(loc.getFile());
                         schemaLocation = new File(f.getCanonicalPath()).toURI().toString();
                     }
                 } catch( MalformedURLException e ) {
                 } catch( IOException e ) {
                     Logger.getLogger(Internalizer.class.getName()).log(Level.FINEST, e.getLocalizedMessage());
                 }

                 target = forest.get(schemaLocation);
                 if(target==null) {
                     reportError( bindings,
                         Messages.format(Messages.ERR_INCORRECT_SCHEMA_REFERENCE,
                             schemaLocation,
                             EditDistance.findNearest(schemaLocation,forest.listSystemIDs())));

                     return; // abort processing this <jaxb:bindings>
                 }

                 target = ((Document)target).getDocumentElement();
             }
         }

         // look for @node
         if( bindings.getAttributeNode("node")!=null ) {
             String nodeXPath = bindings.getAttribute("node");

             // evaluate this XPath
             NodeList nlst;
             try {
                 xpath.setNamespaceContext(new NamespaceContextImpl(bindings));
                 nlst = (NodeList)xpath.evaluate(nodeXPath,target,XPathConstants.NODESET);
             } catch (XPathExpressionException e) {
                 if(required) {
                     reportError( bindings,
                         Messages.format(Messages.ERR_XPATH_EVAL,e.getMessage()), e );
                     return; // abort processing this <jaxb:bindings>
                 } else {
                     return;
                 }
             }

             if( nlst.getLength()==0 ) {
                 if(required)
                     reportError( bindings,
                         Messages.format(Messages.NO_XPATH_EVAL_TO_NO_TARGET, nodeXPath) );
                 return; // abort
             }

             if( nlst.getLength()!=1 ) {
                 if(!multiple) {
                     reportError( bindings,
                         Messages.format(Messages.NO_XPATH_EVAL_TOO_MANY_TARGETS, nodeXPath,nlst.getLength()) );

                     return; // abort
                 } else {
                     if(targetMultiple == null) targetMultiple = new ArrayList<Node>();
                     for(int i = 0; i < nlst.getLength(); i++) {
                         targetMultiple.add(nlst.item(i));
                     }
                 }
             }

             // check
             if(!multiple || nlst.getLength() == 1) {
                 Node rnode = nlst.item(0);
                 if (!(rnode instanceof Element)) {
                     reportError(bindings,
                             Messages.format(Messages.NO_XPATH_EVAL_TO_NON_ELEMENT, nodeXPath));
                     return; // abort
                 }

                 if (!forest.logic.checkIfValidTargetNode(forest, bindings, (Element) rnode)) {
                     reportError(bindings,
                             Messages.format(Messages.XPATH_EVAL_TO_NON_SCHEMA_ELEMENT,
                             nodeXPath, rnode.getNodeName()));
                     return; // abort
                 }

                 target = rnode;
             } else {
                 for(Node rnode : targetMultiple) {
                     if (!(rnode instanceof Element)) {
                         reportError(bindings,
                                 Messages.format(Messages.NO_XPATH_EVAL_TO_NON_ELEMENT, nodeXPath));
                         return; // abort
                     }

                     if (!forest.logic.checkIfValidTargetNode(forest, bindings, (Element) rnode)) {
                         reportError(bindings,
                                 Messages.format(Messages.XPATH_EVAL_TO_NON_SCHEMA_ELEMENT,
                                 nodeXPath, rnode.getNodeName()));
                         return; // abort
                     }
                 }
             }
         }

         // look for @scd
         if( bindings.getAttributeNode("scd")!=null ) {
             String scdPath = bindings.getAttribute("scd");
             if(!enableSCD) {
                 // SCD selector was found, but it's not activated. report an error
                 // but recover by handling it anyway. this also avoids repeated error messages.
                 reportError(bindings,
                     Messages.format(Messages.SCD_NOT_ENABLED));
                 enableSCD = true;
             }

             try {
                 inheritedSCD = scdResult.createNewTarget( inheritedSCD, bindings,
                         SCD.create(scdPath, new NamespaceContextImpl(bindings)) );
             } catch (ParseException e) {
                 reportError( bindings, Messages.format(Messages.ERR_SCD_EVAL,e.getMessage()),e );
                 return; // abort processing this bindings
             }
         }

         // update the result map
         if (inheritedSCD != null) {
             inheritedSCD.addBinidng(bindings);
         } else if (!multiple || targetMultiple == null) {
             if (result.get(bindings) == null)
                 result.put(bindings, new ArrayList<Node>());
             result.get(bindings).add(target);
         } else {
             for (Node rnode : targetMultiple) {
                 if (result.get(bindings) == null)
                     result.put(bindings, new ArrayList<Node>());

                 result.get(bindings).add(rnode);
             }

         }


         // look for child <jaxb:bindings> and process them recursively
         Element[] children = DOMUtils.getChildElements( bindings, Const.JAXB_NSURI, "bindings" );
         for (Element value : children)
             if(!multiple || targetMultiple == null)
                 buildTargetNodeMap(value, target, inheritedSCD, result, scdResult);
             else {
                 for(Node rnode : targetMultiple) {
                     buildTargetNodeMap(value, rnode, inheritedSCD, result, scdResult);
                 }
             }
     }

     /**
      * Moves JAXB customizations under their respective target nodes.
      */
     private void move(Element bindings, Map<Element, List<Node>> targetNodes) {
         List<Node> nodelist = targetNodes.get(bindings);

         if(nodelist == null) {
                 return; // abort
         }

         for (Node target : nodelist) {
             if (target == null) // this must be the result of an error on the external binding.
             // recover from the error by ignoring this node
             {
                 return;
             }

             for (Element item : DOMUtils.getChildElements(bindings)) {
                 String localName = item.getLocalName();

                 if ("bindings".equals(localName)) {
                     // process child <jaxb:bindings> recursively
                     move(item, targetNodes);
                 } else if ("globalBindings".equals(localName)) {
                         // <jaxb:globalBindings> always go to the root of document.
                     Element root = forest.getOneDocument().getDocumentElement();
                     if (root.getNamespaceURI().equals(WSDL_NS)) {
                         NodeList elements = root.getElementsByTagNameNS(XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI, "schema");
                         if ((elements == null) || (elements.getLength() < 1)) {
                             reportError(item, Messages.format(Messages.ORPHANED_CUSTOMIZATION, item.getNodeName()));
                             return;
                         } else {
                             moveUnder(item, (Element)elements.item(0));
                         }
                     } else {
                         moveUnder(item, root);
                     }
                 } else {
                     if (!(target instanceof Element)) {
                         reportError(item,
                                 Messages.format(Messages.CONTEXT_NODE_IS_NOT_ELEMENT));
                         return; // abort
                     }

                     if (!forest.logic.checkIfValidTargetNode(forest, item, (Element) target)) {
                         reportError(item,
                                 Messages.format(Messages.ORPHANED_CUSTOMIZATION, item.getNodeName()));
                         return; // abort
                     }

                     // move this node under the target
                     moveUnder(item, (Element) target);
                 }
             }
         }
     }

     /**
      * Moves the "decl" node under the "target" node.
      *
      * @param decl
      *      A JAXB customization element (e.g., {@code <jaxb:class>})
      *
      * @param target
      *      XML Schema element under which the declaration should move.
      *      For example, {@code <xs:element>}
      */
     private void moveUnder( Element decl, Element target ) {
         Element realTarget = forest.logic.refineTarget(target);

         declExtensionNamespace( decl, target );

         // copy in-scope namespace declarations of the decl node
         // to the decl node itself so that this move won't change
         // the in-scope namespace bindings.
         Element p = decl;
         Set<String> inscopes = new HashSet<String>();
         while(true) {
             NamedNodeMap atts = p.getAttributes();
             for( int i=0; i<atts.getLength(); i++ ) {
                 Attr a = (Attr)atts.item(i);
                 if( Const.XMLNS_URI.equals(a.getNamespaceURI()) ) {
                     String prefix;
                     if( a.getName().indexOf(':')==-1 )  prefix = "";
                     else                                prefix = a.getLocalName();

                     if( inscopes.add(prefix) && p!=decl ) {
                         // if this is the first time we see this namespace bindings,
                         // copy the declaration.
                         // if p==decl, there's no need to. Note that
                         // we want to add prefix to inscopes even if p==Decl

                         decl.setAttributeNodeNS( (Attr)a.cloneNode(true) );
                     }
                 }
             }

             if( p.getParentNode() instanceof Document )
                 break;

             p = (Element)p.getParentNode();
         }

         if( !inscopes.contains("") ) {
             // if the default namespace was undeclared in the context of decl,
             // it must be explicitly set to "" since the new environment might
             // have a different default namespace URI.
             decl.setAttributeNS(Const.XMLNS_URI,"xmlns","");
         }


         // finally move the declaration to the target node.
         if( realTarget.getOwnerDocument()!=decl.getOwnerDocument() ) {
             // if they belong to different DOM documents, we need to clone them
             Element original = decl;
             decl = (Element)realTarget.getOwnerDocument().importNode(decl,true);

             // this effectively clones a ndoe,, so we need to copy locators.
             copyLocators( original, decl );
         }

         realTarget.appendChild( decl );
     }

     /**
      * Recursively visits sub-elements and declare all used namespaces.
      * TODO: the fact that we recognize all namespaces in the extension
      * is a bad design.
      */
     private void declExtensionNamespace(Element decl, Element target) {
         // if this comes from external namespaces, add the namespace to
         // @extensionBindingPrefixes.
         if( !Const.JAXB_NSURI.equals(decl.getNamespaceURI()) )
             declareExtensionNamespace( target, decl.getNamespaceURI() );

         NodeList lst = decl.getChildNodes();
         for( int i=0; i<lst.getLength(); i++ ) {
             Node n = lst.item(i);
             if( n instanceof Element )
                 declExtensionNamespace( (Element)n, target );
         }
     }


     /** Attribute name. */
     private static final String EXTENSION_PREFIXES = "extensionBindingPrefixes";

     /**
      * Adds the specified namespace URI to the jaxb:extensionBindingPrefixes
      * attribute of the target document.
      */
     private void declareExtensionNamespace( Element target, String nsUri ) {
         // look for the attribute
         Element root = target.getOwnerDocument().getDocumentElement();
         Attr att = root.getAttributeNodeNS(Const.JAXB_NSURI,EXTENSION_PREFIXES);
         if( att==null ) {
             String jaxbPrefix = allocatePrefix(root,Const.JAXB_NSURI);
             // no such attribute. Create one.
             att = target.getOwnerDocument().createAttributeNS(
                 Const.JAXB_NSURI,jaxbPrefix+':'+EXTENSION_PREFIXES);
             root.setAttributeNodeNS(att);
         }

         String prefix = allocatePrefix(root,nsUri);
         if( att.getValue().indexOf(prefix)==-1 )
             // avoid redeclaring the same namespace twice.
             att.setValue( att.getValue()+' '+prefix);
     }

     /**
      * Declares a new prefix on the given element and associates it
      * with the specified namespace URI.
      * <p>
      * Note that this method doesn't use the default namespace
      * even if it can.
      */
     private String allocatePrefix( Element e, String nsUri ) {
         // look for existing namespaces.
         NamedNodeMap atts = e.getAttributes();
         for( int i=0; i<atts.getLength(); i++ ) {
             Attr a = (Attr)atts.item(i);
             if( Const.XMLNS_URI.equals(a.getNamespaceURI()) ) {
                 if( a.getName().indexOf(':')==-1 )  continue;

                 if( a.getValue().equals(nsUri) )
                     return a.getLocalName();    // found one
             }
         }

         // none found. allocate new.
         while(true) {
             String prefix = "p"+(int)(Math.random()*1000000)+'_';
             if(e.getAttributeNodeNS(Const.XMLNS_URI,prefix)!=null)
                 continue;   // this prefix is already allocated.

             e.setAttributeNS(Const.XMLNS_URI,"xmlns:"+prefix,nsUri);
             return prefix;
         }
     }


     /**
      * Copies location information attached to the "src" node to the "dst" node.
      */
     private void copyLocators( Element src, Element dst ) {
         forest.locatorTable.storeStartLocation(
             dst, forest.locatorTable.getStartLocation(src) );
         forest.locatorTable.storeEndLocation(
             dst, forest.locatorTable.getEndLocation(src) );

         // recursively process child elements
         Element[] srcChilds = DOMUtils.getChildElements(src);
         Element[] dstChilds = DOMUtils.getChildElements(dst);

         for( int i=0; i<srcChilds.length; i++ )
             copyLocators( srcChilds[i], dstChilds[i] );
     }


     private void reportError( Element errorSource, String formattedMsg ) {
         reportError( errorSource, formattedMsg, null );
     }

     private void reportError( Element errorSource,
         String formattedMsg, Exception nestedException ) {

         SAXParseException e = new SAXParseException2( formattedMsg,
             forest.locatorTable.getStartLocation(errorSource),
             nestedException );
         errorHandler.error(e);
     }
 }
	/*
	* Copyright (c) 1997, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
	* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
	*
	* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
	* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
	* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
	* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
	* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
	*
	* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
	* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
	* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
	* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
	* accompanied this code).
	*
	* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
	* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
	* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
	*
	* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
	* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
	* questions.
	*/

	package com.sun.tools.internal.xjc.reader.internalizer;

	import java.net.MalformedURLException;
	import java.net.URL;
	import java.util.ArrayList;
	import java.util.HashMap;
	import java.util.HashSet;
	import java.util.List;
	import java.util.Map;
	import java.util.Set;
	import java.text.ParseException;

	import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;
	import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;
	import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;
	import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;

	import com.sun.istack.internal.SAXParseException2;
	import com.sun.istack.internal.NotNull;
	import com.sun.istack.internal.Nullable;
	import com.sun.tools.internal.xjc.ErrorReceiver;
	import com.sun.tools.internal.xjc.reader.Const;
	import com.sun.tools.internal.xjc.util.DOMUtils;
	import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.util.EditDistance;
	import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.util.XmlFactory;
	import com.sun.xml.internal.xsom.SCD;
	import java.io.File;
	import java.io.IOException;
	import java.util.logging.Level;
	import java.util.logging.Logger;
	import javax.xml.XMLConstants;

	import org.w3c.dom.Attr;
	import org.w3c.dom.Document;
	import org.w3c.dom.Element;
	import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
	import org.w3c.dom.Node;
	import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
	import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;

	/**
	* Internalizes external binding declarations.
	*
	* <p>
	* The {@link #transform(DOMForest,boolean)} method is the entry point.
	*
	* @author
	* Kohsuke Kawaguchi (kohsuke.kawaguchi@sun.com)
	*/
	class Internalizer {

	private static final String WSDL_NS = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/";

	private final XPath xpath;

	/**
	* Internalize all {@code <jaxb:bindings>} customizations in the given forest.
	*
	* @return
	* if the SCD support is enabled, the return bindings need to be applied
	* after schema components are parsed.
	* If disabled, the returned binding set will be empty.
	* SCDs are only for XML Schema, and doesn't make any sense for other
	* schema languages.
	*/
	static SCDBasedBindingSet transform( DOMForest forest, boolean enableSCD, boolean disableSecureProcessing ) {
	return new Internalizer(forest, enableSCD, disableSecureProcessing).transform();
	}


	private Internalizer(DOMForest forest, boolean enableSCD, boolean disableSecureProcessing) {
	this.errorHandler = forest.getErrorHandler();
	this.forest = forest;
	this.enableSCD = enableSCD;
	xpath = XmlFactory.createXPathFactory(disableSecureProcessing).newXPath();
	}

	/**
	* DOMForest object currently being processed.
	*/
	private final DOMForest forest;

	/**
	* All errors found during the transformation is sent to this object.
	*/
	private ErrorReceiver errorHandler;

	/**
	* If true, the SCD-based target selection is supported.
	*/
	private boolean enableSCD;


	private SCDBasedBindingSet transform() {

	// either target nodes are conventional DOM nodes (as per spec),
	Map<Element,List<Node>> targetNodes = new HashMap<Element,List<Node>>();
	// ... or it will be schema components by means of SCD (RI extension)
	SCDBasedBindingSet scd = new SCDBasedBindingSet(forest);

	//
	// identify target nodes for all <jaxb:bindings>
	//
	for (Element jaxbBindings : forest.outerMostBindings) {
	// initially, the inherited context is itself
	buildTargetNodeMap(jaxbBindings, jaxbBindings, null, targetNodes, scd);
	}

	//
	// then move them to their respective positions.
	//
	for (Element jaxbBindings : forest.outerMostBindings) {
	move(jaxbBindings, targetNodes);
	}

	return scd;
	}

	/**
	* Determines the target node of the "bindings" element
	* by using the inherited target node, then put
	* the result into the "result" map and the "scd" map.
	*
	* @param inheritedTarget
	* The current target node. This always exists, even if
	* the user starts specifying targets via SCD (in that case
	* this inherited target is just not going to be used.)
	* @param inheritedSCD
	* If the ancestor {@code <bindings>} node specifies @scd to
	* specify the target via SCD, then this parameter represents that context.
	*/
	private void buildTargetNodeMap( Element bindings, @NotNull Node inheritedTarget,
	@Nullable SCDBasedBindingSet.Target inheritedSCD,
	Map<Element,List<Node>> result, SCDBasedBindingSet scdResult ) {
	// start by the inherited target
	Node target = inheritedTarget;
	ArrayList<Node> targetMultiple = null;

	// validate this node ?
	// validate(bindings);

	boolean required = true;
	boolean multiple = false;

	if(bindings.getAttribute("required") != null) {
	String requiredAttr = bindings.getAttribute("required");

	if(requiredAttr.equals("no") \|\| requiredAttr.equals("false") \|\| requiredAttr.equals("0"))
	required = false;
	}

	if(bindings.getAttribute("multiple") != null) {
	String requiredAttr = bindings.getAttribute("multiple");

	if(requiredAttr.equals("yes") \|\| requiredAttr.equals("true") \|\| requiredAttr.equals("1"))
	multiple = true;
	}


	// look for @schemaLocation
	if( bindings.getAttributeNode("schemaLocation")!=null ) {
	String schemaLocation = bindings.getAttribute("schemaLocation");

	// enhancement - schemaLocation="*" = bind to all schemas..
	if(schemaLocation.equals("*")) {
	for(String systemId : forest.listSystemIDs()) {
	if (result.get(bindings) == null)
	result.put(bindings, new ArrayList<Node>());
	result.get(bindings).add(forest.get(systemId).getDocumentElement());

	Element[] children = DOMUtils.getChildElements(bindings, Const.JAXB_NSURI, "bindings");
	for (Element value : children)
	buildTargetNodeMap(value, forest.get(systemId).getDocumentElement(), inheritedSCD, result, scdResult);
	}
	return;
	} else {
	try {
	// TODO: use the URI class
	// TODO: honor xml:base
	URL loc = new URL(
	new URL(forest.getSystemId(bindings.getOwnerDocument())), schemaLocation
	);
	schemaLocation = loc.toExternalForm();
	target = forest.get(schemaLocation);
	if ((target == null) && (loc.getProtocol().startsWith("file"))) {
	File f = new File(loc.getFile());
	schemaLocation = new File(f.getCanonicalPath()).toURI().toString();
	}
	} catch( MalformedURLException e ) {
	} catch( IOException e ) {
	Logger.getLogger(Internalizer.class.getName()).log(Level.FINEST, e.getLocalizedMessage());
	}

	target = forest.get(schemaLocation);
	if(target==null) {
	reportError( bindings,
	Messages.format(Messages.ERR_INCORRECT_SCHEMA_REFERENCE,
	schemaLocation,
	EditDistance.findNearest(schemaLocation,forest.listSystemIDs())));

	return; // abort processing this <jaxb:bindings>
	}

	target = ((Document)target).getDocumentElement();
	}
	}

	// look for @node
	if( bindings.getAttributeNode("node")!=null ) {
	String nodeXPath = bindings.getAttribute("node");

	// evaluate this XPath
	NodeList nlst;
	try {
	xpath.setNamespaceContext(new NamespaceContextImpl(bindings));
	nlst = (NodeList)xpath.evaluate(nodeXPath,target,XPathConstants.NODESET);
	} catch (XPathExpressionException e) {
	if(required) {
	reportError( bindings,
	Messages.format(Messages.ERR_XPATH_EVAL,e.getMessage()), e );
	return; // abort processing this <jaxb:bindings>
	} else {
	return;
	}
	}

	if( nlst.getLength()==0 ) {
	if(required)
	reportError( bindings,
	Messages.format(Messages.NO_XPATH_EVAL_TO_NO_TARGET, nodeXPath) );
	return; // abort
	}

	if( nlst.getLength()!=1 ) {
	if(!multiple) {
	reportError( bindings,
	Messages.format(Messages.NO_XPATH_EVAL_TOO_MANY_TARGETS, nodeXPath,nlst.getLength()) );

	return; // abort
	} else {
	if(targetMultiple == null) targetMultiple = new ArrayList<Node>();
	for(int i = 0; i < nlst.getLength(); i++) {
	targetMultiple.add(nlst.item(i));
	}
	}
	}

	// check
	if(!multiple \|\| nlst.getLength() == 1) {
	Node rnode = nlst.item(0);
	if (!(rnode instanceof Element)) {
	reportError(bindings,
	Messages.format(Messages.NO_XPATH_EVAL_TO_NON_ELEMENT, nodeXPath));
	return; // abort
	}

	if (!forest.logic.checkIfValidTargetNode(forest, bindings, (Element) rnode)) {
	reportError(bindings,
	Messages.format(Messages.XPATH_EVAL_TO_NON_SCHEMA_ELEMENT,
	nodeXPath, rnode.getNodeName()));
	return; // abort
	}

	target = rnode;
	} else {
	for(Node rnode : targetMultiple) {
	if (!(rnode instanceof Element)) {
	reportError(bindings,
	Messages.format(Messages.NO_XPATH_EVAL_TO_NON_ELEMENT, nodeXPath));
	return; // abort
	}

	if (!forest.logic.checkIfValidTargetNode(forest, bindings, (Element) rnode)) {
	reportError(bindings,
	Messages.format(Messages.XPATH_EVAL_TO_NON_SCHEMA_ELEMENT,
	nodeXPath, rnode.getNodeName()));
	return; // abort
	}
	}
	}
	}

	// look for @scd
	if( bindings.getAttributeNode("scd")!=null ) {
	String scdPath = bindings.getAttribute("scd");
	if(!enableSCD) {
	// SCD selector was found, but it's not activated. report an error
	// but recover by handling it anyway. this also avoids repeated error messages.
	reportError(bindings,
	Messages.format(Messages.SCD_NOT_ENABLED));
	enableSCD = true;
	}

	try {
	inheritedSCD = scdResult.createNewTarget( inheritedSCD, bindings,
	SCD.create(scdPath, new NamespaceContextImpl(bindings)) );
	} catch (ParseException e) {
	reportError( bindings, Messages.format(Messages.ERR_SCD_EVAL,e.getMessage()),e );
	return; // abort processing this bindings
	}
	}

	// update the result map
	if (inheritedSCD != null) {
	inheritedSCD.addBinidng(bindings);
	} else if (!multiple \|\| targetMultiple == null) {
	if (result.get(bindings) == null)
	result.put(bindings, new ArrayList<Node>());
	result.get(bindings).add(target);
	} else {
	for (Node rnode : targetMultiple) {
	if (result.get(bindings) == null)
	result.put(bindings, new ArrayList<Node>());

	result.get(bindings).add(rnode);
	}

	}


	// look for child <jaxb:bindings> and process them recursively
	Element[] children = DOMUtils.getChildElements( bindings, Const.JAXB_NSURI, "bindings" );
	for (Element value : children)
	if(!multiple \|\| targetMultiple == null)
	buildTargetNodeMap(value, target, inheritedSCD, result, scdResult);
	else {
	for(Node rnode : targetMultiple) {
	buildTargetNodeMap(value, rnode, inheritedSCD, result, scdResult);
	}
	}
	}

	/**
	* Moves JAXB customizations under their respective target nodes.
	*/
	private void move(Element bindings, Map<Element, List<Node>> targetNodes) {
	List<Node> nodelist = targetNodes.get(bindings);

	if(nodelist == null) {
	return; // abort
	}

	for (Node target : nodelist) {
	if (target == null) // this must be the result of an error on the external binding.
	// recover from the error by ignoring this node
	{
	return;
	}

	for (Element item : DOMUtils.getChildElements(bindings)) {
	String localName = item.getLocalName();

	if ("bindings".equals(localName)) {
	// process child <jaxb:bindings> recursively
	move(item, targetNodes);
	} else if ("globalBindings".equals(localName)) {
	// <jaxb:globalBindings> always go to the root of document.
	Element root = forest.getOneDocument().getDocumentElement();
	if (root.getNamespaceURI().equals(WSDL_NS)) {
	NodeList elements = root.getElementsByTagNameNS(XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI, "schema");
	if ((elements == null) \|\| (elements.getLength() < 1)) {
	reportError(item, Messages.format(Messages.ORPHANED_CUSTOMIZATION, item.getNodeName()));
	return;
	} else {
	moveUnder(item, (Element)elements.item(0));
	}
	} else {
	moveUnder(item, root);
	}
	} else {
	if (!(target instanceof Element)) {
	reportError(item,
	Messages.format(Messages.CONTEXT_NODE_IS_NOT_ELEMENT));
	return; // abort
	}

	if (!forest.logic.checkIfValidTargetNode(forest, item, (Element) target)) {
	reportError(item,
	Messages.format(Messages.ORPHANED_CUSTOMIZATION, item.getNodeName()));
	return; // abort
	}

	// move this node under the target
	moveUnder(item, (Element) target);
	}
	}
	}
	}

	/**
	* Moves the "decl" node under the "target" node.
	*
	* @param decl
	* A JAXB customization element (e.g., {@code <jaxb:class>})
	*
	* @param target
	* XML Schema element under which the declaration should move.
	* For example, {@code <xs:element>}
	*/
	private void moveUnder( Element decl, Element target ) {
	Element realTarget = forest.logic.refineTarget(target);

	declExtensionNamespace( decl, target );

	// copy in-scope namespace declarations of the decl node
	// to the decl node itself so that this move won't change
	// the in-scope namespace bindings.
	Element p = decl;
	Set<String> inscopes = new HashSet<String>();
	while(true) {
	NamedNodeMap atts = p.getAttributes();
	for( int i=0; i<atts.getLength(); i++ ) {
	Attr a = (Attr)atts.item(i);
	if( Const.XMLNS_URI.equals(a.getNamespaceURI()) ) {
	String prefix;
	if( a.getName().indexOf(':')==-1 ) prefix = "";
	else prefix = a.getLocalName();

	if( inscopes.add(prefix) && p!=decl ) {
	// if this is the first time we see this namespace bindings,
	// copy the declaration.
	// if p==decl, there's no need to. Note that
	// we want to add prefix to inscopes even if p==Decl

	decl.setAttributeNodeNS( (Attr)a.cloneNode(true) );
	}
	}
	}

	if( p.getParentNode() instanceof Document )
	break;

	p = (Element)p.getParentNode();
	}

	if( !inscopes.contains("") ) {
	// if the default namespace was undeclared in the context of decl,
	// it must be explicitly set to "" since the new environment might
	// have a different default namespace URI.
	decl.setAttributeNS(Const.XMLNS_URI,"xmlns","");
	}


	// finally move the declaration to the target node.
	if( realTarget.getOwnerDocument()!=decl.getOwnerDocument() ) {
	// if they belong to different DOM documents, we need to clone them
	Element original = decl;
	decl = (Element)realTarget.getOwnerDocument().importNode(decl,true);

	// this effectively clones a ndoe,, so we need to copy locators.
	copyLocators( original, decl );
	}

	realTarget.appendChild( decl );
	}

	/**
	* Recursively visits sub-elements and declare all used namespaces.
	* TODO: the fact that we recognize all namespaces in the extension
	* is a bad design.
	*/
	private void declExtensionNamespace(Element decl, Element target) {
	// if this comes from external namespaces, add the namespace to
	// @extensionBindingPrefixes.
	if( !Const.JAXB_NSURI.equals(decl.getNamespaceURI()) )
	declareExtensionNamespace( target, decl.getNamespaceURI() );

	NodeList lst = decl.getChildNodes();
	for( int i=0; i<lst.getLength(); i++ ) {
	Node n = lst.item(i);
	if( n instanceof Element )
	declExtensionNamespace( (Element)n, target );
	}
	}


	/** Attribute name. */
	private static final String EXTENSION_PREFIXES = "extensionBindingPrefixes";

	/**
	* Adds the specified namespace URI to the jaxb:extensionBindingPrefixes
	* attribute of the target document.
	*/
	private void declareExtensionNamespace( Element target, String nsUri ) {
	// look for the attribute
	Element root = target.getOwnerDocument().getDocumentElement();
	Attr att = root.getAttributeNodeNS(Const.JAXB_NSURI,EXTENSION_PREFIXES);
	if( att==null ) {
	String jaxbPrefix = allocatePrefix(root,Const.JAXB_NSURI);
	// no such attribute. Create one.
	att = target.getOwnerDocument().createAttributeNS(
	Const.JAXB_NSURI,jaxbPrefix+':'+EXTENSION_PREFIXES);
	root.setAttributeNodeNS(att);
	}

	String prefix = allocatePrefix(root,nsUri);
	if( att.getValue().indexOf(prefix)==-1 )
	// avoid redeclaring the same namespace twice.
	att.setValue( att.getValue()+' '+prefix);
	}

	/**
	* Declares a new prefix on the given element and associates it
	* with the specified namespace URI.
	* <p>
	* Note that this method doesn't use the default namespace
	* even if it can.
	*/
	private String allocatePrefix( Element e, String nsUri ) {
	// look for existing namespaces.
	NamedNodeMap atts = e.getAttributes();
	for( int i=0; i<atts.getLength(); i++ ) {
	Attr a = (Attr)atts.item(i);
	if( Const.XMLNS_URI.equals(a.getNamespaceURI()) ) {
	if( a.getName().indexOf(':')==-1 ) continue;

	if( a.getValue().equals(nsUri) )
	return a.getLocalName(); // found one
	}
	}

	// none found. allocate new.
	while(true) {
	String prefix = "p"+(int)(Math.random()*1000000)+'_';
	if(e.getAttributeNodeNS(Const.XMLNS_URI,prefix)!=null)
	continue; // this prefix is already allocated.

	e.setAttributeNS(Const.XMLNS_URI,"xmlns:"+prefix,nsUri);
	return prefix;
	}
	}


	/**
	* Copies location information attached to the "src" node to the "dst" node.
	*/
	private void copyLocators( Element src, Element dst ) {
	forest.locatorTable.storeStartLocation(
	dst, forest.locatorTable.getStartLocation(src) );
	forest.locatorTable.storeEndLocation(
	dst, forest.locatorTable.getEndLocation(src) );

	// recursively process child elements
	Element[] srcChilds = DOMUtils.getChildElements(src);
	Element[] dstChilds = DOMUtils.getChildElements(dst);

	for( int i=0; i<srcChilds.length; i++ )
	copyLocators( srcChilds[i], dstChilds[i] );
	}


	private void reportError( Element errorSource, String formattedMsg ) {
	reportError( errorSource, formattedMsg, null );
	}

	private void reportError( Element errorSource,
	String formattedMsg, Exception nestedException ) {

	SAXParseException e = new SAXParseException2( formattedMsg,
	forest.locatorTable.getStartLocation(errorSource),
	nestedException );
	errorHandler.error(e);
	}
	}