lifecycle/lifecycle-viewmodel/src/main/java/androidx/lifecycle/ViewModelProvider.java

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package androidx.lifecycle;

import android.app.Application;

import androidx.annotation.MainThread;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

/**
 * An utility class that provides {@code ViewModels} for a scope.
 * <p>
 * Default {@code ViewModelProvider} for an {@code Activity} or a {@code Fragment} can be obtained
 * by passing it to {@link ViewModelProvider#ViewModelProvider(ViewModelStoreOwner)}.
 */
@SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess")
public class ViewModelProvider {

    private static final String DEFAULT_KEY =
            "androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider.DefaultKey";

    /**
     * Implementations of {@code Factory} interface are responsible to instantiate ViewModels.
     */
    public interface Factory {
        /**
         * Creates a new instance of the given {@code Class}.
         * <p>
         *
         * @param modelClass a {@code Class} whose instance is requested
         * @param <T>        The type parameter for the ViewModel.
         * @return a newly created ViewModel
         */
        @NonNull
        <T extends ViewModel> T create(@NonNull Class<T> modelClass);
    }

    /**
     * Implementations of {@code Factory} interface are responsible to instantiate ViewModels.
     * <p>
     * This is more advanced version of {@link Factory} that receives a key specified for requested
     * {@link ViewModel}.
     */
    abstract static class KeyedFactory implements Factory {
        /**
         * Creates a new instance of the given {@code Class}.
         *
         * @param key a key associated with the requested ViewModel
         * @param modelClass a {@code Class} whose instance is requested
         * @param <T>        The type parameter for the ViewModel.
         * @return a newly created ViewModel
         */
        @NonNull
        public abstract <T extends ViewModel> T create(@NonNull String key,
                @NonNull Class<T> modelClass);

        @NonNull
        @Override
        public <T extends ViewModel> T create(@NonNull Class<T> modelClass) {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("create(String, Class<?>) must be called on "
                    + "implementaions of KeyedFactory");
        }
    }

    private final Factory mFactory;
    private final ViewModelStore mViewModelStore;

    /**
     * Creates {@code ViewModelProvider}. This will create {@code ViewModels}
     * and retain them in a store of the given {@code ViewModelStoreOwner}.
     * <p>
     * This method will use the
     * {@link HasDefaultViewModelProviderFactory#getDefaultViewModelProviderFactory() default factory}
     * if the owner implements {@link HasDefaultViewModelProviderFactory}. Otherwise, a
     * {@link NewInstanceFactory} will be used.
     */
    public ViewModelProvider(@NonNull ViewModelStoreOwner owner) {
        this(owner.getViewModelStore(), owner instanceof HasDefaultViewModelProviderFactory
                ? ((HasDefaultViewModelProviderFactory) owner).getDefaultViewModelProviderFactory()
                : NewInstanceFactory.getInstance());
    }

    /**
     * Creates {@code ViewModelProvider}, which will create {@code ViewModels} via the given
     * {@code Factory} and retain them in a store of the given {@code ViewModelStoreOwner}.
     *
     * @param owner   a {@code ViewModelStoreOwner} whose {@link ViewModelStore} will be used to
     *                retain {@code ViewModels}
     * @param factory a {@code Factory} which will be used to instantiate
     *                new {@code ViewModels}
     */
    public ViewModelProvider(@NonNull ViewModelStoreOwner owner, @NonNull Factory factory) {
        this(owner.getViewModelStore(), factory);
    }

    /**
     * Creates {@code ViewModelProvider}, which will create {@code ViewModels} via the given
     * {@code Factory} and retain them in the given {@code store}.
     *
     * @param store   {@code ViewModelStore} where ViewModels will be stored.
     * @param factory factory a {@code Factory} which will be used to instantiate
     *                new {@code ViewModels}
     */
    public ViewModelProvider(@NonNull ViewModelStore store, @NonNull Factory factory) {
        mFactory = factory;
        mViewModelStore = store;
    }

    /**
     * Returns an existing ViewModel or creates a new one in the scope (usually, a fragment or
     * an activity), associated with this {@code ViewModelProvider}.
     * <p>
     * The created ViewModel is associated with the given scope and will be retained
     * as long as the scope is alive (e.g. if it is an activity, until it is
     * finished or process is killed).
     *
     * @param modelClass The class of the ViewModel to create an instance of it if it is not
     *                   present.
     * @param <T>        The type parameter for the ViewModel.
     * @return A ViewModel that is an instance of the given type {@code T}.
     */
    @NonNull
    @MainThread
    public <T extends ViewModel> T get(@NonNull Class<T> modelClass) {
        String canonicalName = modelClass.getCanonicalName();
        if (canonicalName == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Local and anonymous classes can not be ViewModels");
        }
        return get(DEFAULT_KEY + ":" + canonicalName, modelClass);
    }

    /**
     * Returns an existing ViewModel or creates a new one in the scope (usually, a fragment or
     * an activity), associated with this {@code ViewModelProvider}.
     * <p>
     * The created ViewModel is associated with the given scope and will be retained
     * as long as the scope is alive (e.g. if it is an activity, until it is
     * finished or process is killed).
     *
     * @param key        The key to use to identify the ViewModel.
     * @param modelClass The class of the ViewModel to create an instance of it if it is not
     *                   present.
     * @param <T>        The type parameter for the ViewModel.
     * @return A ViewModel that is an instance of the given type {@code T}.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    @NonNull
    @MainThread
    public <T extends ViewModel> T get(@NonNull String key, @NonNull Class<T> modelClass) {
        ViewModel viewModel = mViewModelStore.get(key);

        if (modelClass.isInstance(viewModel)) {
            return (T) viewModel;
        } else {
            //noinspection StatementWithEmptyBody
            if (viewModel != null) {
                // TODO: log a warning.
            }
        }
        if (mFactory instanceof KeyedFactory) {
            viewModel = ((KeyedFactory) (mFactory)).create(key, modelClass);
        } else {
            viewModel = (mFactory).create(modelClass);
        }
        mViewModelStore.put(key, viewModel);
        return (T) viewModel;
    }

    /**
     * Simple factory, which calls empty constructor on the give class.
     */
    public static class NewInstanceFactory implements Factory {

        private static NewInstanceFactory sInstance;

        /**
         * Retrieve a singleton instance of NewInstanceFactory.
         *
         * @return A valid {@link NewInstanceFactory}
         */
        @NonNull
        static NewInstanceFactory getInstance() {
            if (sInstance == null) {
                sInstance = new NewInstanceFactory();
            }
            return sInstance;
        }

        @SuppressWarnings("ClassNewInstance")
        @NonNull
        @Override
        public <T extends ViewModel> T create(@NonNull Class<T> modelClass) {
            //noinspection TryWithIdenticalCatches
            try {
                return modelClass.newInstance();
            } catch (InstantiationException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Cannot create an instance of " + modelClass, e);
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Cannot create an instance of " + modelClass, e);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * {@link Factory} which may create {@link AndroidViewModel} and
     * {@link ViewModel}, which have an empty constructor.
     */
    public static class AndroidViewModelFactory extends ViewModelProvider.NewInstanceFactory {

        private static AndroidViewModelFactory sInstance;

        /**
         * Retrieve a singleton instance of AndroidViewModelFactory.
         *
         * @param application an application to pass in {@link AndroidViewModel}
         * @return A valid {@link AndroidViewModelFactory}
         */
        @NonNull
        public static AndroidViewModelFactory getInstance(@NonNull Application application) {
            if (sInstance == null) {
                sInstance = new AndroidViewModelFactory(application);
            }
            return sInstance;
        }

        private Application mApplication;

        /**
         * Creates a {@code AndroidViewModelFactory}
         *
         * @param application an application to pass in {@link AndroidViewModel}
         */
        public AndroidViewModelFactory(@NonNull Application application) {
            mApplication = application;
        }

        @NonNull
        @Override
        public <T extends ViewModel> T create(@NonNull Class<T> modelClass) {
            if (AndroidViewModel.class.isAssignableFrom(modelClass)) {
                //noinspection TryWithIdenticalCatches
                try {
                    return modelClass.getConstructor(Application.class).newInstance(mApplication);
                } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException("Cannot create an instance of " + modelClass, e);
                } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException("Cannot create an instance of " + modelClass, e);
                } catch (InstantiationException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException("Cannot create an instance of " + modelClass, e);
                } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException("Cannot create an instance of " + modelClass, e);
                }
            }
            return super.create(modelClass);
        }
    }
}