| page.title=Creating an Android Project |
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| page.tags=project setup |
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| next.title=Running Your App |
| next.link=running-app.html |
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| <h2>This lesson teaches you to</h2> |
| |
| <ol> |
| <li><a href="#Studio">Create a Project with Android Studio</a></li> |
| </ol> |
| |
| <h2>You should also read</h2> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li><a href="{@docRoot}tools/projects/index.html">Managing Projects</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <p>An Android project contains all the files that comprise the source code for your Android |
| app.</p> |
| |
| <p>This lesson |
| shows how to create a new project either using Android Studio or using the |
| SDK tools from a command line.</p> |
| |
| <p class="note"><strong>Note:</strong> You should already have Android Studio or the Android SDK |
| command-line tools installed. If not, <a |
| href="{@docRoot}studio/index.html">download them</a> before you start this |
| lesson.</p> |
| |
| |
| <h2 id="Studio">Create a Project with Android Studio</h2> |
| |
| <ol> |
| <li>In Android Studio, create a new project: |
| <ul> |
| <li>If you don't have a project opened, in the <strong>Welcome</strong> screen, click <strong> |
| New Project</strong>.</li> |
| <li>If you have a project opened, from the <strong>File</strong> menu, select <strong>New |
| Project</strong>. The <em>Create New Project</em> screen appears.</li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li>Fill out the fields on the screen, and click <strong>Next</strong>. |
| <p>It is easier to follow these lessons if you use the same values as shown.</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li><strong>Application Name</strong> is the app name that appears to users. |
| For this project, use "My First App."</li> |
| <li><strong>Company domain</strong> provides a qualifier that will be appended to the package |
| name; Android Studio will remember this qualifier for each new project you create.</li> |
| <li><strong>Package name</strong> is the fully qualified name for the project (following the |
| same rules as those for naming packages in the Java programming language). Your package name |
| must be unique across all packages installed on the Android system. You can <strong> |
| Edit</strong> this value independently from the application name or the company |
| domain.</li> |
| <li><strong>Project location</strong> is the directory on your system that holds the project |
| files.</li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li>Under <strong>Select the form factors your app will run on</strong>, check the box for <strong> |
| Phone and Tablet</strong>.</li> |
| <li>For <strong>Minimum SDK</strong>, select <strong>API 8: Android 2.2 (Froyo)</strong>. |
| <p>The Minimum Required SDK is the earliest version of Android that your app supports, |
| indicated using the <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/uses-sdk-element.html#ApiLevels"> |
| API level</a>. To support as many devices as possible, you should set this to the lowest |
| version available that allows your app to provide its core feature set. If any feature of your |
| app is possible only on newer versions of Android and it's not critical to the app's core |
| feature set, you can enable the feature only when running on the versions that support it (as |
| discussed in <a href="{@docRoot}training/basics/supporting-devices/platforms.html"> |
| Supporting Different Platform Versions</a>).</p></li> |
| <li>Leave all of the other options (TV, Wear, and Glass) unchecked and click <strong>Next.</strong></li> |
| <div class="sidebox-wrapper"> |
| <div class="sidebox"> |
| <h3>Activities</h3> |
| <p>An activity is one of the distinguishing features of the Android framework. Activities |
| provide the user with access to your app, and there may be many activities. An application |
| will usually have a main activity for when the user launches the application, another |
| activity for when she selects some content to view, for example, and other activities for |
| when she performs other tasks within the app. See <a href="{@docRoot}guide/components/activities.html"> |
| Activities</a> for more information.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <li>Under <strong>Add an activity to <<em>template</em>></strong>, |
| select <strong>Basic Activity</strong> and click <strong>Next</strong>. |
| </li> |
| |
| <li>Under <strong>Customize the Activity</strong>, change the |
| <strong>Activity Name</strong> to <em>MyActivity</em>. The <strong>Layout |
| Name</strong> changes to <em>activity_my</em>, and the <strong>Title</strong> |
| to <em>MyActivity</em>. The <strong>Menu Resource Name</strong> is |
| <em>menu_my</em>. |
| </li> |
| |
| <li>Click the <strong>Finish</strong> button to create the project. |
| </li> |
| </ol> |
| |
| <p>Your Android project is now a basic "Hello World" app that contains some default files. Take a |
| moment to review the most important of these:</p> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><code>app/src/main/res/layout/activity_my.xml</code></dt> |
| <dd>This XML layout file is for the activity you added when you created the project |
| with Android Studio. Following the New Project workflow, Android Studio presents this file |
| with both a text |
| view and a preview of the screen UI. The file contains some default interface elements |
| from the material design library, including the |
| <a href="{@docRoot}training/appbar/index.html">app bar</a> and a floating action button. |
| It also includes a separate layout file with the main content.</dd> |
| |
| <dt><code>app/src/main/res/layout/content_my.xml</code></dt> |
| <dd>This XML layout file resides in {@code activity_my.xml}, and contains some settings and |
| a {@code TextView} element that displays the message, "Hello world!".</dd> |
| |
| <dt><code>app/src/main/java/com.mycompany.myfirstapp/MyActivity.java</code></dt> |
| <dd>A tab for this file appears in Android Studio when the New Project workflow finishes. When you |
| select the file you see the class definition for the activity you created. When you build and |
| run the app, the {@link android.app.Activity} class starts the activity and loads the layout file |
| that says "Hello World!"</dd> |
| <dt><code>app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml</code></dt> |
| <dd>The <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-intro.html">manifest file</a> describes |
| the fundamental characteristics of the app and defines each of its components. You'll revisit |
| this file as you follow these lessons and add more components to your app.</dd> |
| <dt><code>app/build.gradle</code></dt> |
| <dd>Android Studio uses Gradle to compile and build your app. There is a <code>build.gradle</code> |
| file for each module of your project, as well as a <code>build.gradle</code> file for the entire |
| project. Usually, you're only interested in the <code>build.gradle</code> file for the module, |
| in this case the <code>app</code> or application module. This is where your app's build dependencies |
| are set, including the <code>defaultConfig</code> settings: |
| <ul> |
| <li><code>compiledSdkVersion</code> is the platform version against which you will compile |
| your app. By default, this is set to the latest version of Android available in your SDK. |
| (It should be Android 4.1 or greater; if you don't have such a version available, you must |
| install one using the <a href="{@docRoot}studio/intro/update.html">SDK Manager</a>.) |
| You can still build your app to support older versions, but setting this to the latest |
| version allows you to enable new features and optimize your app for a great user experience |
| on the latest devices.</li> |
| <li><code>applicationId</code> is the fully qualified package name for your application that |
| you specified during the New Project workflow.</li> |
| <li><code>minSdkVersion</code> is the Minimum SDK version you specified during the New Project |
| workflow. This is the earliest version of the Android SDK that your app supports.</li> |
| <li><code>targetSdkVersion</code> indicates the highest version of Android with which you have |
| tested your application. As new versions of Android become available, you should |
| test your app on the new version and update this value to match the latest API level and |
| thereby take advantage of new platform features. For more information, read |
| <a href="{@docRoot}training/basics/supporting-devices/platforms.html">Supporting Different |
| Platform Versions</a>.</li> |
| </ul> |
| <p>See <a href="{@docRoot}studio/build/index.html">Building Your Project with Gradle</a> |
| for more information about Gradle.</p></dd> |
| </dl> |
| |
| <p>Note also the <code>/res</code> subdirectories that contain the |
| <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/resources/overview.html">resources</a> for your application:</p> |
| <dl> |
| <dt><code>drawable<em>-<density></em>/</code></dt> |
| <dd>Directories for <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/resources/drawable-resource.html"> |
| drawable resources</a>, other than launcher icons, designed |
| for various <a href="{@docRoot}training/multiscreen/screendensities.html">densities</a>. |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>layout/</code></dt> |
| <dd>Directory for files that define your app's user interface like {@code activity_my.xml}, |
| discussed above, which describes a basic layout for the {@code MyActivity} |
| class.</dd> |
| <dt><code>menu/</code></dt> |
| <dd>Directory for files that define your app's menu items.</dd> |
| <dt><code>mipmap/</code></dt> |
| <dd>Launcher icons reside in the {@code mipmap/} folder rather than the |
| {@code drawable/} folders. This folder contains the {@code ic_launcher.png} image |
| that appears when you run the default app.</dd> |
| <dt><code>values/</code></dt> |
| <dd>Directory for other XML files that contain a collection of resources, such as |
| string and color definitions.</dd> |
| </dl> |
| |
| <p> |
| To run the app, continue to the <a href="running-app.html">next lesson</a>. |
| </p> |