graphics/java/android/graphics/ImageDecoder.java

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package android.graphics;

import static android.system.OsConstants.SEEK_CUR;
import static android.system.OsConstants.SEEK_SET;

import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.SOURCE;

import android.annotation.AnyThread;
import android.annotation.FlaggedApi;
import android.annotation.IntDef;
import android.annotation.IntRange;
import android.annotation.NonNull;
import android.annotation.Nullable;
import android.annotation.Px;
import android.annotation.TestApi;
import android.annotation.WorkerThread;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.res.AssetFileDescriptor;
import android.content.res.AssetManager;
import android.content.res.AssetManager.AssetInputStream;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.graphics.drawable.AnimatedImageDrawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.NinePatchDrawable;
import android.media.MediaCodecInfo;
import android.media.MediaCodecList;
import android.media.MediaFormat;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Trace;
import android.ravenwood.annotation.RavenwoodIgnore;
import android.system.ErrnoException;
import android.system.Os;
import android.util.DisplayMetrics;
import android.util.Size;
import android.util.TypedValue;

import com.android.graphics.hwui.flags.Flags;

import dalvik.system.CloseGuard;

import libcore.io.IoUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;

/**
 *  <p>A class for converting encoded images (like {@code PNG}, {@code JPEG},
 *  {@code WEBP}, {@code GIF}, or {@code HEIF}) into {@link Drawable} or
 *  {@link Bitmap} objects.
 *
 *  <p>To use it, first create a {@link Source Source} using one of the
 *  {@code createSource} overloads. For example, to decode from a {@link Uri}, call
 *  {@link #createSource(ContentResolver, Uri)} and pass the result to
 *  {@link #decodeDrawable(Source)} or {@link #decodeBitmap(Source)}:
 *
 *  <pre class="prettyprint">
 *  File file = new File(...);
 *  ImageDecoder.Source source = ImageDecoder.createSource(file);
 *  Drawable drawable = ImageDecoder.decodeDrawable(source);
 *  </pre>
 *
 *  <p>To change the default settings, pass the {@link Source Source} and an
 *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener OnHeaderDecodedListener} to
 *  {@link #decodeDrawable(Source, OnHeaderDecodedListener)} or
 *  {@link #decodeBitmap(Source, OnHeaderDecodedListener)}. For example, to
 *  create a sampled image with half the width and height of the original image,
 *  call {@link #setTargetSampleSize setTargetSampleSize(2)} inside
 *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}:
 *
 *  <pre class="prettyprint">
 *  OnHeaderDecodedListener listener = new OnHeaderDecodedListener() {
 *      public void onHeaderDecoded(ImageDecoder decoder, ImageInfo info, Source source) {
 *          decoder.setTargetSampleSize(2);
 *      }
 *  };
 *  Drawable drawable = ImageDecoder.decodeDrawable(source, listener);
 *  </pre>
 *
 *  <p>The {@link ImageInfo ImageInfo} contains information about the encoded image, like
 *  its width and height, and the {@link Source Source} can be used to match to a particular
 *  {@link Source Source} if a single {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener OnHeaderDecodedListener}
 *  is used with multiple {@link Source Source} objects.
 *
 *  <p>The {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener OnHeaderDecodedListener} can also be implemented
 *  as a lambda:
 *
 *  <pre class="prettyprint">
 *  Drawable drawable = ImageDecoder.decodeDrawable(source, (decoder, info, src) -&gt; {
 *      decoder.setTargetSampleSize(2);
 *  });
 *  </pre>
 *
 *  <p>If the encoded image is an animated {@code GIF} or {@code WEBP},
 *  {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable} will return an {@link AnimatedImageDrawable}. To
 *  start its animation, call {@link AnimatedImageDrawable#start AnimatedImageDrawable.start()}:
 *
 *  <pre class="prettyprint">
 *  Drawable drawable = ImageDecoder.decodeDrawable(source);
 *  if (drawable instanceof AnimatedImageDrawable) {
 *      ((AnimatedImageDrawable) drawable).start();
 *  }
 *  </pre>
 *
 *  <p>By default, a {@link Bitmap} created by {@link ImageDecoder} (including
 *  one that is inside a {@link Drawable}) will be immutable (i.e.
 *  {@link Bitmap#isMutable Bitmap.isMutable()} returns {@code false}), and it
 *  will typically have {@code Config} {@link Bitmap.Config#HARDWARE}. Although
 *  these properties can be changed with {@link #setMutableRequired setMutableRequired(true)}
 *  (which is only compatible with {@link #decodeBitmap(Source)} and
 *  {@link #decodeBitmap(Source, OnHeaderDecodedListener)}) and {@link #setAllocator},
 *  it is also possible to apply custom effects regardless of the mutability of
 *  the final returned object by passing a {@link PostProcessor} to
 *  {@link #setPostProcessor setPostProcessor}. A {@link PostProcessor} can also be a lambda:
 *
 *  <pre class="prettyprint">
 *  Drawable drawable = ImageDecoder.decodeDrawable(source, (decoder, info, src) -&gt; {
 *      decoder.setPostProcessor((canvas) -&gt; {
 *              // This will create rounded corners.
 *              Path path = new Path();
 *              path.setFillType(Path.FillType.INVERSE_EVEN_ODD);
 *              int width = canvas.getWidth();
 *              int height = canvas.getHeight();
 *              path.addRoundRect(0, 0, width, height, 20, 20, Path.Direction.CW);
 *              Paint paint = new Paint();
 *              paint.setAntiAlias(true);
 *              paint.setColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
 *              paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC));
 *              canvas.drawPath(path, paint);
 *              return PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT;
 *      });
 *  });
 *  </pre>
 *
 *  <p>If the encoded image is incomplete or contains an error, or if an
 *  {@link Exception} occurs during decoding, a {@link DecodeException DecodeException}
 *  will be thrown. In some cases, the {@link ImageDecoder} may have decoded part of
 *  the image. In order to display the partial image, an
 *  {@link OnPartialImageListener OnPartialImageListener} must be passed to
 *  {@link #setOnPartialImageListener setOnPartialImageListener}. For example:
 *
 *  <pre class="prettyprint">
 *  Drawable drawable = ImageDecoder.decodeDrawable(source, (decoder, info, src) -&gt; {
 *      decoder.setOnPartialImageListener((DecodeException e) -&gt; {
 *              // Returning true indicates to create a Drawable or Bitmap even
 *              // if the whole image could not be decoded. Any remaining lines
 *              // will be blank.
 *              return true;
 *      });
 *  });
 *  </pre>
 */
@android.ravenwood.annotation.RavenwoodKeepWholeClass
public final class ImageDecoder implements AutoCloseable {
    /**
     *  Source of encoded image data.
     *
     *  <p>References the data that will be used to decode a {@link Drawable}
     *  or {@link Bitmap} in {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable} or
     *  {@link #decodeBitmap decodeBitmap}. Constructing a {@code Source} (with
     *  one of the overloads of {@code createSource}) can be done on any thread
     *  because the construction simply captures values. The real work is done
     *  in {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable} or {@link #decodeBitmap decodeBitmap}.
     *
     *  <p>A {@code Source} object can be reused to create multiple versions of the
     *  same image. For example, to decode a full size image and its thumbnail,
     *  the same {@code Source} can be used once with no
     *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener OnHeaderDecodedListener} and once with an
     *  implementation of {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}
     *  that calls {@link #setTargetSize} with smaller dimensions. One {@code Source}
     *  can even be used simultaneously in multiple threads.</p>
     */
    public static abstract class Source {
        private Source() {}

        @Nullable
        Resources getResources() { return null; }

        int getDensity() { return Bitmap.DENSITY_NONE; }

        final int computeDstDensity() {
            Resources res = getResources();
            if (res == null) {
                return Bitmap.getDefaultDensity();
            }

            return res.getDisplayMetrics().densityDpi;
        }

        @NonNull
        abstract ImageDecoder createImageDecoder(boolean preferAnimation) throws IOException;
    };

    private static class ByteArraySource extends Source {
        ByteArraySource(@NonNull byte[] data, int offset, int length) {
            mData = data;
            mOffset = offset;
            mLength = length;
        };
        private final byte[] mData;
        private final int    mOffset;
        private final int    mLength;

        @Override
        public ImageDecoder createImageDecoder(boolean preferAnimation) throws IOException {
            return nCreate(mData, mOffset, mLength, preferAnimation, this);
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "ByteArraySource{len=" + mLength + "}";
        }
    }

    private static class ByteBufferSource extends Source {
        ByteBufferSource(@NonNull ByteBuffer buffer) {
            mBuffer = buffer;
            mLength = mBuffer.limit() - mBuffer.position();
        }

        private final ByteBuffer mBuffer;
        private final int mLength;

        @Override
        public ImageDecoder createImageDecoder(boolean preferAnimation) throws IOException {
            if (!mBuffer.isDirect() && mBuffer.hasArray()) {
                int offset = mBuffer.arrayOffset() + mBuffer.position();
                int length = mBuffer.limit() - mBuffer.position();
                return nCreate(mBuffer.array(), offset, length, preferAnimation, this);
            }
            ByteBuffer buffer = mBuffer.slice();
            return nCreate(buffer, buffer.position(), buffer.limit(), preferAnimation, this);
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "ByteBufferSource{len=" + mLength + "}";
        }
    }

    private static class ContentResolverSource extends Source {
        ContentResolverSource(@NonNull ContentResolver resolver, @NonNull Uri uri,
                @Nullable Resources res) {
            mResolver = resolver;
            mUri = uri;
            mResources = res;
        }

        private final ContentResolver mResolver;
        private final Uri mUri;
        private final Resources mResources;

        @Nullable
        Resources getResources() { return mResources; }

        @Override
        public ImageDecoder createImageDecoder(boolean preferAnimation) throws IOException {
            AssetFileDescriptor assetFd = null;
            try {
                if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(mUri.getScheme())) {
                    assetFd = mResolver.openTypedAssetFileDescriptor(mUri,
                            "image/*", null);
                } else {
                    assetFd = mResolver.openAssetFileDescriptor(mUri, "r");
                }
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                // Handled below, along with the case where assetFd was set to null.
            }

            if (assetFd == null) {
                // Some images cannot be opened as AssetFileDescriptors (e.g.
                // bmp, ico). Open them as InputStreams.
                InputStream is = mResolver.openInputStream(mUri);
                if (is == null) {
                    throw new FileNotFoundException(mUri.toString());
                }

                return createFromStream(is, true, preferAnimation, this);
            }

            return createFromAssetFileDescriptor(assetFd, preferAnimation, this);
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            String uri = mUri.toString();
            if (uri.length() > 90) {
                // We want to keep the Uri usable - usually the authority and the end is important.
                uri = uri.substring(0, 80) + ".." + uri.substring(uri.length() - 10);
            }
            return "ContentResolverSource{uri=" + uri + "}";
        }
    }

    @NonNull
    private static ImageDecoder createFromFile(@NonNull File file,
            boolean preferAnimation, @NonNull Source source) throws IOException {
        FileInputStream stream = new FileInputStream(file);
        FileDescriptor fd = stream.getFD();
        try {
            Os.lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
            return createFromStream(stream, true, preferAnimation, source);
        }

        ImageDecoder decoder = null;
        try {
            decoder = nCreate(fd, AssetFileDescriptor.UNKNOWN_LENGTH, preferAnimation, source);
        } finally {
            if (decoder == null) {
                IoUtils.closeQuietly(stream);
            } else {
                decoder.mInputStream = stream;
                decoder.mOwnsInputStream = true;
            }
        }
        return decoder;
    }

    @NonNull
    private static ImageDecoder createFromStream(@NonNull InputStream is,
            boolean closeInputStream, boolean preferAnimation, Source source) throws IOException {
        // Arbitrary size matches BitmapFactory.
        byte[] storage = new byte[16 * 1024];
        ImageDecoder decoder = null;
        try {
            decoder = nCreate(is, storage, preferAnimation, source);
        } finally {
            if (decoder == null) {
                if (closeInputStream) {
                    IoUtils.closeQuietly(is);
                }
            } else {
                decoder.mInputStream = is;
                decoder.mOwnsInputStream = closeInputStream;
                decoder.mTempStorage = storage;
            }
        }

        return decoder;
    }

    @NonNull
    private static ImageDecoder createFromAssetFileDescriptor(@NonNull AssetFileDescriptor assetFd,
            boolean preferAnimation, Source source) throws IOException {
        if (assetFd == null) {
            throw new FileNotFoundException();
        }
        final FileDescriptor fd = assetFd.getFileDescriptor();
        final long offset = assetFd.getStartOffset();

        ImageDecoder decoder = null;
        try {
            try {
                Os.lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET);
                decoder = nCreate(fd, assetFd.getDeclaredLength(), preferAnimation, source);
            } catch (ErrnoException e) {
                decoder = createFromStream(new FileInputStream(fd), true, preferAnimation, source);
            }
        } finally {
            if (decoder == null) {
                IoUtils.closeQuietly(assetFd);
            } else {
                decoder.mAssetFd = assetFd;
            }
        }
        return decoder;
    }

    /**
     * For backwards compatibility, this does *not* close the InputStream.
     *
     * Further, unlike other Sources, this one is not reusable.
     */
    private static class InputStreamSource extends Source {
        InputStreamSource(Resources res, @NonNull InputStream is, int inputDensity) {
            if (is == null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("The InputStream cannot be null");
            }
            mResources = res;
            mInputStream = is;
            mInputDensity = inputDensity;
        }

        final Resources mResources;
        InputStream mInputStream;
        final int mInputDensity;

        @Override
        public Resources getResources() { return mResources; }

        @Override
        public int getDensity() { return mInputDensity; }

        @Override
        public ImageDecoder createImageDecoder(boolean preferAnimation) throws IOException {

            synchronized (this) {
                if (mInputStream == null) {
                    throw new IOException("Cannot reuse InputStreamSource");
                }
                InputStream is = mInputStream;
                mInputStream = null;
                return createFromStream(is, false, preferAnimation, this);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "InputStream{s=" + mInputStream + "}";
        }
    }

    /**
     * Takes ownership of the AssetInputStream.
     *
     * @hide
     */
    public static class AssetInputStreamSource extends Source {
        public AssetInputStreamSource(@NonNull AssetInputStream ais,
                @NonNull Resources res, @NonNull TypedValue value) {
            mAssetInputStream = ais;
            mResources = res;

            if (value.density == TypedValue.DENSITY_DEFAULT) {
                mDensity = DisplayMetrics.DENSITY_DEFAULT;
            } else if (value.density != TypedValue.DENSITY_NONE) {
                mDensity = value.density;
            } else {
                mDensity = Bitmap.DENSITY_NONE;
            }
        }

        private AssetInputStream mAssetInputStream;
        private final Resources  mResources;
        private final int        mDensity;

        @Override
        public Resources getResources() { return mResources; }

        @Override
        public int getDensity() {
            return mDensity;
        }

        @Override
        public ImageDecoder createImageDecoder(boolean preferAnimation) throws IOException {
            synchronized (this) {
                if (mAssetInputStream == null) {
                    throw new IOException("Cannot reuse AssetInputStreamSource");
                }
                AssetInputStream ais = mAssetInputStream;
                mAssetInputStream = null;
                return createFromAsset(ais, preferAnimation, this);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "AssetInputStream{s=" + mAssetInputStream + "}";
        }
    }

    private static class ResourceSource extends Source {
        ResourceSource(@NonNull Resources res, int resId) {
            mResources = res;
            mResId = resId;
            mResDensity = Bitmap.DENSITY_NONE;
        }

        final Resources mResources;
        final int       mResId;
        int             mResDensity;
        private Object  mLock = new Object();

        @Override
        public Resources getResources() { return mResources; }

        @Override
        public int getDensity() {
            synchronized (mLock) {
                return mResDensity;
            }
        }

        @Override
        public ImageDecoder createImageDecoder(boolean preferAnimation) throws IOException {
            TypedValue value = new TypedValue();
            // This is just used in order to access the underlying Asset and
            // keep it alive.
            InputStream is = mResources.openRawResource(mResId, value);

            synchronized (mLock) {
                if (value.density == TypedValue.DENSITY_DEFAULT) {
                    mResDensity = DisplayMetrics.DENSITY_DEFAULT;
                } else if (value.density != TypedValue.DENSITY_NONE) {
                    mResDensity = value.density;
                }
            }

            return createFromAsset((AssetInputStream) is, preferAnimation, this);
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            // Try to return a human-readable name for debugging purposes.
            try {
                return "Resource{name=" + mResources.getResourceName(mResId) + "}";
            } catch (Resources.NotFoundException e) {
                // It's ok if we don't find it, fall back to ID.
            }
            return "Resource{id=" + mResId + "}";
        }
    }

    /**
     *  ImageDecoder will own the AssetInputStream.
     */
    private static ImageDecoder createFromAsset(AssetInputStream ais,
            boolean preferAnimation, Source source) throws IOException {
        ImageDecoder decoder = null;
        try {
            long asset = ais.getNativeAsset();
            decoder = nCreate(asset, preferAnimation, source);
        } finally {
            if (decoder == null) {
                IoUtils.closeQuietly(ais);
            } else {
                decoder.mInputStream = ais;
                decoder.mOwnsInputStream = true;
            }
        }
        return decoder;
    }

    private static class AssetSource extends Source {
        AssetSource(@NonNull AssetManager assets, @NonNull String fileName) {
            mAssets = assets;
            mFileName = fileName;
        }

        private final AssetManager mAssets;
        private final String mFileName;

        @Override
        public ImageDecoder createImageDecoder(boolean preferAnimation) throws IOException {
            InputStream is = mAssets.open(mFileName);
            return createFromAsset((AssetInputStream) is, preferAnimation, this);
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "AssetSource{file=" + mFileName + "}";
        }
    }

    private static class FileSource extends Source {
        FileSource(@NonNull File file) {
            mFile = file;
        }

        private final File mFile;

        @Override
        public ImageDecoder createImageDecoder(boolean preferAnimation) throws IOException {
            return createFromFile(mFile, preferAnimation, this);
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "FileSource{file=" + mFile + "}";
        }
    }

    private static class CallableSource extends Source {
        CallableSource(@NonNull Callable<AssetFileDescriptor> callable) {
            mCallable = callable;
        }

        private final Callable<AssetFileDescriptor> mCallable;

        @Override
        public ImageDecoder createImageDecoder(boolean preferAnimation) throws IOException {
            AssetFileDescriptor assetFd = null;
            try {
                assetFd = mCallable.call();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                if (e instanceof IOException) {
                    throw (IOException) e;
                } else {
                    throw new IOException(e);
                }
            }
            return createFromAssetFileDescriptor(assetFd, preferAnimation, this);
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "CallableSource{obj=" + mCallable.toString() + "}";
        }
    }

    /**
     *  Information about an encoded image.
     */
    public static class ImageInfo {
        private final Size mSize;
        private final boolean mIsAnimated;
        private final String mMimeType;
        private final ColorSpace mColorSpace;

        private ImageInfo(
                @NonNull Size size,
                boolean isAnimated,
                @NonNull String mimeType,
                @Nullable ColorSpace colorSpace) {
            mSize = size;
            mIsAnimated = isAnimated;
            mMimeType = mimeType;
            mColorSpace = colorSpace;
        }

        /**
         * Size of the image, without scaling or cropping.
         */
        @NonNull
        public Size getSize() {
            return mSize;
        }

        /**
         * The mimeType of the image.
         */
        @NonNull
        public String getMimeType() {
            return mMimeType;
        }

        /**
         * Whether the image is animated.
         *
         * <p>If {@code true}, {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable} will
         * return an {@link AnimatedImageDrawable}.</p>
         */
        public boolean isAnimated() {
            return mIsAnimated;
        }

        /**
         * If known, the color space the decoded bitmap will have. Note that the
         * output color space is not guaranteed to be the color space the bitmap
         * is encoded with. If not known (when the config is
         * {@link Bitmap.Config#ALPHA_8} for instance), or there is an error,
         * it is set to null.
         */
        @Nullable
        public ColorSpace getColorSpace() {
            return mColorSpace;
        }
    };

    /**
     *  Interface for changing the default settings of a decode.
     *
     *  <p>Supply an instance to
     *  {@link #decodeDrawable(Source, OnHeaderDecodedListener) decodeDrawable}
     *  or {@link #decodeBitmap(Source, OnHeaderDecodedListener) decodeBitmap},
     *  which will call {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}
     *  (in the same thread) once the size is known. The implementation of
     *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded} can then
     *  change the decode settings as desired.
     */
    public static interface OnHeaderDecodedListener {
        /**
         *  Called by {@link ImageDecoder} when the header has been decoded and
         *  the image size is known.
         *
         *  @param decoder the object performing the decode, for changing
         *      its default settings.
         *  @param info information about the encoded image.
         *  @param source object that created {@code decoder}.
         */
        public void onHeaderDecoded(@NonNull ImageDecoder decoder,
                @NonNull ImageInfo info, @NonNull Source source);

    };

    /**
     *  Information about an interrupted decode.
     */
    public static final class DecodeException extends IOException {
        /**
         *  An Exception was thrown reading the {@link Source}.
         */
        public static final int SOURCE_EXCEPTION  = 1;

        /**
         *  The encoded data was incomplete.
         */
        public static final int SOURCE_INCOMPLETE = 2;

        /**
         *  The encoded data contained an error.
         */
        public static final int SOURCE_MALFORMED_DATA = 3;

        /**
         * The extraction of the gainmap component of the image failed. If the partially
         * decoded result is returned by returning true from
         * {@link OnPartialImageListener#onPartialImage(DecodeException)} there will
         * still be a complete base image to be viewed. It is thus recommended
         * to return the partial image and proceed with displaying it. Applications that are
         * doing this for editing or similar may want to consider warning the user that
         * data was lost.
         */
        @FlaggedApi(Flags.FLAG_IMAGE_DECODER_GAINMAP_FAIL)
        public static final int GAINMAP_EXTRACTION_FAILED = 4;

        /** @hide **/
        @Retention(SOURCE)
        @IntDef(value = { SOURCE_EXCEPTION, SOURCE_INCOMPLETE, SOURCE_MALFORMED_DATA,
                GAINMAP_EXTRACTION_FAILED },
                prefix = {"SOURCE_"})
        public @interface Error {};

        @Error final int mError;
        @NonNull final Source mSource;

        DecodeException(@Error int error, @Nullable Throwable cause, @NonNull Source source) {
            super(errorMessage(error, cause), cause);
            mError = error;
            mSource = source;
        }

        /**
         * Private method called by JNI.
         */
        @SuppressWarnings("unused")
        DecodeException(@Error int error, @Nullable String msg, @Nullable Throwable cause,
                @NonNull Source source) {
            super(msg + errorMessage(error, cause), cause);
            mError = error;
            mSource = source;
        }

        /**
         *  Retrieve the reason that decoding was interrupted.
         *
         *  <p>If the error is {@link #SOURCE_EXCEPTION}, the underlying
         *  {@link java.lang.Throwable} can be retrieved with
         *  {@link java.lang.Throwable#getCause}.</p>
         */
        @Error
        public int getError() {
            return mError;
        }

        /**
         *  Retrieve the {@link Source Source} that was interrupted.
         *
         *  <p>This can be used for equality checking to find the Source which
         *  failed to completely decode.</p>
         */
        @NonNull
        public Source getSource() {
            return mSource;
        }

        private static String errorMessage(@Error int error, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
            switch (error) {
                case SOURCE_EXCEPTION:
                    return "Exception in input: " + cause;
                case SOURCE_INCOMPLETE:
                    return "Input was incomplete.";
                case SOURCE_MALFORMED_DATA:
                    return "Input contained an error.";
                default:
                    return "";
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     *  Interface for inspecting a {@link DecodeException DecodeException}
     *  and potentially preventing it from being thrown.
     *
     *  <p>If an instance is passed to
     *  {@link #setOnPartialImageListener setOnPartialImageListener}, a
     *  {@link DecodeException DecodeException} that would otherwise have been
     *  thrown can be inspected inside
     *  {@link OnPartialImageListener#onPartialImage onPartialImage}.
     *  If {@link OnPartialImageListener#onPartialImage onPartialImage} returns
     *  {@code true}, a partial image will be created.
     */
    public static interface OnPartialImageListener {
        /**
         *  Called by {@link ImageDecoder} when there is only a partial image to
         *  display.
         *
         *  <p>If decoding is interrupted after having decoded a partial image,
         *  this method will be called. The implementation can inspect the
         *  {@link DecodeException DecodeException} and optionally finish the
         *  rest of the decode creation process to create a partial {@link Drawable}
         *  or {@link Bitmap}.
         *
         *  @param exception exception containing information about the
         *      decode interruption.
         *  @return {@code true} to create and return a {@link Drawable} or
         *      {@link Bitmap} with partial data. {@code false} (which is the
         *      default) to abort the decode and throw {@code e}. Any undecoded
         *      lines in the image will be blank.
         */
        boolean onPartialImage(@NonNull DecodeException exception);
    };

    // Fields
    private long          mNativePtr;
    private final int     mWidth;
    private final int     mHeight;
    private final boolean mAnimated;
    private final boolean mIsNinePatch;

    private int        mDesiredWidth;
    private int        mDesiredHeight;
    private int        mAllocator = ALLOCATOR_DEFAULT;
    private boolean    mUnpremultipliedRequired = false;
    private boolean    mMutable = false;
    private boolean    mConserveMemory = false;
    private boolean    mDecodeAsAlphaMask = false;
    private ColorSpace mDesiredColorSpace = null;
    private Rect       mCropRect;
    private Rect       mOutPaddingRect;
    private Source     mSource;
    private long       mAllocationLimit = 536900000; // 0.5GiB

    private PostProcessor          mPostProcessor;
    private OnPartialImageListener mOnPartialImageListener;

    // Objects for interacting with the input.
    private InputStream         mInputStream;
    private boolean             mOwnsInputStream;
    private byte[]              mTempStorage;
    private AssetFileDescriptor mAssetFd;
    private final AtomicBoolean mClosed = new AtomicBoolean();
    private final CloseGuard    mCloseGuard = CloseGuard.get();

    /**
     * Private constructor called by JNI. {@link #close} must be
     * called after decoding to delete native resources.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    private ImageDecoder(long nativePtr, int width, int height,
            boolean animated, boolean isNinePatch) {
        mNativePtr = nativePtr;
        mWidth = width;
        mHeight = height;
        mDesiredWidth = width;
        mDesiredHeight = height;
        mAnimated = animated;
        mIsNinePatch = isNinePatch;
        mCloseGuard.open("close");
    }

    @Override
    protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
        try {
            if (mCloseGuard != null) {
                mCloseGuard.warnIfOpen();
            }

            // Avoid closing these in finalizer.
            mInputStream = null;
            mAssetFd = null;

            close();
        } finally {
            super.finalize();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Return if the given MIME type is a supported file format that can be
     * decoded by this class. This can be useful to determine if a file can be
     * decoded directly, or if it needs to be converted into a more general
     * format using an API like {@link ContentResolver#openTypedAssetFile}.
     */
    public static boolean isMimeTypeSupported(@NonNull String mimeType) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(mimeType);
        switch (mimeType.toLowerCase(Locale.US)) {
            case "image/png":
            case "image/jpeg":
            case "image/webp":
            case "image/gif":
            case "image/bmp":
            case "image/x-ico":
            case "image/vnd.wap.wbmp":
            case "image/x-sony-arw":
            case "image/x-canon-cr2":
            case "image/x-adobe-dng":
            case "image/x-nikon-nef":
            case "image/x-nikon-nrw":
            case "image/x-olympus-orf":
            case "image/x-fuji-raf":
            case "image/x-panasonic-rw2":
            case "image/x-pentax-pef":
            case "image/x-samsung-srw":
                return true;
            case "image/heif":
            case "image/heic":
                return isHevcDecoderSupported();
            case "image/avif":
                return isP010SupportedForAV1();
            default:
                return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Create a new {@link Source Source} from a resource.
     *
     * @param res the {@link Resources} object containing the image data.
     * @param resId resource ID of the image data.
     * @return a new Source object, which can be passed to
     *      {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable} or
     *      {@link #decodeBitmap decodeBitmap}.
     */
    @AnyThread
    @NonNull
    public static Source createSource(@NonNull Resources res, int resId)
    {
        return new ResourceSource(res, resId);
    }

    /**
     * Create a new {@link Source Source} from a {@link android.net.Uri}.
     *
     * <h5>Accepts the following URI schemes:</h5>
     * <ul>
     * <li>content ({@link ContentResolver#SCHEME_CONTENT})</li>
     * <li>android.resource ({@link ContentResolver#SCHEME_ANDROID_RESOURCE})</li>
     * <li>file ({@link ContentResolver#SCHEME_FILE})</li>
     * </ul>
     *
     * @param cr to retrieve from.
     * @param uri of the image file.
     * @return a new Source object, which can be passed to
     *      {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable} or
     *      {@link #decodeBitmap decodeBitmap}.
     */
    @AnyThread
    @NonNull
    public static Source createSource(@NonNull ContentResolver cr,
            @NonNull Uri uri) {
        return new ContentResolverSource(cr, uri, null);
    }

    /**
     * Provide Resources for density scaling.
     *
     * @hide
     */
    @AnyThread
    @NonNull
    public static Source createSource(@NonNull ContentResolver cr,
            @NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable Resources res) {
        return new ContentResolverSource(cr, uri, res);
    }

    /**
     * Create a new {@link Source Source} from a file in the "assets" directory.
     */
    @AnyThread
    @NonNull
    public static Source createSource(@NonNull AssetManager assets, @NonNull String fileName) {
        return new AssetSource(assets, fileName);
    }

    /**
     * Create a new {@link Source Source} from a byte array.
     *
     * <p>Note: If this {@code Source} is passed to {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable},
     * and the encoded image is animated, the returned {@link AnimatedImageDrawable}
     * will continue reading from {@code data}, so its contents must not
     * be modified, even after the {@code AnimatedImageDrawable} is returned.
     * {@code data}'s contents should never be modified during decode.</p>
     *
     * @param data byte array of compressed image data.
     * @param offset offset into data for where the decoder should begin
     *      parsing.
     * @param length number of bytes, beginning at offset, to parse.
     * @return a new Source object, which can be passed to
     *      {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable} or
     *      {@link #decodeBitmap decodeBitmap}.
     * @throws NullPointerException if data is null.
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if offset and length are
     *      not within data.
     */
    @AnyThread
    @NonNull
    public static Source createSource(@NonNull byte[] data, int offset,
            int length) throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException {
        if (data == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("null byte[] in createSource!");
        }
        if (offset < 0 || length < 0 || offset >= data.length ||
                offset + length > data.length) {
            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(
                    "invalid offset/length!");
        }
        return new ByteArraySource(data, offset, length);
    }

    /**
     * Create a new {@link Source Source} from a byte array.
     *
     * <p>Note: If this {@code Source} is passed to {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable},
     * and the encoded image is animated, the returned {@link AnimatedImageDrawable}
     * will continue reading from {@code data}, so its contents must not
     * be modified, even after the {@code AnimatedImageDrawable} is returned.
     * {@code data}'s contents should never be modified during decode.</p>
     *
     * @param data byte array of compressed image data.
     * @return a new Source object, which can be passed to
     *      {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable} or
     *      {@link #decodeBitmap decodeBitmap}.
     * @throws NullPointerException if data is null.
     */
    @AnyThread
    @NonNull
    public static Source createSource(@NonNull byte[] data) {
        return createSource(data, 0, data.length);
    }

    /**
     * Create a new {@link Source Source} from a {@link java.nio.ByteBuffer}.
     *
     * <p>Decoding will start from {@link java.nio.ByteBuffer#position() buffer.position()}.
     * The position of {@code buffer} will not be affected.</p>
     *
     * <p>Note: If this {@code Source} is passed to {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable},
     * and the encoded image is animated, the returned {@link AnimatedImageDrawable}
     * will continue reading from the {@code buffer}, so its contents must not
     * be modified, even after the {@code AnimatedImageDrawable} is returned.
     * {@code buffer}'s contents should never be modified during decode.</p>
     *
     * @return a new Source object, which can be passed to
     *      {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable} or
     *      {@link #decodeBitmap decodeBitmap}.
     */
    @AnyThread
    @NonNull
    public static Source createSource(@NonNull ByteBuffer buffer) {
        return new ByteBufferSource(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * Internal API used to generate bitmaps for use by Drawables (i.e. BitmapDrawable)
     *
     * <p>Unlike other Sources, this one cannot be reused.</p>
     *
     * @hide
     */
    @AnyThread
    @NonNull
    public static Source createSource(Resources res, @NonNull InputStream is) {
        return new InputStreamSource(res, is, Bitmap.getDefaultDensity());
    }

    /**
     * Internal API used to generate bitmaps for use by Drawables (i.e. BitmapDrawable)
     *
     * <p>Unlike other Sources, this one cannot be reused.</p>
     *
     * @hide
     */
    @AnyThread
    @TestApi
    @NonNull
    public static Source createSource(Resources res, @NonNull InputStream is, int density) {
        return new InputStreamSource(res, is, density);
    }

    /**
     * Create a new {@link Source Source} from a {@link java.io.File}.
     * <p>
     * This method should only be used for files that you have direct access to;
     * if you'd like to work with files hosted outside your app, use an API like
     * {@link #createSource(Callable)} or
     * {@link #createSource(ContentResolver, Uri)}.
     * @return a new Source object, which can be passed to
     *      {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable} or
     *      {@link #decodeBitmap decodeBitmap}.
     */
    @AnyThread
    @NonNull
    public static Source createSource(@NonNull File file) {
        return new FileSource(file);
    }

    /**
     * Create a new {@link Source Source} from a {@link Callable} that returns a
     * new {@link AssetFileDescriptor} for each request. This provides control
     * over how the {@link AssetFileDescriptor} is created, such as passing
     * options into {@link ContentResolver#openTypedAssetFileDescriptor}, or
     * enabling use of a {@link android.os.CancellationSignal}.
     * <p>
     * It's important for the given {@link Callable} to return a new, unique
     * {@link AssetFileDescriptor} for each invocation, to support reuse of the
     * returned {@link Source Source}.
     *
     * @return a new Source object, which can be passed to
     *         {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable} or {@link #decodeBitmap
     *         decodeBitmap}.
     */
    @AnyThread
    @NonNull
    public static Source createSource(@NonNull Callable<AssetFileDescriptor> callable) {
        return new CallableSource(callable);
    }

    /**
     *  Return the width and height of a given sample size.
     *
     *  <p>This takes an input that functions like
     *  {@link BitmapFactory.Options#inSampleSize}. It returns a width and
     *  height that can be achieved by sampling the encoded image. Other widths
     *  and heights may be supported, but will require an additional (internal)
     *  scaling step. Such internal scaling is *not* supported with
     *  {@link #setUnpremultipliedRequired} set to {@code true}.</p>
     *
     *  @param sampleSize Sampling rate of the encoded image.
     *  @return {@link android.util.Size} of the width and height after
     *      sampling.
     */
    @NonNull
    private Size getSampledSize(int sampleSize) {
        if (sampleSize <= 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("sampleSize must be positive! "
                    + "provided " + sampleSize);
        }
        if (mNativePtr == 0) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("ImageDecoder is closed!");
        }

        return nGetSampledSize(mNativePtr, sampleSize);
    }

    // Modifiers

    /**
     *  Specify the size of the output {@link Drawable} or {@link Bitmap}.
     *
     *  <p>By default, the output size will match the size of the encoded
     *  image, which can be retrieved from the {@link ImageInfo ImageInfo} in
     *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}.</p>
     *
     *  <p>This will sample or scale the output to an arbitrary size that may
     *  be smaller or larger than the encoded size.</p>
     *
     *  <p>Only the last call to this or {@link #setTargetSampleSize} is
     *  respected.</p>
     *
     *  <p>Like all setters on ImageDecoder, this must be called inside
     *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}.</p>
     *
     *  @param width width in pixels of the output, must be greater than 0
     *  @param height height in pixels of the output, must be greater than 0
     */
    public void setTargetSize(@Px @IntRange(from = 1) int width,
                              @Px @IntRange(from = 1) int height) {
        if (width <= 0 || height <= 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Dimensions must be positive! "
                    + "provided (" + width + ", " + height + ")");
        }

        mDesiredWidth = width;
        mDesiredHeight = height;
    }

    private int getTargetDimension(int original, int sampleSize, int computed) {
        // Sampling will never result in a smaller size than 1.
        if (sampleSize >= original) {
            return 1;
        }

        // Use integer divide to find the desired size. If that is what
        // getSampledSize computed, that is the size to use.
        int target = original / sampleSize;
        if (computed == target) {
            return computed;
        }

        // If sampleSize does not divide evenly into original, the decoder
        // may round in either direction. It just needs to get a result that
        // is close.
        int reverse = computed * sampleSize;
        if (Math.abs(reverse - original) < sampleSize) {
            // This is the size that can be decoded most efficiently.
            return computed;
        }

        // The decoder could not get close (e.g. it is a DNG image).
        return target;
    }

    /**
     *  Set the target size with a sampleSize.
     *
     *  <p>By default, the output size will match the size of the encoded
     *  image, which can be retrieved from the {@link ImageInfo ImageInfo} in
     *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}.</p>
     *
     *  <p>Requests the decoder to subsample the original image, returning a
     *  smaller image to save memory. The {@code sampleSize} is the number of pixels
     *  in either dimension that correspond to a single pixel in the output.
     *  For example, {@code sampleSize == 4} returns an image that is 1/4 the
     *  width/height of the original, and 1/16 the number of pixels.</p>
     *
     *  <p>Must be greater than or equal to 1.</p>
     *
     *  <p>This has the same effect as calling {@link #setTargetSize} with
     *  dimensions based on the {@code sampleSize}. Unlike dividing the original
     *  width and height by the {@code sampleSize} manually, calling this method
     *  allows {@code ImageDecoder} to round in the direction that it can do most
     *  efficiently.</p>
     *
     *  <p>Only the last call to this or {@link #setTargetSize} is respected.</p>
     *
     *  <p>Like all setters on ImageDecoder, this must be called inside
     *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}.</p>
     *
     *  @param sampleSize sampling rate of the encoded image.
     */
    public void setTargetSampleSize(@IntRange(from = 1) int sampleSize) {
        Size size = this.getSampledSize(sampleSize);
        int targetWidth = getTargetDimension(mWidth, sampleSize, size.getWidth());
        int targetHeight = getTargetDimension(mHeight, sampleSize, size.getHeight());
        this.setTargetSize(targetWidth, targetHeight);
    }

    private boolean requestedResize() {
        return mWidth != mDesiredWidth || mHeight != mDesiredHeight;
    }

    // These need to stay in sync with ImageDecoder.cpp's Allocator enum.
    /**
     *  Use the default allocation for the pixel memory.
     *
     *  Will typically result in a {@link Bitmap.Config#HARDWARE}
     *  allocation, but may be software for small images. In addition, this will
     *  switch to software when HARDWARE is incompatible, e.g.
     *  {@link #setMutableRequired setMutableRequired(true)} or
     *  {@link #setDecodeAsAlphaMaskEnabled setDecodeAsAlphaMaskEnabled(true)}.
     */
    public static final int ALLOCATOR_DEFAULT = 0;

    /**
     *  Use a software allocation for the pixel memory.
     *
     *  <p>Useful for drawing to a software {@link Canvas} or for
     *  accessing the pixels on the final output.
     */
    public static final int ALLOCATOR_SOFTWARE = 1;

    /**
     *  Use shared memory for the pixel memory.
     *
     *  <p>Useful for sharing across processes.
     */
    public static final int ALLOCATOR_SHARED_MEMORY = 2;

    /**
     *  Require a {@link Bitmap.Config#HARDWARE} {@link Bitmap}.
     *
     *  <p>When this is combined with incompatible options, like
     *  {@link #setMutableRequired setMutableRequired(true)} or
     *  {@link #setDecodeAsAlphaMaskEnabled setDecodeAsAlphaMaskEnabled(true)},
     *  {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable} or {@link #decodeBitmap decodeBitmap}
     *  will throw an {@link java.lang.IllegalStateException}.
     */
    public static final int ALLOCATOR_HARDWARE = 3;

    /** @hide **/
    @Retention(SOURCE)
    @IntDef(value = { ALLOCATOR_DEFAULT, ALLOCATOR_SOFTWARE,
              ALLOCATOR_SHARED_MEMORY, ALLOCATOR_HARDWARE },
              prefix = {"ALLOCATOR_"})
    public @interface Allocator {};

    /**
     *  Choose the backing for the pixel memory.
     *
     *  <p>This is ignored for animated drawables.</p>
     *
     *  <p>Like all setters on ImageDecoder, this must be called inside
     *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}.</p>
     *
     *  @param allocator Type of allocator to use.
     */
    public void setAllocator(@Allocator int allocator) {
        if (allocator < ALLOCATOR_DEFAULT || allocator > ALLOCATOR_HARDWARE) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid allocator " + allocator);
        }
        mAllocator = allocator;
    }

    /**
     *  Return the allocator for the pixel memory.
     */
    @Allocator
    public int getAllocator() {
        return mAllocator;
    }

    /**
     *  Set a maximum memory limit (bytes) for an image decode.
     *
     *  <p>Memory usage is tracked during the decoding process, for instance when
     * calling {@link decodeBitmap} or {@link decodeDrawable}. If an allocation is expected to
     * raise the decode memory usage over the allocation limit, the decode is aborted and an
     * {@link IOException} is thrown by decode function.
     * <p>The limit is applied per each image decode. The default limit is 0.5GiB. 0 indicates no
     * limit.</p>
     */
    @FlaggedApi(Flags.FLAG_IMAGE_DECODER_ALLOCATION_LIMIT)
    public void setAllocationLimit(long limit) {
        if (limit < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("allocation limit cannot be negative: " + limit);
        }
        mAllocationLimit = limit;
    }

    /**
     *  Get the maximum memory limit in bytes for image decoding.
     */
    @FlaggedApi(Flags.FLAG_IMAGE_DECODER_ALLOCATION_LIMIT)
    public long getAllocationLimit() {
        return mAllocationLimit;
    }

    /**
     *  Specify whether the {@link Bitmap} should have unpremultiplied pixels.
     *
     *  <p>By default, ImageDecoder will create a {@link Bitmap} with
     *  premultiplied pixels, which is required for drawing with the
     *  {@link android.view.View} system (i.e. to a {@link Canvas}). Calling
     *  this method with a value of {@code true} will result in
     *  {@link #decodeBitmap} returning a {@link Bitmap} with unpremultiplied
     *  pixels. See {@link Bitmap#isPremultiplied Bitmap.isPremultiplied()}.
     *  This is incompatible with {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable};
     *  attempting to decode an unpremultiplied {@link Drawable} will throw an
     *  {@link java.lang.IllegalStateException}. </p>
     *
     *  <p>Like all setters on ImageDecoder, this must be called inside
     *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}.</p>
     */
    public void setUnpremultipliedRequired(boolean unpremultipliedRequired) {
        mUnpremultipliedRequired = unpremultipliedRequired;
    }

    /**
     *  Return whether the {@link Bitmap} will have unpremultiplied pixels.
     */
    public boolean isUnpremultipliedRequired() {
        return mUnpremultipliedRequired;
    }

    /**
     *  Modify the image after decoding and scaling.
     *
     *  <p>This allows adding effects prior to returning a {@link Drawable} or
     *  {@link Bitmap}. For a {@code Drawable} or an immutable {@code Bitmap},
     *  this is the only way to process the image after decoding.</p>
     *
     *  <p>If combined with {@link #setTargetSize} and/or {@link #setCrop},
     *  {@link PostProcessor#onPostProcess} occurs last.</p>
     *
     *  <p>If set on a nine-patch image, the nine-patch data is ignored.</p>
     *
     *  <p>For an animated image, the drawing commands drawn on the
     *  {@link Canvas} will be recorded immediately and then applied to each
     *  frame.</p>
     *
     *  <p>Like all setters on ImageDecoder, this must be called inside
     *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}.</p>
     *
     */
    public void setPostProcessor(@Nullable PostProcessor postProcessor) {
        mPostProcessor = postProcessor;
    }

    /**
     *  Return the {@link PostProcessor} currently set.
     */
    @Nullable
    public PostProcessor getPostProcessor() {
        return mPostProcessor;
    }

    /**
     *  Set (replace) the {@link OnPartialImageListener} on this object.
     *
     *  <p>Will be called if there is an error in the input. Without one, an
     *  error will result in an {@code Exception} being thrown.</p>
     *
     *  <p>Like all setters on ImageDecoder, this must be called inside
     *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}.</p>
     *
     */
    public void setOnPartialImageListener(@Nullable OnPartialImageListener listener) {
        mOnPartialImageListener = listener;
    }

    /**
     *  Return the {@link OnPartialImageListener OnPartialImageListener} currently set.
     */
    @Nullable
    public OnPartialImageListener getOnPartialImageListener() {
        return mOnPartialImageListener;
    }

    /**
     *  Crop the output to {@code subset} of the (possibly) scaled image.
     *
     *  <p>{@code subset} must be contained within the size set by
     *  {@link #setTargetSize} or the bounds of the image if setTargetSize was
     *  not called. Otherwise an {@link IllegalStateException} will be thrown by
     *  {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable}/{@link #decodeBitmap decodeBitmap}.</p>
     *
     *  <p>NOT intended as a replacement for
     *  {@link BitmapRegionDecoder#decodeRegion BitmapRegionDecoder.decodeRegion()}.
     *  This supports all formats, but merely crops the output.</p>
     *
     *  <p>Like all setters on ImageDecoder, this must be called inside
     *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}.</p>
     *
     */
    public void setCrop(@Nullable Rect subset) {
        mCropRect = subset;
    }

    /**
     *  Return the cropping rectangle, if set.
     */
    @Nullable
    public Rect getCrop() {
        return mCropRect;
    }

    /**
     *  Set a Rect for retrieving nine patch padding.
     *
     *  If the image is a nine patch, this Rect will be set to the padding
     *  rectangle during decode. Otherwise it will not be modified.
     *
     *  <p>Like all setters on ImageDecoder, this must be called inside
     *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}.</p>
     *
     *  @hide
     *  Must be public for access from android.graphics.drawable,
     *  but must not be called from outside the UI module.
     */
    public void setOutPaddingRect(@NonNull Rect outPadding) {
        mOutPaddingRect = outPadding;
    }

    /**
     *  Specify whether the {@link Bitmap} should be mutable.
     *
     *  <p>By default, a {@link Bitmap} created by {@link #decodeBitmap decodeBitmap}
     *  will be immutable i.e. {@link Bitmap#isMutable() Bitmap.isMutable()} returns
     *  {@code false}. This can be changed with {@code setMutableRequired(true)}.
     *
     *  <p>Mutable Bitmaps are incompatible with {@link #ALLOCATOR_HARDWARE},
     *  because {@link Bitmap.Config#HARDWARE} Bitmaps cannot be mutable.
     *  Attempting to combine them will throw an
     *  {@link java.lang.IllegalStateException}.</p>
     *
     *  <p>Mutable Bitmaps are also incompatible with {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable},
     *  which would require retrieving the Bitmap from the returned Drawable in
     *  order to modify. Attempting to decode a mutable {@link Drawable} will
     *  throw an {@link java.lang.IllegalStateException}.</p>
     *
     *  <p>Like all setters on ImageDecoder, this must be called inside
     *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}.</p>
     */
    public void setMutableRequired(boolean mutable) {
        mMutable = mutable;
    }

    /**
     *  Return whether the decoded {@link Bitmap} will be mutable.
     */
    public boolean isMutableRequired() {
        return mMutable;
    }

    /**
     * Save memory if possible by using a denser {@link Bitmap.Config} at the
     * cost of some image quality.
     *
     * <p>For example an opaque 8-bit image may be compressed into an
     * {@link Bitmap.Config#RGB_565} configuration, sacrificing image
     * quality to save memory.
     */
    public static final int MEMORY_POLICY_LOW_RAM = 0;

    /**
     * Use the most natural {@link Bitmap.Config} for the internal {@link Bitmap}.
     *
     * <p>This is the recommended default for most applications and usages. This
     * will use the closest {@link Bitmap.Config} for the encoded source. If the
     * encoded source does not exactly match any {@link Bitmap.Config}, the next
     * highest quality {@link Bitmap.Config} will be used avoiding any loss in
     * image quality.
     */
    public static final int MEMORY_POLICY_DEFAULT  = 1;

    /** @hide **/
    @Retention(SOURCE)
    @IntDef(value = { MEMORY_POLICY_DEFAULT, MEMORY_POLICY_LOW_RAM },
              prefix = {"MEMORY_POLICY_"})
    public @interface MemoryPolicy {};

    /**
     *  Specify the memory policy for the decoded {@link Bitmap}.
     *
     *  <p>Like all setters on ImageDecoder, this must be called inside
     *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}.</p>
     */
    public void setMemorySizePolicy(@MemoryPolicy int policy) {
        mConserveMemory = (policy == MEMORY_POLICY_LOW_RAM);
    }

    /**
     *  Retrieve the memory policy for the decoded {@link Bitmap}.
     */
    @MemoryPolicy
    public int getMemorySizePolicy() {
        return mConserveMemory ? MEMORY_POLICY_LOW_RAM : MEMORY_POLICY_DEFAULT;
    }

    /**
     *  Specify whether to potentially treat the output as an alpha mask.
     *
     *  <p>If this is set to {@code true} and the image is encoded in a format
     *  with only one channel, treat that channel as alpha. Otherwise this call has
     *  no effect.</p>
     *
     *  <p>This is incompatible with {@link #ALLOCATOR_HARDWARE}. Trying to
     *  combine them will result in {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable}/
     *  {@link #decodeBitmap decodeBitmap} throwing an
     *  {@link java.lang.IllegalStateException}.</p>
     *
     *  <p>Like all setters on ImageDecoder, this must be called inside
     *  {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}.</p>
     */
    public void setDecodeAsAlphaMaskEnabled(boolean enabled) {
        mDecodeAsAlphaMask = enabled;
    }

    /**
     *  Return whether to treat single channel input as alpha.
     *
     *  <p>This returns whether {@link #setDecodeAsAlphaMaskEnabled} was set to
     *  {@code true}. It may still return {@code true} even if the image has
     *  more than one channel and therefore will not be treated as an alpha
     *  mask.</p>
     */
    public boolean isDecodeAsAlphaMaskEnabled() {
        return mDecodeAsAlphaMask;
    }

    /**
     * Specify the desired {@link ColorSpace} for the output.
     *
     * <p>If non-null, the decoder will try to decode into {@code colorSpace}.
     * If it is null, which is the default, or the request cannot be met, the
     * decoder will pick either the color space embedded in the image or the
     * {@link ColorSpace} best suited for the requested image configuration
     * (for instance {@link ColorSpace.Named#SRGB sRGB} for the
     * {@link Bitmap.Config#ARGB_8888} configuration and
     * {@link ColorSpace.Named#EXTENDED_SRGB EXTENDED_SRGB} for
     * {@link Bitmap.Config#RGBA_F16}).</p>
     *
     * <p class="note">Only {@link ColorSpace.Model#RGB} color spaces are
     * currently supported. An <code>IllegalArgumentException</code> will
     * be thrown by {@link #decodeDrawable decodeDrawable}/
     * {@link #decodeBitmap decodeBitmap} when setting a non-RGB color space
     * such as {@link ColorSpace.Named#CIE_LAB Lab}.</p>
     *
     * <p class="note">Prior to {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE},
     * the specified color space's transfer function must be
     * an {@link ColorSpace.Rgb.TransferParameters ICC parametric curve}. An
     * <code>IllegalArgumentException</code> will be thrown by the decode methods
     * if calling {@link ColorSpace.Rgb#getTransferParameters()} on the
     * specified color space returns null.
     * Starting from {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE},
     * the color spaces with non ICC parametric curve transfer function are allowed.
     * E.g., {@link ColorSpace.Named#BT2020_HLG BT2020_HLG}.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>Like all setters on ImageDecoder, this must be called inside
     * {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener#onHeaderDecoded onHeaderDecoded}.</p>
     */
    public void setTargetColorSpace(ColorSpace colorSpace) {
        mDesiredColorSpace = colorSpace;
    }

    /**
     * Closes this resource, relinquishing any underlying resources. This method
     * is invoked automatically on objects managed by the try-with-resources
     * statement.
     *
     * <p>This is an implementation detail of {@link ImageDecoder}, and should
     * never be called manually.</p>
     */
    @Override
    public void close() {
        mCloseGuard.close();
        if (!mClosed.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
            return;
        }
        nClose(mNativePtr);
        mNativePtr = 0;

        if (mOwnsInputStream) {
            IoUtils.closeQuietly(mInputStream);
        }
        IoUtils.closeQuietly(mAssetFd);

        mInputStream = null;
        mAssetFd = null;
        mTempStorage = null;
    }

    private void checkState(boolean animated) {
        if (mNativePtr == 0) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot use closed ImageDecoder!");
        }

        checkSubset(mDesiredWidth, mDesiredHeight, mCropRect);

        // animated ignores the allocator, so no need to check for incompatible
        // fields.
        if (!animated && mAllocator == ALLOCATOR_HARDWARE) {
            if (mMutable) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot make mutable HARDWARE Bitmap!");
            }
            if (mDecodeAsAlphaMask) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot make HARDWARE Alpha mask Bitmap!");
            }
        }

        if (mPostProcessor != null && mUnpremultipliedRequired) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot draw to unpremultiplied pixels!");
        }
    }

    private static void checkSubset(int width, int height, Rect r) {
        if (r == null) {
            return;
        }
        if (r.width() <= 0 || r.height() <= 0) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Subset " + r + " is empty/unsorted");
        }
        if (r.left < 0 || r.top < 0 || r.right > width || r.bottom > height) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Subset " + r + " not contained by "
                    + "scaled image bounds: (" + width + " x " + height + ")");
        }
    }

    private boolean checkForExtended() {
        if (mDesiredColorSpace == null) {
            return false;
        }
        return mDesiredColorSpace == ColorSpace.get(ColorSpace.Named.EXTENDED_SRGB)
                || mDesiredColorSpace == ColorSpace.get(ColorSpace.Named.LINEAR_EXTENDED_SRGB);
    }

    private long getColorSpacePtr() {
        if (mDesiredColorSpace == null) {
            return 0;
        }
        return mDesiredColorSpace.getNativeInstance();
    }

    @WorkerThread
    @NonNull
    private Bitmap decodeBitmapInternal() throws IOException {
        checkState(false);
        return nDecodeBitmap(mNativePtr, this, mPostProcessor != null,
                mDesiredWidth, mDesiredHeight, mCropRect,
                mMutable, mAllocator, mUnpremultipliedRequired,
                mConserveMemory, mDecodeAsAlphaMask, getColorSpacePtr(),
                checkForExtended(), mAllocationLimit);
    }

    private static OnHeaderDecodedListener sDefaultProcessListener = null;
    private static ThreadLocal<OnHeaderDecodedListener> sDefaultThreadListener =
            new ThreadLocal<>();

    // Listeners are nullable so must use separate object to lock.
    private static final Object sListenerLock = new Object();

    /**
     * Set the thread-level default {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener}. A subsequent call
     * will overwrite any previous calls.
     *
     * <p>If set, this is the first {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener} to run during image decoding.
     * At the time of decoding, a listener can also be provided to
     * {@link #decodeDrawable(Source, OnHeaderDecodedListener)} which is run after the
     * thread-level default.
     *
     * <p>Note: setting a thread-level default will cause the process-level default set by
     * {@link #setDefaultProcessListener(OnHeaderDecodedListener)} to be skipped on that thread.
     * The listener passed to {@link #decodeDrawable} will always run.
     */
    @FlaggedApi(Flags.FLAG_IMAGE_DECODER_DEFAULT_LISTENER)
    public static void setDefaultThreadListener(@Nullable OnHeaderDecodedListener listener) {
        sDefaultThreadListener.set(listener);
    }

    /**
     * Return the thread-level default {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener}.
     */
    @Nullable
    @FlaggedApi(Flags.FLAG_IMAGE_DECODER_DEFAULT_LISTENER)
    public static OnHeaderDecodedListener getDefaultThreadListener() {
        return sDefaultThreadListener.get();
    }

    /**
     * Set the process-level default {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener}. A subsequent call
     * will overwrite any previous calls.
     *
     * <p>If there is no thread-level default set on the current thread, this is the first
     * {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener} to run during image decoding. At the time of decoding, a
     * listener can also be provided to {@link #decodeDrawable(Source, OnHeaderDecodedListener)}
     * which is run after the process-level default.
     *
     * <p>Note: setting a thread-level default via
     * {@link #setDefaultThreadListener(OnHeaderDecodedListener)} will cause the process-level
     * default to be skipped on that thread. The listener passed to {@link #decodeDrawable} will
     * always run.
     */
    @FlaggedApi(Flags.FLAG_IMAGE_DECODER_DEFAULT_LISTENER)
    public static void setDefaultProcessListener(@Nullable OnHeaderDecodedListener listener) {
        synchronized (sListenerLock) {
            sDefaultProcessListener = listener;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Return the process-level default {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener}.
     */
    @Nullable
    @FlaggedApi(Flags.FLAG_IMAGE_DECODER_DEFAULT_LISTENER)
    public static OnHeaderDecodedListener getDefaultProcessListener() {
        synchronized (sListenerLock) {
            return sDefaultProcessListener;
        }
    }

    private void callHeaderDecoded(@Nullable OnHeaderDecodedListener listener,
            @NonNull Source src) {

        OnHeaderDecodedListener threadListener = null;
        OnHeaderDecodedListener processListener = null;

        if (Flags.imageDecoderDefaultListener()) {
            threadListener = getDefaultThreadListener();
            processListener = getDefaultProcessListener();
        }

        if (listener != null || threadListener != null || processListener != null) {
            ImageInfo info =
                    new ImageInfo(
                            new Size(mWidth, mHeight), mAnimated, getMimeType(), getColorSpace());

            // Thread listener preferred over process listener to set defaults.
            if (threadListener != null) {
                threadListener.onHeaderDecoded(this, info, src);
            } else if (processListener != null) {
                processListener.onHeaderDecoded(this, info, src);
            }

            // Always invoke a provided listener.
            if (listener != null) {
                listener.onHeaderDecoded(this, info, src);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Return {@link ImageInfo} from a {@code Source}.
     *
     * <p>Returns the same {@link ImageInfo} object that a usual decoding process would return as
     * part of {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener}.
     *
     * @param src representing the encoded image.
     * @return ImageInfo describing the image.
     * @throws IOException if {@code src} is not found, is an unsupported format, or cannot be
     *     decoded for any reason.
     * @hide
     */
    @WorkerThread
    @NonNull
    public static ImageInfo decodeHeader(@NonNull Source src) throws IOException {
        Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_RESOURCES, "ImageDecoder#decodeHeader");
        try (ImageDecoder decoder = src.createImageDecoder(true /*preferAnimation*/)) {
            // We don't want to leak decoder so resolve all properties immediately.
            return new ImageInfo(
                    new Size(decoder.mWidth, decoder.mHeight),
                    decoder.mAnimated,
                    decoder.getMimeType(),
                    decoder.getColorSpace());
        } finally {
            // Close the ImageDecoder#decodeHeader trace.
            Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_RESOURCES);
        }
    }

    /**
     *  Create a {@link Drawable} from a {@code Source}.
     *
     *  @param src representing the encoded image.
     *  @param listener for learning the {@link ImageInfo ImageInfo} and changing any
     *      default settings on the {@code ImageDecoder}. This will be called on
     *      the same thread as {@code decodeDrawable} before that method returns.
     *      This is required in order to change any of the default settings.
     *  @return Drawable for displaying the image.
     *  @throws IOException if {@code src} is not found, is an unsupported
     *      format, or cannot be decoded for any reason.
     */
    @WorkerThread
    @NonNull
    public static Drawable decodeDrawable(@NonNull Source src,
            @NonNull OnHeaderDecodedListener listener) throws IOException {
        if (listener == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("listener cannot be null! "
                    + "Use decodeDrawable(Source) to not have a listener");
        }
        return decodeDrawableImpl(src, listener);
    }

    @WorkerThread
    @NonNull
    private static Drawable decodeDrawableImpl(@NonNull Source src,
            @Nullable OnHeaderDecodedListener listener) throws IOException {
        Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_RESOURCES, "ImageDecoder#decodeDrawable");
        try (ImageDecoder decoder = src.createImageDecoder(true /*preferAnimation*/)) {
            decoder.mSource = src;
            decoder.callHeaderDecoded(listener, src);

            try (ImageDecoderSourceTrace unused = new ImageDecoderSourceTrace(decoder)) {
                if (decoder.mUnpremultipliedRequired) {
                    // Though this could be supported (ignored) for opaque images,
                    // it seems better to always report this error.
                    throw new IllegalStateException(
                            "Cannot decode a Drawable with unpremultiplied pixels!");
                }

                if (decoder.mMutable) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot decode a mutable Drawable!");
                }

                // this call potentially manipulates the decoder so it must be performed prior to
                // decoding the bitmap and after decode set the density on the resulting bitmap
                final int srcDensity = decoder.computeDensity(src);
                if (decoder.mAnimated) {
                    // AnimatedImageDrawable calls postProcessAndRelease only if
                    // mPostProcessor exists.
                    ImageDecoder postProcessPtr = decoder.mPostProcessor == null ? null : decoder;
                    decoder.checkState(true);
                    Drawable d = new AnimatedImageDrawable(decoder.mNativePtr,
                            postProcessPtr, decoder.mDesiredWidth,
                            decoder.mDesiredHeight, decoder.getColorSpacePtr(),
                            decoder.checkForExtended(), srcDensity,
                            src.computeDstDensity(), decoder.mCropRect,
                            decoder.mInputStream, decoder.mAssetFd);
                    // d has taken ownership of these objects.
                    decoder.mInputStream = null;
                    decoder.mAssetFd = null;
                    return d;
                }

                Bitmap bm = decoder.decodeBitmapInternal();
                bm.setDensity(srcDensity);

                Resources res = src.getResources();
                byte[] np = bm.getNinePatchChunk();
                if (np != null && NinePatch.isNinePatchChunk(np)) {
                    Rect opticalInsets = new Rect();
                    bm.getOpticalInsets(opticalInsets);
                    Rect padding = decoder.mOutPaddingRect;
                    if (padding == null) {
                        padding = new Rect();
                    }
                    nGetPadding(decoder.mNativePtr, padding);
                    return new NinePatchDrawable(res, bm, np, padding,
                            opticalInsets, null);
                }

                return new BitmapDrawable(res, bm);
            }
        } finally {
            // Close the ImageDecoder#decode trace.
            Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_RESOURCES);
        }
    }

    /**
     *  Create a {@link Drawable} from a {@code Source}.
     *
     *  <p>Since there is no {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener OnHeaderDecodedListener},
     *  the default settings will be used. In order to change any settings, call
     *  {@link #decodeDrawable(Source, OnHeaderDecodedListener)} instead.</p>
     *
     *  @param src representing the encoded image.
     *  @return Drawable for displaying the image.
     *  @throws IOException if {@code src} is not found, is an unsupported
     *      format, or cannot be decoded for any reason.
     */
    @WorkerThread
    @NonNull
    public static Drawable decodeDrawable(@NonNull Source src)
            throws IOException {
        return decodeDrawableImpl(src, null);
    }

    /**
     *  Create a {@link Bitmap} from a {@code Source}.
     *
     *  @param src representing the encoded image.
     *  @param listener for learning the {@link ImageInfo ImageInfo} and changing any
     *      default settings on the {@code ImageDecoder}. This will be called on
     *      the same thread as {@code decodeBitmap} before that method returns.
     *      This is required in order to change any of the default settings.
     *  @return Bitmap containing the image.
     *  @throws IOException if {@code src} is not found, is an unsupported
     *      format, or cannot be decoded for any reason.
     */
    @WorkerThread
    @NonNull
    public static Bitmap decodeBitmap(@NonNull Source src,
            @NonNull OnHeaderDecodedListener listener) throws IOException {
        if (listener == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("listener cannot be null! "
                    + "Use decodeBitmap(Source) to not have a listener");
        }
        return decodeBitmapImpl(src, listener);
    }

    @WorkerThread
    @NonNull
    private static Bitmap decodeBitmapImpl(@NonNull Source src,
            @Nullable OnHeaderDecodedListener listener) throws IOException {
        Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_RESOURCES, "ImageDecoder#decodeBitmap");
        try (ImageDecoder decoder = src.createImageDecoder(false /*preferAnimation*/)) {
            decoder.mSource = src;
            decoder.callHeaderDecoded(listener, src);
            try (ImageDecoderSourceTrace unused = new ImageDecoderSourceTrace(decoder)) {
                // this call potentially manipulates the decoder so it must be performed prior to
                // decoding the bitmap
                final int srcDensity = decoder.computeDensity(src);
                Bitmap bm = decoder.decodeBitmapInternal();
                bm.setDensity(srcDensity);

                Rect padding = decoder.mOutPaddingRect;
                if (padding != null) {
                    byte[] np = bm.getNinePatchChunk();
                    if (np != null && NinePatch.isNinePatchChunk(np)) {
                        nGetPadding(decoder.mNativePtr, padding);
                    }
                }
                return bm;
            }
        } finally {
            // Close the ImageDecoder#decode trace.
            Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_RESOURCES);
        }
    }

    /**
     * This describes the decoder in traces to ease debugging. It has to be called after
     * header has been decoded and width/height have been populated. It should be used
     * inside a try-with-resources call to automatically complete the trace.
     */
    private static AutoCloseable traceDecoderSource(ImageDecoder decoder) {
        final boolean resourceTracingEnabled = Trace.isTagEnabled(Trace.TRACE_TAG_RESOURCES);
        if (resourceTracingEnabled) {
            Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_RESOURCES, describeDecoderForTrace(decoder));
        }

        return new AutoCloseable() {
            @Override
            public void close() throws Exception {
                if (resourceTracingEnabled) {
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_RESOURCES);
                }
            }
        };
    }

    // This method may modify the decoder so it must be called prior to performing the decode
    private int computeDensity(@NonNull Source src) {
        // if the caller changed the size then we treat the density as unknown
        if (this.requestedResize()) {
            return Bitmap.DENSITY_NONE;
        }

        final int srcDensity = src.getDensity();
        if (srcDensity == Bitmap.DENSITY_NONE) {
            return srcDensity;
        }

        // Scaling up nine-patch divs is imprecise and is better handled
        // at draw time. An app won't be relying on the internal Bitmap's
        // size, so it is safe to let NinePatchDrawable handle scaling.
        // mPostProcessor disables nine-patching, so behave normally if
        // it is present.
        if (mIsNinePatch && mPostProcessor == null) {
            return srcDensity;
        }

        // Special stuff for compatibility mode: if the target density is not
        // the same as the display density, but the resource -is- the same as
        // the display density, then don't scale it down to the target density.
        // This allows us to load the system's density-correct resources into
        // an application in compatibility mode, without scaling those down
        // to the compatibility density only to have them scaled back up when
        // drawn to the screen.
        Resources res = src.getResources();
        if (res != null && res.getDisplayMetrics().noncompatDensityDpi == srcDensity) {
            return srcDensity;
        }

        final int dstDensity = src.computeDstDensity();
        if (srcDensity == dstDensity) {
            return srcDensity;
        }

        // For P and above, only resize if it would be a downscale. Scale up prior
        // to P in case the app relies on the Bitmap's size without considering density.
        if (srcDensity < dstDensity
                && Compatibility.getTargetSdkVersion() >= Build.VERSION_CODES.P) {
            return srcDensity;
        }

        float scale = (float) dstDensity / srcDensity;
        int scaledWidth = Math.max((int) (mWidth * scale + 0.5f), 1);
        int scaledHeight = Math.max((int) (mHeight * scale + 0.5f), 1);
        this.setTargetSize(scaledWidth, scaledHeight);
        return dstDensity;
    }

    @NonNull
    private String getMimeType() {
        return nGetMimeType(mNativePtr);
    }

    @Nullable
    private ColorSpace getColorSpace() {
        return nGetColorSpace(mNativePtr);
    }

    /**
     *  Create a {@link Bitmap} from a {@code Source}.
     *
     *  <p>Since there is no {@link OnHeaderDecodedListener OnHeaderDecodedListener},
     *  the default settings will be used. In order to change any settings, call
     *  {@link #decodeBitmap(Source, OnHeaderDecodedListener)} instead.</p>
     *
     *  @param src representing the encoded image.
     *  @return Bitmap containing the image.
     *  @throws IOException if {@code src} is not found, is an unsupported
     *      format, or cannot be decoded for any reason.
     */
    @WorkerThread
    @NonNull
    public static Bitmap decodeBitmap(@NonNull Source src) throws IOException {
        return decodeBitmapImpl(src, null);
    }

    private static boolean sIsHevcDecoderSupported = false;
    private static boolean sIsHevcDecoderSupportedInitialized = false;
    private static final Object sIsHevcDecoderSupportedLock = new Object();

    /*
     * Check if HEVC decoder is supported by the device.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("AndroidFrameworkCompatChange")
    @RavenwoodIgnore(blockedBy = MediaCodecList.class)
    private static boolean isHevcDecoderSupported() {
        synchronized (sIsHevcDecoderSupportedLock) {
            if (sIsHevcDecoderSupportedInitialized) {
                return sIsHevcDecoderSupported;
            }
            MediaFormat format = new MediaFormat();
            format.setString(MediaFormat.KEY_MIME, MediaFormat.MIMETYPE_VIDEO_HEVC);
            MediaCodecList mcl = new MediaCodecList(MediaCodecList.REGULAR_CODECS);
            sIsHevcDecoderSupported = mcl.findDecoderForFormat(format) != null;
            sIsHevcDecoderSupportedInitialized = true;
            return sIsHevcDecoderSupported;
        }
    }

    private static boolean sIsP010SupportedForAV1 = false;
    private static boolean sIsP010SupportedForHEVC = false;
    private static boolean sIsP010SupportedFlagsInitialized = false;
    private static final Object sIsP010SupportedLock = new Object();

    /**
     * Checks if the device supports decoding 10-bit AV1.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("AndroidFrameworkCompatChange")  // This is not an app-visible API.
    @RavenwoodIgnore(blockedBy = MediaCodecList.class)
    private static boolean isP010SupportedForAV1() {
        synchronized (sIsP010SupportedLock) {
            if (sIsP010SupportedFlagsInitialized) {
                return sIsP010SupportedForAV1;
            }
            checkP010SupportforAV1HEVC();
            return sIsP010SupportedForAV1;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Checks if the device supports decoding 10-bit HEVC.
     * This method is called by JNI.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    @RavenwoodIgnore(blockedBy = MediaCodecList.class)
    private static boolean isP010SupportedForHEVC() {
        synchronized (sIsP010SupportedLock) {
            if (sIsP010SupportedFlagsInitialized) {
                return sIsP010SupportedForHEVC;
            }
            checkP010SupportforAV1HEVC();
            return sIsP010SupportedForHEVC;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Checks if the device supports decoding 10-bit for the given mime type.
     */
    private static void checkP010SupportforAV1HEVC() {
        MediaCodecList codecList = new MediaCodecList(MediaCodecList.REGULAR_CODECS);
        for (MediaCodecInfo mediaCodecInfo : codecList.getCodecInfos()) {
            if (mediaCodecInfo.isEncoder()) {
                continue;
            }
            for (String mediaType : mediaCodecInfo.getSupportedTypes()) {
                if (mediaType.equalsIgnoreCase(MediaFormat.MIMETYPE_VIDEO_AV1)
                        || mediaType.equalsIgnoreCase(MediaFormat.MIMETYPE_VIDEO_HEVC)) {
                    MediaCodecInfo.CodecCapabilities codecCapabilities =
                        mediaCodecInfo.getCapabilitiesForType(mediaType);
                    for (int i = 0; i < codecCapabilities.colorFormats.length; ++i) {
                        if (codecCapabilities.colorFormats[i]
                            == MediaCodecInfo.CodecCapabilities.COLOR_FormatYUVP010) {
                            if (mediaType.equalsIgnoreCase(MediaFormat.MIMETYPE_VIDEO_AV1)) {
                                sIsP010SupportedForAV1 = true;
                            } else {
                                sIsP010SupportedForHEVC = true;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        sIsP010SupportedFlagsInitialized = true;
    }

    /**
     * Private method called by JNI.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    private int postProcessAndRelease(@NonNull Canvas canvas) {
        try {
            return mPostProcessor.onPostProcess(canvas);
        } finally {
            canvas.release();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Private method called by JNI.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    private void onPartialImage(@DecodeException.Error int error, @Nullable Throwable cause)
            throws DecodeException {
        if (error == DecodeException.GAINMAP_EXTRACTION_FAILED) {
            if (!Flags.imageDecoderGainmapFail() || Compatibility.getTargetSdkVersion() <= 37) {
                return;
            }
        }
        DecodeException exception = new DecodeException(error, cause, mSource);
        if (mOnPartialImageListener == null
                || !mOnPartialImageListener.onPartialImage(exception)) {
            throw exception;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns a short string describing what passed ImageDecoder is loading -
     * it reports image dimensions, desired dimensions (if any) and source resource.
     *
     * The string appears in perf traces to simplify search for slow or memory intensive
     * image loads.
     *
     * Example: ID#w=300;h=250;dw=150;dh=150;src=Resource{name=@resource}
     *
     * @hide
     */
    private static String describeDecoderForTrace(@NonNull ImageDecoder decoder) {
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        // Source dimensions
        builder.append("ID#w=");
        builder.append(decoder.mWidth);
        builder.append(";h=");
        builder.append(decoder.mHeight);
        // Desired dimensions (if present)
        if (decoder.mDesiredWidth != decoder.mWidth
                || decoder.mDesiredHeight != decoder.mHeight) {
            builder.append(";dw=");
            builder.append(decoder.mDesiredWidth);
            builder.append(";dh=");
            builder.append(decoder.mDesiredHeight);
        }
        // Source description
        builder.append(";src=");
        builder.append(decoder.mSource);
        return builder.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Records a trace with information about the source being decoded - dimensions,
     * desired dimensions and source information.
     *
     * It significantly eases debugging of slow resource loads on main thread and
     * possible large memory consumers.
     *
     * @hide
     */
    private static final class ImageDecoderSourceTrace implements AutoCloseable {

        private final boolean mResourceTracingEnabled;

        ImageDecoderSourceTrace(ImageDecoder decoder) {
            mResourceTracingEnabled = Trace.isTagEnabled(Trace.TRACE_TAG_RESOURCES);
            if (mResourceTracingEnabled) {
                Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_RESOURCES, describeDecoderForTrace(decoder));
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void close() {
            if (mResourceTracingEnabled) {
                Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_RESOURCES);
            }
        }
    }

    private static native ImageDecoder nCreate(long asset,
            boolean preferAnimation, Source src) throws IOException;
    private static native ImageDecoder nCreate(ByteBuffer buffer, int position, int limit,
            boolean preferAnimation, Source src) throws IOException;
    private static native ImageDecoder nCreate(byte[] data, int offset, int length,
            boolean preferAnimation, Source src) throws IOException;
    private static native ImageDecoder nCreate(InputStream is, byte[] storage,
            boolean preferAnimation, Source src) throws IOException;
    // The fd must be seekable.
    private static native ImageDecoder nCreate(FileDescriptor fd, long length,
            boolean preferAnimation, Source src) throws IOException;
    @NonNull
    private static native Bitmap nDecodeBitmap(long nativePtr,
            @NonNull ImageDecoder decoder,
            boolean doPostProcess,
            int width, int height,
            @Nullable Rect cropRect, boolean mutable,
            int allocator, boolean unpremulRequired,
            boolean conserveMemory, boolean decodeAsAlphaMask,
            long desiredColorSpace, boolean extended, long allocationLimit)
        throws IOException;
    private static native Size nGetSampledSize(long nativePtr,
                                               int sampleSize);
    private static native void nGetPadding(long nativePtr, @NonNull Rect outRect);
    private static native void nClose(long nativePtr);
    private static native String nGetMimeType(long nativePtr);
    private static native ColorSpace nGetColorSpace(long nativePtr);
}