data/etc/platform.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project

     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
     You may obtain a copy of the License at

          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
     limitations under the License.
-->

<!-- This file is used to define the mappings between lower-level system
     user and group IDs and the higher-level permission names managed
     by the platform.

     Be VERY careful when editing this file!  Mistakes made here can open
     big security holes.
-->
<permissions>

    <!-- ================================================================== -->
    <!-- ================================================================== -->
    <!-- ================================================================== -->

    <!-- The following tags are associating low-level group IDs with
         permission names.  By specifying such a mapping, you are saying
         that any application process granted the given permission will
         also be running with the given group ID attached to its process,
         so it can perform any filesystem (read, write, execute) operations
         allowed for that group. -->

    <permission name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" >
        <group gid="net_bt_admin" />
    </permission>

    <permission name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" >
        <group gid="net_bt" />
    </permission>

    <permission name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_STACK" >
        <group gid="bluetooth" />
        <group gid="wakelock" />
        <group gid="uhid" />
    </permission>

    <permission name="android.permission.VIRTUAL_INPUT_DEVICE" >
        <group gid="uhid" />
    </permission>

    <permission name="android.permission.NET_TUNNELING" >
        <group gid="vpn" />
    </permission>

    <permission name="android.permission.INTERNET" >
        <group gid="inet" />
    </permission>

    <permission name="android.permission.READ_LOGS" >
        <group gid="log" />
        <group gid="update_engine_log" />
    </permission>

    <permission name="android.permission.READ_UPDATE_ENGINE_LOGS"
                featureFlag="com.android.update_engine.minor_changes_2025q4" >
        <group gid="update_engine_log" />
    </permission>

    <permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_MTP" >
        <group gid="mtp" />
    </permission>

    <permission name="android.permission.NET_ADMIN" >
        <group gid="net_admin" />
    </permission>

    <permission name="android.permission.MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK" >
        <group gid="net_admin" />
        <group gid="net_raw" />
    </permission>

    <!-- The group that /cache belongs to, linked to the permission
         set on the applications that can access /cache -->
    <permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_CACHE_FILESYSTEM" >
        <group gid="cache" />
    </permission>

    <!-- RW permissions to any system resources owned by group 'diag'.
         This is for carrier and manufacture diagnostics tools that must be
         installable from the framework. Be careful. -->
    <permission name="android.permission.DIAGNOSTIC" >
        <group gid="input" />
        <group gid="diag" />
    </permission>

    <!-- Group that can read detailed network usage statistics -->
    <permission name="android.permission.READ_NETWORK_USAGE_HISTORY">
        <group gid="net_bw_stats" />
    </permission>

    <!-- Group that can modify how network statistics are accounted -->
    <permission name="android.permission.UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS">
        <group gid="net_bw_acct" />
    </permission>

    <permission name="android.permission.LOOP_RADIO" >
        <group gid="loop_radio" />
    </permission>

    <!-- Hotword training apps sometimes need a GID to talk with low-level
         hardware; give them audio for now until full HAL support is added. -->
    <permission name="android.permission.MANAGE_VOICE_KEYPHRASES">
        <group gid="audio" />
    </permission>

    <permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_BROADCAST_RADIO" >
        <!-- /dev/fm is gid media, not audio -->
        <group gid="media" />
    </permission>

    <permission name="android.permission.USE_RESERVED_DISK">
        <group gid="reserved_disk" />
    </permission>

    <permission name="android.permission.WRITE_SECURITY_LOG">
        <group gid="security_log_writer" />
    </permission>

    <permission name="android.permission.MANAGE_VIRTUAL_MACHINE">
        <group gid="virtualmachine" />
    </permission>

    <!-- These are permissions that were mapped to gids but we need
         to keep them here until an upgrade from L to the current
         version is to be supported. These permissions are built-in
         and in L were not stored in packages.xml as a result if they
         are not defined here while parsing packages.xml we would
         ignore these permissions being granted to apps and not
         propagate the granted state. From N we are storing the
         built-in permissions in packages.xml as the saved storage
         is negligible (one tag with the permission) compared to
         the fragility as one can remove a built-in permission which
         no longer needs to be mapped to gids and break grant propagation. -->
    <permission name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <permission name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

    <!-- ================================================================== -->
    <!-- ================================================================== -->
    <!-- ================================================================== -->

    <!-- The following tags are assigning high-level permissions to specific
         user IDs.  These are used to allow specific core system users to
         perform the given operations with the higher-level framework.  For
         example, we give a wide variety of permissions to the shell user
         since that is the user the adb shell runs under and developers and
         others should have a fairly open environment in which to
         interact with the system. -->

    <assign-permission name="android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS" uid="media" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER" uid="media" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" uid="media" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS" uid="media" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.UPDATE_APP_OPS_STATS" uid="media" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.GET_PROCESS_STATE_AND_OOM_SCORE" uid="media" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.PACKAGE_USAGE_STATS" uid="media" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.REGISTER_MEDIA_RESOURCE_OBSERVER" uid="media" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.REGISTER_STATS_PULL_ATOM" uid="media" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS" uid="media" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.LOG_FOREGROUND_RESOURCE_USE" uid="media" />

    <assign-permission name="android.permission.INTERNET" uid="media" />

    <assign-permission name="android.permission.INTERNET" uid="shell" />

    <assign-permission name="android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS" uid="audioserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER" uid="audioserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" uid="audioserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS" uid="audioserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.UPDATE_APP_OPS_STATS" uid="audioserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.PACKAGE_USAGE_STATS" uid="audioserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS_FULL" uid="audioserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.OBSERVE_SENSOR_PRIVACY" uid="audioserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.LOG_FOREGROUND_RESOURCE_USE" uid="audioserver" />

    <assign-permission name="android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS" uid="cameraserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS_FULL" uid="cameraserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER" uid="cameraserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" uid="cameraserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS" uid="cameraserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.UPDATE_APP_OPS_STATS" uid="cameraserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.GET_PROCESS_STATE_AND_OOM_SCORE" uid="cameraserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.PACKAGE_USAGE_STATS" uid="cameraserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.WATCH_APPOPS" uid="cameraserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.MANAGE_APP_OPS_MODES" uid="cameraserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.OBSERVE_SENSOR_PRIVACY" uid="cameraserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.REAL_GET_TASKS" uid="cameraserver" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.LOG_FOREGROUND_RESOURCE_USE" uid="cameraserver" />

    <assign-permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER" uid="graphics" />

    <assign-permission name="android.permission.DUMP" uid="incidentd" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.PACKAGE_USAGE_STATS" uid="incidentd" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS" uid="incidentd" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.REQUEST_INCIDENT_REPORT_APPROVAL" uid="incidentd" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.PEEK_DROPBOX_DATA" uid="incidentd" />

    <assign-permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_LOWPAN_STATE" uid="lowpan" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.MANAGE_LOWPAN_INTERFACES" uid="lowpan" />

    <assign-permission name="android.permission.DUMP" uid="statsd" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.PACKAGE_USAGE_STATS" uid="statsd" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.STATSCOMPANION" uid="statsd" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.UPDATE_APP_OPS_STATS" uid="statsd" />

    <assign-permission name="android.permission.REGISTER_STATS_PULL_ATOM" uid="mmd" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.REGISTER_STATS_PULL_ATOM" uid="gpu_service" />
    <assign-permission name="android.permission.REGISTER_STATS_PULL_ATOM" uid="keystore" />

    <assign-permission name="android.permission.DYNAMIC_INSTRUMENTATION" uid="uprobestats" />

    <split-permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"
                      targetSdk="16">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS"
                      targetSdk="16">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"
                      targetSdk="29">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"
                      targetSdk="29">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
                      targetSdk="29">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_MEDIA_LOCATION" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
                      targetSdk="29">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_MEDIA_LOCATION" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"
                      targetSdk="31">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"
                      targetSdk="31">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"
                      targetSdk="31">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"
                      targetSdk="31">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"
                      targetSdk="31">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"
                      targetSdk="31">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.BODY_SENSORS"
                      targetSdk="33">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.BODY_SENSORS_BACKGROUND" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.BODY_SENSORS"
                      featureFlag="android.permission.flags.replace_body_sensor_permission_enabled"
                      targetSdk="36">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.health.READ_HEART_RATE" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.BODY_SENSORS_BACKGROUND"
                      featureFlag="android.permission.flags.replace_body_sensor_permission_enabled"
                      targetSdk="36">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.health.READ_HEALTH_DATA_IN_BACKGROUND" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
                      targetSdk="33">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_AUDIO" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
                      targetSdk="33">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_VIDEO" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
                      targetSdk="33">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
                      targetSdk="33">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_AUDIO" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
                      targetSdk="33">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_VIDEO" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
                      targetSdk="33">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_VISUAL_USER_SELECTED" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_VIDEO">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_VISUAL_USER_SELECTED" />
    </split-permission>
    <split-permission name="android.permission.ACCESS_MEDIA_LOCATION">
        <new-permission name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_VISUAL_USER_SELECTED" />
    </split-permission>

    <!-- This is a list of all the libraries available for application
         code to link against. -->

    <library name="android.test.base"
            file="/system/framework/android.test.base.jar" />
    <library name="android.test.mock"
            file="/system/framework/android.test.mock.jar" />
    <library name="android.test.runner"
            file="/system/framework/android.test.runner.jar"
            dependency="android.test.base:android.test.mock" />

    <!-- In BOOT_JARS historically, and now added to legacy applications. -->
    <library name="android.hidl.base-V1.0-java"
            file="/system/framework/android.hidl.base-V1.0-java.jar" />
    <library name="android.hidl.manager-V1.0-java"
            file="/system/framework/android.hidl.manager-V1.0-java.jar" />

    <!-- These are the standard packages that are allowed to always have internet
         access while in power save mode, even if they aren't in the foreground. -->
    <allow-in-power-save package="com.android.providers.downloads" />
    <allow-in-power-save package="com.android.rkpdapp" />

    <!-- These are the standard packages that are allowed to always have internet
         access while in data mode, even if they aren't in the foreground. -->
    <allow-in-data-usage-save package="com.android.providers.downloads" />
    <allow-in-data-usage-save package="com.android.rkpdapp" />

    <!-- This is a core platform component that needs to freely run in the background -->
    <allow-in-power-save package="com.android.cellbroadcastreceiver.module" />
    <allow-in-power-save package="com.android.cellbroadcastreceiver" />
    <allow-in-power-save package="com.android.shell" />

    <!-- Emergency app needs to run in the background to reliably provide safety features -->
    <allow-in-power-save package="com.android.emergency" />

    <!-- Allow system providers -->
    <!-- Calendar provider needs alarms while in idle -->
    <allow-in-power-save package="com.android.providers.calendar" />
    <allow-in-power-save-except-idle package="com.android.providers.contacts" />

    <!-- The PAC proxy process must have network access, otherwise no app will
         be able to connect to the internet when such a proxy is in use, since
         all outgoing connections originate from this app. -->
    <allow-in-power-save-except-idle package="com.android.proxyhandler" />

    <!-- Allow IMS service entitlement app to schedule jobs to run when app in background. -->
    <allow-in-power-save-except-idle package="com.android.imsserviceentitlement" />

    <!-- Allow device lock controller app to schedule jobs and alarms, and have network access
         when app in background; otherwise, it may not be able to enforce provision for managed
         devices. -->
    <allow-in-power-save package="com.android.devicelockcontroller" />
    <allow-in-data-usage-save package="com.android.devicelockcontroller" />
</permissions>