BatteryStats receives custom measured energies

EnergyConsumer data of type OTHER is now pulled and
processed by BatteryExternalStatsWorker.
This means that 'custom energy buckets' energy data is
now available.
It is pulled by BESW, stored/snapshotted in
MeasuredEnergySnapshot, and deltas are sent to
BatteryStatsImpl, which stores them (depending on its
internal state).

MeasuredEnergyArray is removed, in favour of using
EnergyConsumerResults[] directly.

Bug: 176988041
Bug: 174818228
Bug: 179107328
Test: atest BatteryStatsNoteTest
Test: atest FrameworksServicesTests:com.android.server.am.MeasuredEnergySnapshotTest
Test: atest FrameworksCoreTests:com.android.internal.power.MeasuredEnergyStatsTest
Change-Id: Ib6a88d1579f97bc653cdb67a671f4fdd05f1dfe5
diff --git a/core/java/com/android/internal/os/BatteryStatsImpl.java b/core/java/com/android/internal/os/BatteryStatsImpl.java
index 1f7a7aa..a1c19f6 100644
--- a/core/java/com/android/internal/os/BatteryStatsImpl.java
+++ b/core/java/com/android/internal/os/BatteryStatsImpl.java
@@ -7172,6 +7172,20 @@
                 .getAccumulatedStandardBucketEnergy(MeasuredEnergyStats.ENERGY_BUCKET_SCREEN_DOZE);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns the energy in microjoules that the given custom energy bucket consumed.
+     * Will return {@link #ENERGY_DATA_UNAVAILABLE} if data is unavailable
+     *
+     * @param customEnergyBucket custom energy bucket of interest
+     * @return energy (in microjoules) used by this uid for this energy bucket
+     */
+    public long getCustomMeasuredEnergyMicroJoules(int customEnergyBucket) {
+        if (mGlobalMeasuredEnergyStats == null) {
+            return ENERGY_DATA_UNAVAILABLE;
+        }
+        return mGlobalMeasuredEnergyStats.getAccumulatedCustomBucketEnergy(customEnergyBucket);
+    }
+
     @Override public long getStartClockTime() {
         final long currentTimeMs = System.currentTimeMillis();
         if ((currentTimeMs > MILLISECONDS_IN_YEAR
@@ -7940,6 +7954,13 @@
                     .updateStandardBucket(energyBucket, energyDeltaUJ, accumulate);
         }
 
+        /** Adds the given energy to the given custom energy bucket for this uid. */
+        private void addEnergyToCustomBucketLocked(long energyDeltaUJ, int energyBucket,
+                boolean accumulate) {
+            getOrCreateMeasuredEnergyStatsLocked()
+                    .updateCustomBucket(energyBucket, energyDeltaUJ, accumulate);
+        }
+
         /**
          * Returns the energy used by this uid for a standard energy bucket of interest.
          * @param bucket standard energy bucket of interest
@@ -7957,6 +7978,22 @@
         }
 
         /**
+         * Returns the energy used by this uid for a custom energy bucket of interest.
+         * @param customEnergyBucket custom energy bucket of interest
+         * @return energy (in microjoules) used by this uid for this energy bucket
+         */
+        public long getCustomMeasuredEnergyMicroJoules(int customEnergyBucket) {
+            if (mBsi.mGlobalMeasuredEnergyStats == null
+                    || !mBsi.mGlobalMeasuredEnergyStats.isValidCustomBucket(customEnergyBucket)) {
+                return ENERGY_DATA_UNAVAILABLE;
+            }
+            if (mUidMeasuredEnergyStats == null) {
+                return 0L; // It is supported, but was never filled, so it must be 0
+            }
+            return mUidMeasuredEnergyStats.getAccumulatedCustomBucketEnergy(customEnergyBucket);
+        }
+
+        /**
          * Gets the minimum of the uid's foreground activity time and its PROCESS_STATE_TOP time
          * since last marked. Also sets the mark time for both these timers.
          *
@@ -12460,6 +12497,42 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Accumulate Custom energy bucket energy, globally and for each app.
+     *
+     * @param totalEnergyUJ energy (microjoules) used for this bucket since this was last called.
+     * @param uidEnergies map of uid->energy (microjoules) for this bucket since last called.
+     *                    Data inside uidEnergies will not be modified (treated immutable).
+     */
+    public void updateCustomMeasuredEnergyDataLocked(int customEnergyBucket,
+            long totalEnergyUJ, @Nullable SparseLongArray uidEnergies) {
+        if (DEBUG_ENERGY) {
+            Slog.d(TAG, "Updating attributed measured energy stats for custom bucket "
+                    + customEnergyBucket
+                    + " with total energy " + totalEnergyUJ
+                    + " and uid energies " + String.valueOf(uidEnergies));
+        }
+        if (mGlobalMeasuredEnergyStats == null) return;
+        if (!mOnBatteryInternal || mIgnoreNextExternalStats || totalEnergyUJ <= 0) return;
+
+        mGlobalMeasuredEnergyStats.updateCustomBucket(customEnergyBucket, totalEnergyUJ, true);
+
+        if (uidEnergies == null) return;
+        final int numUids = uidEnergies.size();
+        for (int i = 0; i < numUids; i++) {
+            final int uidInt = mapUid(uidEnergies.keyAt(i));
+            final long uidEnergyUJ = uidEnergies.valueAt(i);
+            if (uidEnergyUJ == 0) continue;
+            // TODO: Worry about uids not in BSI currently, including uninstalled uids 'coming back'
+            //  Specifically: What if the uid had been removed? We'll re-create it now.
+            //  And if we instead use getAvailableUidStatsLocked() and chec for null, then we might
+            //  not create a Uid even when we should be (say, the app's first event, somehow, was to
+            //  use GPU). I guess that CPU/kernel data might already have this problem?
+            final Uid uidObj = getUidStatsLocked(uidInt);
+            uidObj.addEnergyToCustomBucketLocked(uidEnergyUJ, customEnergyBucket, true);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Read and record Rail Energy data.
      */
     public void updateRailStatsLocked() {
diff --git a/core/java/com/android/internal/power/MeasuredEnergyArray.java b/core/java/com/android/internal/power/MeasuredEnergyArray.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 1f6dc26..0000000
--- a/core/java/com/android/internal/power/MeasuredEnergyArray.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.android.internal.power;
-
-
-import android.annotation.IntDef;
-
-import com.android.internal.os.RailStats;
-
-import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
-import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
-
-/**
- * Interface to provide subsystem energy data.
- * TODO: replace this and {@link RailStats} once b/173077356 is done
- */
-public interface MeasuredEnergyArray {
-    int SUBSYSTEM_UNKNOWN = -1;
-    int SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY = 0;
-    int NUMBER_SUBSYSTEMS = 1;
-    String[] SUBSYSTEM_NAMES = {"display"};
-
-
-    @IntDef(prefix = { "SUBSYSTEM_" }, value = {
-            SUBSYSTEM_UNKNOWN,
-            SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY,
-    })
-    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
-    @interface MeasuredEnergySubsystem {}
-
-    /**
-     * Get the subsystem at an index in array.
-     *
-     * @param index into the array.
-     * @return subsystem.
-     */
-    @MeasuredEnergySubsystem
-    int getSubsystem(int index);
-
-    /**
-     * Get the energy (in microjoules) consumed since boot of the subsystem at an index.
-     *
-     * @param index into the array.
-     * @return energy (in microjoules) consumed since boot.
-     */
-    long getEnergy(int index);
-
-    /**
-     * Return number of subsystems in the array.
-     */
-    int size();
-}
diff --git a/core/java/com/android/internal/power/MeasuredEnergyStats.java b/core/java/com/android/internal/power/MeasuredEnergyStats.java
index e310f8d..38ef55c 100644
--- a/core/java/com/android/internal/power/MeasuredEnergyStats.java
+++ b/core/java/com/android/internal/power/MeasuredEnergyStats.java
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 import android.view.Display;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
-import com.android.internal.power.MeasuredEnergyArray.MeasuredEnergySubsystem;
 
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
@@ -247,7 +246,7 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Map {@link MeasuredEnergySubsystem} and device state to Display {@link StandardEnergyBucket}.
+     * Map {@link android.view.Display} STATE_ to corresponding {@link StandardEnergyBucket}.
      */
     public static @StandardEnergyBucket int getDisplayEnergyBucket(int screenState) {
         if (Display.isOnState(screenState)) {
@@ -450,7 +449,8 @@
         return bucket >= 0 && bucket < NUMBER_STANDARD_ENERGY_BUCKETS;
     }
 
-    private boolean isValidCustomBucket(int customBucket) {
+    /** Returns whether the given custom bucket is valid (exists) on this device. */
+    public boolean isValidCustomBucket(int customBucket) {
         return customBucket >= 0
                 && customBucketToIndex(customBucket) < mAccumulatedEnergiesMicroJoules.length;
     }
diff --git a/core/tests/coretests/src/com/android/internal/os/BatteryStatsNoteTest.java b/core/tests/coretests/src/com/android/internal/os/BatteryStatsNoteTest.java
index 97c07ea..4c52848 100644
--- a/core/tests/coretests/src/com/android/internal/os/BatteryStatsNoteTest.java
+++ b/core/tests/coretests/src/com/android/internal/os/BatteryStatsNoteTest.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 import android.os.BatteryStats.HistoryItem;
 import android.os.BatteryStats.Uid.Sensor;
 import android.os.WorkSource;
+import android.util.SparseLongArray;
 import android.view.Display;
 
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
@@ -583,6 +584,95 @@
         checkMeasuredEnergy("H", uid1, blame1, uid2, blame2, globalDoze, bi);
     }
 
+    @SmallTest
+    public void testUpdateCustomMeasuredEnergyDataLocked_neverCalled() {
+        final MockClocks clocks = new MockClocks(); // holds realtime and uptime in ms
+        final MockBatteryStatsImpl bi = new MockBatteryStatsImpl(clocks);
+        bi.setOnBatteryInternal(true);
+
+        final int uid1 = 11500;
+        final int uid2 = 11501;
+
+        // Initially, all custom buckets report energy of 0.
+        checkCustomMeasuredEnergy("0", 0, 0, uid1, 0, 0, uid2, 0, 0, bi);
+    }
+
+    @SmallTest
+    public void testUpdateCustomMeasuredEnergyDataLocked() {
+        final MockClocks clocks = new MockClocks(); // holds realtime and uptime in ms
+        final MockBatteryStatsImpl bi = new MockBatteryStatsImpl(clocks);
+
+        final int bucketA = 0; // Custom bucket 0
+        final int bucketB = 1; // Custom bucket 1
+
+        long totalBlameA = 0; // Total energy consumption for bucketA (may exceed sum of uids)
+        long totalBlameB = 0; // Total energy consumption for bucketB (may exceed sum of uids)
+
+        final int uid1 = 10500;
+        long blame1A = 0; // Blame for uid1 in bucketA
+        long blame1B = 0; // Blame for uid1 in bucketB
+
+        final int uid2 = 10501;
+        long blame2A = 0; // Blame for uid2 in bucketA
+        long blame2B = 0; // Blame for uid2 in bucketB
+
+        final SparseLongArray newEnergiesA = new SparseLongArray(2);
+        final SparseLongArray newEnergiesB = new SparseLongArray(2);
+
+
+        // ----- Case A: battery off (so blame does not increase)
+        bi.setOnBatteryInternal(false);
+
+        newEnergiesA.put(uid1, 20_000);
+        // Implicit newEnergiesA.put(uid2, 0);
+        bi.updateCustomMeasuredEnergyDataLocked(bucketA, 500_000, newEnergiesA);
+
+        newEnergiesB.put(uid1, 60_000);
+        // Implicit newEnergiesB.put(uid2, 0);
+        bi.updateCustomMeasuredEnergyDataLocked(bucketB, 700_000, newEnergiesB);
+
+        checkCustomMeasuredEnergy(
+                "A", totalBlameA, totalBlameB, uid1, blame1A, blame1B, uid2, blame2A, blame2B, bi);
+
+
+        // ----- Case B: battery on
+        bi.setOnBatteryInternal(true);
+
+        newEnergiesA.put(uid1, 7_000); blame1A += 7_000;
+        // Implicit newEnergiesA.put(uid2, 0); blame2A += 0;
+        bi.updateCustomMeasuredEnergyDataLocked(bucketA, 310_000, newEnergiesA);
+        totalBlameA += 310_000;
+
+        newEnergiesB.put(uid1, 63_000); blame1B += 63_000;
+        newEnergiesB.put(uid2, 15_000); blame2B += 15_000;
+        bi.updateCustomMeasuredEnergyDataLocked(bucketB, 790_000, newEnergiesB);
+        totalBlameB += 790_000;
+
+        checkCustomMeasuredEnergy(
+                "B", totalBlameA, totalBlameB, uid1, blame1A, blame1B, uid2, blame2A, blame2B, bi);
+
+
+        // ----- Case C: battery still on
+        newEnergiesA.delete(uid1); blame1A += 0;
+        newEnergiesA.put(uid2, 16_000); blame2A += 16_000;
+        bi.updateCustomMeasuredEnergyDataLocked(bucketA, 560_000, newEnergiesA);
+        totalBlameA += 560_000;
+
+        bi.updateCustomMeasuredEnergyDataLocked(bucketB, 10_000, null);
+        totalBlameB += 10_000;
+
+        checkCustomMeasuredEnergy(
+                "C", totalBlameA, totalBlameB, uid1, blame1A, blame1B, uid2, blame2A, blame2B, bi);
+
+
+        // ----- Case D: battery still on
+        bi.updateCustomMeasuredEnergyDataLocked(bucketA, 0, newEnergiesA);
+        bi.updateCustomMeasuredEnergyDataLocked(bucketB, 15_000, new SparseLongArray(1));
+        totalBlameB += 15_000;
+        checkCustomMeasuredEnergy(
+                "D", totalBlameA, totalBlameB, uid1, blame1A, blame1B, uid2, blame2A, blame2B, bi);
+    }
+
     private void setFgState(int uid, boolean fgOn, MockBatteryStatsImpl bi) {
         // Note that noteUidProcessStateLocked uses ActivityManager process states.
         if (fgOn) {
@@ -610,4 +700,29 @@
         assertEquals("Wrong doze for Case " + caseName, globalDoze,
                 bi.getScreenDozeEnergy());
     }
+
+    private void checkCustomMeasuredEnergy(String caseName,
+            long totalBlameA, long totalBlameB,
+            int uid1, long blame1A, long blame1B,
+            int uid2, long blame2A, long blame2B,
+            MockBatteryStatsImpl bi) {
+
+        assertEquals("Wrong total blame in bucket 0 for Case " + caseName, totalBlameA,
+                bi.getCustomMeasuredEnergyMicroJoules(0));
+
+        assertEquals("Wrong total blame in bucket 1 for Case " + caseName, totalBlameB,
+                bi.getCustomMeasuredEnergyMicroJoules(1));
+
+        assertEquals("Wrong uid1 blame in bucket 0 for Case " + caseName, blame1A,
+                bi.getUidStatsLocked(uid1).getCustomMeasuredEnergyMicroJoules(0));
+
+        assertEquals("Wrong uid1 blame in bucket 1 for Case " + caseName, blame1B,
+                bi.getUidStatsLocked(uid1).getCustomMeasuredEnergyMicroJoules(1));
+
+        assertEquals("Wrong uid2 blame in bucket 0 for Case " + caseName, blame2A,
+                bi.getUidStatsLocked(uid2).getCustomMeasuredEnergyMicroJoules(0));
+
+        assertEquals("Wrong uid2 blame in bucket 1 for Case " + caseName, blame2B,
+                bi.getUidStatsLocked(uid2).getCustomMeasuredEnergyMicroJoules(1));
+    }
 }
diff --git a/core/tests/coretests/src/com/android/internal/power/MeasuredEnergyStatsTest.java b/core/tests/coretests/src/com/android/internal/power/MeasuredEnergyStatsTest.java
index b9908f4..1679774 100644
--- a/core/tests/coretests/src/com/android/internal/power/MeasuredEnergyStatsTest.java
+++ b/core/tests/coretests/src/com/android/internal/power/MeasuredEnergyStatsTest.java
@@ -387,6 +387,24 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testIsValidCustomBucket() {
+        final MeasuredEnergyStats stats
+                = new MeasuredEnergyStats(new boolean[NUMBER_STANDARD_ENERGY_BUCKETS], 3);
+        assertFalse(stats.isValidCustomBucket(-1));
+        assertTrue(stats.isValidCustomBucket(0));
+        assertTrue(stats.isValidCustomBucket(1));
+        assertTrue(stats.isValidCustomBucket(2));
+        assertFalse(stats.isValidCustomBucket(3));
+        assertFalse(stats.isValidCustomBucket(4));
+
+        final MeasuredEnergyStats boringStats
+                = new MeasuredEnergyStats(new boolean[NUMBER_STANDARD_ENERGY_BUCKETS], 0);
+        assertFalse(boringStats.isValidCustomBucket(-1));
+        assertFalse(boringStats.isValidCustomBucket(0));
+        assertFalse(boringStats.isValidCustomBucket(1));
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testReset() {
         final boolean[] supportedStandardBuckets = new boolean[NUMBER_STANDARD_ENERGY_BUCKETS];
         final int numCustomBuckets = 2;
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/BatteryExternalStatsWorker.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/BatteryExternalStatsWorker.java
index c6947c2d..b994389 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/BatteryExternalStatsWorker.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/BatteryExternalStatsWorker.java
@@ -15,8 +15,6 @@
  */
 package com.android.server.am;
 
-import static com.android.internal.power.MeasuredEnergyArray.SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY;
-
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.bluetooth.BluetoothActivityEnergyInfo;
 import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
@@ -39,13 +37,12 @@
 import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
 import android.util.IntArray;
 import android.util.Slog;
-import android.util.SparseIntArray;
+import android.util.SparseArray;
 import android.util.SparseLongArray;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.internal.os.BatteryStatsImpl;
-import com.android.internal.power.MeasuredEnergyArray;
 import com.android.internal.power.MeasuredEnergyStats;
 import com.android.internal.util.FrameworkStatsLog;
 import com.android.internal.util.function.pooled.PooledLambda;
@@ -148,13 +145,13 @@
     private WifiActivityEnergyInfo mLastWifiInfo =
             new WifiActivityEnergyInfo(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 
-    /** Maps the EnergyConsumer id to it's corresponding {@link MeasuredEnergySubsystem} */
+    /**
+     * Maps an {@link EnergyConsumerType} to it's corresponding {@link EnergyConsumer#id}s,
+     * unless it is of {@link EnergyConsumer#type}=={@link EnergyConsumerType#OTHER}
+     */
+    // TODO: Hook this up (it isn't used yet)
     @GuardedBy("mWorkerLock")
-    private @Nullable SparseIntArray mEnergyConsumerToSubsystemMap = null;
-
-    /** Maps a {@link MeasuredEnergySubsystem} to it's corresponding EnergyConsumer id */
-    @GuardedBy("mWorkerLock")
-    private @Nullable SparseIntArray mSubsystemToEnergyConsumerMap = null;
+    private @Nullable SparseArray<int[]> mEnergyConsumerTypeToIdMap = null;
 
     /** Snapshot of measured energies, or null if no measured energies are supported. */
     @GuardedBy("mWorkerLock")
@@ -204,18 +201,26 @@
             mWifiManager = wm;
             mTelephony = tm;
             mPowerStatsInternal = psi;
+
+            boolean[] supportedStdBuckets = null;
+            int numCustomBuckets = 0;
             if (mPowerStatsInternal != null) {
-                populateEnergyConsumerSubsystemMapsLocked();
-                final MeasuredEnergyArray initialMeasuredEnergies = getEnergyConsumptionData();
-                mMeasuredEnergySnapshot = initialMeasuredEnergies == null
-                        ? null : new MeasuredEnergySnapshot(initialMeasuredEnergies);
-                final boolean[] supportedStdBuckets
-                        = getSupportedEnergyBuckets(initialMeasuredEnergies);
-                final int numCustomBuckets = 0; // TODO: Get this from initialMeasuredEnergies
-                synchronized (mStats) {
-                    mStats.initMeasuredEnergyStatsLocked(supportedStdBuckets, numCustomBuckets);
+                final SparseArray<EnergyConsumer> idToConsumer
+                        = populateEnergyConsumerSubsystemMapsLocked();
+                if (idToConsumer != null) {
+                    mMeasuredEnergySnapshot = new MeasuredEnergySnapshot(idToConsumer);
+                    final EnergyConsumerResult[] initialEcrs = getEnergyConsumptionData();
+                    // According to spec, initialEcrs will include 0s for consumers that haven't
+                    // used any energy yet, as long as they are supported; however, attributed uid
+                    // energies will be absent if their energy is 0.
+                    mMeasuredEnergySnapshot.updateAndGetDelta(initialEcrs);
+                    numCustomBuckets = mMeasuredEnergySnapshot.getNumOtherOrdinals();
+                    supportedStdBuckets = getSupportedEnergyBuckets(idToConsumer);
                 }
             }
+            synchronized (mStats) {
+                mStats.initMeasuredEnergyStatsLocked(supportedStdBuckets, numCustomBuckets);
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -568,7 +573,9 @@
         } catch (ExecutionException e) {
             Slog.w(TAG, "exception reading modem stats: " + e.getCause());
         }
-        final SparseLongArray energyDeltas = mMeasuredEnergySnapshot == null ? null :
+
+        final MeasuredEnergySnapshot.MeasuredEnergyDeltaData measuredEnergyDeltas =
+                mMeasuredEnergySnapshot == null ? null :
                 mMeasuredEnergySnapshot.updateAndGetDelta(getMeasuredEnergyLocked(updateFlags));
 
         final long elapsedRealtime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
@@ -576,6 +583,7 @@
         final long elapsedRealtimeUs = elapsedRealtime * 1000;
         final long uptimeUs = uptime * 1000;
 
+        // Now that we have finally received all the data, we can tell mStats about it.
         synchronized (mStats) {
             mStats.addHistoryEventLocked(
                     elapsedRealtime,
@@ -601,10 +609,21 @@
             }
 
             // Inform mStats about each applicable measured energy.
-            if (energyDeltas != null) {
-                final long displayEnergy = energyDeltas.get(SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY, 0L);
-                // Always pass in what BatteryExternalStatsWorker thinks screenState is.
-                mStats.updateDisplayEnergyLocked(displayEnergy, screenState, elapsedRealtime);
+            if (measuredEnergyDeltas != null) {
+                final long displayEnergy = measuredEnergyDeltas.displayEnergyUJ;
+                if (displayEnergy != MeasuredEnergySnapshot.UNAVAILABLE) {
+                    // If updating, pass in what BatteryExternalStatsWorker thinks screenState is.
+                    mStats.updateDisplayEnergyLocked(displayEnergy, screenState, elapsedRealtime);
+                }
+            }
+            // Inform mStats about each applicable custom energy bucket.
+            if (measuredEnergyDeltas != null && measuredEnergyDeltas.otherTotalEnergyUJ != null) {
+                // Iterate over the custom (EnergyConsumerType.OTHER) ordinals.
+                for (int ord = 0; ord < measuredEnergyDeltas.otherTotalEnergyUJ.length; ord++) {
+                    long totalEnergy = measuredEnergyDeltas.otherTotalEnergyUJ[ord];
+                    SparseLongArray uidEnergies = measuredEnergyDeltas.otherUidEnergiesUJ[ord];
+                    mStats.updateCustomMeasuredEnergyDataLocked(ord, totalEnergy, uidEnergies);
+                }
             }
 
             if (bluetoothInfo != null) {
@@ -621,7 +640,8 @@
 
         if (wifiInfo != null) {
             if (wifiInfo.isValid()) {
-                // TODO: wifiEnergyDelta = energyDeltas.get(MeasuredEnergyArray.SUBSYSTEM_WIFI, 0L);
+                // TODO: wifiEnergyDelta = measuredEnergyDeltas.consumerTypeEnergyUJ
+                //               .get(EnergyConsumerType.WIFI, MeasuredEnergySnapshot.UNAVAILABLE)
                 mStats.updateWifiState(extractDeltaLocked(wifiInfo)
                         /*, TODO: wifiEnergyDelta */, elapsedRealtime, uptime);
             } else {
@@ -740,21 +760,23 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Map the {@link MeasuredEnergyArray.MeasuredEnergySubsystem}s in the given energyArray to
+     * Map the {@link EnergyConsumerType}s in the given energyArray to
      * their corresponding {@link MeasuredEnergyStats.StandardEnergyBucket}s.
      * Does not include custom energy buckets (which are always, by definition, supported).
      *
      * @return array with true for index i if standard energy bucket i is supported.
      */
-    private static @Nullable boolean[] getSupportedEnergyBuckets(MeasuredEnergyArray energyArray) {
-        if (energyArray == null) {
+    private static @Nullable boolean[] getSupportedEnergyBuckets(
+            SparseArray<EnergyConsumer> idToConsumer) {
+        if (idToConsumer == null) {
             return null;
         }
         final boolean[] buckets = new boolean[MeasuredEnergyStats.NUMBER_STANDARD_ENERGY_BUCKETS];
-        final int size = energyArray.size();
-        for (int energyIdx = 0; energyIdx < size; energyIdx++) {
-            switch (energyArray.getSubsystem(energyIdx)) {
-                case MeasuredEnergyArray.SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY:
+        final int size = idToConsumer.size();
+        for (int idx = 0; idx < size; idx++) {
+            final EnergyConsumer consumer = idToConsumer.valueAt(idx);
+            switch (consumer.type) {
+                case EnergyConsumerType.DISPLAY:
                     buckets[MeasuredEnergyStats.ENERGY_BUCKET_SCREEN_ON] = true;
                     buckets[MeasuredEnergyStats.ENERGY_BUCKET_SCREEN_DOZE] = true;
                     buckets[MeasuredEnergyStats.ENERGY_BUCKET_SCREEN_OTHER] = true;
@@ -764,71 +786,22 @@
         return buckets;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Get a {@link MeasuredEnergyArray} with the latest
-     * {@link MeasuredEnergyArray.MeasuredEnergySubsystem} energy usage since boot.
-     *
-     * TODO(b/176988041): Replace {@link MeasuredEnergyArray} usage with {@link
-     * EnergyConsumerResult}[]
-     */
+    /** Get {@link EnergyConsumerResult}s with the latest energy usage since boot. */
     @GuardedBy("mWorkerLock")
-    @VisibleForTesting
-    public @Nullable MeasuredEnergyArray getEnergyConsumptionData() {
-        final EnergyConsumerResult[] results;
+    private @Nullable EnergyConsumerResult[] getEnergyConsumptionData() {
         try {
-            results = mPowerStatsInternal.getEnergyConsumedAsync(new int[0])
+            return mPowerStatsInternal.getEnergyConsumedAsync(new int[0])
                     .get(EXTERNAL_STATS_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to getEnergyConsumedAsync", e);
             return null;
         }
-        if (results == null) return null;
-        final int size = results.length;
-        final int[] subsystems = new int[size];
-        final long[] energyUJ = new long[size];
-
-        int count = 0;
-        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-            final EnergyConsumerResult consumer = results[i];
-            final int subsystem = mEnergyConsumerToSubsystemMap.get(consumer.id,
-                    MeasuredEnergyArray.SUBSYSTEM_UNKNOWN);
-            if (subsystem == MeasuredEnergyArray.SUBSYSTEM_UNKNOWN) continue;
-            subsystems[count] = subsystem;
-            energyUJ[count] = consumer.energyUWs;
-            count++;
-        }
-        final int arraySize = count;
-        return new MeasuredEnergyArray() {
-            @Override
-            public int getSubsystem(int index) {
-                if (index >= size()) {
-                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-                            "Out of bounds subsystem index! index : " + index + ", size : "
-                                    + size());
-                }
-                return subsystems[index];
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            public long getEnergy(int index) {
-                if (index >= size()) {
-                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-                            "Out of bounds subsystem index! index : " + index + ", size : "
-                                    + size());
-                }
-                return energyUJ[index];
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            public int size() {
-                return arraySize;
-            }
-        };
     }
 
-    /** Fetch MeasuredEnergyArray for supported subsystems based on the given updateFlags. */
+    /** Fetch EnergyConsumerResult[] for supported subsystems based on the given updateFlags. */
     @GuardedBy("mWorkerLock")
-    private @Nullable MeasuredEnergyArray getMeasuredEnergyLocked(@ExternalUpdateFlag int flags) {
+    private @Nullable EnergyConsumerResult[] getMeasuredEnergyLocked(@ExternalUpdateFlag int flags)
+    {
         if (mMeasuredEnergySnapshot == null || mPowerStatsInternal == null) return null;
 
         if (flags == UPDATE_ALL) {
@@ -836,12 +809,13 @@
             return getEnergyConsumptionData();
         }
 
-        final List<Integer> energySubsystems = new ArrayList<>();
+        final List<Integer> energyConsumerIds = new ArrayList<>();
         if ((flags & UPDATE_DISPLAY) != 0) {
-            addEnergyConsumerIdLocked(energySubsystems, SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY);
+            addEnergyConsumerIdLocked(energyConsumerIds, EnergyConsumerType.DISPLAY);
         }
         // TODO: Wifi, Bluetooth, etc., go here
-        if (energySubsystems.isEmpty()) {
+
+        if (energyConsumerIds.isEmpty()) {
             return null;
         }
         // TODO: Query *specific* subsystems from HAL based on energyConsumerIds.toArray()
@@ -849,59 +823,48 @@
     }
 
     @GuardedBy("mWorkerLock")
-    private void addEnergyConsumerIdLocked(List<Integer> energyConsumerIds,
-            @MeasuredEnergyArray.MeasuredEnergySubsystem int consumerId) {
-        if (mMeasuredEnergySnapshot.hasSubsystem(consumerId)) {
-            energyConsumerIds.add(consumerId);
-        }
+    private void addEnergyConsumerIdLocked(
+            List<Integer> energyConsumerIds, @EnergyConsumerType int type) {
+        final int consumerId = 0; // TODO: Use mEnergyConsumerTypeToIdMap to get this
+        energyConsumerIds.add(consumerId);
     }
 
+    /** Populates the cached type->ids map, and returns the (inverse) id->EnergyConsumer map. */
     @GuardedBy("mWorkerLock")
-    private void populateEnergyConsumerSubsystemMapsLocked() {
+    private @Nullable SparseArray<EnergyConsumer> populateEnergyConsumerSubsystemMapsLocked() {
         if (mPowerStatsInternal == null) {
-            // PowerStatsInternal unavailable, don't bother populating maps.
-            mEnergyConsumerToSubsystemMap = null;
-            mSubsystemToEnergyConsumerMap = null;
-            return;
+            return null;
         }
         final EnergyConsumer[] energyConsumers = mPowerStatsInternal.getEnergyConsumerInfo();
-        if (energyConsumers == null) {
-            // EnergyConsumer data unavailable, don't bother populating maps.
-            mEnergyConsumerToSubsystemMap = null;
-            mSubsystemToEnergyConsumerMap = null;
-            return;
+        if (energyConsumers == null || energyConsumers.length == 0) {
+            return null;
         }
 
-        final int length = energyConsumers.length;
-        if (length == 0) {
-            // EnergyConsumer array empty, don't bother populating maps.
-            mEnergyConsumerToSubsystemMap = null;
-            mSubsystemToEnergyConsumerMap = null;
-            return;
-        } else {
-            mEnergyConsumerToSubsystemMap = new SparseIntArray(length);
-            mSubsystemToEnergyConsumerMap = new SparseIntArray(length);
-        }
+        // TODO: Initialize typeToIds
+        // Maps type -> {ids} (1:n map, since multiple ids might have the same type)
+        // final SparseArray<SparseIntArray> typeToIds = new SparseArray<>();
+
+        // Maps id -> EnergyConsumer (1:1 map)
+        final SparseArray<EnergyConsumer> idToConsumer = new SparseArray<>(energyConsumers.length);
 
         // Add all expected EnergyConsumers to the maps
-        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-            final EnergyConsumer consumer = energyConsumers[i];
-            switch (consumer.type) {
-                case EnergyConsumerType.DISPLAY:
-                    if (consumer.ordinal == 0) {
-                        mEnergyConsumerToSubsystemMap.put(consumer.id,
-                                MeasuredEnergyArray.SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY);
-                        mSubsystemToEnergyConsumerMap.put(MeasuredEnergyArray.SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY,
-                                consumer.id);
-                    } else {
-                        Slog.w(TAG, "Unexpected ordinal (" + consumer.ordinal
-                                + ") for EnergyConsumerType.DISPLAY");
-                    }
-                    break;
-                default:
-                    Slog.w(TAG, "Unexpected EnergyConsumerType (" + consumer.type + ")");
+        for (final EnergyConsumer consumer : energyConsumers) {
+            // Check for inappropriate ordinals
+            if (consumer.ordinal != 0) {
+                switch (consumer.type) {
+                    case EnergyConsumerType.OTHER:
+                    case EnergyConsumerType.CPU_CLUSTER:
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        Slog.w(TAG, "EnergyConsumer '" + consumer.name + "' has unexpected ordinal "
+                                + consumer.ordinal + " for type " + consumer.type);
+                        continue; // Ignore this consumer
+                }
             }
-
+            idToConsumer.put(consumer.id, consumer);
+            // TODO: Also populate typeToIds map
         }
+        // TODO: Store typeToIds in mEnergyConsumerTypeToIdMap.
+        return idToConsumer;
     }
 }
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/MeasuredEnergySnapshot.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/MeasuredEnergySnapshot.java
index b915c0c..9e0aa32 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/MeasuredEnergySnapshot.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/MeasuredEnergySnapshot.java
@@ -17,132 +17,260 @@
 package com.android.server.am;
 
 
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.hardware.power.stats.EnergyConsumer;
+import android.hardware.power.stats.EnergyConsumerAttribution;
+import android.hardware.power.stats.EnergyConsumerResult;
+import android.hardware.power.stats.EnergyConsumerType;
 import android.util.Slog;
+import android.util.SparseArray;
 import android.util.SparseLongArray;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
-import com.android.internal.power.MeasuredEnergyArray;
-import com.android.internal.power.MeasuredEnergyArray.MeasuredEnergySubsystem;
 
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
-import java.util.Arrays;
 
 /**
- * Keeps snapshots of data from previously pulled MeasuredEnergyArrays.
+ * Keeps snapshots of data from previously pulled EnergyConsumerResults.
  */
 @VisibleForTesting
 public class MeasuredEnergySnapshot {
     private static final String TAG = "MeasuredEnergySnapshot";
 
-    private static final long UNAVAILABLE = -1;
+    public static final long UNAVAILABLE = -1L;
+
+    /** Map of {@link EnergyConsumer#id} to its corresponding {@link EnergyConsumer}. */
+    private final SparseArray<EnergyConsumer> mEnergyConsumers;
+
+    /** Number of ordinals for {@link EnergyConsumerType#OTHER}. */
+    private final int mNumOtherOrdinals;
 
     /**
-     * Energy snapshots from the last time each {@link MeasuredEnergySubsystem} was updated.
+     * Energy snapshots, mapping {@link EnergyConsumer#id} to energy (UJ) from the last time
+     * each {@link EnergyConsumer} was updated.
      *
-     * Note that the snapshots for different subsystems may have been taken at different times.
+     * Note that the snapshots for different ids may have been taken at different times.
+     * Note that energies for all existing ids are stored here, including each ordinal of type
+     * {@link EnergyConsumerType#OTHER} (tracking their total energy usage).
      *
-     * A snapshot is {@link #UNAVAILABLE} if the subsystem has never been updated (ie. unsupported).
+     * If an id is not present yet, it is treated as uninitialized (energy {@link #UNAVAILABLE}).
      */
-    private final long[] mMeasuredEnergySnapshots;
+    private final SparseLongArray mMeasuredEnergySnapshots;
 
     /**
-     * Constructor that initializes to the given energyArray;
-     * all subsystems not mentioned in initialEnergyArray are set to UNAVAILABLE.
+     * Energy snapshots <b>per uid</b> from the last time each {@link EnergyConsumer} of type
+     * {@link EnergyConsumerType#OTHER} was updated.
+     * It maps each OTHER {@link EnergyConsumer#id} to a SparseLongArray, which itself maps each
+     * uid to an energy (UJ). That is,
+     * mAttributionSnapshots.get(consumerId).get(uid) = energy used by uid for this consumer.
+     *
+     * If an id is not present yet, it is treated as uninitialized (i.e. each uid is unavailable).
+     * If an id is present but a uid is not present, that uid's energy is 0.
      */
-    public MeasuredEnergySnapshot(MeasuredEnergyArray initialEnergyArray) {
-        this(MeasuredEnergyArray.NUMBER_SUBSYSTEMS, initialEnergyArray);
+    private final SparseArray<SparseLongArray> mAttributionSnapshots;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor that initializes to the given id->EnergyConsumer map, indicating which consumers
+     * exist and what their details are.
+     */
+    MeasuredEnergySnapshot(@NonNull SparseArray<EnergyConsumer> idToConsumerMap) {
+        mEnergyConsumers = idToConsumerMap;
+        mMeasuredEnergySnapshots = new SparseLongArray(mEnergyConsumers.size());
+
+        mNumOtherOrdinals = calculateNumOtherOrdinals(idToConsumerMap);
+        mAttributionSnapshots = new SparseArray<>(mNumOtherOrdinals);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Constructor (for testing) that initializes to the given energyArray and numSubsystems;
-     * all subsystems not mentioned in initialEnergyArray are set to UNAVAILABLE.
+     * Returns the number of ordinals for {@link EnergyConsumerType#OTHER}, i.e. the number of
+     * custom energy buckets supported by the device.
      */
-    @VisibleForTesting
-    MeasuredEnergySnapshot(int numSubsystems, MeasuredEnergyArray initialEnergyArray) {
-        if (initialEnergyArray.size() > numSubsystems) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Energy array contains " + initialEnergyArray.size()
-                    + " subsystems, which exceeds the maximum allowed of " + numSubsystems);
-        }
-        mMeasuredEnergySnapshots = new long[numSubsystems];
-        Arrays.fill(mMeasuredEnergySnapshots, UNAVAILABLE);
-        fillGivenSubsystems(initialEnergyArray);
+    public int getNumOtherOrdinals() {
+        return mNumOtherOrdinals;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * For the subsystems present in energyArray, overwrites mMeasuredEnergySnapshots with their
-     * energy values from energyArray.
-     */
-    private void fillGivenSubsystems(MeasuredEnergyArray energyArray) {
-        final int size = energyArray.size();
-        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-            final int subsystem = energyArray.getSubsystem(i);
-            mMeasuredEnergySnapshots[subsystem] = energyArray.getEnergy(i);
-        }
+    /** Class for returning measured energy delta data. */
+    static class MeasuredEnergyDeltaData {
+        /** The energyUJ for {@link EnergyConsumerType#DISPLAY}. */
+        public long displayEnergyUJ = UNAVAILABLE;
+
+        /** Map of {@link EnergyConsumerType#OTHER} ordinals to their total energyUJ. */
+        public @Nullable long[] otherTotalEnergyUJ = null;
+
+        /** Map of {@link EnergyConsumerType#OTHER} ordinals to their {uid->energyUJ} maps. */
+        public @Nullable SparseLongArray[] otherUidEnergiesUJ = null;
     }
 
     /**
      * Update with the some freshly measured energies and return the difference (delta)
      * between the previously stored values and the passed-in values.
      *
-     * @param energyArray measured energy array for some (possibly not all) subsystems.
+     * @param ecrs EnergyConsumerResults for some (possibly not all) {@link EnergyConsumer}s.
+     *             Consumers that are not present are ignored (they are *not* treated as 0).
      *
-     * @return a map from the updated subsystems to their corresponding energy deltas.
-     *         Subsystems not present in energyArray will not appear.
-     *         Subsystems with no difference in energy will not appear.
-     *         Returns null, if energyArray is null.
+     * @return a MeasuredEnergyDeltaData, containing maps from the updated consumers to
+     *         their corresponding energy deltas.
+     *         Fields with no interesting data (consumers not present in ecrs or with no energy
+     *         difference) will generally be left as their default values.
+     *         otherTotalEnergyUJ and otherUidEnergiesUJ are always either both null or both of
+     *         length {@link #getNumOtherOrdinals()}.
+     *         Returns null, if ecrs is null or empty.
      */
-    public @Nullable SparseLongArray updateAndGetDelta(MeasuredEnergyArray energyArray) {
-        if (energyArray == null) {
+    public @Nullable MeasuredEnergyDeltaData updateAndGetDelta(EnergyConsumerResult[] ecrs) {
+        if (ecrs == null || ecrs.length == 0) {
             return null;
         }
-        final SparseLongArray delta = new SparseLongArray();
-        final int size = energyArray.size();
-        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-            final int updatedSubsystem = energyArray.getSubsystem(i);
-            final long newEnergyUJ = energyArray.getEnergy(i);
-            final long oldEnergyUJ = mMeasuredEnergySnapshots[updatedSubsystem];
+        final MeasuredEnergyDeltaData output = new MeasuredEnergyDeltaData();
 
-            // If this is the first valid energy, there is no delta to take.
-            if (oldEnergyUJ < 0) continue;
-            final long deltaUJ = newEnergyUJ - oldEnergyUJ;
-            if (deltaUJ == 0) continue;
-            if (deltaUJ < 0) {
-                Slog.e(TAG, "For subsystem " + updatedSubsystem + ", new energy (" + newEnergyUJ
-                        + ") is less than old energy (" + oldEnergyUJ + "). Skipping. ");
+        for (final EnergyConsumerResult ecr : ecrs) {
+            // Extract the new energy data for the current consumer.
+            final int consumerId = ecr.id;
+            final long newEnergyUJ = ecr.energyUWs;
+            final EnergyConsumerAttribution[] newAttributions = ecr.attribution;
+
+            // Look up the static information about this consumer.
+            final EnergyConsumer consumer = mEnergyConsumers.get(consumerId, null);
+            if (consumer == null) {
+                Slog.e(TAG, "updateAndGetDelta given invalid consumerId " + consumerId);
                 continue;
             }
-            delta.put(updatedSubsystem, deltaUJ);
+            final int type = consumer.type;
+            final int ordinal = consumer.ordinal;
+
+            // Look up, and update, the old energy information about this consumer.
+            final long oldEnergyUJ = mMeasuredEnergySnapshots.get(consumerId, UNAVAILABLE);
+            mMeasuredEnergySnapshots.put(consumerId, newEnergyUJ);
+            final SparseLongArray otherUidEnergies
+                    = updateAndGetDeltaForTypeOther(consumer, newAttributions);
+
+            // Everything is fully done being updated. We now calculate the delta for returning.
+
+            // NB: Since sum(attribution.energyUWs)<=energyUWs we assume that if deltaEnergy==0
+            // there's no attribution either. Technically that isn't enforced at the HAL, but we
+            // can't really trust data like that anyway.
+
+            if (oldEnergyUJ < 0) continue; // Generally happens only on initialization.
+            if (newEnergyUJ == oldEnergyUJ) continue;
+            final long deltaUJ = newEnergyUJ - oldEnergyUJ;
+            if (deltaUJ < 0) {
+                Slog.e(TAG, "EnergyConsumer " + consumer.name + ": new energy (" + newEnergyUJ
+                        + ") < old energy (" + oldEnergyUJ + "). Skipping. ");
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            switch (type) {
+                case EnergyConsumerType.DISPLAY:
+                    output.displayEnergyUJ = deltaUJ;
+                    break;
+                case EnergyConsumerType.OTHER:
+                    if (output.otherTotalEnergyUJ == null) {
+                        output.otherTotalEnergyUJ = new long[getNumOtherOrdinals()];
+                        output.otherUidEnergiesUJ = new SparseLongArray[getNumOtherOrdinals()];
+                    }
+                    output.otherTotalEnergyUJ[ordinal] = deltaUJ;
+                    output.otherUidEnergiesUJ[ordinal] = otherUidEnergies;
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    Slog.w(TAG, "Ignoring consumer " + consumer.name + " of unknown type " + type);
+
+            }
         }
-
-        fillGivenSubsystems(energyArray);
-
-        return delta;
+        return output;
     }
 
     /**
-     * Check if a subsystem's measured energy is available.
-     * @param subsystem which subsystem.
-     * @return true if subsystem is available.
+     * For a consumer of type {@link EnergyConsumerType#OTHER}, updates
+     * {@link #mAttributionSnapshots} with freshly measured energies (per uid) and returns the
+     * difference (delta) between the previously stored values and the passed-in values.
+     *
+     * @param consumerInfo a consumer of type {@link EnergyConsumerType#OTHER}.
+     * @param newAttributions Record of uids and their new energyUJ values.
+     *                        Any uid not present is treated as having energy 0.
+     *                        If null or empty, all uids are treated as having energy 0.
+     * @return A map (in the sense of {@link MeasuredEnergyDeltaData#otherUidEnergiesUJ} for this
+     *         consumer) of uid -> energyDelta, with all uids that have a non-zero energyDelta.
+     *         Returns null if no delta available to calculate.
      */
-    public boolean hasSubsystem(@MeasuredEnergySubsystem int subsystem) {
-        return mMeasuredEnergySnapshots[subsystem] != UNAVAILABLE;
+    private @Nullable SparseLongArray updateAndGetDeltaForTypeOther(
+            @NonNull EnergyConsumer consumerInfo,
+            @Nullable EnergyConsumerAttribution[] newAttributions) {
+
+        if (consumerInfo.type != EnergyConsumerType.OTHER) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (newAttributions == null) {
+            // Treat null as empty (i.e. all uids have 0 energy).
+            newAttributions = new EnergyConsumerAttribution[0];
+        }
+
+        // SparseLongArray mapping uid -> energyUJ (for this particular consumerId)
+        SparseLongArray uidOldEnergyMap = mAttributionSnapshots.get(consumerInfo.id, null);
+
+        // If uidOldEnergyMap wasn't present, each uid was UNAVAILABLE, so update data and return.
+        if (uidOldEnergyMap == null) {
+            uidOldEnergyMap = new SparseLongArray(newAttributions.length);
+            mAttributionSnapshots.put(consumerInfo.id, uidOldEnergyMap);
+            for (EnergyConsumerAttribution newAttribution : newAttributions) {
+                uidOldEnergyMap.put(newAttribution.uid, newAttribution.energyUWs);
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Map uid -> energyDelta. No initial capacity since many deltas might be 0.
+        final SparseLongArray uidEnergyDeltas = new SparseLongArray();
+
+        for (EnergyConsumerAttribution newAttribution : newAttributions) {
+            final int uid = newAttribution.uid;
+            final long newEnergyUJ = newAttribution.energyUWs;
+            // uidOldEnergyMap was present. So any particular uid that wasn't present, had 0 energy.
+            final long oldEnergyUJ = uidOldEnergyMap.get(uid, 0L);
+            uidOldEnergyMap.put(uid, newEnergyUJ);
+
+            // Everything is fully done being updated. We now calculate the delta for returning.
+            if (oldEnergyUJ < 0) continue;
+            if (newEnergyUJ == oldEnergyUJ) continue;
+            final long deltaUJ = newEnergyUJ - oldEnergyUJ;
+            if (deltaUJ < 0) {
+                Slog.e(TAG, "EnergyConsumer " + consumerInfo.name + ": new energy (" + newEnergyUJ
+                        + ") but old energy (" + oldEnergyUJ + "). Skipping. ");
+                continue;
+            }
+            uidEnergyDeltas.put(uid, deltaUJ);
+        }
+        return uidEnergyDeltas;
     }
 
     /** Dump debug data. */
     public void dump(PrintWriter pw) {
-        pw.println("Measured energy snapshot (microjoules):");
-        pw.print("   ");
-        for (int i = 0; i < MeasuredEnergyArray.NUMBER_SUBSYSTEMS; i++) {
-            final long energyUJ = mMeasuredEnergySnapshots[i];
-            if (energyUJ == UNAVAILABLE) continue;
-            pw.print(MeasuredEnergyArray.SUBSYSTEM_NAMES[i]);
-            pw.print(" : ");
-            pw.print(energyUJ);
-            if (i != MeasuredEnergyArray.NUMBER_SUBSYSTEMS - 1) {
-                pw.print(", ");
-            }
+        pw.println("Measured energy snapshot");
+        pw.println("List of EnergyConsumers:");
+        for (int i = 0; i < mEnergyConsumers.size(); i++) {
+            final int id = mEnergyConsumers.keyAt(i);
+            final EnergyConsumer consumer = mEnergyConsumers.valueAt(i);
+            pw.println(String.format("    Consumer %d is {id=%d, ordinal=%d, type=%d, name=%s}", id,
+                    consumer.id, consumer.ordinal, consumer.type, consumer.name));
         }
+        pw.println("Map of consumerIds to energy (in microjoules):");
+        for (int i = 0; i < mMeasuredEnergySnapshots.size(); i++) {
+            final int id = mMeasuredEnergySnapshots.keyAt(i);
+            final long energyUJ = mMeasuredEnergySnapshots.valueAt(i);
+            pw.println(String.format("    Consumer %d has energy %d uJ}", id, energyUJ));
+        }
+        pw.println("List of the " + mNumOtherOrdinals + " OTHER EnergyConsumers:");
+        pw.println("    " + mAttributionSnapshots);
         pw.println();
     }
+
+    /** Determines the number of ordinals for {@link EnergyConsumerType#OTHER}. */
+    private static int calculateNumOtherOrdinals(SparseArray<EnergyConsumer> idToConsumer) {
+        if (idToConsumer == null) return 0;
+        int numOtherOrdinals = 0;
+        final int size = idToConsumer.size();
+        for (int idx = 0; idx < size; idx++) {
+            final EnergyConsumer consumer = idToConsumer.valueAt(idx);
+            if (consumer.type == EnergyConsumerType.OTHER) numOtherOrdinals++;
+        }
+        return numOtherOrdinals;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/services/tests/servicestests/src/com/android/server/am/BatteryExternalStatsWorkerTest.java b/services/tests/servicestests/src/com/android/server/am/BatteryExternalStatsWorkerTest.java
index fdf5095..a946534 100644
--- a/services/tests/servicestests/src/com/android/server/am/BatteryExternalStatsWorkerTest.java
+++ b/services/tests/servicestests/src/com/android/server/am/BatteryExternalStatsWorkerTest.java
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 package com.android.server.am;
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 
 import android.content.Context;
@@ -30,15 +28,12 @@
 import android.hardware.power.stats.StateResidencyResult;
 import android.power.PowerStatsInternal;
 import android.util.SparseArray;
-import android.util.SparseLongArray;
 
 import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
 
 import com.android.internal.os.BatteryStatsImpl;
-import com.android.internal.power.MeasuredEnergyArray;
 
 import org.junit.Before;
-import org.junit.Test;
 
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 
@@ -63,44 +58,6 @@
                 mBatteryStatsImpl);
     }
 
-    @Test
-    public void getEnergyConsumptionData() {
-        SparseLongArray expectSubsystems = new SparseLongArray();
-        // Add some energy consumers used by BatteryExternalStatsWorker.
-        final int displayId = mPowerStatsInternal.addEnergyConsumer(EnergyConsumerType.DISPLAY, 0,
-                "display");
-        mPowerStatsInternal.incrementEnergyConsumption(displayId, 12345);
-        expectSubsystems.put(MeasuredEnergyArray.SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY, 12345);
-
-        // Add an arbitrary energy consumer unused by BatteryExternalStatsWorker.
-        // Must be changed if '154' ever becomes an EnergyConsumerType used by BESW.
-        final int someId = mPowerStatsInternal.addEnergyConsumer((byte) 154, 0, "some_consumer");
-        mPowerStatsInternal.incrementEnergyConsumption(someId, 34567);
-
-        // Inform BESW that PowerStatsInternal is ready to query
-        mBatteryExternalStatsWorker.systemServicesReady();
-
-        MeasuredEnergyArray energies = mBatteryExternalStatsWorker.getEnergyConsumptionData();
-
-        assertEquals(expectSubsystems.size(), energies.size());
-        final int size = expectSubsystems.size();
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-            int subsystem = expectSubsystems.keyAt(i);
-            // find the subsystem in the returned MeasuredEnergyArray
-            int subsystemIndex = -1;
-            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
-                if (subsystem == energies.getSubsystem(i)) {
-                    subsystemIndex = i;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-            assertNotEquals("Subsystem " + subsystem + " not found in MeasuredEnergyArray", -1,
-                    subsystemIndex);
-            assertEquals(expectSubsystems.valueAt(i), energies.getEnergy(subsystemIndex));
-        }
-    }
-
     public class TestInjector extends BatteryExternalStatsWorker.Injector {
         public TestInjector(Context context) {
             super(context);
diff --git a/services/tests/servicestests/src/com/android/server/am/MeasuredEnergySnapshotTest.java b/services/tests/servicestests/src/com/android/server/am/MeasuredEnergySnapshotTest.java
index 67d379a..1efce39 100644
--- a/services/tests/servicestests/src/com/android/server/am/MeasuredEnergySnapshotTest.java
+++ b/services/tests/servicestests/src/com/android/server/am/MeasuredEnergySnapshotTest.java
@@ -16,18 +16,23 @@
 
 package com.android.server.am;
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static com.android.server.am.MeasuredEnergySnapshot.UNAVAILABLE;
 
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
+
+import android.hardware.power.stats.EnergyConsumer;
+import android.hardware.power.stats.EnergyConsumerAttribution;
+import android.hardware.power.stats.EnergyConsumerResult;
+import android.hardware.power.stats.EnergyConsumerType;
+import android.util.SparseArray;
 import android.util.SparseLongArray;
 
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 
-import com.android.internal.power.MeasuredEnergyArray;
+import com.android.server.am.MeasuredEnergySnapshot.MeasuredEnergyDeltaData;
 
-import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
 /**
@@ -38,134 +43,198 @@
  */
 @SmallTest
 public final class MeasuredEnergySnapshotTest {
-    private static final int NUMBER_SUBSYSTEMS = 3;
-    private static final int SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY = 0;
-    private static final int SUBSYSTEM_NEVER_USED = 1;
-    private static final int SUBSYSTEM_CATAPULT = 2;
+    private static final EnergyConsumer CONSUMER_DISPLAY = createEnergyConsumer(
+            0, 0, EnergyConsumerType.DISPLAY, "Display");
+    private static final  EnergyConsumer CONSUMER_OTHER_0 = createEnergyConsumer(
+            47, 0, EnergyConsumerType.OTHER, "GPU");
+    private static final  EnergyConsumer CONSUMER_OTHER_1 = createEnergyConsumer(
+            1, 1, EnergyConsumerType.OTHER, "HPU");
+    private static final  EnergyConsumer CONSUMER_OTHER_2 = createEnergyConsumer(
+            436, 2, EnergyConsumerType.OTHER, "IPU");
 
-    private MeasuredEnergySnapshot mSnapshot;
+    private static final SparseArray<EnergyConsumer> ALL_ID_CONSUMER_MAP = createIdToConsumerMap(
+            CONSUMER_DISPLAY, CONSUMER_OTHER_0, CONSUMER_OTHER_1, CONSUMER_OTHER_2);
+    private static final SparseArray<EnergyConsumer> SOME_ID_CONSUMER_MAP = createIdToConsumerMap(
+            CONSUMER_DISPLAY);
 
-    // Basic MeasuredEnergyArray that supports all the subsystems. Out of order on purpose.
-    private final int[] mAllSubsystems =
-            {SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY, SUBSYSTEM_CATAPULT, SUBSYSTEM_NEVER_USED};
-    // E.g. mAllSubsystems[mSubsystemIndices[SUBSYSTEM_CATAPULT]]=SUBSYSTEM_CATAPULT
-    private final int[] mSubsystemIndices = {0, 2, 1};
-    private final long[] mCurrentSubsystemEnergyUJ = {111, 0, 0};
-    private final MeasuredEnergyArray mOmniEnergyArray = new MeasuredEnergyArray() {
-        @Override
-        public int getSubsystem(int index) {
-            return mAllSubsystems[index];
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public long getEnergy(int index) {
-            return mCurrentSubsystemEnergyUJ[index];
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public int size() {
-            return mAllSubsystems.length;
-        }
+    // Elements in each results are purposefully out of order.
+    private static final  EnergyConsumerResult[] RESULTS_0 = new EnergyConsumerResult[] {
+        createEnergyConsumerResult(CONSUMER_OTHER_0.id, 90, new int[] {47, 3}, new long[] {14, 13}),
+        createEnergyConsumerResult(CONSUMER_DISPLAY.id, 14, null, null),
+        createEnergyConsumerResult(CONSUMER_OTHER_1.id, 0, null, null),
+        // No CONSUMER_OTHER_2
     };
-    private final MeasuredEnergyArray mJustDisplayEnergyArray = new MeasuredEnergyArray() {
-        @Override
-        public int getSubsystem(int index) {
-            return mAllSubsystems[0];
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public long getEnergy(int index) {
-            return mCurrentSubsystemEnergyUJ[0];
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public int size() {
-            return 1;
-        }
+    private static final  EnergyConsumerResult[] RESULTS_1 = new EnergyConsumerResult[] {
+        createEnergyConsumerResult(CONSUMER_DISPLAY.id, 24, null, null),
+        createEnergyConsumerResult(CONSUMER_OTHER_0.id, 90, new int[] {47, 3}, new long[] {14, 13}),
+        createEnergyConsumerResult(CONSUMER_OTHER_2.id, 12, new int[] {6}, new long[] {10}),
+        createEnergyConsumerResult(CONSUMER_OTHER_1.id, 12_000, null, null),
+    };
+    private static final  EnergyConsumerResult[] RESULTS_2 = new EnergyConsumerResult[] {
+        createEnergyConsumerResult(CONSUMER_DISPLAY.id, 36, null, null),
+        // No CONSUMER_OTHER_0
+        // No CONSUMER_OTHER_1
+        // No CONSUMER_OTHER_2
+    };
+    private static final  EnergyConsumerResult[] RESULTS_3 = new EnergyConsumerResult[] {
+        // No CONSUMER_DISPLAY
+        createEnergyConsumerResult(CONSUMER_OTHER_2.id, 13, new int[] {6}, new long[] {10}),
+        createEnergyConsumerResult(
+                CONSUMER_OTHER_0.id, 190, new int[] {2, 3, 47, 7}, new long[] {9, 18, 14, 6}),
+        createEnergyConsumerResult(CONSUMER_OTHER_1.id, 12_000, null, null),
+    };
+    private static final  EnergyConsumerResult[] RESULTS_4 = new EnergyConsumerResult[] {
+        createEnergyConsumerResult(CONSUMER_DISPLAY.id, 43, null, null),
+        createEnergyConsumerResult(
+                CONSUMER_OTHER_0.id, 290, new int[] {7, 47, 3, 2}, new long[] {6, 14, 18, 11}),
+        // No CONSUMER_OTHER_1
+        createEnergyConsumerResult(CONSUMER_OTHER_2.id, 165, new int[] {6, 47}, new long[] {10, 8}),
     };
 
-    @Before
-    public void setUp() {
-        mSnapshot = new MeasuredEnergySnapshot(NUMBER_SUBSYSTEMS, mOmniEnergyArray);
+    @Test
+    public void testUpdateAndGetDelta_empty() {
+        final MeasuredEnergySnapshot snapshot = new MeasuredEnergySnapshot(ALL_ID_CONSUMER_MAP);
+        assertNull(snapshot.updateAndGetDelta(null));
+        assertNull(snapshot.updateAndGetDelta(new EnergyConsumerResult[0]));
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testUpdateAndGetDelta() {
-        SparseLongArray result;
+        final MeasuredEnergySnapshot snapshot = new MeasuredEnergySnapshot(ALL_ID_CONSUMER_MAP);
 
-        // Increment DISPLAY by 15
-        incrementEnergyOfSubsystem(SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY, 15);
-        result = mSnapshot.updateAndGetDelta(mOmniEnergyArray);
-        assertEquals(1, result.size());
-        assertEquals(15, result.get(SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY));
+        // results0
+        MeasuredEnergyDeltaData delta = snapshot.updateAndGetDelta(RESULTS_0);
+        if (delta != null) { // null is fine here. If non-null, it better be uninteresting though.
+            assertEquals(UNAVAILABLE, delta.displayEnergyUJ);
+            assertNull(delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ);
+            assertNull(delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ);
+        }
 
-        // Increment DISPLAY by 7
-        // Increment CATAPULT by 5. But do NOT include (pull) it in the passed in energy array.
-        incrementEnergyOfSubsystem(SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY, 7);
-        incrementEnergyOfSubsystem(SUBSYSTEM_CATAPULT, 5);
-        result = mSnapshot.updateAndGetDelta(mJustDisplayEnergyArray); // Just pull display.
-        assertEquals(1, result.size());
-        assertEquals(7, result.get(SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY));
+        // results1
+        delta = snapshot.updateAndGetDelta(RESULTS_1);
+        assertNotNull(delta);
+        assertEquals(24 - 14, delta.displayEnergyUJ);
 
-        // Increment CATAPULT by 64 (in addition to the previous increase of 5)
-        incrementEnergyOfSubsystem(SUBSYSTEM_CATAPULT, 64);
-        result = mSnapshot.updateAndGetDelta(mOmniEnergyArray);
-        assertEquals(1, result.size());
-        assertEquals(5 + 64, result.get(SUBSYSTEM_CATAPULT));
+        assertNotNull(delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ);
+        assertEquals(90 - 90, delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ[0]);
+        assertEquals(12_000 - 0, delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ[1]);
+        assertEquals(0, delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ[2]); // First good pull. Treat delta as 0.
 
-        // Do nothing
-        result = mSnapshot.updateAndGetDelta(mOmniEnergyArray);
-        assertEquals("0 results should not appear at all", 0, result.size());
+        assertNotNull(delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ);
+        assertNullOrEmpty(delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ[0]); // No change in uid energies
+        assertNullOrEmpty(delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ[1]);
+        assertNullOrEmpty(delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ[2]);
 
-        // Increment DISPLAY by 42
-        incrementEnergyOfSubsystem(SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY, 42);
-        result = mSnapshot.updateAndGetDelta(mOmniEnergyArray);
-        assertEquals(1, result.size());
-        assertEquals(42, result.get(SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY));
+        // results2
+        delta = snapshot.updateAndGetDelta(RESULTS_2);
+        assertNotNull(delta);
+        assertEquals(36 - 24, delta.displayEnergyUJ);
+        assertNull(delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ);
+        assertNull(delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ);
 
-        // Increment DISPLAY by 106 and CATAPULT by 13
-        incrementEnergyOfSubsystem(SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY, 106);
-        incrementEnergyOfSubsystem(SUBSYSTEM_CATAPULT, 13);
-        result = mSnapshot.updateAndGetDelta(mOmniEnergyArray);
-        assertEquals(2, result.size());
-        assertEquals(106, result.get(SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY));
-        assertEquals(13, result.get(SUBSYSTEM_CATAPULT));
+        // results3
+        delta = snapshot.updateAndGetDelta(RESULTS_3);
+        assertNotNull(delta);
+        assertEquals(UNAVAILABLE, delta.displayEnergyUJ);
+
+        assertNotNull(delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ);
+        assertEquals(190 - 90, delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ[0]);
+        assertEquals(12_000 - 12_000, delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ[1]);
+        assertEquals(13 - 12, delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ[2]);
+
+        assertNotNull(delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ);
+        assertEquals(3, delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ[0].size());
+        assertEquals(9 - 0, delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ[0].get(2));
+        assertEquals(18 - 13, delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ[0].get(3));
+        assertEquals(6 - 0, delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ[0].get(7));
+        assertNullOrEmpty(delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ[1]);
+        assertNullOrEmpty(delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ[2]);
+
+        // results4
+        delta = snapshot.updateAndGetDelta(RESULTS_4);
+        assertNotNull(delta);
+        assertEquals(43 - 36, delta.displayEnergyUJ);
+
+        assertNotNull(delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ);
+        assertEquals(290 - 190, delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ[0]);
+        assertEquals(0, delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ[1]); // Not present (e.g. missing data)
+        assertEquals(165 - 13, delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ[2]);
+
+        assertNotNull(delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ);
+        assertEquals(1, delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ[0].size());
+        assertEquals(11 - 9, delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ[0].get(2));
+        assertNullOrEmpty(delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ[1]); // Not present
+        assertEquals(1, delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ[2].size());
+        assertEquals(8, delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ[2].get(47));
     }
 
-    private void incrementEnergyOfSubsystem(int subsystem, long energy) {
-        mCurrentSubsystemEnergyUJ[mSubsystemIndices[subsystem]] += energy;
+    /** Test updateAndGetDelta() when the results have consumers absent from idToConsumerMap. */
+    @Test
+    public void testUpdateAndGetDelta_some() {
+        final MeasuredEnergySnapshot snapshot = new MeasuredEnergySnapshot(SOME_ID_CONSUMER_MAP);
+
+        // results0
+        MeasuredEnergyDeltaData delta = snapshot.updateAndGetDelta(RESULTS_0);
+        if (delta != null) { // null is fine here. If non-null, it better be uninteresting though.
+            assertEquals(UNAVAILABLE, delta.displayEnergyUJ);
+            assertNull(delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ);
+            assertNull(delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ);
+        }
+
+        // results1
+        delta = snapshot.updateAndGetDelta(RESULTS_1);
+        assertNotNull(delta);
+        assertEquals(24 - 14, delta.displayEnergyUJ);
+        assertNull(delta.otherTotalEnergyUJ); // Although in the results, they're not in the idMap
+        assertNull(delta.otherUidEnergiesUJ);
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testUpdateAndGetDelta_null() {
-        assertNull(mSnapshot.updateAndGetDelta(null));
+    public void testGetNumOtherOrdinals() {
+        final MeasuredEnergySnapshot snapshot = new MeasuredEnergySnapshot(ALL_ID_CONSUMER_MAP);
+        assertEquals(3, snapshot.getNumOtherOrdinals());
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testHasSubsystem() {
-        // Setup MeasuredEnergySnapshot which reported some of the subsystems.
-        final int[] subsystems = {SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY, SUBSYSTEM_CATAPULT};
-        MeasuredEnergyArray measuredEnergyArray = new MeasuredEnergyArray() {
-            @Override
-            public int getSubsystem(int index) {
-                return subsystems[index];
-            }
+    public void testGetNumOtherOrdinals_none() {
+        final MeasuredEnergySnapshot snapshot = new MeasuredEnergySnapshot(SOME_ID_CONSUMER_MAP);
+        assertEquals(0, snapshot.getNumOtherOrdinals());
+    }
 
-            @Override
-            public long getEnergy(int index) {
-                return 0; // Irrelevant for this test.
-            }
+    private static EnergyConsumer createEnergyConsumer(int id, int ord, byte type, String name) {
+        final EnergyConsumer ec = new EnergyConsumer();
+        ec.id = id;
+        ec.ordinal = ord;
+        ec.type = type;
+        ec.name = name;
+        return ec;
+    }
 
-            @Override
-            public int size() {
-                return subsystems.length;
-            }
-        };
-        final MeasuredEnergySnapshot snapshot =
-                new MeasuredEnergySnapshot(NUMBER_SUBSYSTEMS, measuredEnergyArray);
+    private static SparseArray<EnergyConsumer> createIdToConsumerMap(EnergyConsumer ... ecs) {
+        final SparseArray<EnergyConsumer> map = new SparseArray<>();
+        for (EnergyConsumer ec : ecs) {
+            map.put(ec.id, ec);
+        }
+        return map;
+    }
 
-        assertTrue(snapshot.hasSubsystem(SUBSYSTEM_DISPLAY));
-        assertTrue(snapshot.hasSubsystem(SUBSYSTEM_CATAPULT));
-        assertFalse(snapshot.hasSubsystem(SUBSYSTEM_NEVER_USED));
+    private static EnergyConsumerResult createEnergyConsumerResult(
+            int id, long energyUWs, int[] uids, long[] uidEnergies) {
+        final EnergyConsumerResult ecr = new EnergyConsumerResult();
+        ecr.id = id;
+        ecr.energyUWs = energyUWs;
+        if (uids != null) {
+            ecr.attribution = new EnergyConsumerAttribution[uids.length];
+            for (int i = 0; i < uids.length; i++) {
+                ecr.attribution[i] = new EnergyConsumerAttribution();
+                ecr.attribution[i].uid = uids[i];
+                ecr.attribution[i].energyUWs = uidEnergies[i];
+            }
+        }
+        return ecr;
+    }
+
+    private void assertNullOrEmpty(SparseLongArray a) {
+        if (a != null) assertEquals("Array should be null or empty", 0, a.size());
     }
 }