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android / platform / external / rust / crates / clap / 6cdbbcc / . / 3.2.23 / src / builder / command.rs
blob: 3194bb01aa96be84d15bada2ffcb1cbddece2b15 [file] [log] [blame]
#![allow(deprecated)]
// Std
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::env;
use std::ffi::OsString;
use std::fmt;
use std::io;
use std::ops::Index;
use std::path::Path;
// Third Party
#[cfg(feature = "yaml")]
use yaml_rust::Yaml;
// Internal
use crate::builder::app_settings::{AppFlags, AppSettings};
use crate::builder::arg_settings::ArgSettings;
use crate::builder::{arg::ArgProvider, Arg, ArgGroup, ArgPredicate};
use crate::error::ErrorKind;
use crate::error::Result as ClapResult;
use crate::mkeymap::MKeyMap;
use crate::output::fmt::Stream;
use crate::output::{fmt::Colorizer, Help, HelpWriter, Usage};
use crate::parser::{ArgMatcher, ArgMatches, Parser};
use crate::util::ChildGraph;
use crate::util::{color::ColorChoice, Id, Key};
use crate::PossibleValue;
use crate::{Error, INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG};
#[cfg(debug_assertions)]
use crate::builder::debug_asserts::assert_app;
/// Build a command-line interface.
///
/// This includes defining arguments, subcommands, parser behavior, and help output.
/// Once all configuration is complete,
/// the [`Command::get_matches`] family of methods starts the runtime-parsing
/// process. These methods then return information about the user supplied
/// arguments (or lack thereof).
///
/// When deriving a [`Parser`][crate::Parser], you can use
/// [`CommandFactory::command`][crate::CommandFactory::command] to access the
/// `Command`.
///
/// - [Basic API][crate::App#basic-api]
/// - [Application-wide Settings][crate::App#application-wide-settings]
/// - [Command-specific Settings][crate::App#command-specific-settings]
/// - [Subcommand-specific Settings][crate::App#subcommand-specific-settings]
/// - [Reflection][crate::App#reflection]
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// let m = Command::new("My Program")
/// .author("Me, me@mail.com")
/// .version("1.0.2")
/// .about("Explains in brief what the program does")
/// .arg(
/// Arg::new("in_file")
/// )
/// .after_help("Longer explanation to appear after the options when \
/// displaying the help information from --help or -h")
/// .get_matches();
///
/// // Your program logic starts here...
/// ```
/// [`App::get_matches`]: Command::get_matches()
pub type Command<'help> = App<'help>;
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.1.0", note = "Replaced with `Command`")
)]
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct App<'help> {
id: Id,
name: String,
long_flag: Option<&'help str>,
short_flag: Option<char>,
display_name: Option<String>,
bin_name: Option<String>,
author: Option<&'help str>,
version: Option<&'help str>,
long_version: Option<&'help str>,
about: Option<&'help str>,
long_about: Option<&'help str>,
before_help: Option<&'help str>,
before_long_help: Option<&'help str>,
after_help: Option<&'help str>,
after_long_help: Option<&'help str>,
aliases: Vec<(&'help str, bool)>, // (name, visible)
short_flag_aliases: Vec<(char, bool)>, // (name, visible)
long_flag_aliases: Vec<(&'help str, bool)>, // (name, visible)
usage_str: Option<&'help str>,
usage_name: Option<String>,
help_str: Option<&'help str>,
disp_ord: Option<usize>,
term_w: Option<usize>,
max_w: Option<usize>,
template: Option<&'help str>,
settings: AppFlags,
g_settings: AppFlags,
args: MKeyMap<'help>,
subcommands: Vec<App<'help>>,
replacers: HashMap<&'help str, &'help [&'help str]>,
groups: Vec<ArgGroup<'help>>,
current_help_heading: Option<&'help str>,
current_disp_ord: Option<usize>,
subcommand_value_name: Option<&'help str>,
subcommand_heading: Option<&'help str>,
}
/// # Basic API
impl<'help> App<'help> {
/// Creates a new instance of an `Command`.
///
/// It is common, but not required, to use binary name as the `name`. This
/// name will only be displayed to the user when they request to print
/// version or help and usage information.
///
/// See also [`command!`](crate::command!) and [`crate_name!`](crate::crate_name!).
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("My Program")
/// # ;
/// ```
pub fn new<S: Into<String>>(name: S) -> Self {
/// The actual implementation of `new`, non-generic to save code size.
///
/// If we don't do this rustc will unnecessarily generate multiple versions
/// of this code.
fn new_inner<'help>(name: String) -> App<'help> {
App {
id: Id::from(&*name),
name,
..Default::default()
}
.arg(
Arg::new("help")
.long("help")
.help("Print help information")
.global(true)
.generated(),
)
.arg(
Arg::new("version")
.long("version")
.help("Print version information")
.global(true)
.generated(),
)
}
new_inner(name.into())
}
/// Adds an [argument] to the list of valid possibilities.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, arg, Arg};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// // Adding a single "flag" argument with a short and help text, using Arg::new()
/// .arg(
/// Arg::new("debug")
/// .short('d')
/// .help("turns on debugging mode")
/// )
/// // Adding a single "option" argument with a short, a long, and help text using the less
/// // verbose Arg::from()
/// .arg(
/// arg!(-c --config <CONFIG> "Optionally sets a config file to use")
/// )
/// # ;
/// ```
/// [argument]: Arg
#[must_use]
pub fn arg<A: Into<Arg<'help>>>(mut self, a: A) -> Self {
let mut arg = a.into();
if let Some(current_disp_ord) = self.current_disp_ord.as_mut() {
if !arg.is_positional() && arg.provider != ArgProvider::Generated {
let current = *current_disp_ord;
arg.disp_ord.set_implicit(current);
*current_disp_ord = current + 1;
}
}
arg.help_heading.get_or_insert(self.current_help_heading);
self.args.push(arg);
self
}
/// Adds multiple [arguments] to the list of valid possibilities.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, arg, Arg};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .args(&[
/// arg!("[debug] -d 'turns on debugging info'"),
/// Arg::new("input").help("the input file to use")
/// ])
/// # ;
/// ```
/// [arguments]: Arg
#[must_use]
pub fn args<I, T>(mut self, args: I) -> Self
where
I: IntoIterator<Item = T>,
T: Into<Arg<'help>>,
{
let args = args.into_iter();
let (lower, _) = args.size_hint();
self.args.reserve(lower);
for arg in args {
self = self.arg(arg);
}
self
}
/// Allows one to mutate an [`Arg`] after it's been added to a [`Command`].
///
/// This can be useful for modifying the auto-generated help or version arguments.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
///
/// let mut cmd = Command::new("foo")
/// .arg(Arg::new("bar")
/// .short('b'))
/// .mut_arg("bar", |a| a.short('B'));
///
/// let res = cmd.try_get_matches_from_mut(vec!["foo", "-b"]);
///
/// // Since we changed `bar`'s short to "B" this should err as there
/// // is no `-b` anymore, only `-B`
///
/// assert!(res.is_err());
///
/// let res = cmd.try_get_matches_from_mut(vec!["foo", "-B"]);
/// assert!(res.is_ok());
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn mut_arg<T, F>(mut self, arg_id: T, f: F) -> Self
where
F: FnOnce(Arg<'help>) -> Arg<'help>,
T: Key + Into<&'help str>,
{
let arg_id: &str = arg_id.into();
let id = Id::from(arg_id);
let mut a = self.args.remove_by_name(&id).unwrap_or_else(|| Arg {
id,
name: arg_id,
..Arg::default()
});
if a.provider == ArgProvider::Generated {
a.provider = ArgProvider::GeneratedMutated;
}
self.args.push(f(a));
self
}
/// Allows one to mutate a [`Command`] after it's been added as a subcommand.
///
/// This can be useful for modifying auto-generated arguments of nested subcommands with
/// [`Command::mut_arg`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::Command;
///
/// let mut cmd = Command::new("foo")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("bar"))
/// .mut_subcommand("bar", |subcmd| subcmd.disable_help_flag(true));
///
/// let res = cmd.try_get_matches_from_mut(vec!["foo", "bar", "--help"]);
///
/// // Since we disabled the help flag on the "bar" subcommand, this should err.
///
/// assert!(res.is_err());
///
/// let res = cmd.try_get_matches_from_mut(vec!["foo", "bar"]);
/// assert!(res.is_ok());
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn mut_subcommand<'a, T, F>(mut self, subcmd_id: T, f: F) -> Self
where
F: FnOnce(App<'help>) -> App<'help>,
T: Into<&'a str>,
{
let subcmd_id: &str = subcmd_id.into();
let id = Id::from(subcmd_id);
let pos = self.subcommands.iter().position(|s| s.id == id);
let subcmd = if let Some(idx) = pos {
self.subcommands.remove(idx)
} else {
App::new(subcmd_id)
};
self.subcommands.push(f(subcmd));
self
}
/// Adds an [`ArgGroup`] to the application.
///
/// [`ArgGroup`]s are a family of related arguments.
/// By placing them in a logical group, you can build easier requirement and exclusion rules.
///
/// Example use cases:
/// - Make an entire [`ArgGroup`] required, meaning that one (and *only*
/// one) argument from that group must be present at runtime.
/// - Name an [`ArgGroup`] as a conflict to another argument.
/// Meaning any of the arguments that belong to that group will cause a failure if present with
/// the conflicting argument.
/// - Ensure exclusion between arguments.
/// - Extract a value from a group instead of determining exactly which argument was used.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// The following example demonstrates using an [`ArgGroup`] to ensure that one, and only one,
/// of the arguments from the specified group is present at runtime.
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, arg, ArgGroup};
/// Command::new("cmd")
/// .arg(arg!("--set-ver [ver] 'set the version manually'"))
/// .arg(arg!("--major 'auto increase major'"))
/// .arg(arg!("--minor 'auto increase minor'"))
/// .arg(arg!("--patch 'auto increase patch'"))
/// .group(ArgGroup::new("vers")
/// .args(&["set-ver", "major", "minor","patch"])
/// .required(true))
/// # ;
/// ```
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub fn group<G: Into<ArgGroup<'help>>>(mut self, group: G) -> Self {
self.groups.push(group.into());
self
}
/// Adds multiple [`ArgGroup`]s to the [`Command`] at once.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, arg, ArgGroup};
/// Command::new("cmd")
/// .arg(arg!("--set-ver [ver] 'set the version manually'"))
/// .arg(arg!("--major 'auto increase major'"))
/// .arg(arg!("--minor 'auto increase minor'"))
/// .arg(arg!("--patch 'auto increase patch'"))
/// .arg(arg!("-c [FILE] 'a config file'"))
/// .arg(arg!("-i [IFACE] 'an interface'"))
/// .groups(&[
/// ArgGroup::new("vers")
/// .args(&["set-ver", "major", "minor","patch"])
/// .required(true),
/// ArgGroup::new("input")
/// .args(&["c", "i"])
/// ])
/// # ;
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn groups<I, T>(mut self, groups: I) -> Self
where
I: IntoIterator<Item = T>,
T: Into<ArgGroup<'help>>,
{
for g in groups.into_iter() {
self = self.group(g.into());
}
self
}
/// Adds a subcommand to the list of valid possibilities.
///
/// Subcommands are effectively sub-[`Command`]s, because they can contain their own arguments,
/// subcommands, version, usage, etc. They also function just like [`Command`]s, in that they get
/// their own auto generated help, version, and usage.
///
/// A subcommand's [`Command::name`] will be used for:
/// - The argument the user passes in
/// - Programmatically looking up the subcommand
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, arg};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("config")
/// .about("Controls configuration features")
/// .arg(arg!("<config> 'Required configuration file to use'")))
/// # ;
/// ```
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub fn subcommand<S: Into<App<'help>>>(mut self, subcmd: S) -> Self {
self.subcommands.push(subcmd.into());
self
}
/// Adds multiple subcommands to the list of valid possibilities.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, };
/// # Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommands( vec![
/// Command::new("config").about("Controls configuration functionality")
/// .arg(Arg::new("config_file")),
/// Command::new("debug").about("Controls debug functionality")])
/// # ;
/// ```
/// [`IntoIterator`]: std::iter::IntoIterator
#[must_use]
pub fn subcommands<I, T>(mut self, subcmds: I) -> Self
where
I: IntoIterator<Item = T>,
T: Into<App<'help>>,
{
for subcmd in subcmds.into_iter() {
self.subcommands.push(subcmd.into());
}
self
}
/// Catch problems earlier in the development cycle.
///
/// Most error states are handled as asserts under the assumption they are programming mistake
/// and not something to handle at runtime. Rather than relying on tests (manual or automated)
/// that exhaustively test your CLI to ensure the asserts are evaluated, this will run those
/// asserts in a way convenient for running as a test.
///
/// **Note::** This will not help with asserts in [`ArgMatches`], those will need exhaustive
/// testing of your CLI.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ArgAction};
/// fn cmd() -> Command<'static> {
/// Command::new("foo")
/// .arg(
/// Arg::new("bar").short('b').action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
/// )
/// }
///
/// #[test]
/// fn verify_app() {
/// cmd().debug_assert();
/// }
///
/// fn main() {
/// let m = cmd().get_matches_from(vec!["foo", "-b"]);
/// println!("{}", *m.get_one::<bool>("bar").expect("defaulted by clap"));
/// }
/// ```
pub fn debug_assert(mut self) {
self._build_all();
}
/// Custom error message for post-parsing validation
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, ErrorKind};
/// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog");
/// let err = cmd.error(ErrorKind::InvalidValue, "Some failure case");
/// ```
pub fn error(&mut self, kind: ErrorKind, message: impl std::fmt::Display) -> Error {
Error::raw(kind, message).format(self)
}
/// Parse [`env::args_os`], exiting on failure.
///
/// # Panics
///
/// If contradictory arguments or settings exist.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// let matches = Command::new("myprog")
/// // Args and options go here...
/// .get_matches();
/// ```
/// [`env::args_os`]: std::env::args_os()
/// [`App::try_get_matches_from_mut`]: Command::try_get_matches_from_mut()
#[inline]
pub fn get_matches(self) -> ArgMatches {
self.get_matches_from(&mut env::args_os())
}
/// Parse [`env::args_os`], exiting on failure.
///
/// Like [`App::get_matches`] but doesn't consume the `Command`.
///
/// # Panics
///
/// If contradictory arguments or settings exist.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog")
/// // Args and options go here...
/// ;
/// let matches = cmd.get_matches_mut();
/// ```
/// [`env::args_os`]: std::env::args_os()
/// [`App::get_matches`]: Command::get_matches()
pub fn get_matches_mut(&mut self) -> ArgMatches {
self.try_get_matches_from_mut(&mut env::args_os())
.unwrap_or_else(|e| e.exit())
}
/// Parse [`env::args_os`], returning a [`clap::Result`] on failure.
///
/// **NOTE:** This method WILL NOT exit when `--help` or `--version` (or short versions) are
/// used. It will return a [`clap::Error`], where the [`kind`] is a
/// [`ErrorKind::DisplayHelp`] or [`ErrorKind::DisplayVersion`] respectively. You must call
/// [`Error::exit`] or perform a [`std::process::exit`].
///
/// # Panics
///
/// If contradictory arguments or settings exist.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// let matches = Command::new("myprog")
/// // Args and options go here...
/// .try_get_matches()
/// .unwrap_or_else(|e| e.exit());
/// ```
/// [`env::args_os`]: std::env::args_os()
/// [`Error::exit`]: crate::Error::exit()
/// [`std::process::exit`]: std::process::exit()
/// [`clap::Result`]: Result
/// [`clap::Error`]: crate::Error
/// [`kind`]: crate::Error
/// [`ErrorKind::DisplayHelp`]: crate::ErrorKind::DisplayHelp
/// [`ErrorKind::DisplayVersion`]: crate::ErrorKind::DisplayVersion
#[inline]
pub fn try_get_matches(self) -> ClapResult<ArgMatches> {
// Start the parsing
self.try_get_matches_from(&mut env::args_os())
}
/// Parse the specified arguments, exiting on failure.
///
/// **NOTE:** The first argument will be parsed as the binary name unless
/// [`Command::no_binary_name`] is used.
///
/// # Panics
///
/// If contradictory arguments or settings exist.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// let arg_vec = vec!["my_prog", "some", "args", "to", "parse"];
///
/// let matches = Command::new("myprog")
/// // Args and options go here...
/// .get_matches_from(arg_vec);
/// ```
/// [`App::get_matches`]: Command::get_matches()
/// [`clap::Result`]: Result
/// [`Vec`]: std::vec::Vec
pub fn get_matches_from<I, T>(mut self, itr: I) -> ArgMatches
where
I: IntoIterator<Item = T>,
T: Into<OsString> + Clone,
{
self.try_get_matches_from_mut(itr).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
drop(self);
e.exit()
})
}
/// Parse the specified arguments, returning a [`clap::Result`] on failure.
///
/// **NOTE:** This method WILL NOT exit when `--help` or `--version` (or short versions) are
/// used. It will return a [`clap::Error`], where the [`kind`] is a [`ErrorKind::DisplayHelp`]
/// or [`ErrorKind::DisplayVersion`] respectively. You must call [`Error::exit`] or
/// perform a [`std::process::exit`] yourself.
///
/// **NOTE:** The first argument will be parsed as the binary name unless
/// [`Command::no_binary_name`] is used.
///
/// # Panics
///
/// If contradictory arguments or settings exist.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// let arg_vec = vec!["my_prog", "some", "args", "to", "parse"];
///
/// let matches = Command::new("myprog")
/// // Args and options go here...
/// .try_get_matches_from(arg_vec)
/// .unwrap_or_else(|e| e.exit());
/// ```
/// [`App::get_matches_from`]: Command::get_matches_from()
/// [`App::try_get_matches`]: Command::try_get_matches()
/// [`Error::exit`]: crate::Error::exit()
/// [`std::process::exit`]: std::process::exit()
/// [`clap::Error`]: crate::Error
/// [`Error::exit`]: crate::Error::exit()
/// [`kind`]: crate::Error
/// [`ErrorKind::DisplayHelp`]: crate::ErrorKind::DisplayHelp
/// [`ErrorKind::DisplayVersion`]: crate::ErrorKind::DisplayVersion
/// [`clap::Result`]: Result
pub fn try_get_matches_from<I, T>(mut self, itr: I) -> ClapResult<ArgMatches>
where
I: IntoIterator<Item = T>,
T: Into<OsString> + Clone,
{
self.try_get_matches_from_mut(itr)
}
/// Parse the specified arguments, returning a [`clap::Result`] on failure.
///
/// Like [`App::try_get_matches_from`] but doesn't consume the `Command`.
///
/// **NOTE:** This method WILL NOT exit when `--help` or `--version` (or short versions) are
/// used. It will return a [`clap::Error`], where the [`kind`] is a [`ErrorKind::DisplayHelp`]
/// or [`ErrorKind::DisplayVersion`] respectively. You must call [`Error::exit`] or
/// perform a [`std::process::exit`] yourself.
///
/// **NOTE:** The first argument will be parsed as the binary name unless
/// [`Command::no_binary_name`] is used.
///
/// # Panics
///
/// If contradictory arguments or settings exist.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// let arg_vec = vec!["my_prog", "some", "args", "to", "parse"];
///
/// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog");
/// // Args and options go here...
/// let matches = cmd.try_get_matches_from_mut(arg_vec)
/// .unwrap_or_else(|e| e.exit());
/// ```
/// [`App::try_get_matches_from`]: Command::try_get_matches_from()
/// [`clap::Result`]: Result
/// [`clap::Error`]: crate::Error
/// [`kind`]: crate::Error
pub fn try_get_matches_from_mut<I, T>(&mut self, itr: I) -> ClapResult<ArgMatches>
where
I: IntoIterator<Item = T>,
T: Into<OsString> + Clone,
{
let mut raw_args = clap_lex::RawArgs::new(itr.into_iter());
let mut cursor = raw_args.cursor();
if self.settings.is_set(AppSettings::Multicall) {
if let Some(argv0) = raw_args.next_os(&mut cursor) {
let argv0 = Path::new(&argv0);
if let Some(command) = argv0.file_stem().and_then(|f| f.to_str()) {
// Stop borrowing command so we can get another mut ref to it.
let command = command.to_owned();
debug!(
"Command::try_get_matches_from_mut: Parsed command {} from argv",
command
);
debug!("Command::try_get_matches_from_mut: Reinserting command into arguments so subcommand parser matches it");
raw_args.insert(&cursor, &[&command]);
debug!("Command::try_get_matches_from_mut: Clearing name and bin_name so that displayed command name starts with applet name");
self.name.clear();
self.bin_name = None;
return self._do_parse(&mut raw_args, cursor);
}
}
};
// Get the name of the program (argument 1 of env::args()) and determine the
// actual file
// that was used to execute the program. This is because a program called
// ./target/release/my_prog -a
// will have two arguments, './target/release/my_prog', '-a' but we don't want
// to display
// the full path when displaying help messages and such
if !self.settings.is_set(AppSettings::NoBinaryName) {
if let Some(name) = raw_args.next_os(&mut cursor) {
let p = Path::new(name);
if let Some(f) = p.file_name() {
if let Some(s) = f.to_str() {
if self.bin_name.is_none() {
self.bin_name = Some(s.to_owned());
}
}
}
}
}
self._do_parse(&mut raw_args, cursor)
}
/// Prints the short help message (`-h`) to [`io::stdout()`].
///
/// See also [`Command::print_long_help`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::Command;
/// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog");
/// cmd.print_help();
/// ```
/// [`io::stdout()`]: std::io::stdout()
pub fn print_help(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
self._build_self();
let color = self.color_help();
let mut c = Colorizer::new(Stream::Stdout, color);
let usage = Usage::new(self);
Help::new(HelpWriter::Buffer(&mut c), self, &usage, false).write_help()?;
c.print()
}
/// Prints the long help message (`--help`) to [`io::stdout()`].
///
/// See also [`Command::print_help`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::Command;
/// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog");
/// cmd.print_long_help();
/// ```
/// [`io::stdout()`]: std::io::stdout()
/// [`BufWriter`]: std::io::BufWriter
/// [`-h` (short)]: Arg::help()
/// [`--help` (long)]: Arg::long_help()
pub fn print_long_help(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
self._build_self();
let color = self.color_help();
let mut c = Colorizer::new(Stream::Stdout, color);
let usage = Usage::new(self);
Help::new(HelpWriter::Buffer(&mut c), self, &usage, true).write_help()?;
c.print()
}
/// Writes the short help message (`-h`) to a [`io::Write`] object.
///
/// See also [`Command::write_long_help`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::Command;
/// use std::io;
/// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog");
/// let mut out = io::stdout();
/// cmd.write_help(&mut out).expect("failed to write to stdout");
/// ```
/// [`io::Write`]: std::io::Write
/// [`-h` (short)]: Arg::help()
/// [`--help` (long)]: Arg::long_help()
pub fn write_help<W: io::Write>(&mut self, w: &mut W) -> io::Result<()> {
self._build_self();
let usage = Usage::new(self);
Help::new(HelpWriter::Normal(w), self, &usage, false).write_help()?;
w.flush()
}
/// Writes the long help message (`--help`) to a [`io::Write`] object.
///
/// See also [`Command::write_help`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::Command;
/// use std::io;
/// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog");
/// let mut out = io::stdout();
/// cmd.write_long_help(&mut out).expect("failed to write to stdout");
/// ```
/// [`io::Write`]: std::io::Write
/// [`-h` (short)]: Arg::help()
/// [`--help` (long)]: Arg::long_help()
pub fn write_long_help<W: io::Write>(&mut self, w: &mut W) -> io::Result<()> {
self._build_self();
let usage = Usage::new(self);
Help::new(HelpWriter::Normal(w), self, &usage, true).write_help()?;
w.flush()
}
/// Version message rendered as if the user ran `-V`.
///
/// See also [`Command::render_long_version`].
///
/// ### Coloring
///
/// This function does not try to color the message nor it inserts any [ANSI escape codes].
///
/// ### Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::Command;
/// use std::io;
/// let cmd = Command::new("myprog");
/// println!("{}", cmd.render_version());
/// ```
/// [`io::Write`]: std::io::Write
/// [`-V` (short)]: Command::version()
/// [`--version` (long)]: Command::long_version()
/// [ANSI escape codes]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code
pub fn render_version(&self) -> String {
self._render_version(false)
}
/// Version message rendered as if the user ran `--version`.
///
/// See also [`Command::render_version`].
///
/// ### Coloring
///
/// This function does not try to color the message nor it inserts any [ANSI escape codes].
///
/// ### Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::Command;
/// use std::io;
/// let cmd = Command::new("myprog");
/// println!("{}", cmd.render_long_version());
/// ```
/// [`io::Write`]: std::io::Write
/// [`-V` (short)]: Command::version()
/// [`--version` (long)]: Command::long_version()
/// [ANSI escape codes]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code
pub fn render_long_version(&self) -> String {
self._render_version(true)
}
/// Usage statement
///
/// ### Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::Command;
/// use std::io;
/// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog");
/// println!("{}", cmd.render_usage());
/// ```
pub fn render_usage(&mut self) -> String {
// If there are global arguments, or settings we need to propagate them down to subcommands
// before parsing incase we run into a subcommand
self._build_self();
Usage::new(self).create_usage_with_title(&[])
}
}
/// # Application-wide Settings
///
/// These settings will apply to the top-level command and all subcommands, by default. Some
/// settings can be overridden in subcommands.
impl<'help> App<'help> {
/// Specifies that the parser should not assume the first argument passed is the binary name.
///
/// This is normally the case when using a "daemon" style mode. For shells / REPLs, see
/// [`Command::multicall`][App::multicall].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, arg};
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .no_binary_name(true)
/// .arg(arg!(<cmd> ... "commands to run"))
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["command", "set"]);
///
/// let cmds: Vec<&str> = m.values_of("cmd").unwrap().collect();
/// assert_eq!(cmds, ["command", "set"]);
/// ```
/// [`try_get_matches_from_mut`]: crate::Command::try_get_matches_from_mut()
#[inline]
pub fn no_binary_name(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.global_setting(AppSettings::NoBinaryName)
} else {
self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::NoBinaryName)
}
}
/// Try not to fail on parse errors, like missing option values.
///
/// **Note:** Make sure you apply it as `global_setting` if you want this setting
/// to be propagated to subcommands and sub-subcommands!
///
/// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, arg};
/// let cmd = Command::new("cmd")
/// .ignore_errors(true)
/// .arg(arg!(-c --config <FILE> "Sets a custom config file").required(false))
/// .arg(arg!(-x --stuff <FILE> "Sets a custom stuff file").required(false))
/// .arg(arg!(f: -f "Flag"));
///
/// let r = cmd.try_get_matches_from(vec!["cmd", "-c", "file", "-f", "-x"]);
///
/// assert!(r.is_ok(), "unexpected error: {:?}", r);
/// let m = r.unwrap();
/// assert_eq!(m.value_of("config"), Some("file"));
/// assert!(m.is_present("f"));
/// assert_eq!(m.value_of("stuff"), None);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn ignore_errors(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.global_setting(AppSettings::IgnoreErrors)
} else {
self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::IgnoreErrors)
}
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`ArgAction::Set`][super::ArgAction::Set]
///
/// The new actions (`ArgAction::Set`, `ArgAction::SetTrue`) do this by default.
///
/// See `ArgAction::StoreValue` and `ArgAction::IncOccurrence` for how to migrate
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(
since = "3.2.0",
note = "Replaced with `Arg::action(ArgAction::...)`
The new actions (`ArgAction::Set`, `ArgAction::SetTrue`) do this by default.
See `ArgAction::StoreValue` and `ArgAction::IncOccurrence` for how to migrate
"
)
)]
pub fn args_override_self(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.global_setting(AppSettings::AllArgsOverrideSelf)
} else {
self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::AllArgsOverrideSelf)
}
}
/// Disables the automatic delimiting of values after `--` or when [`Command::trailing_var_arg`]
/// was used.
///
/// **NOTE:** The same thing can be done manually by setting the final positional argument to
/// [`Arg::use_value_delimiter(false)`]. Using this setting is safer, because it's easier to locate
/// when making changes.
///
/// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .dont_delimit_trailing_values(true)
/// .get_matches();
/// ```
///
/// [`Arg::use_value_delimiter(false)`]: crate::Arg::use_value_delimiter()
#[inline]
pub fn dont_delimit_trailing_values(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.global_setting(AppSettings::DontDelimitTrailingValues)
} else {
self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::DontDelimitTrailingValues)
}
}
/// Sets when to color output.
///
/// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands.
///
/// **NOTE:** Default behaviour is [`ColorChoice::Auto`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, ColorChoice};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .color(ColorChoice::Never)
/// .get_matches();
/// ```
/// [`ColorChoice::Auto`]: crate::ColorChoice::Auto
#[cfg(feature = "color")]
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub fn color(self, color: ColorChoice) -> Self {
#![allow(deprecated)]
let cmd = self
.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::ColorAuto)
.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::ColorAlways)
.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::ColorNever);
match color {
ColorChoice::Auto => cmd.global_setting(AppSettings::ColorAuto),
ColorChoice::Always => cmd.global_setting(AppSettings::ColorAlways),
ColorChoice::Never => cmd.global_setting(AppSettings::ColorNever),
}
}
/// Sets the terminal width at which to wrap help messages.
///
/// Using `0` will ignore terminal widths and use source formatting.
///
/// Defaults to current terminal width when `wrap_help` feature flag is enabled. If the flag
/// is disabled or it cannot be determined, the default is 100.
///
/// **NOTE:** This setting applies globally and *not* on a per-command basis.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .term_width(80)
/// # ;
/// ```
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub fn term_width(mut self, width: usize) -> Self {
self.term_w = Some(width);
self
}
/// Sets the maximum terminal width at which to wrap help messages.
///
/// This only applies when setting the current terminal width. See [`Command::term_width`] for
/// more details.
///
/// Using `0` will ignore terminal widths and use source formatting.
///
/// **NOTE:** This setting applies globally and *not* on a per-command basis.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .max_term_width(100)
/// # ;
/// ```
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub fn max_term_width(mut self, w: usize) -> Self {
self.max_w = Some(w);
self
}
/// Disables `-V` and `--version` flag.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, ErrorKind};
/// let res = Command::new("myprog")
/// .disable_version_flag(true)
/// .try_get_matches_from(vec![
/// "myprog", "-V"
/// ]);
/// assert!(res.is_err());
/// assert_eq!(res.unwrap_err().kind(), ErrorKind::UnknownArgument);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn disable_version_flag(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.global_setting(AppSettings::DisableVersionFlag)
} else {
self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::DisableVersionFlag)
}
}
/// Specifies to use the version of the current command for all [`subcommands`].
///
/// Defaults to `false`; subcommands have independent version strings from their parents.
///
/// **Note:** Make sure you apply it as `global_setting` if you want this setting
/// to be propagated to subcommands and sub-subcommands!
///
/// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .version("v1.1")
/// .propagate_version(true)
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test"))
/// .get_matches();
/// // running `$ myprog test --version` will display
/// // "myprog-test v1.1"
/// ```
///
/// [`subcommands`]: crate::Command::subcommand()
#[inline]
pub fn propagate_version(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.global_setting(AppSettings::PropagateVersion)
} else {
self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::PropagateVersion)
}
}
/// Places the help string for all arguments and subcommands on the line after them.
///
/// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .next_line_help(true)
/// .get_matches();
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn next_line_help(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.global_setting(AppSettings::NextLineHelp)
} else {
self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::NextLineHelp)
}
}
/// Disables `-h` and `--help` flag.
///
/// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, ErrorKind};
/// let res = Command::new("myprog")
/// .disable_help_flag(true)
/// .try_get_matches_from(vec![
/// "myprog", "-h"
/// ]);
/// assert!(res.is_err());
/// assert_eq!(res.unwrap_err().kind(), ErrorKind::UnknownArgument);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn disable_help_flag(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.global_setting(AppSettings::DisableHelpFlag)
} else {
self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::DisableHelpFlag)
}
}
/// Disables the `help` [`subcommand`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, ErrorKind};
/// let res = Command::new("myprog")
/// .disable_help_subcommand(true)
/// // Normally, creating a subcommand causes a `help` subcommand to automatically
/// // be generated as well
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test"))
/// .try_get_matches_from(vec![
/// "myprog", "help"
/// ]);
/// assert!(res.is_err());
/// assert_eq!(res.unwrap_err().kind(), ErrorKind::UnknownArgument);
/// ```
///
/// [`subcommand`]: crate::Command::subcommand()
#[inline]
pub fn disable_help_subcommand(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.global_setting(AppSettings::DisableHelpSubcommand)
} else {
self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::DisableHelpSubcommand)
}
}
/// Disables colorized help messages.
///
/// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .disable_colored_help(true)
/// .get_matches();
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn disable_colored_help(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.global_setting(AppSettings::DisableColoredHelp)
} else {
self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::DisableColoredHelp)
}
}
/// Panic if help descriptions are omitted.
///
/// **NOTE:** When deriving [`Parser`][crate::Parser], you could instead check this at
/// compile-time with `#![deny(missing_docs)]`
///
/// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .help_expected(true)
/// .arg(
/// Arg::new("foo").help("It does foo stuff")
/// // As required via `help_expected`, a help message was supplied
/// )
/// # .get_matches();
/// ```
///
/// # Panics
///
/// ```rust,no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// Command::new("myapp")
/// .help_expected(true)
/// .arg(
/// Arg::new("foo")
/// // Someone forgot to put .about("...") here
/// // Since the setting `help_expected` is activated, this will lead to
/// // a panic (if you are in debug mode)
/// )
/// # .get_matches();
///```
#[inline]
pub fn help_expected(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.global_setting(AppSettings::HelpExpected)
} else {
self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::HelpExpected)
}
}
/// Disables the automatic collapsing of positional args into `[ARGS]` inside the usage string.
///
/// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .dont_collapse_args_in_usage(true)
/// .get_matches();
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn dont_collapse_args_in_usage(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.global_setting(AppSettings::DontCollapseArgsInUsage)
} else {
self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::DontCollapseArgsInUsage)
}
}
/// Tells `clap` *not* to print possible values when displaying help information.
///
/// This can be useful if there are many values, or they are explained elsewhere.
///
/// To set this per argument, see
/// [`Arg::hide_possible_values`][crate::Arg::hide_possible_values].
///
/// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands.
#[inline]
pub fn hide_possible_values(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.global_setting(AppSettings::HidePossibleValues)
} else {
self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::HidePossibleValues)
}
}
/// Allow partial matches of long arguments or their [aliases].
///
/// For example, to match an argument named `--test`, one could use `--t`, `--te`, `--tes`, and
/// `--test`.
///
/// **NOTE:** The match *must not* be ambiguous at all in order to succeed. i.e. to match
/// `--te` to `--test` there could not also be another argument or alias `--temp` because both
/// start with `--te`
///
/// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands.
///
/// [aliases]: crate::Command::aliases()
#[inline]
pub fn infer_long_args(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.global_setting(AppSettings::InferLongArgs)
} else {
self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::InferLongArgs)
}
}
/// Allow partial matches of [subcommand] names and their [aliases].
///
/// For example, to match a subcommand named `test`, one could use `t`, `te`, `tes`, and
/// `test`.
///
/// **NOTE:** The match *must not* be ambiguous at all in order to succeed. i.e. to match `te`
/// to `test` there could not also be a subcommand or alias `temp` because both start with `te`
///
/// **CAUTION:** This setting can interfere with [positional/free arguments], take care when
/// designing CLIs which allow inferred subcommands and have potential positional/free
/// arguments whose values could start with the same characters as subcommands. If this is the
/// case, it's recommended to use settings such as [`Command::args_conflicts_with_subcommands`] in
/// conjunction with this setting.
///
/// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// let m = Command::new("prog")
/// .infer_subcommands(true)
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test"))
/// .get_matches_from(vec![
/// "prog", "te"
/// ]);
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test"));
/// ```
///
/// [subcommand]: crate::Command::subcommand()
/// [positional/free arguments]: crate::Arg::index()
/// [aliases]: crate::Command::aliases()
#[inline]
pub fn infer_subcommands(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.global_setting(AppSettings::InferSubcommands)
} else {
self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::InferSubcommands)
}
}
}
/// # Command-specific Settings
///
/// These apply only to the current command and are not inherited by subcommands.
impl<'help> App<'help> {
/// (Re)Sets the program's name.
///
/// See [`Command::new`] for more details.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```ignore
/// # use clap::{Command, load_yaml};
/// let yaml = load_yaml!("cmd.yaml");
/// let cmd = Command::from(yaml)
/// .name(crate_name!());
///
/// // continued logic goes here, such as `cmd.get_matches()` etc.
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn name<S: Into<String>>(mut self, name: S) -> Self {
self.name = name.into();
self
}
/// Overrides the runtime-determined name of the binary for help and error messages.
///
/// This should only be used when absolutely necessary, such as when the binary name for your
/// application is misleading, or perhaps *not* how the user should invoke your program.
///
/// **Pro-tip:** When building things such as third party `cargo`
/// subcommands, this setting **should** be used!
///
/// **NOTE:** This *does not* change or set the name of the binary file on
/// disk. It only changes what clap thinks the name is for the purposes of
/// error or help messages.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("My Program")
/// .bin_name("my_binary")
/// # ;
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn bin_name<S: Into<String>>(mut self, name: S) -> Self {
self.bin_name = Some(name.into());
self
}
/// Overrides the runtime-determined display name of the program for help and error messages.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("My Program")
/// .display_name("my_program")
/// # ;
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn display_name<S: Into<String>>(mut self, name: S) -> Self {
self.display_name = Some(name.into());
self
}
/// Sets the author(s) for the help message.
///
/// **Pro-tip:** Use `clap`s convenience macro [`crate_authors!`] to
/// automatically set your application's author(s) to the same thing as your
/// crate at compile time.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .author("Me, me@mymain.com")
/// # ;
/// ```
/// [`crate_authors!`]: ./macro.crate_authors!.html
#[must_use]
pub fn author<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, author: S) -> Self {
self.author = Some(author.into());
self
}
/// Sets the program's description for the short help (`-h`).
///
/// If [`Command::long_about`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `--help`.
///
/// **NOTE:** Only `Command::about` (short format) is used in completion
/// script generation in order to be concise.
///
/// See also [`crate_description!`](crate::crate_description!).
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .about("Does really amazing things for great people")
/// # ;
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn about<O: Into<Option<&'help str>>>(mut self, about: O) -> Self {
self.about = about.into();
self
}
/// Sets the program's description for the long help (`--help`).
///
/// If [`Command::about`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `-h`.
///
/// **NOTE:** Only [`Command::about`] (short format) is used in completion
/// script generation in order to be concise.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .long_about(
/// "Does really amazing things to great people. Now let's talk a little
/// more in depth about how this subcommand really works. It may take about
/// a few lines of text, but that's ok!")
/// # ;
/// ```
/// [`App::about`]: Command::about()
#[must_use]
pub fn long_about<O: Into<Option<&'help str>>>(mut self, long_about: O) -> Self {
self.long_about = long_about.into();
self
}
/// Free-form help text for after auto-generated short help (`-h`).
///
/// This is often used to describe how to use the arguments, caveats to be noted, or license
/// and contact information.
///
/// If [`Command::after_long_help`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `--help`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .after_help("Does really amazing things for great people... but be careful with -R!")
/// # ;
/// ```
///
#[must_use]
pub fn after_help<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, help: S) -> Self {
self.after_help = Some(help.into());
self
}
/// Free-form help text for after auto-generated long help (`--help`).
///
/// This is often used to describe how to use the arguments, caveats to be noted, or license
/// and contact information.
///
/// If [`Command::after_help`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `-h`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .after_long_help("Does really amazing things to great people... but be careful with -R, \
/// like, for real, be careful with this!")
/// # ;
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn after_long_help<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, help: S) -> Self {
self.after_long_help = Some(help.into());
self
}
/// Free-form help text for before auto-generated short help (`-h`).
///
/// This is often used for header, copyright, or license information.
///
/// If [`Command::before_long_help`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `--help`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .before_help("Some info I'd like to appear before the help info")
/// # ;
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn before_help<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, help: S) -> Self {
self.before_help = Some(help.into());
self
}
/// Free-form help text for before auto-generated long help (`--help`).
///
/// This is often used for header, copyright, or license information.
///
/// If [`Command::before_help`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `-h`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .before_long_help("Some verbose and long info I'd like to appear before the help info")
/// # ;
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn before_long_help<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, help: S) -> Self {
self.before_long_help = Some(help.into());
self
}
/// Sets the version for the short version (`-V`) and help messages.
///
/// If [`Command::long_version`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `--version`.
///
/// **Pro-tip:** Use `clap`s convenience macro [`crate_version!`] to
/// automatically set your application's version to the same thing as your
/// crate at compile time.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .version("v0.1.24")
/// # ;
/// ```
/// [`crate_version!`]: ./macro.crate_version!.html
#[must_use]
pub fn version<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, ver: S) -> Self {
self.version = Some(ver.into());
self
}
/// Sets the version for the long version (`--version`) and help messages.
///
/// If [`Command::version`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `-V`.
///
/// **Pro-tip:** Use `clap`s convenience macro [`crate_version!`] to
/// automatically set your application's version to the same thing as your
/// crate at compile time.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .long_version(
/// "v0.1.24
/// commit: abcdef89726d
/// revision: 123
/// release: 2
/// binary: myprog")
/// # ;
/// ```
/// [`crate_version!`]: ./macro.crate_version!.html
#[must_use]
pub fn long_version<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, ver: S) -> Self {
self.long_version = Some(ver.into());
self
}
/// Overrides the `clap` generated usage string for help and error messages.
///
/// **NOTE:** Using this setting disables `clap`s "context-aware" usage
/// strings. After this setting is set, this will be *the only* usage string
/// displayed to the user!
///
/// **NOTE:** Multiple usage lines may be present in the usage argument, but
/// some rules need to be followed to ensure the usage lines are formatted
/// correctly by the default help formatter:
///
/// - Do not indent the first usage line.
/// - Indent all subsequent usage lines with four spaces.
/// - The last line must not end with a newline.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .override_usage("myapp [-clDas] <some_file>")
/// # ;
/// ```
///
/// Or for multiple usage lines:
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .override_usage(
/// "myapp -X [-a] [-b] <file>\n \
/// myapp -Y [-c] <file1> <file2>\n \
/// myapp -Z [-d|-e]"
/// )
/// # ;
/// ```
///
/// [`ArgMatches::usage`]: ArgMatches::usage()
#[must_use]
pub fn override_usage<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, usage: S) -> Self {
self.usage_str = Some(usage.into());
self
}
/// Overrides the `clap` generated help message (both `-h` and `--help`).
///
/// This should only be used when the auto-generated message does not suffice.
///
/// **NOTE:** This **only** replaces the help message for the current
/// command, meaning if you are using subcommands, those help messages will
/// still be auto-generated unless you specify a [`Command::override_help`] for
/// them as well.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// Command::new("myapp")
/// .override_help("myapp v1.0\n\
/// Does awesome things\n\
/// (C) me@mail.com\n\n\
///
/// USAGE: myapp <opts> <command>\n\n\
///
/// Options:\n\
/// -h, --help Display this message\n\
/// -V, --version Display version info\n\
/// -s <stuff> Do something with stuff\n\
/// -v Be verbose\n\n\
///
/// Commands:\n\
/// help Print this message\n\
/// work Do some work")
/// # ;
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn override_help<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, help: S) -> Self {
self.help_str = Some(help.into());
self
}
/// Sets the help template to be used, overriding the default format.
///
/// **NOTE:** The template system is by design very simple. Therefore, the
/// tags have to be written in the lowercase and without spacing.
///
/// Tags are given inside curly brackets.
///
/// Valid tags are:
///
/// * `{name}` - Display name for the (sub-)command.
/// * `{bin}` - Binary name.
/// * `{version}` - Version number.
/// * `{author}` - Author information.
/// * `{author-with-newline}` - Author followed by `\n`.
/// * `{author-section}` - Author preceded and followed by `\n`.
/// * `{about}` - General description (from [`Command::about`] or
/// [`Command::long_about`]).
/// * `{about-with-newline}` - About followed by `\n`.
/// * `{about-section}` - About preceded and followed by '\n'.
/// * `{usage-heading}` - Automatically generated usage heading.
/// * `{usage}` - Automatically generated or given usage string.
/// * `{all-args}` - Help for all arguments (options, flags, positional
/// arguments, and subcommands) including titles.
/// * `{options}` - Help for options.
/// * `{positionals}` - Help for positional arguments.
/// * `{subcommands}` - Help for subcommands.
/// * `{after-help}` - Help from [`App::after_help`] or [`Command::after_long_help`].
/// * `{before-help}` - Help from [`App::before_help`] or [`Command::before_long_help`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .version("1.0")
/// .help_template("{bin} ({version}) - {usage}")
/// # ;
/// ```
/// [`App::about`]: Command::about()
/// [`App::long_about`]: Command::long_about()
/// [`App::after_help`]: Command::after_help()
/// [`App::after_long_help`]: Command::after_long_help()
/// [`App::before_help`]: Command::before_help()
/// [`App::before_long_help`]: Command::before_long_help()
#[must_use]
pub fn help_template<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, s: S) -> Self {
self.template = Some(s.into());
self
}
/// Apply a setting for the current command or subcommand.
///
/// See [`Command::global_setting`] to apply a setting to this command and all subcommands.
///
/// See [`AppSettings`] for a full list of possibilities and examples.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, AppSettings};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .setting(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired)
/// .setting(AppSettings::AllowLeadingHyphen)
/// # ;
/// ```
/// or
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, AppSettings};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .setting(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired | AppSettings::AllowLeadingHyphen)
/// # ;
/// ```
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub fn setting<F>(mut self, setting: F) -> Self
where
F: Into<AppFlags>,
{
self.settings.insert(setting.into());
self
}
/// Remove a setting for the current command or subcommand.
///
/// See [`AppSettings`] for a full list of possibilities and examples.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, AppSettings};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .unset_setting(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired)
/// .setting(AppSettings::AllowLeadingHyphen)
/// # ;
/// ```
/// or
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, AppSettings};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .unset_setting(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired | AppSettings::AllowLeadingHyphen)
/// # ;
/// ```
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub fn unset_setting<F>(mut self, setting: F) -> Self
where
F: Into<AppFlags>,
{
self.settings.remove(setting.into());
self
}
/// Apply a setting for the current command and all subcommands.
///
/// See [`Command::setting`] to apply a setting only to this command.
///
/// See [`AppSettings`] for a full list of possibilities and examples.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, AppSettings};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .global_setting(AppSettings::AllowNegativeNumbers)
/// # ;
/// ```
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub fn global_setting(mut self, setting: AppSettings) -> Self {
self.settings.set(setting);
self.g_settings.set(setting);
self
}
/// Remove a setting and stop propagating down to subcommands.
///
/// See [`AppSettings`] for a full list of possibilities and examples.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, AppSettings};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .unset_global_setting(AppSettings::AllowNegativeNumbers)
/// # ;
/// ```
/// [global]: Command::global_setting()
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub fn unset_global_setting(mut self, setting: AppSettings) -> Self {
self.settings.unset(setting);
self.g_settings.unset(setting);
self
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::next_help_heading`]
#[inline]
#[must_use]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.1.0", note = "Replaced with `App::next_help_heading`")
)]
pub fn help_heading<O>(self, heading: O) -> Self
where
O: Into<Option<&'help str>>,
{
self.next_help_heading(heading)
}
/// Set the default section heading for future args.
///
/// This will be used for any arg that hasn't had [`Arg::help_heading`] called.
///
/// This is useful if the default `OPTIONS` or `ARGS` headings are
/// not specific enough for one's use case.
///
/// For subcommands, see [`Command::subcommand_help_heading`]
///
/// [`App::arg`]: Command::arg()
/// [`Arg::help_heading`]: crate::Arg::help_heading()
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub fn next_help_heading<O>(mut self, heading: O) -> Self
where
O: Into<Option<&'help str>>,
{
self.current_help_heading = heading.into();
self
}
/// Change the starting value for assigning future display orders for ags.
///
/// This will be used for any arg that hasn't had [`Arg::display_order`] called.
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub fn next_display_order(mut self, disp_ord: impl Into<Option<usize>>) -> Self {
self.current_disp_ord = disp_ord.into();
self
}
/// Replaces an argument or subcommand used on the CLI at runtime with other arguments or subcommands.
///
/// **Note:** This is gated behind [`unstable-replace`](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/issues/2836)
///
/// When this method is used, `name` is removed from the CLI, and `target`
/// is inserted in its place. Parsing continues as if the user typed
/// `target` instead of `name`.
///
/// This can be used to create "shortcuts" for subcommands, or if a
/// particular argument has the semantic meaning of several other specific
/// arguments and values.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// We'll start with the "subcommand short" example. In this example, let's
/// assume we have a program with a subcommand `module` which can be invoked
/// via `cmd module`. Now let's also assume `module` also has a subcommand
/// called `install` which can be invoked `cmd module install`. If for some
/// reason users needed to be able to reach `cmd module install` via the
/// short-hand `cmd install`, we'd have several options.
///
/// We *could* create another sibling subcommand to `module` called
/// `install`, but then we would need to manage another subcommand and manually
/// dispatch to `cmd module install` handling code. This is error prone and
/// tedious.
///
/// We could instead use [`Command::replace`] so that, when the user types `cmd
/// install`, `clap` will replace `install` with `module install` which will
/// end up getting parsed as if the user typed the entire incantation.
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::Command;
/// let m = Command::new("cmd")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("module")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("install")))
/// .replace("install", &["module", "install"])
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["cmd", "install"]);
///
/// assert!(m.subcommand_matches("module").is_some());
/// assert!(m.subcommand_matches("module").unwrap().subcommand_matches("install").is_some());
/// ```
///
/// Now let's show an argument example!
///
/// Let's assume we have an application with two flags `--save-context` and
/// `--save-runtime`. But often users end up needing to do *both* at the
/// same time. We can add a third flag `--save-all` which semantically means
/// the same thing as `cmd --save-context --save-runtime`. To implement that,
/// we have several options.
///
/// We could create this third argument and manually check if that argument
/// and in our own consumer code handle the fact that both `--save-context`
/// and `--save-runtime` *should* have been used. But again this is error
/// prone and tedious. If we had code relying on checking `--save-context`
/// and we forgot to update that code to *also* check `--save-all` it'd mean
/// an error!
///
/// Luckily we can use [`Command::replace`] so that when the user types
/// `--save-all`, `clap` will replace that argument with `--save-context
/// --save-runtime`, and parsing will continue like normal. Now all our code
/// that was originally checking for things like `--save-context` doesn't
/// need to change!
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ArgAction};
/// let m = Command::new("cmd")
/// .arg(Arg::new("save-context")
/// .long("save-context")
/// .action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
/// .arg(Arg::new("save-runtime")
/// .long("save-runtime")
/// .action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
/// .replace("--save-all", &["--save-context", "--save-runtime"])
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["cmd", "--save-all"]);
///
/// assert!(*m.get_one::<bool>("save-context").expect("defaulted by clap"));
/// assert!(*m.get_one::<bool>("save-runtime").expect("defaulted by clap"));
/// ```
///
/// This can also be used with options, for example if our application with
/// `--save-*` above also had a `--format=TYPE` option. Let's say it
/// accepted `txt` or `json` values. However, when `--save-all` is used,
/// only `--format=json` is allowed, or valid. We could change the example
/// above to enforce this:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ArgAction};
/// let m = Command::new("cmd")
/// .arg(Arg::new("save-context")
/// .long("save-context")
/// .action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
/// .arg(Arg::new("save-runtime")
/// .long("save-runtime")
/// .action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
/// .arg(Arg::new("format")
/// .long("format")
/// .takes_value(true)
/// .value_parser(["txt", "json"]))
/// .replace("--save-all", &["--save-context", "--save-runtime", "--format=json"])
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["cmd", "--save-all"]);
///
/// assert!(*m.get_one::<bool>("save-context").expect("defaulted by clap"));
/// assert!(*m.get_one::<bool>("save-runtime").expect("defaulted by clap"));
/// assert_eq!(m.value_of("format"), Some("json"));
/// ```
///
/// [`App::replace`]: Command::replace()
#[inline]
#[cfg(feature = "unstable-replace")]
#[must_use]
pub fn replace(mut self, name: &'help str, target: &'help [&'help str]) -> Self {
self.replacers.insert(name, target);
self
}
/// Exit gracefully if no arguments are present (e.g. `$ myprog`).
///
/// **NOTE:** [`subcommands`] count as arguments
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .arg_required_else_help(true);
/// ```
///
/// [`subcommands`]: crate::Command::subcommand()
/// [`Arg::default_value`]: crate::Arg::default_value()
#[inline]
pub fn arg_required_else_help(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.setting(AppSettings::ArgRequiredElseHelp)
} else {
self.unset_setting(AppSettings::ArgRequiredElseHelp)
}
}
/// Specifies that leading hyphens are allowed in all argument *values* (e.g. `-10`).
///
/// Otherwise they will be parsed as another flag or option. See also
/// [`Command::allow_negative_numbers`].
///
/// **NOTE:** Use this setting with caution as it silences certain circumstances which would
/// otherwise be an error (such as accidentally forgetting to specify a value for leading
/// option). It is preferred to set this on a per argument basis, via [`Arg::allow_hyphen_values`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Arg, Command};
/// // Imagine you needed to represent negative numbers as well, such as -10
/// let m = Command::new("nums")
/// .allow_hyphen_values(true)
/// .arg(Arg::new("neg"))
/// .get_matches_from(vec![
/// "nums", "-20"
/// ]);
///
/// assert_eq!(m.value_of("neg"), Some("-20"));
/// # ;
/// ```
/// [`Arg::allow_hyphen_values`]: crate::Arg::allow_hyphen_values()
#[inline]
pub fn allow_hyphen_values(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.setting(AppSettings::AllowHyphenValues)
} else {
self.unset_setting(AppSettings::AllowHyphenValues)
}
}
/// Allows negative numbers to pass as values.
///
/// This is similar to [`Command::allow_hyphen_values`] except that it only allows numbers,
/// all other undefined leading hyphens will fail to parse.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// let res = Command::new("myprog")
/// .allow_negative_numbers(true)
/// .arg(Arg::new("num"))
/// .try_get_matches_from(vec![
/// "myprog", "-20"
/// ]);
/// assert!(res.is_ok());
/// let m = res.unwrap();
/// assert_eq!(m.value_of("num").unwrap(), "-20");
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn allow_negative_numbers(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.setting(AppSettings::AllowNegativeNumbers)
} else {
self.unset_setting(AppSettings::AllowNegativeNumbers)
}
}
/// Specifies that the final positional argument is a "VarArg" and that `clap` should not
/// attempt to parse any further args.
///
/// The values of the trailing positional argument will contain all args from itself on.
///
/// **NOTE:** The final positional argument **must** have [`Arg::multiple_values(true)`] or the usage
/// string equivalent.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, arg};
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .trailing_var_arg(true)
/// .arg(arg!(<cmd> ... "commands to run"))
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "arg1", "-r", "val1"]);
///
/// let trail: Vec<&str> = m.values_of("cmd").unwrap().collect();
/// assert_eq!(trail, ["arg1", "-r", "val1"]);
/// ```
/// [`Arg::multiple_values(true)`]: crate::Arg::multiple_values()
pub fn trailing_var_arg(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.setting(AppSettings::TrailingVarArg)
} else {
self.unset_setting(AppSettings::TrailingVarArg)
}
}
/// Allows one to implement two styles of CLIs where positionals can be used out of order.
///
/// The first example is a CLI where the second to last positional argument is optional, but
/// the final positional argument is required. Such as `$ prog [optional] <required>` where one
/// of the two following usages is allowed:
///
/// * `$ prog [optional] <required>`
/// * `$ prog <required>`
///
/// This would otherwise not be allowed. This is useful when `[optional]` has a default value.
///
/// **Note:** when using this style of "missing positionals" the final positional *must* be
/// [required] if `--` will not be used to skip to the final positional argument.
///
/// **Note:** This style also only allows a single positional argument to be "skipped" without
/// the use of `--`. To skip more than one, see the second example.
///
/// The second example is when one wants to skip multiple optional positional arguments, and use
/// of the `--` operator is OK (but not required if all arguments will be specified anyways).
///
/// For example, imagine a CLI which has three positional arguments `[foo] [bar] [baz]...` where
/// `baz` accepts multiple values (similar to man `ARGS...` style training arguments).
///
/// With this setting the following invocations are posisble:
///
/// * `$ prog foo bar baz1 baz2 baz3`
/// * `$ prog foo -- baz1 baz2 baz3`
/// * `$ prog -- baz1 baz2 baz3`
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Style number one from above:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// // Assume there is an external subcommand named "subcmd"
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .allow_missing_positional(true)
/// .arg(Arg::new("arg1"))
/// .arg(Arg::new("arg2")
/// .required(true))
/// .get_matches_from(vec![
/// "prog", "other"
/// ]);
///
/// assert_eq!(m.value_of("arg1"), None);
/// assert_eq!(m.value_of("arg2"), Some("other"));
/// ```
///
/// Now the same example, but using a default value for the first optional positional argument
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// // Assume there is an external subcommand named "subcmd"
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .allow_missing_positional(true)
/// .arg(Arg::new("arg1")
/// .default_value("something"))
/// .arg(Arg::new("arg2")
/// .required(true))
/// .get_matches_from(vec![
/// "prog", "other"
/// ]);
///
/// assert_eq!(m.value_of("arg1"), Some("something"));
/// assert_eq!(m.value_of("arg2"), Some("other"));
/// ```
///
/// Style number two from above:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// // Assume there is an external subcommand named "subcmd"
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .allow_missing_positional(true)
/// .arg(Arg::new("foo"))
/// .arg(Arg::new("bar"))
/// .arg(Arg::new("baz").takes_value(true).multiple_values(true))
/// .get_matches_from(vec![
/// "prog", "foo", "bar", "baz1", "baz2", "baz3"
/// ]);
///
/// assert_eq!(m.value_of("foo"), Some("foo"));
/// assert_eq!(m.value_of("bar"), Some("bar"));
/// assert_eq!(m.values_of("baz").unwrap().collect::<Vec<_>>(), &["baz1", "baz2", "baz3"]);
/// ```
///
/// Now nofice if we don't specify `foo` or `baz` but use the `--` operator.
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// // Assume there is an external subcommand named "subcmd"
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .allow_missing_positional(true)
/// .arg(Arg::new("foo"))
/// .arg(Arg::new("bar"))
/// .arg(Arg::new("baz").takes_value(true).multiple_values(true))
/// .get_matches_from(vec![
/// "prog", "--", "baz1", "baz2", "baz3"
/// ]);
///
/// assert_eq!(m.value_of("foo"), None);
/// assert_eq!(m.value_of("bar"), None);
/// assert_eq!(m.values_of("baz").unwrap().collect::<Vec<_>>(), &["baz1", "baz2", "baz3"]);
/// ```
///
/// [required]: crate::Arg::required()
#[inline]
pub fn allow_missing_positional(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.setting(AppSettings::AllowMissingPositional)
} else {
self.unset_setting(AppSettings::AllowMissingPositional)
}
}
}
/// # Subcommand-specific Settings
impl<'help> App<'help> {
/// Sets the short version of the subcommand flag without the preceding `-`.
///
/// Allows the subcommand to be used as if it were an [`Arg::short`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ArgAction};
/// let matches = Command::new("pacman")
/// .subcommand(
/// Command::new("sync").short_flag('S').arg(
/// Arg::new("search")
/// .short('s')
/// .long("search")
/// .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
/// .help("search remote repositories for matching strings"),
/// ),
/// )
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["pacman", "-Ss"]);
///
/// assert_eq!(matches.subcommand_name().unwrap(), "sync");
/// let sync_matches = matches.subcommand_matches("sync").unwrap();
/// assert!(*sync_matches.get_one::<bool>("search").expect("defaulted by clap"));
/// ```
/// [`Arg::short`]: Arg::short()
#[must_use]
pub fn short_flag(mut self, short: char) -> Self {
self.short_flag = Some(short);
self
}
/// Sets the long version of the subcommand flag without the preceding `--`.
///
/// Allows the subcommand to be used as if it were an [`Arg::long`].
///
/// **NOTE:** Any leading `-` characters will be stripped.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// To set `long_flag` use a word containing valid UTF-8 codepoints. If you supply a double leading
/// `--` such as `--sync` they will be stripped. Hyphens in the middle of the word; however,
/// will *not* be stripped (i.e. `sync-file` is allowed).
///
/// ```
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ArgAction};
/// let matches = Command::new("pacman")
/// .subcommand(
/// Command::new("sync").long_flag("sync").arg(
/// Arg::new("search")
/// .short('s')
/// .long("search")
/// .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
/// .help("search remote repositories for matching strings"),
/// ),
/// )
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["pacman", "--sync", "--search"]);
///
/// assert_eq!(matches.subcommand_name().unwrap(), "sync");
/// let sync_matches = matches.subcommand_matches("sync").unwrap();
/// assert!(*sync_matches.get_one::<bool>("search").expect("defaulted by clap"));
/// ```
///
/// [`Arg::long`]: Arg::long()
#[must_use]
pub fn long_flag(mut self, long: &'help str) -> Self {
#[cfg(feature = "unstable-v4")]
{
self.long_flag = Some(long);
}
#[cfg(not(feature = "unstable-v4"))]
{
self.long_flag = Some(long.trim_start_matches(|c| c == '-'));
}
self
}
/// Sets a hidden alias to this subcommand.
///
/// This allows the subcommand to be accessed via *either* the original name, or this given
/// alias. This is more efficient and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one
/// only needs to check for the existence of this command, and not all aliased variants.
///
/// **NOTE:** Aliases defined with this method are *hidden* from the help
/// message. If you're looking for aliases that will be displayed in the help
/// message, see [`Command::visible_alias`].
///
/// **NOTE:** When using aliases and checking for the existence of a
/// particular subcommand within an [`ArgMatches`] struct, one only needs to
/// search for the original name and not all aliases.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, };
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test")
/// .alias("do-stuff"))
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "do-stuff"]);
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test"));
/// ```
/// [`App::visible_alias`]: Command::visible_alias()
#[must_use]
pub fn alias<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, name: S) -> Self {
self.aliases.push((name.into(), false));
self
}
/// Add an alias, which functions as "hidden" short flag subcommand
///
/// This will automatically dispatch as if this subcommand was used. This is more efficient,
/// and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for the
/// existence of this command, and not all variants.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, };
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test").short_flag('t')
/// .short_flag_alias('d'))
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-d"]);
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test"));
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn short_flag_alias(mut self, name: char) -> Self {
assert!(name != '-', "short alias name cannot be `-`");
self.short_flag_aliases.push((name, false));
self
}
/// Add an alias, which functions as a "hidden" long flag subcommand.
///
/// This will automatically dispatch as if this subcommand was used. This is more efficient,
/// and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for the
/// existence of this command, and not all variants.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, };
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test").long_flag("test")
/// .long_flag_alias("testing"))
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "--testing"]);
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test"));
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn long_flag_alias(mut self, name: &'help str) -> Self {
self.long_flag_aliases.push((name, false));
self
}
/// Sets multiple hidden aliases to this subcommand.
///
/// This allows the subcommand to be accessed via *either* the original name or any of the
/// given aliases. This is more efficient, and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands
/// as one only needs to check for the existence of this command and not all aliased variants.
///
/// **NOTE:** Aliases defined with this method are *hidden* from the help
/// message. If looking for aliases that will be displayed in the help
/// message, see [`Command::visible_aliases`].
///
/// **NOTE:** When using aliases and checking for the existence of a
/// particular subcommand within an [`ArgMatches`] struct, one only needs to
/// search for the original name and not all aliases.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test")
/// .aliases(&["do-stuff", "do-tests", "tests"]))
/// .arg(Arg::new("input")
/// .help("the file to add")
/// .required(false))
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "do-tests"]);
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test"));
/// ```
/// [`App::visible_aliases`]: Command::visible_aliases()
#[must_use]
pub fn aliases(mut self, names: &[&'help str]) -> Self {
self.aliases.extend(names.iter().map(|n| (*n, false)));
self
}
/// Add aliases, which function as "hidden" short flag subcommands.
///
/// These will automatically dispatch as if this subcommand was used. This is more efficient,
/// and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for the
/// existence of this command, and not all variants.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, };
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test").short_flag('t')
/// .short_flag_aliases(&['a', 'b', 'c']))
/// .arg(Arg::new("input")
/// .help("the file to add")
/// .required(false))
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-a"]);
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test"));
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn short_flag_aliases(mut self, names: &[char]) -> Self {
for s in names {
assert!(s != &'-', "short alias name cannot be `-`");
self.short_flag_aliases.push((*s, false));
}
self
}
/// Add aliases, which function as "hidden" long flag subcommands.
///
/// These will automatically dispatch as if this subcommand was used. This is more efficient,
/// and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for the
/// existence of this command, and not all variants.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, };
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test").long_flag("test")
/// .long_flag_aliases(&["testing", "testall", "test_all"]))
/// .arg(Arg::new("input")
/// .help("the file to add")
/// .required(false))
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "--testing"]);
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test"));
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn long_flag_aliases(mut self, names: &[&'help str]) -> Self {
for s in names {
self.long_flag_aliases.push((s, false));
}
self
}
/// Sets a visible alias to this subcommand.
///
/// This allows the subcommand to be accessed via *either* the
/// original name or the given alias. This is more efficient and easier
/// than creating hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for
/// the existence of this command and not all aliased variants.
///
/// **NOTE:** The alias defined with this method is *visible* from the help
/// message and displayed as if it were just another regular subcommand. If
/// looking for an alias that will not be displayed in the help message, see
/// [`Command::alias`].
///
/// **NOTE:** When using aliases and checking for the existence of a
/// particular subcommand within an [`ArgMatches`] struct, one only needs to
/// search for the original name and not all aliases.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test")
/// .visible_alias("do-stuff"))
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "do-stuff"]);
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test"));
/// ```
/// [`App::alias`]: Command::alias()
#[must_use]
pub fn visible_alias<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, name: S) -> Self {
self.aliases.push((name.into(), true));
self
}
/// Add an alias, which functions as "visible" short flag subcommand
///
/// This will automatically dispatch as if this subcommand was used. This is more efficient,
/// and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for the
/// existence of this command, and not all variants.
///
/// See also [`Command::short_flag_alias`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, };
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test").short_flag('t')
/// .visible_short_flag_alias('d'))
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-d"]);
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test"));
/// ```
/// [`App::short_flag_alias`]: Command::short_flag_alias()
#[must_use]
pub fn visible_short_flag_alias(mut self, name: char) -> Self {
assert!(name != '-', "short alias name cannot be `-`");
self.short_flag_aliases.push((name, true));
self
}
/// Add an alias, which functions as a "visible" long flag subcommand.
///
/// This will automatically dispatch as if this subcommand was used. This is more efficient,
/// and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for the
/// existence of this command, and not all variants.
///
/// See also [`Command::long_flag_alias`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, };
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test").long_flag("test")
/// .visible_long_flag_alias("testing"))
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "--testing"]);
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test"));
/// ```
/// [`App::long_flag_alias`]: Command::long_flag_alias()
#[must_use]
pub fn visible_long_flag_alias(mut self, name: &'help str) -> Self {
self.long_flag_aliases.push((name, true));
self
}
/// Sets multiple visible aliases to this subcommand.
///
/// This allows the subcommand to be accessed via *either* the
/// original name or any of the given aliases. This is more efficient and easier
/// than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for
/// the existence of this command and not all aliased variants.
///
/// **NOTE:** The alias defined with this method is *visible* from the help
/// message and displayed as if it were just another regular subcommand. If
/// looking for an alias that will not be displayed in the help message, see
/// [`Command::alias`].
///
/// **NOTE:** When using aliases, and checking for the existence of a
/// particular subcommand within an [`ArgMatches`] struct, one only needs to
/// search for the original name and not all aliases.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, };
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test")
/// .visible_aliases(&["do-stuff", "tests"]))
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "do-stuff"]);
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test"));
/// ```
/// [`App::alias`]: Command::alias()
#[must_use]
pub fn visible_aliases(mut self, names: &[&'help str]) -> Self {
self.aliases.extend(names.iter().map(|n| (*n, true)));
self
}
/// Add aliases, which function as *visible* short flag subcommands.
///
/// See [`Command::short_flag_aliases`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, };
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test").short_flag('b')
/// .visible_short_flag_aliases(&['t']))
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-t"]);
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test"));
/// ```
/// [`App::short_flag_aliases`]: Command::short_flag_aliases()
#[must_use]
pub fn visible_short_flag_aliases(mut self, names: &[char]) -> Self {
for s in names {
assert!(s != &'-', "short alias name cannot be `-`");
self.short_flag_aliases.push((*s, true));
}
self
}
/// Add aliases, which function as *visible* long flag subcommands.
///
/// See [`Command::long_flag_aliases`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, };
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test").long_flag("test")
/// .visible_long_flag_aliases(&["testing", "testall", "test_all"]))
/// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "--testing"]);
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test"));
/// ```
/// [`App::long_flag_aliases`]: Command::long_flag_aliases()
#[must_use]
pub fn visible_long_flag_aliases(mut self, names: &[&'help str]) -> Self {
for s in names {
self.long_flag_aliases.push((s, true));
}
self
}
/// Set the placement of this subcommand within the help.
///
/// Subcommands with a lower value will be displayed first in the help message. Subcommands
/// with duplicate display orders will be displayed in alphabetical order.
///
/// This is helpful when one would like to emphasize frequently used subcommands, or prioritize
/// those towards the top of the list.
///
/// **NOTE:** The default is 999 for all subcommands.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, };
/// let m = Command::new("cust-ord")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("alpha") // typically subcommands are grouped
/// // alphabetically by name. Subcommands
/// // without a display_order have a value of
/// // 999 and are displayed alphabetically with
/// // all other 999 subcommands
/// .about("Some help and text"))
/// .subcommand(Command::new("beta")
/// .display_order(1) // In order to force this subcommand to appear *first*
/// // all we have to do is give it a value lower than 999.
/// // Any other subcommands with a value of 1 will be displayed
/// // alphabetically with this one...then 2 values, then 3, etc.
/// .about("I should be first!"))
/// .get_matches_from(vec![
/// "cust-ord", "--help"
/// ]);
/// ```
///
/// The above example displays the following help message
///
/// ```text
/// cust-ord
///
/// USAGE:
/// cust-ord [OPTIONS]
///
/// OPTIONS:
/// -h, --help Print help information
/// -V, --version Print version information
///
/// SUBCOMMANDS:
/// beta I should be first!
/// alpha Some help and text
/// ```
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub fn display_order(mut self, ord: usize) -> Self {
self.disp_ord = Some(ord);
self
}
/// Specifies that this [`subcommand`] should be hidden from help messages
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(
/// Command::new("test").hide(true)
/// )
/// # ;
/// ```
///
/// [`subcommand`]: crate::Command::subcommand()
#[inline]
pub fn hide(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.setting(AppSettings::Hidden)
} else {
self.unset_setting(AppSettings::Hidden)
}
}
/// If no [`subcommand`] is present at runtime, error and exit gracefully.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, ErrorKind};
/// let err = Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand_required(true)
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test"))
/// .try_get_matches_from(vec![
/// "myprog",
/// ]);
/// assert!(err.is_err());
/// assert_eq!(err.unwrap_err().kind(), ErrorKind::MissingSubcommand);
/// # ;
/// ```
///
/// [`subcommand`]: crate::Command::subcommand()
pub fn subcommand_required(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.setting(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired)
} else {
self.unset_setting(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired)
}
}
/// Assume unexpected positional arguments are a [`subcommand`].
///
/// Arguments will be stored in the `""` argument in the [`ArgMatches`]
///
/// **NOTE:** Use this setting with caution,
/// as a truly unexpected argument (i.e. one that is *NOT* an external subcommand)
/// will **not** cause an error and instead be treated as a potential subcommand.
/// One should check for such cases manually and inform the user appropriately.
///
/// **NOTE:** A built-in subcommand will be parsed as an external subcommand when escaped with
/// `--`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::Command;
/// // Assume there is an external subcommand named "subcmd"
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .allow_external_subcommands(true)
/// .get_matches_from(vec![
/// "myprog", "subcmd", "--option", "value", "-fff", "--flag"
/// ]);
///
/// // All trailing arguments will be stored under the subcommand's sub-matches using an empty
/// // string argument name
/// match m.subcommand() {
/// Some((external, ext_m)) => {
/// let ext_args: Vec<&str> = ext_m.values_of("").unwrap().collect();
/// assert_eq!(external, "subcmd");
/// assert_eq!(ext_args, ["--option", "value", "-fff", "--flag"]);
/// },
/// _ => {},
/// }
/// ```
///
/// [`subcommand`]: crate::Command::subcommand()
/// [`ArgMatches`]: crate::ArgMatches
/// [`ErrorKind::UnknownArgument`]: crate::ErrorKind::UnknownArgument
pub fn allow_external_subcommands(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.setting(AppSettings::AllowExternalSubcommands)
} else {
self.unset_setting(AppSettings::AllowExternalSubcommands)
}
}
/// Specifies that external subcommands that are invalid UTF-8 should *not* be treated as an error.
///
/// **NOTE:** Using external subcommand argument values with invalid UTF-8 requires using
/// [`ArgMatches::values_of_os`] or [`ArgMatches::values_of_lossy`] for those particular
/// arguments which may contain invalid UTF-8 values
///
/// **NOTE:** Setting this requires [`Command::allow_external_subcommands`]
///
/// # Platform Specific
///
/// Non Windows systems only
///
/// # Examples
///
#[cfg_attr(not(unix), doc = " ```ignore")]
#[cfg_attr(unix, doc = " ```")]
/// # use clap::Command;
/// // Assume there is an external subcommand named "subcmd"
/// let m = Command::new("myprog")
/// .allow_invalid_utf8_for_external_subcommands(true)
/// .allow_external_subcommands(true)
/// .get_matches_from(vec![
/// "myprog", "subcmd", "--option", "value", "-fff", "--flag"
/// ]);
///
/// // All trailing arguments will be stored under the subcommand's sub-matches using an empty
/// // string argument name
/// match m.subcommand() {
/// Some((external, ext_m)) => {
/// let ext_args: Vec<&std::ffi::OsStr> = ext_m.values_of_os("").unwrap().collect();
/// assert_eq!(external, "subcmd");
/// assert_eq!(ext_args, ["--option", "value", "-fff", "--flag"]);
/// },
/// _ => {},
/// }
/// ```
///
/// [`ArgMatches::values_of_os`]: crate::ArgMatches::values_of_os()
/// [`ArgMatches::values_of_lossy`]: crate::ArgMatches::values_of_lossy()
/// [`subcommands`]: crate::Command::subcommand()
pub fn allow_invalid_utf8_for_external_subcommands(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.setting(AppSettings::AllowInvalidUtf8ForExternalSubcommands)
} else {
self.unset_setting(AppSettings::AllowInvalidUtf8ForExternalSubcommands)
}
}
/// Specifies that use of an argument prevents the use of [`subcommands`].
///
/// By default `clap` allows arguments between subcommands such
/// as `<cmd> [cmd_args] <subcmd> [subcmd_args] <subsubcmd> [subsubcmd_args]`.
///
/// This setting disables that functionality and says that arguments can
/// only follow the *final* subcommand. For instance using this setting
/// makes only the following invocations possible:
///
/// * `<cmd> <subcmd> <subsubcmd> [subsubcmd_args]`
/// * `<cmd> <subcmd> [subcmd_args]`
/// * `<cmd> [cmd_args]`
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::Command;
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .args_conflicts_with_subcommands(true);
/// ```
///
/// [`subcommands`]: crate::Command::subcommand()
pub fn args_conflicts_with_subcommands(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.setting(AppSettings::ArgsNegateSubcommands)
} else {
self.unset_setting(AppSettings::ArgsNegateSubcommands)
}
}
/// Prevent subcommands from being consumed as an arguments value.
///
/// By default, if an option taking multiple values is followed by a subcommand, the
/// subcommand will be parsed as another value.
///
/// ```text
/// cmd --foo val1 val2 subcommand
/// --------- ----------
/// values another value
/// ```
///
/// This setting instructs the parser to stop when encountering a subcommand instead of
/// greedily consuming arguments.
///
/// ```text
/// cmd --foo val1 val2 subcommand
/// --------- ----------
/// values subcommand
/// ```
///
/// **Note:** Make sure you apply it as `global_setting` if you want this setting
/// to be propagated to subcommands and sub-subcommands!
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// let cmd = Command::new("cmd").subcommand(Command::new("sub")).arg(
/// Arg::new("arg")
/// .long("arg")
/// .multiple_values(true)
/// .takes_value(true),
/// );
///
/// let matches = cmd
/// .clone()
/// .try_get_matches_from(&["cmd", "--arg", "1", "2", "3", "sub"])
/// .unwrap();
/// assert_eq!(
/// matches.values_of("arg").unwrap().collect::<Vec<_>>(),
/// &["1", "2", "3", "sub"]
/// );
/// assert!(matches.subcommand_matches("sub").is_none());
///
/// let matches = cmd
/// .subcommand_precedence_over_arg(true)
/// .try_get_matches_from(&["cmd", "--arg", "1", "2", "3", "sub"])
/// .unwrap();
/// assert_eq!(
/// matches.values_of("arg").unwrap().collect::<Vec<_>>(),
/// &["1", "2", "3"]
/// );
/// assert!(matches.subcommand_matches("sub").is_some());
/// ```
pub fn subcommand_precedence_over_arg(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.setting(AppSettings::SubcommandPrecedenceOverArg)
} else {
self.unset_setting(AppSettings::SubcommandPrecedenceOverArg)
}
}
/// Allows [`subcommands`] to override all requirements of the parent command.
///
/// For example, if you had a subcommand or top level application with a required argument
/// that is only required as long as there is no subcommand present,
/// using this setting would allow you to set those arguments to [`Arg::required(true)`]
/// and yet receive no error so long as the user uses a valid subcommand instead.
///
/// **NOTE:** This defaults to false (using subcommand does *not* negate requirements)
///
/// # Examples
///
/// This first example shows that it is an error to not use a required argument
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ErrorKind};
/// let err = Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand_negates_reqs(true)
/// .arg(Arg::new("opt").required(true))
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test"))
/// .try_get_matches_from(vec![
/// "myprog"
/// ]);
/// assert!(err.is_err());
/// assert_eq!(err.unwrap_err().kind(), ErrorKind::MissingRequiredArgument);
/// # ;
/// ```
///
/// This next example shows that it is no longer error to not use a required argument if a
/// valid subcommand is used.
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ErrorKind};
/// let noerr = Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand_negates_reqs(true)
/// .arg(Arg::new("opt").required(true))
/// .subcommand(Command::new("test"))
/// .try_get_matches_from(vec![
/// "myprog", "test"
/// ]);
/// assert!(noerr.is_ok());
/// # ;
/// ```
///
/// [`Arg::required(true)`]: crate::Arg::required()
/// [`subcommands`]: crate::Command::subcommand()
pub fn subcommand_negates_reqs(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.setting(AppSettings::SubcommandsNegateReqs)
} else {
self.unset_setting(AppSettings::SubcommandsNegateReqs)
}
}
/// Multiple-personality program dispatched on the binary name (`argv[0]`)
///
/// A "multicall" executable is a single executable
/// that contains a variety of applets,
/// and decides which applet to run based on the name of the file.
/// The executable can be called from different names by creating hard links
/// or symbolic links to it.
///
/// This is desirable for:
/// - Easy distribution, a single binary that can install hardlinks to access the different
/// personalities.
/// - Minimal binary size by sharing common code (e.g. standard library, clap)
/// - Custom shells or REPLs where there isn't a single top-level command
///
/// Setting `multicall` will cause
/// - `argv[0]` to be stripped to the base name and parsed as the first argument, as if
/// [`Command::no_binary_name`][App::no_binary_name] was set.
/// - Help and errors to report subcommands as if they were the top-level command
///
/// When the subcommand is not present, there are several strategies you may employ, depending
/// on your needs:
/// - Let the error percolate up normally
/// - Print a specialized error message using the
/// [`Error::context`][crate::Error::context]
/// - Print the [help][App::write_help] but this might be ambiguous
/// - Disable `multicall` and re-parse it
/// - Disable `multicall` and re-parse it with a specific subcommand
///
/// When detecting the error condition, the [`ErrorKind`] isn't sufficient as a sub-subcommand
/// might report the same error. Enable
/// [`allow_external_subcommands`][App::allow_external_subcommands] if you want to specifically
/// get the unrecognized binary name.
///
/// **NOTE:** Multicall can't be used with [`no_binary_name`] since they interpret
/// the command name in incompatible ways.
///
/// **NOTE:** The multicall command cannot have arguments.
///
/// **NOTE:** Applets are slightly semantically different from subcommands,
/// so it's recommended to use [`Command::subcommand_help_heading`] and
/// [`Command::subcommand_value_name`] to change the descriptive text as above.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// `hostname` is an example of a multicall executable.
/// Both `hostname` and `dnsdomainname` are provided by the same executable
/// and which behaviour to use is based on the executable file name.
///
/// This is desirable when the executable has a primary purpose
/// but there is related functionality that would be convenient to provide
/// and implement it to be in the same executable.
///
/// The name of the cmd is essentially unused
/// and may be the same as the name of a subcommand.
///
/// The names of the immediate subcommands of the Command
/// are matched against the basename of the first argument,
/// which is conventionally the path of the executable.
///
/// This does not allow the subcommand to be passed as the first non-path argument.
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::{Command, ErrorKind};
/// let mut cmd = Command::new("hostname")
/// .multicall(true)
/// .subcommand(Command::new("hostname"))
/// .subcommand(Command::new("dnsdomainname"));
/// let m = cmd.try_get_matches_from_mut(&["/usr/bin/hostname", "dnsdomainname"]);
/// assert!(m.is_err());
/// assert_eq!(m.unwrap_err().kind(), ErrorKind::UnknownArgument);
/// let m = cmd.get_matches_from(&["/usr/bin/dnsdomainname"]);
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("dnsdomainname"));
/// ```
///
/// Busybox is another common example of a multicall executable
/// with a subcommmand for each applet that can be run directly,
/// e.g. with the `cat` applet being run by running `busybox cat`,
/// or with `cat` as a link to the `busybox` binary.
///
/// This is desirable when the launcher program has additional options
/// or it is useful to run the applet without installing a symlink
/// e.g. to test the applet without installing it
/// or there may already be a command of that name installed.
///
/// To make an applet usable as both a multicall link and a subcommand
/// the subcommands must be defined both in the top-level Command
/// and as subcommands of the "main" applet.
///
/// ```rust
/// # use clap::Command;
/// fn applet_commands() -> [Command<'static>; 2] {
/// [Command::new("true"), Command::new("false")]
/// }
/// let mut cmd = Command::new("busybox")
/// .multicall(true)
/// .subcommand(
/// Command::new("busybox")
/// .subcommand_value_name("APPLET")
/// .subcommand_help_heading("APPLETS")
/// .subcommands(applet_commands()),
/// )
/// .subcommands(applet_commands());
/// // When called from the executable's canonical name
/// // its applets can be matched as subcommands.
/// let m = cmd.try_get_matches_from_mut(&["/usr/bin/busybox", "true"]).unwrap();
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("busybox"));
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand().unwrap().1.subcommand_name(), Some("true"));
/// // When called from a link named after an applet that applet is matched.
/// let m = cmd.get_matches_from(&["/usr/bin/true"]);
/// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("true"));
/// ```
///
/// [`no_binary_name`]: crate::Command::no_binary_name
/// [`App::subcommand_value_name`]: crate::Command::subcommand_value_name
/// [`App::subcommand_help_heading`]: crate::Command::subcommand_help_heading
#[inline]
pub fn multicall(self, yes: bool) -> Self {
if yes {
self.setting(AppSettings::Multicall)
} else {
self.unset_setting(AppSettings::Multicall)
}
}
/// Sets the value name used for subcommands when printing usage and help.
///
/// By default, this is "SUBCOMMAND".
///
/// See also [`Command::subcommand_help_heading`]
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("sub1"))
/// .print_help()
/// # ;
/// ```
///
/// will produce
///
/// ```text
/// myprog
///
/// USAGE:
/// myprog [SUBCOMMAND]
///
/// OPTIONS:
/// -h, --help Print help information
/// -V, --version Print version information
///
/// SUBCOMMANDS:
/// help Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s)
/// sub1
/// ```
///
/// but usage of `subcommand_value_name`
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("sub1"))
/// .subcommand_value_name("THING")
/// .print_help()
/// # ;
/// ```
///
/// will produce
///
/// ```text
/// myprog
///
/// USAGE:
/// myprog [THING]
///
/// OPTIONS:
/// -h, --help Print help information
/// -V, --version Print version information
///
/// SUBCOMMANDS:
/// help Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s)
/// sub1
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn subcommand_value_name<S>(mut self, value_name: S) -> Self
where
S: Into<&'help str>,
{
self.subcommand_value_name = Some(value_name.into());
self
}
/// Sets the help heading used for subcommands when printing usage and help.
///
/// By default, this is "SUBCOMMANDS".
///
/// See also [`Command::subcommand_value_name`]
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("sub1"))
/// .print_help()
/// # ;
/// ```
///
/// will produce
///
/// ```text
/// myprog
///
/// USAGE:
/// myprog [SUBCOMMAND]
///
/// OPTIONS:
/// -h, --help Print help information
/// -V, --version Print version information
///
/// SUBCOMMANDS:
/// help Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s)
/// sub1
/// ```
///
/// but usage of `subcommand_help_heading`
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use clap::{Command, Arg};
/// Command::new("myprog")
/// .subcommand(Command::new("sub1"))
/// .subcommand_help_heading("THINGS")
/// .print_help()
/// # ;
/// ```
///
/// will produce
///
/// ```text
/// myprog
///
/// USAGE:
/// myprog [SUBCOMMAND]
///
/// OPTIONS:
/// -h, --help Print help information
/// -V, --version Print version information
///
/// THINGS:
/// help Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s)
/// sub1
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub fn subcommand_help_heading<T>(mut self, heading: T) -> Self
where
T: Into<&'help str>,
{
self.subcommand_heading = Some(heading.into());
self
}
}
/// # Reflection
impl<'help> App<'help> {
#[inline]
pub(crate) fn get_usage_name(&self) -> Option<&str> {
self.usage_name.as_deref()
}
/// Get the name of the binary.
#[inline]
pub fn get_display_name(&self) -> Option<&str> {
self.display_name.as_deref()
}
/// Get the name of the binary.
#[inline]
pub fn get_bin_name(&self) -> Option<&str> {
self.bin_name.as_deref()
}
/// Set binary name. Uses `&mut self` instead of `self`.
pub fn set_bin_name<S: Into<String>>(&mut self, name: S) {
self.bin_name = Some(name.into());
}
/// Get the name of the cmd.
#[inline]
pub fn get_name(&self) -> &str {
&self.name
}
/// Get the version of the cmd.
#[inline]
pub fn get_version(&self) -> Option<&'help str> {
self.version
}
/// Get the long version of the cmd.
#[inline]
pub fn get_long_version(&self) -> Option<&'help str> {
self.long_version
}
/// Get the authors of the cmd.
#[inline]
pub fn get_author(&self) -> Option<&'help str> {
self.author
}
/// Get the short flag of the subcommand.
#[inline]
pub fn get_short_flag(&self) -> Option<char> {
self.short_flag
}
/// Get the long flag of the subcommand.
#[inline]
pub fn get_long_flag(&self) -> Option<&'help str> {
self.long_flag
}
/// Get the help message specified via [`Command::about`].
///
/// [`App::about`]: Command::about()
#[inline]
pub fn get_about(&self) -> Option<&'help str> {
self.about
}
/// Get the help message specified via [`Command::long_about`].
///
/// [`App::long_about`]: Command::long_about()
#[inline]
pub fn get_long_about(&self) -> Option<&'help str> {
self.long_about
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::get_next_help_heading`]
#[inline]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.1.0", note = "Replaced with `App::get_next_help_heading`")
)]
pub fn get_help_heading(&self) -> Option<&'help str> {
self.get_next_help_heading()
}
/// Get the custom section heading specified via [`Command::help_heading`].
///
/// [`App::help_heading`]: Command::help_heading()
#[inline]
pub fn get_next_help_heading(&self) -> Option<&'help str> {
self.current_help_heading
}
/// Iterate through the *visible* aliases for this subcommand.
#[inline]
pub fn get_visible_aliases(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &'help str> + '_ {
self.aliases.iter().filter(|(_, vis)| *vis).map(|a| a.0)
}
/// Iterate through the *visible* short aliases for this subcommand.
#[inline]
pub fn get_visible_short_flag_aliases(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = char> + '_ {
self.short_flag_aliases
.iter()
.filter(|(_, vis)| *vis)
.map(|a| a.0)
}
/// Iterate through the *visible* long aliases for this subcommand.
#[inline]
pub fn get_visible_long_flag_aliases(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &'help str> + '_ {
self.long_flag_aliases
.iter()
.filter(|(_, vis)| *vis)
.map(|a| a.0)
}
/// Iterate through the set of *all* the aliases for this subcommand, both visible and hidden.
#[inline]
pub fn get_all_aliases(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &str> + '_ {
self.aliases.iter().map(|a| a.0)
}
/// Iterate through the set of *all* the short aliases for this subcommand, both visible and hidden.
#[inline]
pub fn get_all_short_flag_aliases(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = char> + '_ {
self.short_flag_aliases.iter().map(|a| a.0)
}
/// Iterate through the set of *all* the long aliases for this subcommand, both visible and hidden.
#[inline]
pub fn get_all_long_flag_aliases(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &'help str> + '_ {
self.long_flag_aliases.iter().map(|a| a.0)
}
/// Check if the given [`AppSettings`] variant is currently set on the `Command`.
///
/// This checks both [local] and [global settings].
///
/// [local]: Command::setting()
/// [global settings]: Command::global_setting()
#[inline]
pub fn is_set(&self, s: AppSettings) -> bool {
self.settings.is_set(s) || self.g_settings.is_set(s)
}
/// Should we color the output?
#[inline(never)]
pub fn get_color(&self) -> ColorChoice {
debug!("Command::color: Color setting...");
if cfg!(feature = "color") {
#[allow(deprecated)]
if self.is_set(AppSettings::ColorNever) {
debug!("Never");
ColorChoice::Never
} else if self.is_set(AppSettings::ColorAlways) {
debug!("Always");
ColorChoice::Always
} else {
debug!("Auto");
ColorChoice::Auto
}
} else {
ColorChoice::Never
}
}
/// Iterate through the set of subcommands, getting a reference to each.
#[inline]
pub fn get_subcommands(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &App<'help>> {
self.subcommands.iter()
}
/// Iterate through the set of subcommands, getting a mutable reference to each.
#[inline]
pub fn get_subcommands_mut(&mut self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &mut App<'help>> {
self.subcommands.iter_mut()
}
/// Returns `true` if this `Command` has subcommands.
#[inline]
pub fn has_subcommands(&self) -> bool {
!self.subcommands.is_empty()
}
/// Returns the help heading for listing subcommands.
#[inline]
pub fn get_subcommand_help_heading(&self) -> Option<&str> {
self.subcommand_heading
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`App::get_subcommand_help_heading`]
#[inline]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(
since = "3.1.0",
note = "Replaced with `App::get_subcommand_help_heading`"
)
)]
pub fn get_subommand_help_heading(&self) -> Option<&str> {
self.get_subcommand_help_heading()
}
/// Returns the subcommand value name.
#[inline]
pub fn get_subcommand_value_name(&self) -> Option<&str> {
self.subcommand_value_name
}
/// Returns the help heading for listing subcommands.
#[inline]
pub fn get_before_help(&self) -> Option<&str> {
self.before_help
}
/// Returns the help heading for listing subcommands.
#[inline]
pub fn get_before_long_help(&self) -> Option<&str> {
self.before_long_help
}
/// Returns the help heading for listing subcommands.
#[inline]
pub fn get_after_help(&self) -> Option<&str> {
self.after_help
}
/// Returns the help heading for listing subcommands.
#[inline]
pub fn get_after_long_help(&self) -> Option<&str> {
self.after_long_help
}
/// Find subcommand such that its name or one of aliases equals `name`.
///
/// This does not recurse through subcommands of subcommands.
#[inline]
pub fn find_subcommand<T>(&self, name: &T) -> Option<&App<'help>>
where
T: PartialEq<str> + ?Sized,
{
self.get_subcommands().find(|s| s.aliases_to(name))
}
/// Find subcommand such that its name or one of aliases equals `name`, returning
/// a mutable reference to the subcommand.
///
/// This does not recurse through subcommands of subcommands.
#[inline]
pub fn find_subcommand_mut<T>(&mut self, name: &T) -> Option<&mut App<'help>>
where
T: PartialEq<str> + ?Sized,
{
self.get_subcommands_mut().find(|s| s.aliases_to(name))
}
/// Iterate through the set of groups.
#[inline]
pub fn get_groups(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &ArgGroup<'help>> {
self.groups.iter()
}
/// Iterate through the set of arguments.
#[inline]
pub fn get_arguments(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Arg<'help>> {
self.args.args()
}
/// Iterate through the *positionals* arguments.
#[inline]
pub fn get_positionals(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Arg<'help>> {
self.get_arguments().filter(|a| a.is_positional())
}
/// Iterate through the *options*.
pub fn get_opts(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Arg<'help>> {
self.get_arguments()
.filter(|a| a.is_takes_value_set() && !a.is_positional())
}
/// Get a list of all arguments the given argument conflicts with.
///
/// If the provided argument is declared as global, the conflicts will be determined
/// based on the propagation rules of global arguments.
///
/// ### Panics
///
/// If the given arg contains a conflict with an argument that is unknown to
/// this `Command`.
pub fn get_arg_conflicts_with(&self, arg: &Arg) -> Vec<&Arg<'help>> // FIXME: This could probably have been an iterator
{
if arg.is_global_set() {
self.get_global_arg_conflicts_with(arg)
} else {
let mut result = Vec::new();
for id in arg.blacklist.iter() {
if let Some(arg) = self.find(id) {
result.push(arg);
} else if let Some(group) = self.find_group(id) {
result.extend(
self.unroll_args_in_group(&group.id)
.iter()
.map(|id| self.find(id).expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG)),
);
} else {
panic!("Command::get_arg_conflicts_with: The passed arg conflicts with an arg unknown to the cmd");
}
}
result
}
}
// Get a unique list of all arguments of all commands and continuous subcommands the given argument conflicts with.
//
// This behavior follows the propagation rules of global arguments.
// It is useful for finding conflicts for arguments declared as global.
//
// ### Panics
//
// If the given arg contains a conflict with an argument that is unknown to
// this `App`.
fn get_global_arg_conflicts_with(&self, arg: &Arg) -> Vec<&Arg<'help>> // FIXME: This could probably have been an iterator
{
arg.blacklist
.iter()
.map(|id| {
self.args
.args()
.chain(
self.get_subcommands_containing(arg)
.iter()
.flat_map(|x| x.args.args()),
)
.find(|arg| arg.id == *id)
.expect(
"Command::get_arg_conflicts_with: \
The passed arg conflicts with an arg unknown to the cmd",
)
})
.collect()
}
// Get a list of subcommands which contain the provided Argument
//
// This command will only include subcommands in its list for which the subcommands
// parent also contains the Argument.
//
// This search follows the propagation rules of global arguments.
// It is useful to finding subcommands, that have inherited a global argument.
//
// **NOTE:** In this case only Sucommand_1 will be included
// Subcommand_1 (contains Arg)
// Subcommand_1.1 (doesn't contain Arg)
// Subcommand_1.1.1 (contains Arg)
//
fn get_subcommands_containing(&self, arg: &Arg) -> Vec<&App<'help>> {
let mut vec = std::vec::Vec::new();
for idx in 0..self.subcommands.len() {
if self.subcommands[idx].args.args().any(|ar| ar.id == arg.id) {
vec.push(&self.subcommands[idx]);
vec.append(&mut self.subcommands[idx].get_subcommands_containing(arg));
}
}
vec
}
/// Report whether [`Command::no_binary_name`] is set
pub fn is_no_binary_name_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::NoBinaryName)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::ignore_errors`] is set
pub(crate) fn is_ignore_errors_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::IgnoreErrors)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::dont_delimit_trailing_values`] is set
pub fn is_dont_delimit_trailing_values_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::DontDelimitTrailingValues)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::disable_version_flag`] is set
pub fn is_disable_version_flag_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::DisableVersionFlag)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::propagate_version`] is set
pub fn is_propagate_version_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::PropagateVersion)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::next_line_help`] is set
pub fn is_next_line_help_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::NextLineHelp)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::disable_help_flag`] is set
pub fn is_disable_help_flag_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::DisableHelpFlag)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::disable_help_subcommand`] is set
pub fn is_disable_help_subcommand_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::DisableHelpSubcommand)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::disable_colored_help`] is set
pub fn is_disable_colored_help_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::DisableColoredHelp)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::help_expected`] is set
#[cfg(debug_assertions)]
pub(crate) fn is_help_expected_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::HelpExpected)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::dont_collapse_args_in_usage`] is set
pub fn is_dont_collapse_args_in_usage_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::DontCollapseArgsInUsage)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::infer_long_args`] is set
pub(crate) fn is_infer_long_args_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::InferLongArgs)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::infer_subcommands`] is set
pub(crate) fn is_infer_subcommands_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::InferSubcommands)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::arg_required_else_help`] is set
pub fn is_arg_required_else_help_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::ArgRequiredElseHelp)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::allow_hyphen_values`] is set
pub(crate) fn is_allow_hyphen_values_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::AllowHyphenValues)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::allow_negative_numbers`] is set
pub fn is_allow_negative_numbers_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::AllowNegativeNumbers)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::trailing_var_arg`] is set
pub fn is_trailing_var_arg_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::TrailingVarArg)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::allow_missing_positional`] is set
pub fn is_allow_missing_positional_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::AllowMissingPositional)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::hide`] is set
pub fn is_hide_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::Hidden)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::subcommand_required`] is set
pub fn is_subcommand_required_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::allow_external_subcommands`] is set
pub fn is_allow_external_subcommands_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::AllowExternalSubcommands)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::allow_invalid_utf8_for_external_subcommands`] is set
pub fn is_allow_invalid_utf8_for_external_subcommands_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::AllowInvalidUtf8ForExternalSubcommands)
}
/// Configured parser for values passed to an external subcommand
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// let cmd = clap::Command::new("raw")
/// .allow_external_subcommands(true)
/// .allow_invalid_utf8_for_external_subcommands(true);
/// let value_parser = cmd.get_external_subcommand_value_parser();
/// println!("{:?}", value_parser);
/// ```
pub fn get_external_subcommand_value_parser(&self) -> Option<&super::ValueParser> {
if !self.is_allow_external_subcommands_set() {
None
} else if self.is_allow_invalid_utf8_for_external_subcommands_set() {
static DEFAULT: super::ValueParser = super::ValueParser::os_string();
Some(&DEFAULT)
} else {
static DEFAULT: super::ValueParser = super::ValueParser::string();
Some(&DEFAULT)
}
}
/// Report whether [`Command::args_conflicts_with_subcommands`] is set
pub fn is_args_conflicts_with_subcommands_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::ArgsNegateSubcommands)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::subcommand_precedence_over_arg`] is set
pub fn is_subcommand_precedence_over_arg_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::SubcommandPrecedenceOverArg)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::subcommand_negates_reqs`] is set
pub fn is_subcommand_negates_reqs_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::SubcommandsNegateReqs)
}
/// Report whether [`Command::multicall`] is set
pub fn is_multicall_set(&self) -> bool {
self.is_set(AppSettings::Multicall)
}
}
/// Deprecated
impl<'help> App<'help> {
/// Deprecated in [Issue #3087](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/issues/3087), maybe [`clap::Parser`][crate::Parser] would fit your use case?
#[cfg(feature = "yaml")]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(
since = "3.0.0",
note = "Deprecated in Issue #3087, maybe clap::Parser would fit your use case?"
)
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
pub fn from_yaml(y: &'help Yaml) -> Self {
#![allow(deprecated)]
let yaml_file_hash = y.as_hash().expect("YAML file must be a hash");
// We WANT this to panic on error...so expect() is good.
let (mut a, yaml, err) = if let Some(name) = y["name"].as_str() {
(App::new(name), yaml_file_hash, "cmd".into())
} else {
let (name_yaml, value_yaml) = yaml_file_hash
.iter()
.next()
.expect("There must be one subcommand in the YAML file");
let name_str = name_yaml
.as_str()
.expect("Subcommand name must be a string");
(
App::new(name_str),
value_yaml.as_hash().expect("Subcommand must be a hash"),
format!("subcommand '{}'", name_str),
)
};
for (k, v) in yaml {
a = match k.as_str().expect("App fields must be strings") {
"version" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, version),
"long_version" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, long_version),
"author" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, author),
"bin_name" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, bin_name),
"about" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, about),
"long_about" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, long_about),
"before_help" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, before_help),
"after_help" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, after_help),
"template" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, help_template),
"usage" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, override_usage),
"help" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, override_help),
"help_message" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, help_message),
"version_message" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, version_message),
"alias" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, alias),
"aliases" => yaml_vec_or_str!(a, v, alias),
"visible_alias" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, visible_alias),
"visible_aliases" => yaml_vec_or_str!(a, v, visible_alias),
"display_order" => yaml_to_usize!(a, v, display_order),
"args" => {
if let Some(vec) = v.as_vec() {
for arg_yaml in vec {
a = a.arg(Arg::from_yaml(arg_yaml));
}
} else {
panic!("Failed to convert YAML value {:?} to a vec", v);
}
a
}
"subcommands" => {
if let Some(vec) = v.as_vec() {
for sc_yaml in vec {
a = a.subcommand(App::from_yaml(sc_yaml));
}
} else {
panic!("Failed to convert YAML value {:?} to a vec", v);
}
a
}
"groups" => {
if let Some(vec) = v.as_vec() {
for ag_yaml in vec {
a = a.group(ArgGroup::from(ag_yaml));
}
} else {
panic!("Failed to convert YAML value {:?} to a vec", v);
}
a
}
"setting" | "settings" => {
yaml_to_setting!(a, v, setting, AppSettings, "AppSetting", err)
}
"global_setting" | "global_settings" => {
yaml_to_setting!(a, v, global_setting, AppSettings, "AppSetting", err)
}
_ => a,
}
}
a
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::override_usage`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::override_usage`")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
#[must_use]
pub fn usage<S: Into<&'help str>>(self, usage: S) -> Self {
self.override_usage(usage)
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::override_help`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::override_help`")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
#[must_use]
pub fn help<S: Into<&'help str>>(self, help: S) -> Self {
self.override_help(help)
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::mut_arg`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::mut_arg`")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
#[must_use]
pub fn help_short(self, c: char) -> Self {
self.mut_arg("help", |a| a.short(c))
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::mut_arg`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::mut_arg`")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
#[must_use]
pub fn version_short(self, c: char) -> Self {
self.mut_arg("version", |a| a.short(c))
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::mut_arg`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::mut_arg`")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
#[must_use]
pub fn help_message(self, s: impl Into<&'help str>) -> Self {
self.mut_arg("help", |a| a.help(s.into()))
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::mut_arg`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::mut_arg`")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
#[must_use]
pub fn version_message(self, s: impl Into<&'help str>) -> Self {
self.mut_arg("version", |a| a.help(s.into()))
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::help_template`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::help_template`")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
#[must_use]
pub fn template<S: Into<&'help str>>(self, s: S) -> Self {
self.help_template(s)
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::setting(a| b)`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::setting(a | b)`")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
#[must_use]
pub fn settings(mut self, settings: &[AppSettings]) -> Self {
for s in settings {
self.settings.insert((*s).into());
}
self
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::unset_setting(a| b)`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::unset_setting(a | b)`")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
#[must_use]
pub fn unset_settings(mut self, settings: &[AppSettings]) -> Self {
for s in settings {
self.settings.remove((*s).into());
}
self
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::global_setting(a| b)`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::global_setting(a | b)`")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
#[must_use]
pub fn global_settings(mut self, settings: &[AppSettings]) -> Self {
for s in settings {
self.settings.insert((*s).into());
self.g_settings.insert((*s).into());
}
self
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::term_width`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::term_width`")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
#[must_use]
pub fn set_term_width(self, width: usize) -> Self {
self.term_width(width)
}
/// Deprecated in [Issue #3086](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/issues/3086), see [`arg!`][crate::arg!].
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Deprecated in Issue #3086, see `clap::arg!")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
#[must_use]
pub fn arg_from_usage(self, usage: &'help str) -> Self {
#![allow(deprecated)]
self.arg(Arg::from_usage(usage))
}
/// Deprecated in [Issue #3086](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/issues/3086), see [`arg!`][crate::arg!].
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Deprecated in Issue #3086, see `clap::arg!")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
#[must_use]
pub fn args_from_usage(mut self, usage: &'help str) -> Self {
#![allow(deprecated)]
for line in usage.lines() {
let l = line.trim();
if l.is_empty() {
continue;
}
self = self.arg(Arg::from_usage(l));
}
self
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::render_version`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::render_version`")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
pub fn write_version<W: io::Write>(&self, w: &mut W) -> ClapResult<()> {
write!(w, "{}", self.render_version()).map_err(From::from)
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::render_long_version`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::render_long_version`")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
pub fn write_long_version<W: io::Write>(&self, w: &mut W) -> ClapResult<()> {
write!(w, "{}", self.render_long_version()).map_err(From::from)
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::try_get_matches`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::try_get_matches`")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
pub fn get_matches_safe(self) -> ClapResult<ArgMatches> {
self.try_get_matches()
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::try_get_matches_from`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::try_get_matches_from`")
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
pub fn get_matches_from_safe<I, T>(self, itr: I) -> ClapResult<ArgMatches>
where
I: IntoIterator<Item = T>,
T: Into<OsString> + Clone,
{
self.try_get_matches_from(itr)
}
/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::try_get_matches_from_mut`]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(
since = "3.0.0",
note = "Replaced with `App::try_get_matches_from_mut`"
)
)]
#[doc(hidden)]
pub fn get_matches_from_safe_borrow<I, T>(&mut self, itr: I) -> ClapResult<ArgMatches>
where
I: IntoIterator<Item = T>,
T: Into<OsString> + Clone,
{
self.try_get_matches_from_mut(itr)
}
}
// Internally used only
impl<'help> App<'help> {
pub(crate) fn get_id(&self) -> Id {
self.id.clone()
}
pub(crate) fn get_override_usage(&self) -> Option<&str> {
self.usage_str
}
pub(crate) fn get_override_help(&self) -> Option<&str> {
self.help_str
}
pub(crate) fn get_help_template(&self) -> Option<&str> {
self.template
}
pub(crate) fn get_term_width(&self) -> Option<usize> {
self.term_w
}
pub(crate) fn get_max_term_width(&self) -> Option<usize> {
self.max_w
}
pub(crate) fn get_replacement(&self, key: &str) -> Option<&[&str]> {
self.replacers.get(key).copied()
}
pub(crate) fn get_keymap(&self) -> &MKeyMap<'help> {
&self.args
}
fn get_used_global_args(&self, matches: &ArgMatches, global_arg_vec: &mut Vec<Id>) {
global_arg_vec.extend(
self.args
.args()
.filter(|a| a.is_global_set())
.map(|ga| ga.id.clone()),
);
if let Some((id, matches)) = matches.subcommand() {
if let Some(used_sub) = self.find_subcommand(id) {
used_sub.get_used_global_args(matches, global_arg_vec);
}
}
}
fn _do_parse(
&mut self,
raw_args: &mut clap_lex::RawArgs,
args_cursor: clap_lex::ArgCursor,
) -> ClapResult<ArgMatches> {
debug!("Command::_do_parse");
// If there are global arguments, or settings we need to propagate them down to subcommands
// before parsing in case we run into a subcommand
self._build_self();
let mut matcher = ArgMatcher::new(self);
// do the real parsing
let mut parser = Parser::new(self);
if let Err(error) = parser.get_matches_with(&mut matcher, raw_args, args_cursor) {
if self.is_set(AppSettings::IgnoreErrors) {
debug!("Command::_do_parse: ignoring error: {}", error);
} else {
return Err(error);
}
}
let mut global_arg_vec = Default::default();
self.get_used_global_args(&matcher, &mut global_arg_vec);
matcher.propagate_globals(&global_arg_vec);
Ok(matcher.into_inner())
}
#[doc(hidden)]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.1.10", note = "Replaced with `Command::build`")
)]
pub fn _build_all(&mut self) {
self.build();
}
#[doc(hidden)]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.1.10", note = "Replaced with `Command::build`")
)]
pub fn _build(&mut self) {
self._build_self()
}
#[doc(hidden)]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "deprecated",
deprecated(since = "3.1.13", note = "Replaced with `Command::build`")
)]
pub fn _build_bin_names(&mut self) {
self._build_bin_names_internal();
}
/// Prepare for introspecting on all included [`Command`]s
///
/// Call this on the top-level [`Command`] when done building and before reading state for
/// cases like completions, custom help output, etc.
pub fn build(&mut self) {
self._build_recursive();
self._build_bin_names_internal();
}
pub(crate) fn _build_recursive(&mut self) {
self._build_self();
for subcmd in self.get_subcommands_mut() {
subcmd._build_recursive();
}
}
pub(crate) fn _build_self(&mut self) {
debug!("Command::_build: name={:?}", self.get_name());
if !self.settings.is_set(AppSettings::Built) {
// Make sure all the globally set flags apply to us as well
self.settings = self.settings | self.g_settings;
if self.is_multicall_set() {
self.settings.insert(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired.into());
self.settings.insert(AppSettings::DisableHelpFlag.into());
self.settings.insert(AppSettings::DisableVersionFlag.into());
}
self._propagate();
self._check_help_and_version();
self._propagate_global_args();
self._derive_display_order();
let mut pos_counter = 1;
let self_override = self.is_set(AppSettings::AllArgsOverrideSelf);
let hide_pv = self.is_set(AppSettings::HidePossibleValues);
let auto_help =
!self.is_set(AppSettings::NoAutoHelp) && !self.is_disable_help_flag_set();
let auto_version =
!self.is_set(AppSettings::NoAutoVersion) && !self.is_disable_version_flag_set();
for a in self.args.args_mut() {
// Fill in the groups
for g in &a.groups {
if let Some(ag) = self.groups.iter_mut().find(|grp| grp.id == *g) {
ag.args.push(a.id.clone());
} else {
let mut ag = ArgGroup::with_id(g.clone());
ag.args.push(a.id.clone());
self.groups.push(ag);
}
}
// Figure out implied settings
if a.is_last_set() {
// if an arg has `Last` set, we need to imply DontCollapseArgsInUsage so that args
// in the usage string don't get confused or left out.
self.settings.set(AppSettings::DontCollapseArgsInUsage);
}
if hide_pv && a.is_takes_value_set() {
a.settings.set(ArgSettings::HidePossibleValues);
}
if self_override {
let self_id = a.id.clone();
a.overrides.push(self_id);
}
a._build();
// HACK: Setting up action at this level while auto-help / disable help flag is
// required. Otherwise, most of this won't be needed because when we can break
// compat, actions will reign supreme (default to `Store`)
if a.action.is_none() {
if a.get_id() == "help" && auto_help && !a.is_takes_value_set() {
let action = super::ArgAction::Help;
a.action = Some(action);
} else if a.get_id() == "version" && auto_version && !a.is_takes_value_set() {
let action = super::ArgAction::Version;
a.action = Some(action);
} else if a.is_takes_value_set() {
let action = super::ArgAction::StoreValue;
a.action = Some(action);
} else {
let action = super::ArgAction::IncOccurrence;
a.action = Some(action);
}
}
if a.is_positional() && a.index.is_none() {
a.index = Some(pos_counter);
pos_counter += 1;
}
}
self.args._build();
#[cfg(debug_assertions)]
assert_app(self);
self.settings.set(AppSettings::Built);
} else {
debug!("Command::_build: already built");
}
}
pub(crate) fn _build_subcommand(&mut self, name: &str) -> Option<&mut Self> {
use std::fmt::Write;
let mut mid_string = String::from(" ");
if !self.is_subcommand_negates_reqs_set() && !self.is_args_conflicts_with_subcommands_set()
{
let reqs = Usage::new(self).get_required_usage_from(&[], None, true); // maybe Some(m)
for s in &reqs {
mid_string.push_str(s);
mid_string.push(' ');
}
}
let is_multicall_set = self.is_multicall_set();
let sc = self.subcommands.iter_mut().find(|s| s.name == name)?;
// Display subcommand name, short and long in usage
let mut sc_names = sc.name.clone();
let mut flag_subcmd = false;
if let Some(l) = sc.long_flag {
write!(sc_names, "|--{}", l).unwrap();
flag_subcmd = true;
}
if let Some(s) = sc.short_flag {
write!(sc_names, "|-{}", s).unwrap();
flag_subcmd = true;
}
if flag_subcmd {
sc_names = format!("{{{}}}", sc_names);
}
let usage_name = self
.bin_name
.as_ref()
.map(|bin_name| format!("{}{}{}", bin_name, mid_string, sc_names))
.unwrap_or(sc_names);
sc.usage_name = Some(usage_name);
// bin_name should be parent's bin_name + [<reqs>] + the sc's name separated by
// a space
let bin_name = format!(
"{}{}{}",
self.bin_name.as_ref().unwrap_or(&String::new()),
if self.bin_name.is_some() { " " } else { "" },
&*sc.name
);
debug!(
"Command::_build_subcommand Setting bin_name of {} to {:?}",
sc.name, bin_name
);
sc.bin_name = Some(bin_name);
if sc.display_name.is_none() {
let self_display_name = if is_multicall_set {
self.display_name.as_deref().unwrap_or("")
} else {
self.display_name.as_deref().unwrap_or(&self.name)
};
let display_name = format!(
"{}{}{}",
self_display_name,
if !self_display_name.is_empty() {
"-"
} else {
""
},
&*sc.name
);
debug!(
"Command::_build_subcommand Setting display_name of {} to {:?}",
sc.name, display_name
);
sc.display_name = Some(display_name);
}
// Ensure all args are built and ready to parse
sc._build_self();
Some(sc)
}
fn _build_bin_names_internal(&mut self) {
debug!("Command::_build_bin_names");
if !self.is_set(AppSettings::BinNameBuilt) {
let mut mid_string = String::from(" ");
if !self.is_subcommand_negates_reqs_set()
&& !self.is_args_conflicts_with_subcommands_set()
{
let reqs = Usage::new(self).get_required_usage_from(&[], None, true); // maybe Some(m)
for s in &reqs {
mid_string.push_str(s);
mid_string.push(' ');
}
}
let is_multicall_set = self.is_multicall_set();
let self_bin_name = if is_multicall_set {
self.bin_name.as_deref().unwrap_or("")
} else {
self.bin_name.as_deref().unwrap_or(&self.name)
}
.to_owned();
for mut sc in &mut self.subcommands {
debug!("Command::_build_bin_names:iter: bin_name set...");
if sc.usage_name.is_none() {
use std::fmt::Write;
// Display subcommand name, short and long in usage
let mut sc_names = sc.name.clone();
let mut flag_subcmd = false;
if let Some(l) = sc.long_flag {
write!(sc_names, "|--{}", l).unwrap();
flag_subcmd = true;
}
if let Some(s) = sc.short_flag {
write!(sc_names, "|-{}", s).unwrap();
flag_subcmd = true;
}
if flag_subcmd {
sc_names = format!("{{{}}}", sc_names);
}
let usage_name = format!("{}{}{}", self_bin_name, mid_string, sc_names);
debug!(
"Command::_build_bin_names:iter: Setting usage_name of {} to {:?}",
sc.name, usage_name
);
sc.usage_name = Some(usage_name);
} else {
debug!(
"Command::_build_bin_names::iter: Using existing usage_name of {} ({:?})",
sc.name, sc.usage_name
);
}
if sc.bin_name.is_none() {
let bin_name = format!(
"{}{}{}",
self_bin_name,
if !self_bin_name.is_empty() { " " } else { "" },
&*sc.name
);
debug!(
"Command::_build_bin_names:iter: Setting bin_name of {} to {:?}",
sc.name, bin_name
);
sc.bin_name = Some(bin_name);
} else {
debug!(
"Command::_build_bin_names::iter: Using existing bin_name of {} ({:?})",
sc.name, sc.bin_name
);
}
if sc.display_name.is_none() {
let self_display_name = if is_multicall_set {
self.display_name.as_deref().unwrap_or("")
} else {
self.display_name.as_deref().unwrap_or(&self.name)
};
let display_name = format!(
"{}{}{}",
self_display_name,
if !self_display_name.is_empty() {
"-"
} else {
""
},
&*sc.name
);
debug!(
"Command::_build_bin_names:iter: Setting display_name of {} to {:?}",
sc.name, display_name
);
sc.display_name = Some(display_name);
} else {
debug!(
"Command::_build_bin_names::iter: Using existing display_name of {} ({:?})",
sc.name, sc.display_name
);
}
sc._build_bin_names_internal();
}
self.set(AppSettings::BinNameBuilt);
} else {
debug!("Command::_build_bin_names: already built");
}
}
pub(crate) fn _panic_on_missing_help(&self, help_required_globally: bool) {
if self.is_set(AppSettings::HelpExpected) || help_required_globally {
let args_missing_help: Vec<String> = self
.args
.args()
.filter(|arg| arg.help.is_none() && arg.long_help.is_none())
.map(|arg| String::from(arg.name))
.collect();
assert!(args_missing_help.is_empty(),
"Command::help_expected is enabled for the Command {}, but at least one of its arguments does not have either `help` or `long_help` set. List of such arguments: {}",
self.name,
args_missing_help.join(", ")
);
}
for sub_app in &self.subcommands {
sub_app._panic_on_missing_help(help_required_globally);
}
}
#[cfg(debug_assertions)]
pub(crate) fn two_args_of<F>(&self, condition: F) -> Option<(&Arg<'help>, &Arg<'help>)>
where
F: Fn(&Arg) -> bool,
{
two_elements_of(self.args.args().filter(|a: &&Arg| condition(a)))
}
// just in case
#[allow(unused)]
fn two_groups_of<F>(&self, condition: F) -> Option<(&ArgGroup, &ArgGroup)>
where
F: Fn(&ArgGroup) -> bool,
{
two_elements_of(self.groups.iter().filter(|a| condition(a)))
}
/// Propagate global args
pub(crate) fn _propagate_global_args(&mut self) {
debug!("Command::_propagate_global_args:{}", self.name);
for sc in &mut self.subcommands {
for a in self.args.args().filter(|a| a.is_global_set()) {
let mut propagate = false;
let is_generated = matches!(
a.provider,
ArgProvider::Generated | ArgProvider::GeneratedMutated
);
// Remove generated help and version args in the subcommand
//
// Don't remove if those args are further mutated
if is_generated {
let generated_pos = sc
.args
.args()
.position(|x| x.id == a.id && x.provider == ArgProvider::Generated);
if let Some(index) = generated_pos {
debug!(
"Command::_propagate removing {}'s {:?}",
sc.get_name(),
a.id
);
sc.args.remove(index);
propagate = true;
}
}
if propagate || sc.find(&a.id).is_none() {
debug!(
"Command::_propagate pushing {:?} to {}",
a.id,
sc.get_name(),
);
sc.args.push(a.clone());
}
}
}
}
/// Propagate settings
pub(crate) fn _propagate(&mut self) {
debug!("Command::_propagate:{}", self.name);
let mut subcommands = std::mem::take(&mut self.subcommands);
for sc in &mut subcommands {
self._propagate_subcommand(sc);
}
self.subcommands = subcommands;
}
fn _propagate_subcommand(&self, sc: &mut Self) {
// We have to create a new scope in order to tell rustc the borrow of `sc` is
// done and to recursively call this method
{
if self.settings.is_set(AppSettings::PropagateVersion) {
if sc.version.is_none() && self.version.is_some() {
sc.version = Some(self.version.unwrap());
}
if sc.long_version.is_none() && self.long_version.is_some() {
sc.long_version = Some(self.long_version.unwrap());
}
}
sc.settings = sc.settings | self.g_settings;
sc.g_settings = sc.g_settings | self.g_settings;
sc.term_w = self.term_w;
sc.max_w = self.max_w;
}
}
#[allow(clippy::blocks_in_if_conditions)]
pub(crate) fn _check_help_and_version(&mut self) {
debug!("Command::_check_help_and_version: {}", self.name);
if self.is_set(AppSettings::DisableHelpFlag)
|| self.args.args().any(|x| {
x.provider == ArgProvider::User
&& (x.long == Some("help") || x.id == Id::help_hash())
})
|| self
.subcommands
.iter()
.any(|sc| sc.long_flag == Some("help"))
{
debug!("Command::_check_help_and_version: Removing generated help");
let generated_help_pos = self
.args
.args()
.position(|x| x.id == Id::help_hash() && x.provider == ArgProvider::Generated);
if let Some(index) = generated_help_pos {
self.args.remove(index);
}
} else {
let help = self
.args
.args()
.find(|x| x.id == Id::help_hash())
.expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG);
assert_ne!(help.provider, ArgProvider::User);
if help.short.is_some() {
if help.short == Some('h') {
if let Some(other_arg) = self
.args
.args()
.find(|x| x.id != Id::help_hash() && x.short == Some('h'))
{
panic!(
"`help`s `-h` conflicts with `{}`.
To change `help`s short, call `cmd.arg(Arg::new(\"help\")...)`.",
other_arg.name
);
}
}
} else if !(self.args.args().any(|x| x.short == Some('h'))
|| self.subcommands.iter().any(|sc| sc.short_flag == Some('h')))
{
let help = self
.args
.args_mut()
.find(|x| x.id == Id::help_hash())
.expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG);
help.short = Some('h');
} else {
debug!("Command::_check_help_and_version: Removing `-h` from help");
}
}
// Determine if we should remove the generated --version flag
//
// Note that if only mut_arg() was used, the first expression will evaluate to `true`
// however inside the condition block, we only check for Generated args, not
// GeneratedMutated args, so the `mut_arg("version", ..) will be skipped and fall through
// to the following condition below (Adding the short `-V`)
if self.settings.is_set(AppSettings::DisableVersionFlag)
|| (self.version.is_none() && self.long_version.is_none())
|| self.args.args().any(|x| {
x.provider == ArgProvider::User
&& (x.long == Some("version") || x.id == Id::version_hash())
})
|| self
.subcommands
.iter()
.any(|sc| sc.long_flag == Some("version"))
{
debug!("Command::_check_help_and_version: Removing generated version");
// This is the check mentioned above that only checks for Generated, not
// GeneratedMutated args by design.
let generated_version_pos = self
.args
.args()
.position(|x| x.id == Id::version_hash() && x.provider == ArgProvider::Generated);
if let Some(index) = generated_version_pos {
self.args.remove(index);
}
}
// If we still have a generated --version flag, determine if we can apply the short `-V`
if self.args.args().any(|x| {
x.id == Id::version_hash()
&& matches!(
x.provider,
ArgProvider::Generated | ArgProvider::GeneratedMutated
)
}) {
let other_arg_has_short = self.args.args().any(|x| x.short == Some('V'));
let version = self
.args
.args_mut()
.find(|x| x.id == Id::version_hash())
.expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG);
if !(version.short.is_some()
|| other_arg_has_short
|| self.subcommands.iter().any(|sc| sc.short_flag == Some('V')))
{
version.short = Some('V');
}
}
if !self.is_set(AppSettings::DisableHelpSubcommand)
&& self.has_subcommands()
&& !self.subcommands.iter().any(|s| s.id == Id::help_hash())
{
debug!("Command::_check_help_and_version: Building help subcommand");
let mut help_subcmd = App::new("help")
.about("Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s)")
.arg(
Arg::new("subcommand")
.index(1)
.takes_value(true)
.multiple_occurrences(true)
.value_name("SUBCOMMAND")
.help("The subcommand whose help message to display"),
);
self._propagate_subcommand(&mut help_subcmd);
// The parser acts like this is set, so let's set it so we don't falsely
// advertise it to the user
help_subcmd.version = None;
help_subcmd.long_version = None;
help_subcmd = help_subcmd
.setting(AppSettings::DisableHelpFlag)
.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::PropagateVersion);
self.subcommands.push(help_subcmd);
}
}
pub(crate) fn _derive_display_order(&mut self) {
debug!("Command::_derive_display_order:{}", self.name);
if self.settings.is_set(AppSettings::DeriveDisplayOrder) {
for a in self
.args
.args_mut()
.filter(|a| !a.is_positional())
.filter(|a| a.provider != ArgProvider::Generated)
{
a.disp_ord.make_explicit();
}
for (i, sc) in &mut self.subcommands.iter_mut().enumerate() {
sc.disp_ord.get_or_insert(i);
}
}
for sc in &mut self.subcommands {
sc._derive_display_order();
}
}
pub(crate) fn _render_version(&self, use_long: bool) -> String {
debug!("Command::_render_version");
let ver = if use_long {
self.long_version.or(self.version).unwrap_or("")
} else {
self.version.or(self.long_version).unwrap_or("")
};
if let Some(bn) = self.bin_name.as_ref() {
if bn.contains(' ') {
// In case we're dealing with subcommands i.e. git mv is translated to git-mv
format!("{} {}\n", bn.replace(' ', "-"), ver)
} else {
format!("{} {}\n", &self.name[..], ver)
}
} else {
format!("{} {}\n", &self.name[..], ver)
}
}
pub(crate) fn format_group(&self, g: &Id) -> String {
let g_string = self
.unroll_args_in_group(g)
.iter()
.filter_map(|x| self.find(x))
.map(|x| {
if x.is_positional() {
// Print val_name for positional arguments. e.g. <file_name>
x.name_no_brackets().to_string()
} else {
// Print usage string for flags arguments, e.g. <--help>
x.to_string()
}
})
.collect::<Vec<_>>()
.join("|");
format!("<{}>", &*g_string)
}
}
/// A workaround:
/// <https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/34511#issuecomment-373423999>
pub(crate) trait Captures<'a> {}
impl<'a, T> Captures<'a> for T {}
// Internal Query Methods
impl<'help> App<'help> {
/// Iterate through the *flags* & *options* arguments.
pub(crate) fn get_non_positionals(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Arg<'help>> {
self.get_arguments().filter(|a| !a.is_positional())
}
/// Iterate through the *positionals* that don't have custom heading.
pub(crate) fn get_positionals_with_no_heading(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Arg<'help>> {
self.get_positionals()
.filter(|a| a.get_help_heading().is_none())
}
/// Iterate through the *flags* & *options* that don't have custom heading.
pub(crate) fn get_non_positionals_with_no_heading(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Arg<'help>> {
self.get_non_positionals()
.filter(|a| a.get_help_heading().is_none())
}
pub(crate) fn find(&self, arg_id: &Id) -> Option<&Arg<'help>> {
self.args.args().find(|a| a.id == *arg_id)
}
#[inline]
pub(crate) fn contains_short(&self, s: char) -> bool {
assert!(
self.is_set(AppSettings::Built),
"If App::_build hasn't been called, manually search through Arg shorts"
);
self.args.contains(s)
}
#[inline]
pub(crate) fn set(&mut self, s: AppSettings) {
self.settings.set(s)
}
#[inline]
pub(crate) fn has_args(&self) -> bool {
!self.args.is_empty()
}
pub(crate) fn has_positionals(&self) -> bool {
self.args.keys().any(|x| x.is_position())
}
pub(crate) fn has_visible_subcommands(&self) -> bool {
self.subcommands
.iter()
.any(|sc| sc.name != "help" && !sc.is_set(AppSettings::Hidden))
}
/// Check if this subcommand can be referred to as `name`. In other words,
/// check if `name` is the name of this subcommand or is one of its aliases.
#[inline]
pub(crate) fn aliases_to<T>(&self, name: &T) -> bool
where
T: PartialEq<str> + ?Sized,
{
*name == *self.get_name() || self.get_all_aliases().any(|alias| *name == *alias)
}
/// Check if this subcommand can be referred to as `name`. In other words,
/// check if `name` is the name of this short flag subcommand or is one of its short flag aliases.
#[inline]
pub(crate) fn short_flag_aliases_to(&self, flag: char) -> bool {
Some(flag) == self.short_flag
|| self.get_all_short_flag_aliases().any(|alias| flag == alias)
}
/// Check if this subcommand can be referred to as `name`. In other words,
/// check if `name` is the name of this long flag subcommand or is one of its long flag aliases.
#[inline]
pub(crate) fn long_flag_aliases_to<T>(&self, flag: &T) -> bool
where
T: PartialEq<str> + ?Sized,
{
match self.long_flag {
Some(long_flag) => {
flag == long_flag || self.get_all_long_flag_aliases().any(|alias| flag == alias)
}
None => self.get_all_long_flag_aliases().any(|alias| flag == alias),
}
}
#[cfg(debug_assertions)]
pub(crate) fn id_exists(&self, id: &Id) -> bool {
self.args.args().any(|x| x.id == *id) || self.groups.iter().any(|x| x.id == *id)
}
/// Iterate through the groups this arg is member of.
pub(crate) fn groups_for_arg<'a>(&'a self, arg: &Id) -> impl Iterator<Item = Id> + 'a {
debug!("Command::groups_for_arg: id={:?}", arg);
let arg = arg.clone();
self.groups
.iter()
.filter(move |grp| grp.args.iter().any(|a| a == &arg))
.map(|grp| grp.id.clone())
}
pub(crate) fn find_group(&self, group_id: &Id) -> Option<&ArgGroup<'help>> {
self.groups.iter().find(|g| g.id == *group_id)
}
/// Iterate through all the names of all subcommands (not recursively), including aliases.
/// Used for suggestions.
pub(crate) fn all_subcommand_names(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &str> + Captures<'help> {
self.get_subcommands().flat_map(|sc| {
let name = sc.get_name();
let aliases = sc.get_all_aliases();
std::iter::once(name).chain(aliases)
})
}
pub(crate) fn required_graph(&self) -> ChildGraph<Id> {
let mut reqs = ChildGraph::with_capacity(5);
for a in self.args.args().filter(|a| a.is_required_set()) {
reqs.insert(a.id.clone());
}
for group in &self.groups {
if group.required {
let idx = reqs.insert(group.id.clone());
for a in &group.requires {
reqs.insert_child(idx, a.clone());
}
}
}
reqs
}
pub(crate) fn unroll_args_in_group(&self, group: &Id) -> Vec<Id> {
debug!("Command::unroll_args_in_group: group={:?}", group);
let mut g_vec = vec![group];
let mut args = vec![];
while let Some(g) = g_vec.pop() {
for n in self
.groups
.iter()
.find(|grp| grp.id == *g)
.expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG)
.args
.iter()
{
debug!("Command::unroll_args_in_group:iter: entity={:?}", n);
if !args.contains(n) {
if self.find(n).is_some() {
debug!("Command::unroll_args_in_group:iter: this is an arg");
args.push(n.clone())
} else {
debug!("Command::unroll_args_in_group:iter: this is a group");
g_vec.push(n);
}
}
}
}
args
}
pub(crate) fn unroll_arg_requires<F>(&self, func: F, arg: &Id) -> Vec<Id>
where
F: Fn(&(ArgPredicate<'_>, Id)) -> Option<Id>,
{
let mut processed = vec![];
let mut r_vec = vec![arg];
let mut args = vec![];
while let Some(a) = r_vec.pop() {
if processed.contains(&a) {
continue;
}
processed.push(a);
if let Some(arg) = self.find(a) {
for r in arg.requires.iter().filter_map(&func) {
if let Some(req) = self.find(&r) {
if !req.requires.is_empty() {
r_vec.push(&req.id)
}
}
args.push(r);
}
}
}
args
}
/// Find a flag subcommand name by short flag or an alias
pub(crate) fn find_short_subcmd(&self, c: char) -> Option<&str> {
self.get_subcommands()
.find(|sc| sc.short_flag_aliases_to(c))
.map(|sc| sc.get_name())
}
/// Find a flag subcommand name by long flag or an alias
pub(crate) fn find_long_subcmd(&self, long: &str) -> Option<&str> {
self.get_subcommands()
.find(|sc| sc.long_flag_aliases_to(long))
.map(|sc| sc.get_name())
}
pub(crate) fn get_display_order(&self) -> usize {
self.disp_ord.unwrap_or(999)
}
pub(crate) fn write_help_err(
&self,
mut use_long: bool,
stream: Stream,
) -> ClapResult<Colorizer> {
debug!(
"Parser::write_help_err: use_long={:?}, stream={:?}",
use_long && self.use_long_help(),
stream
);
use_long = use_long && self.use_long_help();
let usage = Usage::new(self);
let mut c = Colorizer::new(stream, self.color_help());
Help::new(HelpWriter::Buffer(&mut c), self, &usage, use_long).write_help()?;
Ok(c)
}
pub(crate) fn use_long_help(&self) -> bool {
debug!("Command::use_long_help");
// In this case, both must be checked. This allows the retention of
// original formatting, but also ensures that the actual -h or --help
// specified by the user is sent through. If hide_short_help is not included,
// then items specified with hidden_short_help will also be hidden.
let should_long = |v: &Arg| {
v.long_help.is_some()
|| v.is_hide_long_help_set()
|| v.is_hide_short_help_set()
|| cfg!(feature = "unstable-v4")
&& v.get_possible_values2()
.iter()
.any(PossibleValue::should_show_help)
};
// Subcommands aren't checked because we prefer short help for them, deferring to
// `cmd subcmd --help` for more.
self.get_long_about().is_some()
|| self.get_before_long_help().is_some()
|| self.get_after_long_help().is_some()
|| self.get_arguments().any(should_long)
}
// Should we color the help?
pub(crate) fn color_help(&self) -> ColorChoice {
#[cfg(feature = "color")]
if self.is_disable_colored_help_set() {
return ColorChoice::Never;
}
self.get_color()
}
}
impl<'help> Default for App<'help> {
fn default() -> Self {
Self {
id: Default::default(),
name: Default::default(),
long_flag: Default::default(),
short_flag: Default::default(),
display_name: Default::default(),
bin_name: Default::default(),
author: Default::default(),
version: Default::default(),
long_version: Default::default(),
about: Default::default(),
long_about: Default::default(),
before_help: Default::default(),
before_long_help: Default::default(),
after_help: Default::default(),
after_long_help: Default::default(),
aliases: Default::default(),
short_flag_aliases: Default::default(),
long_flag_aliases: Default::default(),
usage_str: Default::default(),
usage_name: Default::default(),
help_str: Default::default(),
disp_ord: Default::default(),
term_w: Default::default(),
max_w: Default::default(),
template: Default::default(),
settings: Default::default(),
g_settings: Default::default(),
args: Default::default(),
subcommands: Default::default(),
replacers: Default::default(),
groups: Default::default(),
current_help_heading: Default::default(),
current_disp_ord: Some(0),
subcommand_value_name: Default::default(),
subcommand_heading: Default::default(),
}
}
}
impl<'help> Index<&'_ Id> for App<'help> {
type Output = Arg<'help>;
fn index(&self, key: &Id) -> &Self::Output {
self.find(key).expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG)
}
}
impl fmt::Display for App<'_> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "{}", self.name)
}
}
fn two_elements_of<I, T>(mut iter: I) -> Option<(T, T)>
where
I: Iterator<Item = T>,
{
let first = iter.next();
let second = iter.next();
match (first, second) {
(Some(first), Some(second)) => Some((first, second)),
_ => None,
}
}
#[test]
fn check_auto_traits() {
static_assertions::assert_impl_all!(Command: Send, Sync, Unpin);
}