torch/distributions/distribution.py

import torch
from torch.autograd import Variable
import warnings
from torch.distributions import constraints


class Distribution(object):
    r"""
    Distribution is the abstract base class for probability distributions.
    """

    has_rsample = False
    has_enumerate_support = False
    _validate_args = False
    support = None
    arg_constraints = {}

    @staticmethod
    def set_default_validate_args(value):
        if value not in [True, False]:
            raise ValueError
        Distribution._validate_args = value

    def __init__(self, batch_shape=torch.Size(), event_shape=torch.Size(), validate_args=None):
        self._batch_shape = batch_shape
        self._event_shape = event_shape
        if validate_args is not None:
            self._validate_args = validate_args
        if self._validate_args:
            for param, constraint in self.arg_constraints.items():
                if not constraints.is_dependent(constraint):
                    if not constraint.check(self.__getattribute__(param)).all():
                        raise ValueError("The parameter {} has invalid values".format(param))

    @property
    def batch_shape(self):
        """
        Returns the shape over which parameters are batched.
        """
        return self._batch_shape

    @property
    def event_shape(self):
        """
        Returns the shape of a single sample (without batching).
        """
        return self._event_shape

    @property
    def arg_constraints(self):
        """
        Returns a dictionary from argument names to
        :class:`~torch.distributions.constraints.Constraint` objects that
        should be satisfied by each argument of this distribution. Args that
        are not tensors need not appear in this dict.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    @property
    def support(self):
        """
        Returns a :class:`~torch.distributions.constraints.Constraint` object
        representing this distribution's support.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    @property
    def mean(self):
        """
        Returns the mean of the distribution.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    @property
    def variance(self):
        """
        Returns the variance of the distribution.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    @property
    def stddev(self):
        """
        Returns the standard deviation of the distribution.
        """
        return self.variance.sqrt()

    def sample(self, sample_shape=torch.Size()):
        """
        Generates a sample_shape shaped sample or sample_shape shaped batch of
        samples if the distribution parameters are batched.
        """
        with torch.no_grad():
            return self.rsample(sample_shape)

    def rsample(self, sample_shape=torch.Size()):
        """
        Generates a sample_shape shaped reparameterized sample or sample_shape
        shaped batch of reparameterized samples if the distribution parameters
        are batched.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    def sample_n(self, n):
        """
        Generates n samples or n batches of samples if the distribution
        parameters are batched.
        """
        warnings.warn('sample_n will be deprecated. Use .sample((n,)) instead', UserWarning)
        return self.sample(torch.Size((n,)))

    def log_prob(self, value):
        """
        Returns the log of the probability density/mass function evaluated at
        `value`.

        Args:
            value (Tensor):
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    def cdf(self, value):
        """
        Returns the cumulative density/mass function evaluated at
        `value`.

        Args:
            value (Tensor):
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    def icdf(self, value):
        """
        Returns the inverse cumulative density/mass function evaluated at
        `value`.

        Args:
            value (Tensor):
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    def enumerate_support(self):
        """
        Returns tensor containing all values supported by a discrete
        distribution. The result will enumerate over dimension 0, so the shape
        of the result will be `(cardinality,) + batch_shape + event_shape`
        (where `event_shape = ()` for univariate distributions).

        Note that this enumerates over all batched variables in lock-step
        `[[0, 0], [1, 1], ...]`. To iterate over the full Cartesian product
        use `itertools.product(m.enumerate_support())`.

        Returns:
            Tensor iterating over dimension 0.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    def entropy(self):
        """
        Returns entropy of distribution, batched over batch_shape.

        Returns:
            Tensor of shape batch_shape.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    def perplexity(self):
        """
        Returns perplexity of distribution, batched over batch_shape.

        Returns:
            Tensor of shape batch_shape.
        """
        return torch.exp(self.entropy())

    def _extended_shape(self, sample_shape=torch.Size()):
        """
        Returns the size of the sample returned by the distribution, given
        a `sample_shape`. Note, that the batch and event shapes of a distribution
        instance are fixed at the time of construction. If this is empty, the
        returned shape is upcast to (1,).

        Args:
            sample_shape (torch.Size): the size of the sample to be drawn.
        """
        return torch.Size(sample_shape + self._batch_shape + self._event_shape)

    def _validate_sample(self, value):
        """
        Argument validation for distribution methods such as `log_prob`,
        `cdf` and `icdf`. The rightmost dimensions of a value to be
        scored via these methods must agree with the distribution's batch
        and event shapes.

        Args:
            value (Tensor): the tensor whose log probability is to be
                computed by the `log_prob` method.
        Raises
            ValueError: when the rightmost dimensions of `value` do not match the
                distribution's batch and event shapes.
        """
        if not isinstance(value, torch.Tensor):
            raise ValueError('The value argument to log_prob must be a Tensor')

        event_dim_start = len(value.size()) - len(self._event_shape)
        if value.size()[event_dim_start:] != self._event_shape:
            raise ValueError('The right-most size of value must match event_shape: {} vs {}.'.
                             format(value.size(), self._event_shape))

        actual_shape = value.size()
        expected_shape = self._batch_shape + self._event_shape
        for i, j in zip(reversed(actual_shape), reversed(expected_shape)):
            if i != 1 and j != 1 and i != j:
                raise ValueError('Value is not broadcastable with batch_shape+event_shape: {} vs {}.'.
                                 format(actual_shape, expected_shape))

        if not self.support.check(value).all():
            raise ValueError('The value argument must be within the support')

    def __repr__(self):
        return self.__class__.__name__ + '()'