| # Python test set -- part 1, grammar. | 
 | # This just tests whether the parser accepts them all. | 
 |  | 
 | from test.support import check_syntax_error | 
 | from test.support import import_helper | 
 | from test.support.warnings_helper import check_syntax_warning | 
 | import inspect | 
 | import unittest | 
 | import sys | 
 | import warnings | 
 | # testing import * | 
 | from sys import * | 
 |  | 
 | # different import patterns to check that __annotations__ does not interfere | 
 | # with import machinery | 
 | import test.ann_module as ann_module | 
 | import typing | 
 | from collections import ChainMap | 
 | from test import ann_module2 | 
 | import test | 
 |  | 
 | # These are shared with test_tokenize and other test modules. | 
 | # | 
 | # Note: since several test cases filter out floats by looking for "e" and ".", | 
 | # don't add hexadecimal literals that contain "e" or "E". | 
 | VALID_UNDERSCORE_LITERALS = [ | 
 |     '0_0_0', | 
 |     '4_2', | 
 |     '1_0000_0000', | 
 |     '0b1001_0100', | 
 |     '0xffff_ffff', | 
 |     '0o5_7_7', | 
 |     '1_00_00.5', | 
 |     '1_00_00.5e5', | 
 |     '1_00_00e5_1', | 
 |     '1e1_0', | 
 |     '.1_4', | 
 |     '.1_4e1', | 
 |     '0b_0', | 
 |     '0x_f', | 
 |     '0o_5', | 
 |     '1_00_00j', | 
 |     '1_00_00.5j', | 
 |     '1_00_00e5_1j', | 
 |     '.1_4j', | 
 |     '(1_2.5+3_3j)', | 
 |     '(.5_6j)', | 
 | ] | 
 | INVALID_UNDERSCORE_LITERALS = [ | 
 |     # Trailing underscores: | 
 |     '0_', | 
 |     '42_', | 
 |     '1.4j_', | 
 |     '0x_', | 
 |     '0b1_', | 
 |     '0xf_', | 
 |     '0o5_', | 
 |     '0 if 1_Else 1', | 
 |     # Underscores in the base selector: | 
 |     '0_b0', | 
 |     '0_xf', | 
 |     '0_o5', | 
 |     # Old-style octal, still disallowed: | 
 |     '0_7', | 
 |     '09_99', | 
 |     # Multiple consecutive underscores: | 
 |     '4_______2', | 
 |     '0.1__4', | 
 |     '0.1__4j', | 
 |     '0b1001__0100', | 
 |     '0xffff__ffff', | 
 |     '0x___', | 
 |     '0o5__77', | 
 |     '1e1__0', | 
 |     '1e1__0j', | 
 |     # Underscore right before a dot: | 
 |     '1_.4', | 
 |     '1_.4j', | 
 |     # Underscore right after a dot: | 
 |     '1._4', | 
 |     '1._4j', | 
 |     '._5', | 
 |     '._5j', | 
 |     # Underscore right after a sign: | 
 |     '1.0e+_1', | 
 |     '1.0e+_1j', | 
 |     # Underscore right before j: | 
 |     '1.4_j', | 
 |     '1.4e5_j', | 
 |     # Underscore right before e: | 
 |     '1_e1', | 
 |     '1.4_e1', | 
 |     '1.4_e1j', | 
 |     # Underscore right after e: | 
 |     '1e_1', | 
 |     '1.4e_1', | 
 |     '1.4e_1j', | 
 |     # Complex cases with parens: | 
 |     '(1+1.5_j_)', | 
 |     '(1+1.5_j)', | 
 | ] | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | class TokenTests(unittest.TestCase): | 
 |  | 
 |     from test.support import check_syntax_error | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_backslash(self): | 
 |         # Backslash means line continuation: | 
 |         x = 1 \ | 
 |         + 1 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(x, 2, 'backslash for line continuation') | 
 |  | 
 |         # Backslash does not means continuation in comments :\ | 
 |         x = 0 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(x, 0, 'backslash ending comment') | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_plain_integers(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(type(000), type(0)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(0xff, 255) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(0o377, 255) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(2147483647, 0o17777777777) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(0b1001, 9) | 
 |         # "0x" is not a valid literal | 
 |         self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, eval, "0x") | 
 |         from sys import maxsize | 
 |         if maxsize == 2147483647: | 
 |             self.assertEqual(-2147483647-1, -0o20000000000) | 
 |             # XXX -2147483648 | 
 |             self.assertTrue(0o37777777777 > 0) | 
 |             self.assertTrue(0xffffffff > 0) | 
 |             self.assertTrue(0b1111111111111111111111111111111 > 0) | 
 |             for s in ('2147483648', '0o40000000000', '0x100000000', | 
 |                       '0b10000000000000000000000000000000'): | 
 |                 try: | 
 |                     x = eval(s) | 
 |                 except OverflowError: | 
 |                     self.fail("OverflowError on huge integer literal %r" % s) | 
 |         elif maxsize == 9223372036854775807: | 
 |             self.assertEqual(-9223372036854775807-1, -0o1000000000000000000000) | 
 |             self.assertTrue(0o1777777777777777777777 > 0) | 
 |             self.assertTrue(0xffffffffffffffff > 0) | 
 |             self.assertTrue(0b11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 > 0) | 
 |             for s in '9223372036854775808', '0o2000000000000000000000', \ | 
 |                      '0x10000000000000000', \ | 
 |                      '0b100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000': | 
 |                 try: | 
 |                     x = eval(s) | 
 |                 except OverflowError: | 
 |                     self.fail("OverflowError on huge integer literal %r" % s) | 
 |         else: | 
 |             self.fail('Weird maxsize value %r' % maxsize) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_long_integers(self): | 
 |         x = 0 | 
 |         x = 0xffffffffffffffff | 
 |         x = 0Xffffffffffffffff | 
 |         x = 0o77777777777777777 | 
 |         x = 0O77777777777777777 | 
 |         x = 123456789012345678901234567890 | 
 |         x = 0b100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 | 
 |         x = 0B111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_floats(self): | 
 |         x = 3.14 | 
 |         x = 314. | 
 |         x = 0.314 | 
 |         # XXX x = 000.314 | 
 |         x = .314 | 
 |         x = 3e14 | 
 |         x = 3E14 | 
 |         x = 3e-14 | 
 |         x = 3e+14 | 
 |         x = 3.e14 | 
 |         x = .3e14 | 
 |         x = 3.1e4 | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_float_exponent_tokenization(self): | 
 |         # See issue 21642. | 
 |         with warnings.catch_warnings(): | 
 |             warnings.simplefilter('ignore', DeprecationWarning) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(eval("1 if 1else 0"), 1) | 
 |             self.assertEqual(eval("1 if 0else 0"), 0) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, eval, "0 if 1Else 0") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_underscore_literals(self): | 
 |         for lit in VALID_UNDERSCORE_LITERALS: | 
 |             self.assertEqual(eval(lit), eval(lit.replace('_', ''))) | 
 |         for lit in INVALID_UNDERSCORE_LITERALS: | 
 |             self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, eval, lit) | 
 |         # Sanity check: no literal begins with an underscore | 
 |         self.assertRaises(NameError, eval, "_0") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_bad_numerical_literals(self): | 
 |         check = self.check_syntax_error | 
 |         check("0b12", "invalid digit '2' in binary literal") | 
 |         check("0b1_2", "invalid digit '2' in binary literal") | 
 |         check("0b2", "invalid digit '2' in binary literal") | 
 |         check("0b1_", "invalid binary literal") | 
 |         check("0b", "invalid binary literal") | 
 |         check("0o18", "invalid digit '8' in octal literal") | 
 |         check("0o1_8", "invalid digit '8' in octal literal") | 
 |         check("0o8", "invalid digit '8' in octal literal") | 
 |         check("0o1_", "invalid octal literal") | 
 |         check("0o", "invalid octal literal") | 
 |         check("0x1_", "invalid hexadecimal literal") | 
 |         check("0x", "invalid hexadecimal literal") | 
 |         check("1_", "invalid decimal literal") | 
 |         check("012", | 
 |               "leading zeros in decimal integer literals are not permitted; " | 
 |               "use an 0o prefix for octal integers") | 
 |         check("1.2_", "invalid decimal literal") | 
 |         check("1e2_", "invalid decimal literal") | 
 |         check("1e+", "invalid decimal literal") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_end_of_numerical_literals(self): | 
 |         def check(test): | 
 |             with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning): | 
 |                 compile(test, "<testcase>", "eval") | 
 |  | 
 |         def check_error(test): | 
 |             with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w: | 
 |                 with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError): | 
 |                     compile(test, "<testcase>", "eval") | 
 |             self.assertEqual(w,  []) | 
 |  | 
 |         check_error("0xfand x") | 
 |         check("0o7and x") | 
 |         check("0b1and x") | 
 |         check("9and x") | 
 |         check("0and x") | 
 |         check("1.and x") | 
 |         check("1e3and x") | 
 |         check("1jand x") | 
 |  | 
 |         check("0xfor x") | 
 |         check("0o7or x") | 
 |         check("0b1or x") | 
 |         check("9or x") | 
 |         check_error("0or x") | 
 |         check("1.or x") | 
 |         check("1e3or x") | 
 |         check("1jor x") | 
 |  | 
 |         check("0xfin x") | 
 |         check("0o7in x") | 
 |         check("0b1in x") | 
 |         check("9in x") | 
 |         check("0in x") | 
 |         check("1.in x") | 
 |         check("1e3in x") | 
 |         check("1jin x") | 
 |  | 
 |         with warnings.catch_warnings(): | 
 |             warnings.simplefilter('ignore', SyntaxWarning) | 
 |             check("0xfis x") | 
 |             check("0o7is x") | 
 |             check("0b1is x") | 
 |             check("9is x") | 
 |             check("0is x") | 
 |             check("1.is x") | 
 |             check("1e3is x") | 
 |             check("1jis x") | 
 |  | 
 |         check("0xfif x else y") | 
 |         check("0o7if x else y") | 
 |         check("0b1if x else y") | 
 |         check("9if x else y") | 
 |         check("0if x else y") | 
 |         check("1.if x else y") | 
 |         check("1e3if x else y") | 
 |         check("1jif x else y") | 
 |  | 
 |         check_error("x if 0xfelse y") | 
 |         check("x if 0o7else y") | 
 |         check("x if 0b1else y") | 
 |         check("x if 9else y") | 
 |         check("x if 0else y") | 
 |         check("x if 1.else y") | 
 |         check("x if 1e3else y") | 
 |         check("x if 1jelse y") | 
 |  | 
 |         check("[0x1ffor x in ()]") | 
 |         check("[0x1for x in ()]") | 
 |         check("[0xfor x in ()]") | 
 |         check("[0o7for x in ()]") | 
 |         check("[0b1for x in ()]") | 
 |         check("[9for x in ()]") | 
 |         check("[1.for x in ()]") | 
 |         check("[1e3for x in ()]") | 
 |         check("[1jfor x in ()]") | 
 |  | 
 |         check_error("0xfspam") | 
 |         check_error("0o7spam") | 
 |         check_error("0b1spam") | 
 |         check_error("9spam") | 
 |         check_error("0spam") | 
 |         check_error("1.spam") | 
 |         check_error("1e3spam") | 
 |         check_error("1jspam") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_string_literals(self): | 
 |         x = ''; y = ""; self.assertTrue(len(x) == 0 and x == y) | 
 |         x = '\''; y = "'"; self.assertTrue(len(x) == 1 and x == y and ord(x) == 39) | 
 |         x = '"'; y = "\""; self.assertTrue(len(x) == 1 and x == y and ord(x) == 34) | 
 |         x = "doesn't \"shrink\" does it" | 
 |         y = 'doesn\'t "shrink" does it' | 
 |         self.assertTrue(len(x) == 24 and x == y) | 
 |         x = "does \"shrink\" doesn't it" | 
 |         y = 'does "shrink" doesn\'t it' | 
 |         self.assertTrue(len(x) == 24 and x == y) | 
 |         x = """ | 
 | The "quick" | 
 | brown fox | 
 | jumps over | 
 | the 'lazy' dog. | 
 | """ | 
 |         y = '\nThe "quick"\nbrown fox\njumps over\nthe \'lazy\' dog.\n' | 
 |         self.assertEqual(x, y) | 
 |         y = ''' | 
 | The "quick" | 
 | brown fox | 
 | jumps over | 
 | the 'lazy' dog. | 
 | ''' | 
 |         self.assertEqual(x, y) | 
 |         y = "\n\ | 
 | The \"quick\"\n\ | 
 | brown fox\n\ | 
 | jumps over\n\ | 
 | the 'lazy' dog.\n\ | 
 | " | 
 |         self.assertEqual(x, y) | 
 |         y = '\n\ | 
 | The \"quick\"\n\ | 
 | brown fox\n\ | 
 | jumps over\n\ | 
 | the \'lazy\' dog.\n\ | 
 | ' | 
 |         self.assertEqual(x, y) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_ellipsis(self): | 
 |         x = ... | 
 |         self.assertTrue(x is Ellipsis) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, eval, ".. .") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_eof_error(self): | 
 |         samples = ("def foo(", "\ndef foo(", "def foo(\n") | 
 |         for s in samples: | 
 |             with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError) as cm: | 
 |                 compile(s, "<test>", "exec") | 
 |             self.assertIn("was never closed", str(cm.exception)) | 
 |  | 
 | var_annot_global: int # a global annotated is necessary for test_var_annot | 
 |  | 
 | # custom namespace for testing __annotations__ | 
 |  | 
 | class CNS: | 
 |     def __init__(self): | 
 |         self._dct = {} | 
 |     def __setitem__(self, item, value): | 
 |         self._dct[item.lower()] = value | 
 |     def __getitem__(self, item): | 
 |         return self._dct[item] | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | class GrammarTests(unittest.TestCase): | 
 |  | 
 |     from test.support import check_syntax_error | 
 |     from test.support.warnings_helper import check_syntax_warning | 
 |     from test.support.warnings_helper import check_no_warnings | 
 |  | 
 |     # single_input: NEWLINE | simple_stmt | compound_stmt NEWLINE | 
 |     # XXX can't test in a script -- this rule is only used when interactive | 
 |  | 
 |     # file_input: (NEWLINE | stmt)* ENDMARKER | 
 |     # Being tested as this very moment this very module | 
 |  | 
 |     # expr_input: testlist NEWLINE | 
 |     # XXX Hard to test -- used only in calls to input() | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_eval_input(self): | 
 |         # testlist ENDMARKER | 
 |         x = eval('1, 0 or 1') | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_var_annot_basics(self): | 
 |         # all these should be allowed | 
 |         var1: int = 5 | 
 |         var2: [int, str] | 
 |         my_lst = [42] | 
 |         def one(): | 
 |             return 1 | 
 |         int.new_attr: int | 
 |         [list][0]: type | 
 |         my_lst[one()-1]: int = 5 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(my_lst, [5]) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_var_annot_syntax_errors(self): | 
 |         # parser pass | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "def f: int") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "x: int: str") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "def f():\n" | 
 |                                  "    nonlocal x: int\n") | 
 |         # AST pass | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "[x, 0]: int\n") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "f(): int\n") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "(x,): int") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "def f():\n" | 
 |                                  "    (x, y): int = (1, 2)\n") | 
 |         # symtable pass | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "def f():\n" | 
 |                                  "    x: int\n" | 
 |                                  "    global x\n") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "def f():\n" | 
 |                                  "    global x\n" | 
 |                                  "    x: int\n") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_var_annot_basic_semantics(self): | 
 |         # execution order | 
 |         with self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError): | 
 |             no_name[does_not_exist]: no_name_again = 1/0 | 
 |         with self.assertRaises(NameError): | 
 |             no_name[does_not_exist]: 1/0 = 0 | 
 |         global var_annot_global | 
 |  | 
 |         # function semantics | 
 |         def f(): | 
 |             st: str = "Hello" | 
 |             a.b: int = (1, 2) | 
 |             return st | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f.__annotations__, {}) | 
 |         def f_OK(): | 
 |             x: 1/0 | 
 |         f_OK() | 
 |         def fbad(): | 
 |             x: int | 
 |             print(x) | 
 |         with self.assertRaises(UnboundLocalError): | 
 |             fbad() | 
 |         def f2bad(): | 
 |             (no_such_global): int | 
 |             print(no_such_global) | 
 |         try: | 
 |             f2bad() | 
 |         except Exception as e: | 
 |             self.assertIs(type(e), NameError) | 
 |  | 
 |         # class semantics | 
 |         class C: | 
 |             __foo: int | 
 |             s: str = "attr" | 
 |             z = 2 | 
 |             def __init__(self, x): | 
 |                 self.x: int = x | 
 |         self.assertEqual(C.__annotations__, {'_C__foo': int, 's': str}) | 
 |         with self.assertRaises(NameError): | 
 |             class CBad: | 
 |                 no_such_name_defined.attr: int = 0 | 
 |         with self.assertRaises(NameError): | 
 |             class Cbad2(C): | 
 |                 x: int | 
 |                 x.y: list = [] | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_var_annot_metaclass_semantics(self): | 
 |         class CMeta(type): | 
 |             @classmethod | 
 |             def __prepare__(metacls, name, bases, **kwds): | 
 |                 return {'__annotations__': CNS()} | 
 |         class CC(metaclass=CMeta): | 
 |             XX: 'ANNOT' | 
 |         self.assertEqual(CC.__annotations__['xx'], 'ANNOT') | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_var_annot_module_semantics(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(test.__annotations__, {}) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ann_module.__annotations__, | 
 |                      {1: 2, 'x': int, 'y': str, 'f': typing.Tuple[int, int], 'u': int | float}) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ann_module.M.__annotations__, | 
 |                               {'123': 123, 'o': type}) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ann_module2.__annotations__, {}) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_var_annot_in_module(self): | 
 |         # check that functions fail the same way when executed | 
 |         # outside of module where they were defined | 
 |         ann_module3 = import_helper.import_fresh_module("test.ann_module3") | 
 |         with self.assertRaises(NameError): | 
 |             ann_module3.f_bad_ann() | 
 |         with self.assertRaises(NameError): | 
 |             ann_module3.g_bad_ann() | 
 |         with self.assertRaises(NameError): | 
 |             ann_module3.D_bad_ann(5) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_var_annot_simple_exec(self): | 
 |         gns = {}; lns= {} | 
 |         exec("'docstring'\n" | 
 |              "__annotations__[1] = 2\n" | 
 |              "x: int = 5\n", gns, lns) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(lns["__annotations__"], {1: 2, 'x': int}) | 
 |         with self.assertRaises(KeyError): | 
 |             gns['__annotations__'] | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_var_annot_custom_maps(self): | 
 |         # tests with custom locals() and __annotations__ | 
 |         ns = {'__annotations__': CNS()} | 
 |         exec('X: int; Z: str = "Z"; (w): complex = 1j', ns) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ns['__annotations__']['x'], int) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ns['__annotations__']['z'], str) | 
 |         with self.assertRaises(KeyError): | 
 |             ns['__annotations__']['w'] | 
 |         nonloc_ns = {} | 
 |         class CNS2: | 
 |             def __init__(self): | 
 |                 self._dct = {} | 
 |             def __setitem__(self, item, value): | 
 |                 nonlocal nonloc_ns | 
 |                 self._dct[item] = value | 
 |                 nonloc_ns[item] = value | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, item): | 
 |                 return self._dct[item] | 
 |         exec('x: int = 1', {}, CNS2()) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(nonloc_ns['__annotations__']['x'], int) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_var_annot_refleak(self): | 
 |         # complex case: custom locals plus custom __annotations__ | 
 |         # this was causing refleak | 
 |         cns = CNS() | 
 |         nonloc_ns = {'__annotations__': cns} | 
 |         class CNS2: | 
 |             def __init__(self): | 
 |                 self._dct = {'__annotations__': cns} | 
 |             def __setitem__(self, item, value): | 
 |                 nonlocal nonloc_ns | 
 |                 self._dct[item] = value | 
 |                 nonloc_ns[item] = value | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, item): | 
 |                 return self._dct[item] | 
 |         exec('X: str', {}, CNS2()) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(nonloc_ns['__annotations__']['x'], str) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_var_annot_rhs(self): | 
 |         ns = {} | 
 |         exec('x: tuple = 1, 2', ns) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ns['x'], (1, 2)) | 
 |         stmt = ('def f():\n' | 
 |                 '    x: int = yield') | 
 |         exec(stmt, ns) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(ns['f']()), [None]) | 
 |  | 
 |         ns = {"a": 1, 'b': (2, 3, 4), "c":5, "Tuple": typing.Tuple} | 
 |         exec('x: Tuple[int, ...] = a,*b,c', ns) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(ns['x'], (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_funcdef(self): | 
 |         ### [decorators] 'def' NAME parameters ['->' test] ':' suite | 
 |         ### decorator: '@' namedexpr_test NEWLINE | 
 |         ### decorators: decorator+ | 
 |         ### parameters: '(' [typedargslist] ')' | 
 |         ### typedargslist: ((tfpdef ['=' test] ',')* | 
 |         ###                ('*' [tfpdef] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* [',' '**' tfpdef] | '**' tfpdef) | 
 |         ###                | tfpdef ['=' test] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* [',']) | 
 |         ### tfpdef: NAME [':' test] | 
 |         ### varargslist: ((vfpdef ['=' test] ',')* | 
 |         ###              ('*' [vfpdef] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])*  [',' '**' vfpdef] | '**' vfpdef) | 
 |         ###              | vfpdef ['=' test] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',']) | 
 |         ### vfpdef: NAME | 
 |         def f1(): pass | 
 |         f1() | 
 |         f1(*()) | 
 |         f1(*(), **{}) | 
 |         def f2(one_argument): pass | 
 |         def f3(two, arguments): pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f2.__code__.co_varnames, ('one_argument',)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f3.__code__.co_varnames, ('two', 'arguments')) | 
 |         def a1(one_arg,): pass | 
 |         def a2(two, args,): pass | 
 |         def v0(*rest): pass | 
 |         def v1(a, *rest): pass | 
 |         def v2(a, b, *rest): pass | 
 |  | 
 |         f1() | 
 |         f2(1) | 
 |         f2(1,) | 
 |         f3(1, 2) | 
 |         f3(1, 2,) | 
 |         v0() | 
 |         v0(1) | 
 |         v0(1,) | 
 |         v0(1,2) | 
 |         v0(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0) | 
 |         v1(1) | 
 |         v1(1,) | 
 |         v1(1,2) | 
 |         v1(1,2,3) | 
 |         v1(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0) | 
 |         v2(1,2) | 
 |         v2(1,2,3) | 
 |         v2(1,2,3,4) | 
 |         v2(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0) | 
 |  | 
 |         def d01(a=1): pass | 
 |         d01() | 
 |         d01(1) | 
 |         d01(*(1,)) | 
 |         d01(*[] or [2]) | 
 |         d01(*() or (), *{} and (), **() or {}) | 
 |         d01(**{'a':2}) | 
 |         d01(**{'a':2} or {}) | 
 |         def d11(a, b=1): pass | 
 |         d11(1) | 
 |         d11(1, 2) | 
 |         d11(1, **{'b':2}) | 
 |         def d21(a, b, c=1): pass | 
 |         d21(1, 2) | 
 |         d21(1, 2, 3) | 
 |         d21(*(1, 2, 3)) | 
 |         d21(1, *(2, 3)) | 
 |         d21(1, 2, *(3,)) | 
 |         d21(1, 2, **{'c':3}) | 
 |         def d02(a=1, b=2): pass | 
 |         d02() | 
 |         d02(1) | 
 |         d02(1, 2) | 
 |         d02(*(1, 2)) | 
 |         d02(1, *(2,)) | 
 |         d02(1, **{'b':2}) | 
 |         d02(**{'a': 1, 'b': 2}) | 
 |         def d12(a, b=1, c=2): pass | 
 |         d12(1) | 
 |         d12(1, 2) | 
 |         d12(1, 2, 3) | 
 |         def d22(a, b, c=1, d=2): pass | 
 |         d22(1, 2) | 
 |         d22(1, 2, 3) | 
 |         d22(1, 2, 3, 4) | 
 |         def d01v(a=1, *rest): pass | 
 |         d01v() | 
 |         d01v(1) | 
 |         d01v(1, 2) | 
 |         d01v(*(1, 2, 3, 4)) | 
 |         d01v(*(1,)) | 
 |         d01v(**{'a':2}) | 
 |         def d11v(a, b=1, *rest): pass | 
 |         d11v(1) | 
 |         d11v(1, 2) | 
 |         d11v(1, 2, 3) | 
 |         def d21v(a, b, c=1, *rest): pass | 
 |         d21v(1, 2) | 
 |         d21v(1, 2, 3) | 
 |         d21v(1, 2, 3, 4) | 
 |         d21v(*(1, 2, 3, 4)) | 
 |         d21v(1, 2, **{'c': 3}) | 
 |         def d02v(a=1, b=2, *rest): pass | 
 |         d02v() | 
 |         d02v(1) | 
 |         d02v(1, 2) | 
 |         d02v(1, 2, 3) | 
 |         d02v(1, *(2, 3, 4)) | 
 |         d02v(**{'a': 1, 'b': 2}) | 
 |         def d12v(a, b=1, c=2, *rest): pass | 
 |         d12v(1) | 
 |         d12v(1, 2) | 
 |         d12v(1, 2, 3) | 
 |         d12v(1, 2, 3, 4) | 
 |         d12v(*(1, 2, 3, 4)) | 
 |         d12v(1, 2, *(3, 4, 5)) | 
 |         d12v(1, *(2,), **{'c': 3}) | 
 |         def d22v(a, b, c=1, d=2, *rest): pass | 
 |         d22v(1, 2) | 
 |         d22v(1, 2, 3) | 
 |         d22v(1, 2, 3, 4) | 
 |         d22v(1, 2, 3, 4, 5) | 
 |         d22v(*(1, 2, 3, 4)) | 
 |         d22v(1, 2, *(3, 4, 5)) | 
 |         d22v(1, *(2, 3), **{'d': 4}) | 
 |  | 
 |         # keyword argument type tests | 
 |         with warnings.catch_warnings(): | 
 |             warnings.simplefilter('ignore', BytesWarning) | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 str('x', **{b'foo':1 }) | 
 |             except TypeError: | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             else: | 
 |                 self.fail('Bytes should not work as keyword argument names') | 
 |         # keyword only argument tests | 
 |         def pos0key1(*, key): return key | 
 |         pos0key1(key=100) | 
 |         def pos2key2(p1, p2, *, k1, k2=100): return p1,p2,k1,k2 | 
 |         pos2key2(1, 2, k1=100) | 
 |         pos2key2(1, 2, k1=100, k2=200) | 
 |         pos2key2(1, 2, k2=100, k1=200) | 
 |         def pos2key2dict(p1, p2, *, k1=100, k2, **kwarg): return p1,p2,k1,k2,kwarg | 
 |         pos2key2dict(1,2,k2=100,tokwarg1=100,tokwarg2=200) | 
 |         pos2key2dict(1,2,tokwarg1=100,tokwarg2=200, k2=100) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, eval, "def f(*): pass") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, eval, "def f(*,): pass") | 
 |         self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, eval, "def f(*, **kwds): pass") | 
 |  | 
 |         # keyword arguments after *arglist | 
 |         def f(*args, **kwargs): | 
 |             return args, kwargs | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f(1, x=2, *[3, 4], y=5), ((1, 3, 4), | 
 |                                                     {'x':2, 'y':5})) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f(1, *(2,3), 4), ((1, 2, 3, 4), {})) | 
 |         self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, eval, "f(1, x=2, *(3,4), x=5)") | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f(**{'eggs':'scrambled', 'spam':'fried'}), | 
 |                          ((), {'eggs':'scrambled', 'spam':'fried'})) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f(spam='fried', **{'eggs':'scrambled'}), | 
 |                          ((), {'eggs':'scrambled', 'spam':'fried'})) | 
 |  | 
 |         # Check ast errors in *args and *kwargs | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "f(*g(1=2))") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "f(**g(1=2))") | 
 |  | 
 |         # argument annotation tests | 
 |         def f(x) -> list: pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f.__annotations__, {'return': list}) | 
 |         def f(x: int): pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f.__annotations__, {'x': int}) | 
 |         def f(x: int, /): pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f.__annotations__, {'x': int}) | 
 |         def f(x: int = 34, /): pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f.__annotations__, {'x': int}) | 
 |         def f(*x: str): pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f.__annotations__, {'x': str}) | 
 |         def f(**x: float): pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f.__annotations__, {'x': float}) | 
 |         def f(x, y: 1+2): pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f.__annotations__, {'y': 3}) | 
 |         def f(x, y: 1+2, /): pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f.__annotations__, {'y': 3}) | 
 |         def f(a, b: 1, c: 2, d): pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f.__annotations__, {'b': 1, 'c': 2}) | 
 |         def f(a, b: 1, /, c: 2, d): pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f.__annotations__, {'b': 1, 'c': 2}) | 
 |         def f(a, b: 1, c: 2, d, e: 3 = 4, f=5, *g: 6): pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f.__annotations__, | 
 |                          {'b': 1, 'c': 2, 'e': 3, 'g': 6}) | 
 |         def f(a, b: 1, c: 2, d, e: 3 = 4, f=5, *g: 6, h: 7, i=8, j: 9 = 10, | 
 |               **k: 11) -> 12: pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f.__annotations__, | 
 |                          {'b': 1, 'c': 2, 'e': 3, 'g': 6, 'h': 7, 'j': 9, | 
 |                           'k': 11, 'return': 12}) | 
 |         def f(a, b: 1, c: 2, d, e: 3 = 4, f: int = 5, /, *g: 6, h: 7, i=8, j: 9 = 10, | 
 |               **k: 11) -> 12: pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f.__annotations__, | 
 |                           {'b': 1, 'c': 2, 'e': 3, 'f': int, 'g': 6, 'h': 7, 'j': 9, | 
 |                            'k': 11, 'return': 12}) | 
 |         # Check for issue #20625 -- annotations mangling | 
 |         class Spam: | 
 |             def f(self, *, __kw: 1): | 
 |                 pass | 
 |         class Ham(Spam): pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(Spam.f.__annotations__, {'_Spam__kw': 1}) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(Ham.f.__annotations__, {'_Spam__kw': 1}) | 
 |         # Check for SF Bug #1697248 - mixing decorators and a return annotation | 
 |         def null(x): return x | 
 |         @null | 
 |         def f(x) -> list: pass | 
 |         self.assertEqual(f.__annotations__, {'return': list}) | 
 |  | 
 |         # Test expressions as decorators (PEP 614): | 
 |         @False or null | 
 |         def f(x): pass | 
 |         @d := null | 
 |         def f(x): pass | 
 |         @lambda f: null(f) | 
 |         def f(x): pass | 
 |         @[..., null, ...][1] | 
 |         def f(x): pass | 
 |         @null(null)(null) | 
 |         def f(x): pass | 
 |         @[null][0].__call__.__call__ | 
 |         def f(x): pass | 
 |  | 
 |         # test closures with a variety of opargs | 
 |         closure = 1 | 
 |         def f(): return closure | 
 |         def f(x=1): return closure | 
 |         def f(*, k=1): return closure | 
 |         def f() -> int: return closure | 
 |  | 
 |         # Check trailing commas are permitted in funcdef argument list | 
 |         def f(a,): pass | 
 |         def f(*args,): pass | 
 |         def f(**kwds,): pass | 
 |         def f(a, *args,): pass | 
 |         def f(a, **kwds,): pass | 
 |         def f(*args, b,): pass | 
 |         def f(*, b,): pass | 
 |         def f(*args, **kwds,): pass | 
 |         def f(a, *args, b,): pass | 
 |         def f(a, *, b,): pass | 
 |         def f(a, *args, **kwds,): pass | 
 |         def f(*args, b, **kwds,): pass | 
 |         def f(*, b, **kwds,): pass | 
 |         def f(a, *args, b, **kwds,): pass | 
 |         def f(a, *, b, **kwds,): pass | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_lambdef(self): | 
 |         ### lambdef: 'lambda' [varargslist] ':' test | 
 |         l1 = lambda : 0 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(l1(), 0) | 
 |         l2 = lambda : a[d] # XXX just testing the expression | 
 |         l3 = lambda : [2 < x for x in [-1, 3, 0]] | 
 |         self.assertEqual(l3(), [0, 1, 0]) | 
 |         l4 = lambda x = lambda y = lambda z=1 : z : y() : x() | 
 |         self.assertEqual(l4(), 1) | 
 |         l5 = lambda x, y, z=2: x + y + z | 
 |         self.assertEqual(l5(1, 2), 5) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(l5(1, 2, 3), 6) | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "lambda x: x = 2") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "lambda (None,): None") | 
 |         l6 = lambda x, y, *, k=20: x+y+k | 
 |         self.assertEqual(l6(1,2), 1+2+20) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(l6(1,2,k=10), 1+2+10) | 
 |  | 
 |         # check that trailing commas are permitted | 
 |         l10 = lambda a,: 0 | 
 |         l11 = lambda *args,: 0 | 
 |         l12 = lambda **kwds,: 0 | 
 |         l13 = lambda a, *args,: 0 | 
 |         l14 = lambda a, **kwds,: 0 | 
 |         l15 = lambda *args, b,: 0 | 
 |         l16 = lambda *, b,: 0 | 
 |         l17 = lambda *args, **kwds,: 0 | 
 |         l18 = lambda a, *args, b,: 0 | 
 |         l19 = lambda a, *, b,: 0 | 
 |         l20 = lambda a, *args, **kwds,: 0 | 
 |         l21 = lambda *args, b, **kwds,: 0 | 
 |         l22 = lambda *, b, **kwds,: 0 | 
 |         l23 = lambda a, *args, b, **kwds,: 0 | 
 |         l24 = lambda a, *, b, **kwds,: 0 | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 |     ### stmt: simple_stmt | compound_stmt | 
 |     # Tested below | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_simple_stmt(self): | 
 |         ### simple_stmt: small_stmt (';' small_stmt)* [';'] | 
 |         x = 1; pass; del x | 
 |         def foo(): | 
 |             # verify statements that end with semi-colons | 
 |             x = 1; pass; del x; | 
 |         foo() | 
 |  | 
 |     ### small_stmt: expr_stmt | pass_stmt | del_stmt | flow_stmt | import_stmt | global_stmt | access_stmt | 
 |     # Tested below | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_expr_stmt(self): | 
 |         # (exprlist '=')* exprlist | 
 |         1 | 
 |         1, 2, 3 | 
 |         x = 1 | 
 |         x = 1, 2, 3 | 
 |         x = y = z = 1, 2, 3 | 
 |         x, y, z = 1, 2, 3 | 
 |         abc = a, b, c = x, y, z = xyz = 1, 2, (3, 4) | 
 |  | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "x + 1 = 1") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "a + 1 = b + 2") | 
 |  | 
 |     # Check the heuristic for print & exec covers significant cases | 
 |     # As well as placing some limits on false positives | 
 |     def test_former_statements_refer_to_builtins(self): | 
 |         keywords = "print", "exec" | 
 |         # Cases where we want the custom error | 
 |         cases = [ | 
 |             "{} foo", | 
 |             "{} {{1:foo}}", | 
 |             "if 1: {} foo", | 
 |             "if 1: {} {{1:foo}}", | 
 |             "if 1:\n    {} foo", | 
 |             "if 1:\n    {} {{1:foo}}", | 
 |         ] | 
 |         for keyword in keywords: | 
 |             custom_msg = "call to '{}'".format(keyword) | 
 |             for case in cases: | 
 |                 source = case.format(keyword) | 
 |                 with self.subTest(source=source): | 
 |                     with self.assertRaisesRegex(SyntaxError, custom_msg): | 
 |                         exec(source) | 
 |                 source = source.replace("foo", "(foo.)") | 
 |                 with self.subTest(source=source): | 
 |                     with self.assertRaisesRegex(SyntaxError, "invalid syntax"): | 
 |                         exec(source) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_del_stmt(self): | 
 |         # 'del' exprlist | 
 |         abc = [1,2,3] | 
 |         x, y, z = abc | 
 |         xyz = x, y, z | 
 |  | 
 |         del abc | 
 |         del x, y, (z, xyz) | 
 |  | 
 |         x, y, z = "xyz" | 
 |         del x | 
 |         del y, | 
 |         del (z) | 
 |         del () | 
 |  | 
 |         a, b, c, d, e, f, g = "abcdefg" | 
 |         del a, (b, c), (d, (e, f)) | 
 |  | 
 |         a, b, c, d, e, f, g = "abcdefg" | 
 |         del a, [b, c], (d, [e, f]) | 
 |  | 
 |         abcd = list("abcd") | 
 |         del abcd[1:2] | 
 |  | 
 |         compile("del a, (b[0].c, (d.e, f.g[1:2])), [h.i.j], ()", "<testcase>", "exec") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_pass_stmt(self): | 
 |         # 'pass' | 
 |         pass | 
 |  | 
 |     # flow_stmt: break_stmt | continue_stmt | return_stmt | raise_stmt | 
 |     # Tested below | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_break_stmt(self): | 
 |         # 'break' | 
 |         while 1: break | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_continue_stmt(self): | 
 |         # 'continue' | 
 |         i = 1 | 
 |         while i: i = 0; continue | 
 |  | 
 |         msg = "" | 
 |         while not msg: | 
 |             msg = "ok" | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 continue | 
 |                 msg = "continue failed to continue inside try" | 
 |             except: | 
 |                 msg = "continue inside try called except block" | 
 |         if msg != "ok": | 
 |             self.fail(msg) | 
 |  | 
 |         msg = "" | 
 |         while not msg: | 
 |             msg = "finally block not called" | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 continue | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 msg = "ok" | 
 |         if msg != "ok": | 
 |             self.fail(msg) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_break_continue_loop(self): | 
 |         # This test warrants an explanation. It is a test specifically for SF bugs | 
 |         # #463359 and #462937. The bug is that a 'break' statement executed or | 
 |         # exception raised inside a try/except inside a loop, *after* a continue | 
 |         # statement has been executed in that loop, will cause the wrong number of | 
 |         # arguments to be popped off the stack and the instruction pointer reset to | 
 |         # a very small number (usually 0.) Because of this, the following test | 
 |         # *must* written as a function, and the tracking vars *must* be function | 
 |         # arguments with default values. Otherwise, the test will loop and loop. | 
 |  | 
 |         def test_inner(extra_burning_oil = 1, count=0): | 
 |             big_hippo = 2 | 
 |             while big_hippo: | 
 |                 count += 1 | 
 |                 try: | 
 |                     if extra_burning_oil and big_hippo == 1: | 
 |                         extra_burning_oil -= 1 | 
 |                         break | 
 |                     big_hippo -= 1 | 
 |                     continue | 
 |                 except: | 
 |                     raise | 
 |             if count > 2 or big_hippo != 1: | 
 |                 self.fail("continue then break in try/except in loop broken!") | 
 |         test_inner() | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_return(self): | 
 |         # 'return' [testlist_star_expr] | 
 |         def g1(): return | 
 |         def g2(): return 1 | 
 |         def g3(): | 
 |             z = [2, 3] | 
 |             return 1, *z | 
 |  | 
 |         g1() | 
 |         x = g2() | 
 |         y = g3() | 
 |         self.assertEqual(y, (1, 2, 3), "unparenthesized star expr return") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "class foo:return 1") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_break_in_finally(self): | 
 |         count = 0 | 
 |         while count < 2: | 
 |             count += 1 | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 break | 
 |         self.assertEqual(count, 1) | 
 |  | 
 |         count = 0 | 
 |         while count < 2: | 
 |             count += 1 | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 continue | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 break | 
 |         self.assertEqual(count, 1) | 
 |  | 
 |         count = 0 | 
 |         while count < 2: | 
 |             count += 1 | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 1/0 | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 break | 
 |         self.assertEqual(count, 1) | 
 |  | 
 |         for count in [0, 1]: | 
 |             self.assertEqual(count, 0) | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 break | 
 |         self.assertEqual(count, 0) | 
 |  | 
 |         for count in [0, 1]: | 
 |             self.assertEqual(count, 0) | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 continue | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 break | 
 |         self.assertEqual(count, 0) | 
 |  | 
 |         for count in [0, 1]: | 
 |             self.assertEqual(count, 0) | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 1/0 | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 break | 
 |         self.assertEqual(count, 0) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_continue_in_finally(self): | 
 |         count = 0 | 
 |         while count < 2: | 
 |             count += 1 | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 continue | 
 |             break | 
 |         self.assertEqual(count, 2) | 
 |  | 
 |         count = 0 | 
 |         while count < 2: | 
 |             count += 1 | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 break | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 continue | 
 |         self.assertEqual(count, 2) | 
 |  | 
 |         count = 0 | 
 |         while count < 2: | 
 |             count += 1 | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 1/0 | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 continue | 
 |             break | 
 |         self.assertEqual(count, 2) | 
 |  | 
 |         for count in [0, 1]: | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 continue | 
 |             break | 
 |         self.assertEqual(count, 1) | 
 |  | 
 |         for count in [0, 1]: | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 break | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 continue | 
 |         self.assertEqual(count, 1) | 
 |  | 
 |         for count in [0, 1]: | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 1/0 | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 continue | 
 |             break | 
 |         self.assertEqual(count, 1) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_return_in_finally(self): | 
 |         def g1(): | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 return 1 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(g1(), 1) | 
 |  | 
 |         def g2(): | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 return 2 | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 return 3 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(g2(), 3) | 
 |  | 
 |         def g3(): | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 1/0 | 
 |             finally: | 
 |                 return 4 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(g3(), 4) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_break_in_finally_after_return(self): | 
 |         # See issue #37830 | 
 |         def g1(x): | 
 |             for count in [0, 1]: | 
 |                 count2 = 0 | 
 |                 while count2 < 20: | 
 |                     count2 += 10 | 
 |                     try: | 
 |                         return count + count2 | 
 |                     finally: | 
 |                         if x: | 
 |                             break | 
 |             return 'end', count, count2 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(g1(False), 10) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(g1(True), ('end', 1, 10)) | 
 |  | 
 |         def g2(x): | 
 |             for count in [0, 1]: | 
 |                 for count2 in [10, 20]: | 
 |                     try: | 
 |                         return count + count2 | 
 |                     finally: | 
 |                         if x: | 
 |                             break | 
 |             return 'end', count, count2 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(g2(False), 10) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(g2(True), ('end', 1, 10)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_continue_in_finally_after_return(self): | 
 |         # See issue #37830 | 
 |         def g1(x): | 
 |             count = 0 | 
 |             while count < 100: | 
 |                 count += 1 | 
 |                 try: | 
 |                     return count | 
 |                 finally: | 
 |                     if x: | 
 |                         continue | 
 |             return 'end', count | 
 |         self.assertEqual(g1(False), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(g1(True), ('end', 100)) | 
 |  | 
 |         def g2(x): | 
 |             for count in [0, 1]: | 
 |                 try: | 
 |                     return count | 
 |                 finally: | 
 |                     if x: | 
 |                         continue | 
 |             return 'end', count | 
 |         self.assertEqual(g2(False), 0) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(g2(True), ('end', 1)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_yield(self): | 
 |         # Allowed as standalone statement | 
 |         def g(): yield 1 | 
 |         def g(): yield from () | 
 |         # Allowed as RHS of assignment | 
 |         def g(): x = yield 1 | 
 |         def g(): x = yield from () | 
 |         # Ordinary yield accepts implicit tuples | 
 |         def g(): yield 1, 1 | 
 |         def g(): x = yield 1, 1 | 
 |         # 'yield from' does not | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "def g(): yield from (), 1") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "def g(): x = yield from (), 1") | 
 |         # Requires parentheses as subexpression | 
 |         def g(): 1, (yield 1) | 
 |         def g(): 1, (yield from ()) | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "def g(): 1, yield 1") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "def g(): 1, yield from ()") | 
 |         # Requires parentheses as call argument | 
 |         def g(): f((yield 1)) | 
 |         def g(): f((yield 1), 1) | 
 |         def g(): f((yield from ())) | 
 |         def g(): f((yield from ()), 1) | 
 |         # Do not require parenthesis for tuple unpacking | 
 |         def g(): rest = 4, 5, 6; yield 1, 2, 3, *rest | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(g()), [(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)]) | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "def g(): f(yield 1)") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "def g(): f(yield 1, 1)") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "def g(): f(yield from ())") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "def g(): f(yield from (), 1)") | 
 |         # Not allowed at top level | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "yield") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "yield from") | 
 |         # Not allowed at class scope | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "class foo:yield 1") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "class foo:yield from ()") | 
 |         # Check annotation refleak on SyntaxError | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "def g(a:(yield)): pass") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_yield_in_comprehensions(self): | 
 |         # Check yield in comprehensions | 
 |         def g(): [x for x in [(yield 1)]] | 
 |         def g(): [x for x in [(yield from ())]] | 
 |  | 
 |         check = self.check_syntax_error | 
 |         check("def g(): [(yield x) for x in ()]", | 
 |               "'yield' inside list comprehension") | 
 |         check("def g(): [x for x in () if not (yield x)]", | 
 |               "'yield' inside list comprehension") | 
 |         check("def g(): [y for x in () for y in [(yield x)]]", | 
 |               "'yield' inside list comprehension") | 
 |         check("def g(): {(yield x) for x in ()}", | 
 |               "'yield' inside set comprehension") | 
 |         check("def g(): {(yield x): x for x in ()}", | 
 |               "'yield' inside dict comprehension") | 
 |         check("def g(): {x: (yield x) for x in ()}", | 
 |               "'yield' inside dict comprehension") | 
 |         check("def g(): ((yield x) for x in ())", | 
 |               "'yield' inside generator expression") | 
 |         check("def g(): [(yield from x) for x in ()]", | 
 |               "'yield' inside list comprehension") | 
 |         check("class C: [(yield x) for x in ()]", | 
 |               "'yield' inside list comprehension") | 
 |         check("[(yield x) for x in ()]", | 
 |               "'yield' inside list comprehension") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_raise(self): | 
 |         # 'raise' test [',' test] | 
 |         try: raise RuntimeError('just testing') | 
 |         except RuntimeError: pass | 
 |         try: raise KeyboardInterrupt | 
 |         except KeyboardInterrupt: pass | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_import(self): | 
 |         # 'import' dotted_as_names | 
 |         import sys | 
 |         import time, sys | 
 |         # 'from' dotted_name 'import' ('*' | '(' import_as_names ')' | import_as_names) | 
 |         from time import time | 
 |         from time import (time) | 
 |         # not testable inside a function, but already done at top of the module | 
 |         # from sys import * | 
 |         from sys import path, argv | 
 |         from sys import (path, argv) | 
 |         from sys import (path, argv,) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_global(self): | 
 |         # 'global' NAME (',' NAME)* | 
 |         global a | 
 |         global a, b | 
 |         global one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_nonlocal(self): | 
 |         # 'nonlocal' NAME (',' NAME)* | 
 |         x = 0 | 
 |         y = 0 | 
 |         def f(): | 
 |             nonlocal x | 
 |             nonlocal x, y | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_assert(self): | 
 |         # assertTruestmt: 'assert' test [',' test] | 
 |         assert 1 | 
 |         assert 1, 1 | 
 |         assert lambda x:x | 
 |         assert 1, lambda x:x+1 | 
 |  | 
 |         try: | 
 |             assert True | 
 |         except AssertionError as e: | 
 |             self.fail("'assert True' should not have raised an AssertionError") | 
 |  | 
 |         try: | 
 |             assert True, 'this should always pass' | 
 |         except AssertionError as e: | 
 |             self.fail("'assert True, msg' should not have " | 
 |                       "raised an AssertionError") | 
 |  | 
 |     # these tests fail if python is run with -O, so check __debug__ | 
 |     @unittest.skipUnless(__debug__, "Won't work if __debug__ is False") | 
 |     def test_assert_failures(self): | 
 |         try: | 
 |             assert 0, "msg" | 
 |         except AssertionError as e: | 
 |             self.assertEqual(e.args[0], "msg") | 
 |         else: | 
 |             self.fail("AssertionError not raised by assert 0") | 
 |  | 
 |         try: | 
 |             assert False | 
 |         except AssertionError as e: | 
 |             self.assertEqual(len(e.args), 0) | 
 |         else: | 
 |             self.fail("AssertionError not raised by 'assert False'") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_assert_syntax_warnings(self): | 
 |         # Ensure that we warn users if they provide a non-zero length tuple as | 
 |         # the assertion test. | 
 |         self.check_syntax_warning('assert(x, "msg")', | 
 |                                   'assertion is always true') | 
 |         self.check_syntax_warning('assert(False, "msg")', | 
 |                                   'assertion is always true') | 
 |         self.check_syntax_warning('assert(False,)', | 
 |                                   'assertion is always true') | 
 |  | 
 |         with self.check_no_warnings(category=SyntaxWarning): | 
 |             compile('assert x, "msg"', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |             compile('assert False, "msg"', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_assert_warning_promotes_to_syntax_error(self): | 
 |         # If SyntaxWarning is configured to be an error, it actually raises a | 
 |         # SyntaxError. | 
 |         # https://bugs.python.org/issue35029 | 
 |         with warnings.catch_warnings(): | 
 |             warnings.simplefilter('error', SyntaxWarning) | 
 |             try: | 
 |                 compile('assert x, "msg" ', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |             except SyntaxError: | 
 |                 self.fail('SyntaxError incorrectly raised for \'assert x, "msg"\'') | 
 |             with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError): | 
 |                 compile('assert(x, "msg")', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |             with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError): | 
 |                 compile('assert(False, "msg")', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |             with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError): | 
 |                 compile('assert(False,)', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 |     ### compound_stmt: if_stmt | while_stmt | for_stmt | try_stmt | funcdef | classdef | 
 |     # Tested below | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_if(self): | 
 |         # 'if' test ':' suite ('elif' test ':' suite)* ['else' ':' suite] | 
 |         if 1: pass | 
 |         if 1: pass | 
 |         else: pass | 
 |         if 0: pass | 
 |         elif 0: pass | 
 |         if 0: pass | 
 |         elif 0: pass | 
 |         elif 0: pass | 
 |         elif 0: pass | 
 |         else: pass | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_while(self): | 
 |         # 'while' test ':' suite ['else' ':' suite] | 
 |         while 0: pass | 
 |         while 0: pass | 
 |         else: pass | 
 |  | 
 |         # Issue1920: "while 0" is optimized away, | 
 |         # ensure that the "else" clause is still present. | 
 |         x = 0 | 
 |         while 0: | 
 |             x = 1 | 
 |         else: | 
 |             x = 2 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(x, 2) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_for(self): | 
 |         # 'for' exprlist 'in' exprlist ':' suite ['else' ':' suite] | 
 |         for i in 1, 2, 3: pass | 
 |         for i, j, k in (): pass | 
 |         else: pass | 
 |         class Squares: | 
 |             def __init__(self, max): | 
 |                 self.max = max | 
 |                 self.sofar = [] | 
 |             def __len__(self): return len(self.sofar) | 
 |             def __getitem__(self, i): | 
 |                 if not 0 <= i < self.max: raise IndexError | 
 |                 n = len(self.sofar) | 
 |                 while n <= i: | 
 |                     self.sofar.append(n*n) | 
 |                     n = n+1 | 
 |                 return self.sofar[i] | 
 |         n = 0 | 
 |         for x in Squares(10): n = n+x | 
 |         if n != 285: | 
 |             self.fail('for over growing sequence') | 
 |  | 
 |         result = [] | 
 |         for x, in [(1,), (2,), (3,)]: | 
 |             result.append(x) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(result, [1, 2, 3]) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_try(self): | 
 |         ### try_stmt: 'try' ':' suite (except_clause ':' suite)+ ['else' ':' suite] | 
 |         ###         | 'try' ':' suite 'finally' ':' suite | 
 |         ### except_clause: 'except' [expr ['as' NAME]] | 
 |         try: | 
 |             1/0 | 
 |         except ZeroDivisionError: | 
 |             pass | 
 |         else: | 
 |             pass | 
 |         try: 1/0 | 
 |         except EOFError: pass | 
 |         except TypeError as msg: pass | 
 |         except: pass | 
 |         else: pass | 
 |         try: 1/0 | 
 |         except (EOFError, TypeError, ZeroDivisionError): pass | 
 |         try: 1/0 | 
 |         except (EOFError, TypeError, ZeroDivisionError) as msg: pass | 
 |         try: pass | 
 |         finally: pass | 
 |         with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError): | 
 |             compile("try:\n    pass\nexcept Exception as a.b:\n    pass", "?", "exec") | 
 |             compile("try:\n    pass\nexcept Exception as a[b]:\n    pass", "?", "exec") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_suite(self): | 
 |         # simple_stmt | NEWLINE INDENT NEWLINE* (stmt NEWLINE*)+ DEDENT | 
 |         if 1: pass | 
 |         if 1: | 
 |             pass | 
 |         if 1: | 
 |             # | 
 |             # | 
 |             # | 
 |             pass | 
 |             pass | 
 |             # | 
 |             pass | 
 |             # | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_test(self): | 
 |         ### and_test ('or' and_test)* | 
 |         ### and_test: not_test ('and' not_test)* | 
 |         ### not_test: 'not' not_test | comparison | 
 |         if not 1: pass | 
 |         if 1 and 1: pass | 
 |         if 1 or 1: pass | 
 |         if not not not 1: pass | 
 |         if not 1 and 1 and 1: pass | 
 |         if 1 and 1 or 1 and 1 and 1 or not 1 and 1: pass | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_comparison(self): | 
 |         ### comparison: expr (comp_op expr)* | 
 |         ### comp_op: '<'|'>'|'=='|'>='|'<='|'!='|'in'|'not' 'in'|'is'|'is' 'not' | 
 |         if 1: pass | 
 |         x = (1 == 1) | 
 |         if 1 == 1: pass | 
 |         if 1 != 1: pass | 
 |         if 1 < 1: pass | 
 |         if 1 > 1: pass | 
 |         if 1 <= 1: pass | 
 |         if 1 >= 1: pass | 
 |         if x is x: pass | 
 |         if x is not x: pass | 
 |         if 1 in (): pass | 
 |         if 1 not in (): pass | 
 |         if 1 < 1 > 1 == 1 >= 1 <= 1 != 1 in 1 not in x is x is not x: pass | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_comparison_is_literal(self): | 
 |         def check(test, msg='"is" with a literal'): | 
 |             self.check_syntax_warning(test, msg) | 
 |  | 
 |         check('x is 1') | 
 |         check('x is "thing"') | 
 |         check('1 is x') | 
 |         check('x is y is 1') | 
 |         check('x is not 1', '"is not" with a literal') | 
 |  | 
 |         with warnings.catch_warnings(): | 
 |             warnings.simplefilter('error', SyntaxWarning) | 
 |             compile('x is None', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |             compile('x is False', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |             compile('x is True', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |             compile('x is ...', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_warn_missed_comma(self): | 
 |         def check(test): | 
 |             self.check_syntax_warning(test, msg) | 
 |  | 
 |         msg=r'is not callable; perhaps you missed a comma\?' | 
 |         check('[(1, 2) (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[(x, y) (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[{1, 2} (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[{1: 2} (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[[i for i in range(5)] (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[{i for i in range(5)} (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[(i for i in range(5)) (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[{i: i for i in range(5)} (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[f"{x}" (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[f"x={x}" (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('["abc" (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[b"abc" (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[123 (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[12.3 (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[12.3j (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[None (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[True (3, 4)]') | 
 |         check('[... (3, 4)]') | 
 |  | 
 |         msg=r'is not subscriptable; perhaps you missed a comma\?' | 
 |         check('[{1, 2} [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('[{i for i in range(5)} [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('[(i for i in range(5)) [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('[(lambda x, y: x) [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('[123 [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('[12.3 [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('[12.3j [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('[None [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('[True [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('[... [i, j]]') | 
 |  | 
 |         msg=r'indices must be integers or slices, not tuple; perhaps you missed a comma\?' | 
 |         check('[(1, 2) [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('[(x, y) [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('[[i for i in range(5)] [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('[f"{x}" [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('[f"x={x}" [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('["abc" [i, j]]') | 
 |         check('[b"abc" [i, j]]') | 
 |  | 
 |         msg=r'indices must be integers or slices, not tuple;' | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [3, 4]]') | 
 |         msg=r'indices must be integers or slices, not list;' | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [[3, 4]]]') | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [[i for i in range(5)]]]') | 
 |         msg=r'indices must be integers or slices, not set;' | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [{3, 4}]]') | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [{i for i in range(5)}]]') | 
 |         msg=r'indices must be integers or slices, not dict;' | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [{3: 4}]]') | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [{i: i for i in range(5)}]]') | 
 |         msg=r'indices must be integers or slices, not generator;' | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [(i for i in range(5))]]') | 
 |         msg=r'indices must be integers or slices, not function;' | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [(lambda x, y: x)]]') | 
 |         msg=r'indices must be integers or slices, not str;' | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [f"{x}"]]') | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [f"x={x}"]]') | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] ["abc"]]') | 
 |         msg=r'indices must be integers or slices, not' | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [b"abc"]]') | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [12.3]]') | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [12.3j]]') | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [None]]') | 
 |         check('[[1, 2] [...]]') | 
 |  | 
 |         with warnings.catch_warnings(): | 
 |             warnings.simplefilter('error', SyntaxWarning) | 
 |             compile('[(lambda x, y: x) (3, 4)]', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |             compile('[[1, 2] [i]]', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |             compile('[[1, 2] [0]]', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |             compile('[[1, 2] [True]]', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |             compile('[[1, 2] [1:2]]', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |             compile('[{(1, 2): 3} [i, j]]', '<testcase>', 'exec') | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_binary_mask_ops(self): | 
 |         x = 1 & 1 | 
 |         x = 1 ^ 1 | 
 |         x = 1 | 1 | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_shift_ops(self): | 
 |         x = 1 << 1 | 
 |         x = 1 >> 1 | 
 |         x = 1 << 1 >> 1 | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_additive_ops(self): | 
 |         x = 1 | 
 |         x = 1 + 1 | 
 |         x = 1 - 1 - 1 | 
 |         x = 1 - 1 + 1 - 1 + 1 | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_multiplicative_ops(self): | 
 |         x = 1 * 1 | 
 |         x = 1 / 1 | 
 |         x = 1 % 1 | 
 |         x = 1 / 1 * 1 % 1 | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_unary_ops(self): | 
 |         x = +1 | 
 |         x = -1 | 
 |         x = ~1 | 
 |         x = ~1 ^ 1 & 1 | 1 & 1 ^ -1 | 
 |         x = -1*1/1 + 1*1 - ---1*1 | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_selectors(self): | 
 |         ### trailer: '(' [testlist] ')' | '[' subscript ']' | '.' NAME | 
 |         ### subscript: expr | [expr] ':' [expr] | 
 |  | 
 |         import sys, time | 
 |         c = sys.path[0] | 
 |         x = time.time() | 
 |         x = sys.modules['time'].time() | 
 |         a = '01234' | 
 |         c = a[0] | 
 |         c = a[-1] | 
 |         s = a[0:5] | 
 |         s = a[:5] | 
 |         s = a[0:] | 
 |         s = a[:] | 
 |         s = a[-5:] | 
 |         s = a[:-1] | 
 |         s = a[-4:-3] | 
 |         # A rough test of SF bug 1333982.  http://python.org/sf/1333982 | 
 |         # The testing here is fairly incomplete. | 
 |         # Test cases should include: commas with 1 and 2 colons | 
 |         d = {} | 
 |         d[1] = 1 | 
 |         d[1,] = 2 | 
 |         d[1,2] = 3 | 
 |         d[1,2,3] = 4 | 
 |         L = list(d) | 
 |         L.sort(key=lambda x: (type(x).__name__, x)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(str(L), '[1, (1,), (1, 2), (1, 2, 3)]') | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_atoms(self): | 
 |         ### atom: '(' [testlist] ')' | '[' [testlist] ']' | '{' [dictsetmaker] '}' | NAME | NUMBER | STRING | 
 |         ### dictsetmaker: (test ':' test (',' test ':' test)* [',']) | (test (',' test)* [',']) | 
 |  | 
 |         x = (1) | 
 |         x = (1 or 2 or 3) | 
 |         x = (1 or 2 or 3, 2, 3) | 
 |  | 
 |         x = [] | 
 |         x = [1] | 
 |         x = [1 or 2 or 3] | 
 |         x = [1 or 2 or 3, 2, 3] | 
 |         x = [] | 
 |  | 
 |         x = {} | 
 |         x = {'one': 1} | 
 |         x = {'one': 1,} | 
 |         x = {'one' or 'two': 1 or 2} | 
 |         x = {'one': 1, 'two': 2} | 
 |         x = {'one': 1, 'two': 2,} | 
 |         x = {'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3, 'four': 4, 'five': 5, 'six': 6} | 
 |  | 
 |         x = {'one'} | 
 |         x = {'one', 1,} | 
 |         x = {'one', 'two', 'three'} | 
 |         x = {2, 3, 4,} | 
 |  | 
 |         x = x | 
 |         x = 'x' | 
 |         x = 123 | 
 |  | 
 |     ### exprlist: expr (',' expr)* [','] | 
 |     ### testlist: test (',' test)* [','] | 
 |     # These have been exercised enough above | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_classdef(self): | 
 |         # 'class' NAME ['(' [testlist] ')'] ':' suite | 
 |         class B: pass | 
 |         class B2(): pass | 
 |         class C1(B): pass | 
 |         class C2(B): pass | 
 |         class D(C1, C2, B): pass | 
 |         class C: | 
 |             def meth1(self): pass | 
 |             def meth2(self, arg): pass | 
 |             def meth3(self, a1, a2): pass | 
 |  | 
 |         # decorator: '@' namedexpr_test NEWLINE | 
 |         # decorators: decorator+ | 
 |         # decorated: decorators (classdef | funcdef) | 
 |         def class_decorator(x): return x | 
 |         @class_decorator | 
 |         class G: pass | 
 |  | 
 |         # Test expressions as decorators (PEP 614): | 
 |         @False or class_decorator | 
 |         class H: pass | 
 |         @d := class_decorator | 
 |         class I: pass | 
 |         @lambda c: class_decorator(c) | 
 |         class J: pass | 
 |         @[..., class_decorator, ...][1] | 
 |         class K: pass | 
 |         @class_decorator(class_decorator)(class_decorator) | 
 |         class L: pass | 
 |         @[class_decorator][0].__call__.__call__ | 
 |         class M: pass | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_dictcomps(self): | 
 |         # dictorsetmaker: ( (test ':' test (comp_for | | 
 |         #                                   (',' test ':' test)* [','])) | | 
 |         #                   (test (comp_for | (',' test)* [','])) ) | 
 |         nums = [1, 2, 3] | 
 |         self.assertEqual({i:i+1 for i in nums}, {1: 2, 2: 3, 3: 4}) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_listcomps(self): | 
 |         # list comprehension tests | 
 |         nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] | 
 |         strs = ["Apple", "Banana", "Coconut"] | 
 |         spcs = ["  Apple", " Banana ", "Coco  nut  "] | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual([s.strip() for s in spcs], ['Apple', 'Banana', 'Coco  nut']) | 
 |         self.assertEqual([3 * x for x in nums], [3, 6, 9, 12, 15]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual([x for x in nums if x > 2], [3, 4, 5]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual([(i, s) for i in nums for s in strs], | 
 |                          [(1, 'Apple'), (1, 'Banana'), (1, 'Coconut'), | 
 |                           (2, 'Apple'), (2, 'Banana'), (2, 'Coconut'), | 
 |                           (3, 'Apple'), (3, 'Banana'), (3, 'Coconut'), | 
 |                           (4, 'Apple'), (4, 'Banana'), (4, 'Coconut'), | 
 |                           (5, 'Apple'), (5, 'Banana'), (5, 'Coconut')]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual([(i, s) for i in nums for s in [f for f in strs if "n" in f]], | 
 |                          [(1, 'Banana'), (1, 'Coconut'), (2, 'Banana'), (2, 'Coconut'), | 
 |                           (3, 'Banana'), (3, 'Coconut'), (4, 'Banana'), (4, 'Coconut'), | 
 |                           (5, 'Banana'), (5, 'Coconut')]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual([(lambda a:[a**i for i in range(a+1)])(j) for j in range(5)], | 
 |                          [[1], [1, 1], [1, 2, 4], [1, 3, 9, 27], [1, 4, 16, 64, 256]]) | 
 |  | 
 |         def test_in_func(l): | 
 |             return [0 < x < 3 for x in l if x > 2] | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(test_in_func(nums), [False, False, False]) | 
 |  | 
 |         def test_nested_front(): | 
 |             self.assertEqual([[y for y in [x, x + 1]] for x in [1,3,5]], | 
 |                              [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]]) | 
 |  | 
 |         test_nested_front() | 
 |  | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "[i, s for i in nums for s in strs]") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "[x if y]") | 
 |  | 
 |         suppliers = [ | 
 |           (1, "Boeing"), | 
 |           (2, "Ford"), | 
 |           (3, "Macdonalds") | 
 |         ] | 
 |  | 
 |         parts = [ | 
 |           (10, "Airliner"), | 
 |           (20, "Engine"), | 
 |           (30, "Cheeseburger") | 
 |         ] | 
 |  | 
 |         suppart = [ | 
 |           (1, 10), (1, 20), (2, 20), (3, 30) | 
 |         ] | 
 |  | 
 |         x = [ | 
 |           (sname, pname) | 
 |             for (sno, sname) in suppliers | 
 |               for (pno, pname) in parts | 
 |                 for (sp_sno, sp_pno) in suppart | 
 |                   if sno == sp_sno and pno == sp_pno | 
 |         ] | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(x, [('Boeing', 'Airliner'), ('Boeing', 'Engine'), ('Ford', 'Engine'), | 
 |                              ('Macdonalds', 'Cheeseburger')]) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_genexps(self): | 
 |         # generator expression tests | 
 |         g = ([x for x in range(10)] for x in range(1)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(next(g), [x for x in range(10)]) | 
 |         try: | 
 |             next(g) | 
 |             self.fail('should produce StopIteration exception') | 
 |         except StopIteration: | 
 |             pass | 
 |  | 
 |         a = 1 | 
 |         try: | 
 |             g = (a for d in a) | 
 |             next(g) | 
 |             self.fail('should produce TypeError') | 
 |         except TypeError: | 
 |             pass | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list((x, y) for x in 'abcd' for y in 'abcd'), [(x, y) for x in 'abcd' for y in 'abcd']) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list((x, y) for x in 'ab' for y in 'xy'), [(x, y) for x in 'ab' for y in 'xy']) | 
 |  | 
 |         a = [x for x in range(10)] | 
 |         b = (x for x in (y for y in a)) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sum(b), sum([x for x in range(10)])) | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sum(x**2 for x in range(10)), sum([x**2 for x in range(10)])) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sum(x*x for x in range(10) if x%2), sum([x*x for x in range(10) if x%2])) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sum(x for x in (y for y in range(10))), sum([x for x in range(10)])) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sum(x for x in (y for y in (z for z in range(10)))), sum([x for x in range(10)])) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sum(x for x in [y for y in (z for z in range(10))]), sum([x for x in range(10)])) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sum(x for x in (y for y in (z for z in range(10) if True)) if True), sum([x for x in range(10)])) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(sum(x for x in (y for y in (z for z in range(10) if True) if False) if True), 0) | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "foo(x for x in range(10), 100)") | 
 |         check_syntax_error(self, "foo(100, x for x in range(10))") | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_comprehension_specials(self): | 
 |         # test for outmost iterable precomputation | 
 |         x = 10; g = (i for i in range(x)); x = 5 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(len(list(g)), 10) | 
 |  | 
 |         # This should hold, since we're only precomputing outmost iterable. | 
 |         x = 10; t = False; g = ((i,j) for i in range(x) if t for j in range(x)) | 
 |         x = 5; t = True; | 
 |         self.assertEqual([(i,j) for i in range(10) for j in range(5)], list(g)) | 
 |  | 
 |         # Grammar allows multiple adjacent 'if's in listcomps and genexps, | 
 |         # even though it's silly. Make sure it works (ifelse broke this.) | 
 |         self.assertEqual([ x for x in range(10) if x % 2 if x % 3 ], [1, 5, 7]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(x for x in range(10) if x % 2 if x % 3), [1, 5, 7]) | 
 |  | 
 |         # verify unpacking single element tuples in listcomp/genexp. | 
 |         self.assertEqual([x for x, in [(4,), (5,), (6,)]], [4, 5, 6]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(list(x for x, in [(7,), (8,), (9,)]), [7, 8, 9]) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_with_statement(self): | 
 |         class manager(object): | 
 |             def __enter__(self): | 
 |                 return (1, 2) | 
 |             def __exit__(self, *args): | 
 |                 pass | 
 |  | 
 |         with manager(): | 
 |             pass | 
 |         with manager() as x: | 
 |             pass | 
 |         with manager() as (x, y): | 
 |             pass | 
 |         with manager(), manager(): | 
 |             pass | 
 |         with manager() as x, manager() as y: | 
 |             pass | 
 |         with manager() as x, manager(): | 
 |             pass | 
 |  | 
 |         with ( | 
 |             manager() | 
 |         ): | 
 |             pass | 
 |  | 
 |         with ( | 
 |             manager() as x | 
 |         ): | 
 |             pass | 
 |  | 
 |         with ( | 
 |             manager() as (x, y), | 
 |             manager() as z, | 
 |         ): | 
 |             pass | 
 |  | 
 |         with ( | 
 |             manager(), | 
 |             manager() | 
 |         ): | 
 |             pass | 
 |  | 
 |         with ( | 
 |             manager() as x, | 
 |             manager() as y | 
 |         ): | 
 |             pass | 
 |  | 
 |         with ( | 
 |             manager() as x, | 
 |             manager() | 
 |         ): | 
 |             pass | 
 |  | 
 |         with ( | 
 |             manager() as x, | 
 |             manager() as y, | 
 |             manager() as z, | 
 |         ): | 
 |             pass | 
 |  | 
 |         with ( | 
 |             manager() as x, | 
 |             manager() as y, | 
 |             manager(), | 
 |         ): | 
 |             pass | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_if_else_expr(self): | 
 |         # Test ifelse expressions in various cases | 
 |         def _checkeval(msg, ret): | 
 |             "helper to check that evaluation of expressions is done correctly" | 
 |             print(msg) | 
 |             return ret | 
 |  | 
 |         # the next line is not allowed anymore | 
 |         #self.assertEqual([ x() for x in lambda: True, lambda: False if x() ], [True]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual([ x() for x in (lambda: True, lambda: False) if x() ], [True]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual([ x(False) for x in (lambda x: False if x else True, lambda x: True if x else False) if x(False) ], [True]) | 
 |         self.assertEqual((5 if 1 else _checkeval("check 1", 0)), 5) | 
 |         self.assertEqual((_checkeval("check 2", 0) if 0 else 5), 5) | 
 |         self.assertEqual((5 and 6 if 0 else 1), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(((5 and 6) if 0 else 1), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual((5 and (6 if 1 else 1)), 6) | 
 |         self.assertEqual((0 or _checkeval("check 3", 2) if 0 else 3), 3) | 
 |         self.assertEqual((1 or _checkeval("check 4", 2) if 1 else _checkeval("check 5", 3)), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual((0 or 5 if 1 else _checkeval("check 6", 3)), 5) | 
 |         self.assertEqual((not 5 if 1 else 1), False) | 
 |         self.assertEqual((not 5 if 0 else 1), 1) | 
 |         self.assertEqual((6 + 1 if 1 else 2), 7) | 
 |         self.assertEqual((6 - 1 if 1 else 2), 5) | 
 |         self.assertEqual((6 * 2 if 1 else 4), 12) | 
 |         self.assertEqual((6 / 2 if 1 else 3), 3) | 
 |         self.assertEqual((6 < 4 if 0 else 2), 2) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_paren_evaluation(self): | 
 |         self.assertEqual(16 // (4 // 2), 8) | 
 |         self.assertEqual((16 // 4) // 2, 2) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(16 // 4 // 2, 2) | 
 |         x = 2 | 
 |         y = 3 | 
 |         self.assertTrue(False is (x is y)) | 
 |         self.assertFalse((False is x) is y) | 
 |         self.assertFalse(False is x is y) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_matrix_mul(self): | 
 |         # This is not intended to be a comprehensive test, rather just to be few | 
 |         # samples of the @ operator in test_grammar.py. | 
 |         class M: | 
 |             def __matmul__(self, o): | 
 |                 return 4 | 
 |             def __imatmul__(self, o): | 
 |                 self.other = o | 
 |                 return self | 
 |         m = M() | 
 |         self.assertEqual(m @ m, 4) | 
 |         m @= 42 | 
 |         self.assertEqual(m.other, 42) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_async_await(self): | 
 |         async def test(): | 
 |             def sum(): | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             if 1: | 
 |                 await someobj() | 
 |  | 
 |         self.assertEqual(test.__name__, 'test') | 
 |         self.assertTrue(bool(test.__code__.co_flags & inspect.CO_COROUTINE)) | 
 |  | 
 |         def decorator(func): | 
 |             setattr(func, '_marked', True) | 
 |             return func | 
 |  | 
 |         @decorator | 
 |         async def test2(): | 
 |             return 22 | 
 |         self.assertTrue(test2._marked) | 
 |         self.assertEqual(test2.__name__, 'test2') | 
 |         self.assertTrue(bool(test2.__code__.co_flags & inspect.CO_COROUTINE)) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_async_for(self): | 
 |         class Done(Exception): pass | 
 |  | 
 |         class AIter: | 
 |             def __aiter__(self): | 
 |                 return self | 
 |             async def __anext__(self): | 
 |                 raise StopAsyncIteration | 
 |  | 
 |         async def foo(): | 
 |             async for i in AIter(): | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             async for i, j in AIter(): | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             async for i in AIter(): | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             else: | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             raise Done | 
 |  | 
 |         with self.assertRaises(Done): | 
 |             foo().send(None) | 
 |  | 
 |     def test_async_with(self): | 
 |         class Done(Exception): pass | 
 |  | 
 |         class manager: | 
 |             async def __aenter__(self): | 
 |                 return (1, 2) | 
 |             async def __aexit__(self, *exc): | 
 |                 return False | 
 |  | 
 |         async def foo(): | 
 |             async with manager(): | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             async with manager() as x: | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             async with manager() as (x, y): | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             async with manager(), manager(): | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             async with manager() as x, manager() as y: | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             async with manager() as x, manager(): | 
 |                 pass | 
 |             raise Done | 
 |  | 
 |         with self.assertRaises(Done): | 
 |             foo().send(None) | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | if __name__ == '__main__': | 
 |     unittest.main() |