libvpx/vp9_spatial_scalable_encoder.c - platform/external/libvpx - Git at Google

 /*
  *  Copyright (c) 2012 The WebM project authors. All Rights Reserved.
  *
  *  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
  *  that can be found in the LICENSE file in the root of the source
  *  tree. An additional intellectual property rights grant can be found
  *  in the file PATENTS.  All contributing project authors may
  *  be found in the AUTHORS file in the root of the source tree.
  */

 /*
  * This is an example demonstrating how to implement a multi-layer
  * VP9 encoding scheme based on spatial scalability for video applications
  * that benefit from a scalable bitstream.
  */
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include <time.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <libgen.h>
 #define VPX_CODEC_DISABLE_COMPAT 1
 #include "vpx/vpx_encoder.h"
 #include "vpx/vp8cx.h"
 #define interface (vpx_codec_vp9_cx())
 #define fourcc 0x30395056
 #define IVF_FILE_HDR_SZ (32)
 #define IVF_FRAME_HDR_SZ (12)
 #define NUM_BUFFERS 8

 char *input_filename;
 char *output_filename;
 unsigned int number_frames_to_code = 60 * 60;
 unsigned int number_frames_to_skip = 0;
 unsigned int number_spatial_layers = 5;
 unsigned int key_period = 100;

 typedef enum ENCODING_MODE {
   INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_I,
   INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_IP,
   USE_GOLDEN_FRAME
 } ENCODING_MODE;

 static void mem_put_le16(char *mem, unsigned int val) {
   mem[0] = val;
   mem[1] = val >> 8;
 }

 static void mem_put_le32(char *mem, unsigned int val) {
   mem[0] = val;
   mem[1] = val >> 8;
   mem[2] = val >> 16;
   mem[3] = val >> 24;
 }

 static void usage(char *program_name) {
   printf(
       "Usage: %s [-f frames] [-s skip_frames] [-w width] [-h height] \n\t"
       "[-n rate_num] [-d rate_den] [-b bitrate] [-l layers] "
       "<input_filename> <output_filename>\n",
       basename(program_name));
   exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 }

 static void die(const char *fmt, ...) {
   va_list ap;

   va_start(ap, fmt);
   vprintf(fmt, ap);
   if (fmt[strlen(fmt) - 1] != '\n') printf("\n");
   exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 }

 static void die_codec(vpx_codec_ctx_t *ctx, const char *s) {
   const char *detail = vpx_codec_error_detail(ctx);

   printf("%s: %s\n", s, vpx_codec_error(ctx));
   if (detail) printf("    %s\n", detail);
   exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 }

 static int read_frame(FILE *f, vpx_image_t *img) {
   size_t nbytes, to_read;
   int res = 1;

   to_read = img->w * img->h * 3 / 2;
   nbytes = fread(img->planes[0], 1, to_read, f);
   if (nbytes != to_read) {
     res = 0;
     if (nbytes > 0)
       printf("Warning: Read partial frame. Check your width & height!\n");
   }
   return res;
 }

 static int read_dummy_frame(vpx_image_t *img) {
   size_t to_read;

   to_read = img->w * img->h * 3 / 2;
   memset(img->planes[0], 129, to_read);
   return 1;
 }

 static void write_ivf_file_header(FILE *outfile, const vpx_codec_enc_cfg_t *cfg,
                                   int frame_cnt) {
   char header[32];

   if (cfg->g_pass != VPX_RC_ONE_PASS && cfg->g_pass != VPX_RC_LAST_PASS) return;
   header[0] = 'D';
   header[1] = 'K';
   header[2] = 'I';
   header[3] = 'F';
   mem_put_le16(header + 4, 0);                    /* version */
   mem_put_le16(header + 6, 32);                   /* headersize */
   mem_put_le32(header + 8, fourcc);               /* headersize */
   mem_put_le16(header + 12, cfg->g_w);            /* width */
   mem_put_le16(header + 14, cfg->g_h);            /* height */
   mem_put_le32(header + 16, cfg->g_timebase.den); /* rate */
   mem_put_le32(header + 20, cfg->g_timebase.num); /* scale */
   mem_put_le32(header + 24, frame_cnt);           /* length */
   mem_put_le32(header + 28, 0);                   /* unused */

   (void)fwrite(header, 1, 32, outfile);
 }

 static void write_ivf_frame_header(FILE *outfile,
                                    const vpx_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt) {
   char header[12];
   vpx_codec_pts_t pts;

   if (pkt->kind != VPX_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT) return;

   pts = pkt->data.frame.pts;
   mem_put_le32(header, pkt->data.frame.sz);
   mem_put_le32(header + 4, pts & 0xFFFFFFFF);
   mem_put_le32(header + 8, pts >> 32);

   (void)fwrite(header, 1, 12, outfile);
 }

 static void check_parameters() {
   if (number_spatial_layers > 5) die("Cannot support more than 5 layers");
 }

 static void parse_command_line(int argc, char **argv,
                                vpx_codec_enc_cfg_t *cfg) {
   unsigned int width = 1920;
   unsigned int height = 1080;
   unsigned int timebase_num = 1;
   unsigned int timebase_den = 60;
   unsigned int bitrate = 1000;
   int c;
   vpx_codec_err_t res;

   opterr = 0;
   while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:w:h:n:d:b:s:l:p:")) != -1) switch (c) {
       case 'f':
         number_frames_to_code = atoi(optarg);
         break;
       case 'w':
         width = atoi(optarg);
         break;
       case 'h':
         height = atoi(optarg);
         break;
       case 'n':
         timebase_num = atoi(optarg);
         break;
       case 'd':
         timebase_den = atoi(optarg);
         break;
       case 'b':
         bitrate = atoi(optarg);
         break;
       case 's':
         number_frames_to_skip = atoi(optarg);
         break;
       case 'l':
         number_spatial_layers = atoi(optarg);
         break;
       case 'p':
         key_period = atoi(optarg);
         break;
       case '?':
         usage(argv[0]);
     }

   // Parse required parameters
   if (argc - optind != 2) {
     usage(argv[0]);
   }

   input_filename = argv[optind];
   output_filename = argv[optind + 1];

   if (width < 16 || width % 2 || height < 16 || height % 2)
     die("Invalid resolution: %d x %d", width, height);

   /* Populate encoder configuration */
   res = vpx_codec_enc_config_default(interface, cfg, 0);
   if (res) {
     die("Failed to get config: %s\n", vpx_codec_err_to_string(res));
   }
   printf(
       "Codec %s\nframes: %d, skip: %d, layers: %d\n"
       "width %d, height: %d, \n"
       "num: %d, den: %d, bitrate: %d, \n"
       "key period: %d \n",
       vpx_codec_iface_name(interface), number_frames_to_code,
       number_frames_to_skip, number_spatial_layers, width, height, timebase_num,
       timebase_den, bitrate, key_period);

   // Do minimal check at the application level. Encoder parameters will be
   // checked internally
   check_parameters();

   cfg->rc_target_bitrate = bitrate;
   cfg->g_w = width;
   cfg->g_h = height;
   cfg->g_timebase.num = timebase_num;
   cfg->g_timebase.den = timebase_den;
   cfg->ss_number_layers = number_spatial_layers;
 }

 static void set_default_configuration(vpx_codec_enc_cfg_t *cfg) {
   /* Real time parameters */
   cfg->rc_dropframe_thresh = 0;
   cfg->rc_end_usage = VPX_CBR;
   cfg->rc_resize_allowed = 0;
   cfg->rc_min_quantizer = 33;
   cfg->rc_max_quantizer = 33;
   cfg->rc_undershoot_pct = 100;
   cfg->rc_overshoot_pct = 15;
   cfg->rc_buf_initial_sz = 500;
   cfg->rc_buf_optimal_sz = 600;
   cfg->rc_buf_sz = 1000;

   /* Enable error resilient mode */
   cfg->g_error_resilient = 1;
   cfg->g_lag_in_frames = 0;

   /* Disable automatic keyframe placement */
   cfg->kf_mode = VPX_KF_DISABLED;
   cfg->kf_min_dist = cfg->kf_max_dist = 3000;
 }

 static void initialize_codec(vpx_codec_ctx_t *codec, vpx_codec_enc_cfg_t *cfg) {
   int max_intra_size_pct;

   /* Initialize codec */
   if (vpx_codec_enc_init(codec, interface, cfg, VPX_CODEC_USE_PSNR))
     die_codec(codec, "Failed to initialize encoder");

   vpx_codec_control(codec, VP9E_SET_SVC, 1);
   /* Cap CPU & first I-frame size */
   vpx_codec_control(codec, VP8E_SET_CPUUSED, 1);
   vpx_codec_control(codec, VP8E_SET_STATIC_THRESHOLD, 1);
   vpx_codec_control(codec, VP8E_SET_NOISE_SENSITIVITY, 1);
   vpx_codec_control(codec, VP8E_SET_TOKEN_PARTITIONS, 1);

   max_intra_size_pct =
       (int)(((double)cfg->rc_buf_optimal_sz * 0.5) *
             ((double)cfg->g_timebase.den / cfg->g_timebase.num) / 10.0);
   /* printf ("max_intra_size_pct=%d\n", max_intra_size_pct); */

   vpx_codec_control(codec, VP8E_SET_MAX_INTRA_BITRATE_PCT, max_intra_size_pct);
 }

 static int calculate_layer(int frame_cnt, int number_spatial_layers) {
   if (frame_cnt == 0)
     return 0;
   else
     return (frame_cnt + number_spatial_layers - 1) % number_spatial_layers;
 }

 static void switch_to_layer(int layer, unsigned int initial_width,
                             unsigned int initial_height,
                             vpx_codec_ctx_t *codec) {
   // Set layer size
   int scaling_factor_num[MAX_LAYERS] = {2, 1, 4, 2, 1};
   int scaling_factor_den[MAX_LAYERS] = {9, 3, 9, 3, 1};

   int quantizer[MAX_LAYERS] = {60, 53, 39, 33, 27};

   unsigned int current_width;
   unsigned int current_height;

   current_width = initial_width *
                   scaling_factor_num[layer + 5 - number_spatial_layers] /
                   scaling_factor_den[layer + 5 - number_spatial_layers];
   current_height = initial_height *
                    scaling_factor_num[layer + 5 - number_spatial_layers] /
                    scaling_factor_den[layer + 5 - number_spatial_layers];

   current_width += current_width % 2;
   current_height += current_height % 2;

   vpx_codec_control(codec, VP9E_SET_WIDTH, &current_width);
   vpx_codec_control(codec, VP9E_SET_HEIGHT, &current_height);

   // Set layer context
   vpx_codec_control(codec, VP9E_SET_LAYER, &layer);
   vpx_codec_control(codec, VP9E_SET_MAX_Q,
                     quantizer[layer + 5 - number_spatial_layers]);
   vpx_codec_control(codec, VP9E_SET_MIN_Q,
                     quantizer[layer + 5 - number_spatial_layers]);
 }

 static int get_flag(int is_I_frame_in_layer, int layer, ENCODING_MODE mode) {
   // First layer
   switch (mode) {
     case INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_I:
       if (is_I_frame_in_layer && layer == 0) return VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF;
       if (layer == 0)
         return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF |
                VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF;
       else if (is_I_frame_in_layer)
         return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF |
                VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST;
       else
         return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF |
                VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF;
       break;

     case INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_IP:
       if (is_I_frame_in_layer && layer == 0) return VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF;
       if (layer == 0)
         return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF |
                VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF;
       else if (is_I_frame_in_layer)
         return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF |
                VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST;
       else
         return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF;
       break;

     case USE_GOLDEN_FRAME:
       if (is_I_frame_in_layer && layer == 0) return VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF;
       if (2 * number_spatial_layers - NUM_BUFFERS <= layer) {
         if (layer == 0)
           return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF |
                  VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF;
         else if (is_I_frame_in_layer)
           return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF |
                  VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST;
         else
           return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF;
       } else {
         if (layer == 0)
           return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF |
                  VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF;
         else if (is_I_frame_in_layer)
           return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF |
                  VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST;
         else
           return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF |
                  VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF;
       }
       break;
     default:
       return VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF;
   }
 }

 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
   FILE *infile, *outfile[MAX_LAYERS];
   vpx_codec_ctx_t codec;
   vpx_codec_enc_cfg_t cfg;
   int frame_cnt = 0;
   vpx_image_t raw;
   int frame_avail = 1;
   int got_data = 0;
   int i;
   int frames_in_layer[MAX_LAYERS] = {0};
   clock_t before;
   clock_t after;
   int pts = 0;            /* PTS starts at 0 */
   int frame_duration = 1; /* 1 timebase tick per frame */

   parse_command_line(argc, argv, &cfg);

   // Allocate image buffer
   if (!vpx_img_alloc(&raw, VPX_IMG_FMT_I420, cfg.g_w, cfg.g_h, 32))
     die("Failed to allocate image", cfg.g_w, cfg.g_h);

   set_default_configuration(&cfg);

   /* Open input file */
   if (!(infile = fopen(input_filename, "rb")))
     die("Failed to open %s for reading", argv[1]);

   /* Open output file  */
   for (i = 0; i < number_spatial_layers; i++) {
     char file_name[512];
     snprintf(file_name, sizeof(file_name), "%s_%d.ivf", output_filename, i);
     if (!(outfile[i] = fopen(file_name, "wb")))
       die("Failed to open %s for writing", file_name);
     write_ivf_file_header(outfile[i], &cfg, 0);
   }

   initialize_codec(&codec, &cfg);

   // skip initial frames
   for (i = 0; i < number_frames_to_skip; i++) {
     read_frame(infile, &raw);
   }

   before = clock();
   // Encoding frames
   while ((frame_avail || got_data) &&
          frame_cnt <= number_frames_to_code * number_spatial_layers) {
     int flags = 0;
     vpx_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
     const vpx_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt;

     int layer = calculate_layer(frame_cnt, number_spatial_layers);
     int is_I_frame_in_layer =
         (((frame_cnt - 1) / number_spatial_layers % key_period) == 0);
     int is_dummy = (frame_cnt == 0);

     if (is_dummy) {  // Dummy frame
       flags = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF;
       frame_avail = read_dummy_frame(&raw);

     } else {  // Regular frame
       // Read a new frame only at the base layer
       if (layer == 0) frame_avail = read_frame(infile, &raw);
       switch_to_layer(layer, cfg.g_w, cfg.g_h, &codec);
       flags = get_flag(is_I_frame_in_layer, layer, INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_I);
     }

     // Actual Encoding
     if (vpx_codec_encode(&codec, frame_avail ? &raw : NULL, pts, 1, flags,
                          VPX_DL_REALTIME))
       die_codec(&codec, "Failed to encode frame");

     got_data = 0;
     // Process data / Get PSNR statistics
     while ((pkt = vpx_codec_get_cx_data(&codec, &iter))) {
       got_data = 1;
       switch (pkt->kind) {
         case VPX_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT:
           for (i = layer; i < number_spatial_layers; i++) {
             write_ivf_frame_header(outfile[i], pkt);
             (void)fwrite(pkt->data.frame.buf, 1, pkt->data.frame.sz,
                          outfile[i]);
             frames_in_layer[i]++;
           }
           break;
         case VPX_CODEC_PSNR_PKT:
           if (frame_cnt != 0)
             printf(
                 "Processed Frame %d, layer %d, PSNR(Total/Y/U/V): "
                 "%2.3f  %2.3f  %2.3f  %2.3f \n",
                 (frame_cnt - 1) / number_spatial_layers + 1, layer,
                 pkt->data.psnr.psnr[0], pkt->data.psnr.psnr[1],
                 pkt->data.psnr.psnr[2], pkt->data.psnr.psnr[3]);
           break;
         default:
           break;
       }
     }
     frame_cnt++;
     // TODO(ivan): Modify ts later if(!layer)
     pts += frame_duration;
   }
   // end while

   after = clock();
   printf("Processed %d frames in different resolutions in %ld ms.\n",
          frame_cnt - 1, (int)(after - before) / (CLOCKS_PER_SEC / 1000));

   fclose(infile);

   if (vpx_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec");

   /* Try to rewrite the output file headers with the actual frame count */
   for (i = 0; i < number_spatial_layers; i++) {
     if (!fseek(outfile[i], 0, SEEK_SET)) {
       write_ivf_file_header(outfile[i], &cfg, frames_in_layer[i]);
     }
     fclose(outfile[i]);
   }

   return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 }
	/*
	* Copyright (c) 2012 The WebM project authors. All Rights Reserved.
	*
	* Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
	* that can be found in the LICENSE file in the root of the source
	* tree. An additional intellectual property rights grant can be found
	* in the file PATENTS. All contributing project authors may
	* be found in the AUTHORS file in the root of the source tree.
	*/

	/*
	* This is an example demonstrating how to implement a multi-layer
	* VP9 encoding scheme based on spatial scalability for video applications
	* that benefit from a scalable bitstream.
	*/
	#include <stdio.h>
	#include <stdlib.h>
	#include <stdarg.h>
	#include <time.h>
	#include <string.h>
	#include <unistd.h>
	#include <libgen.h>
	#define VPX_CODEC_DISABLE_COMPAT 1
	#include "vpx/vpx_encoder.h"
	#include "vpx/vp8cx.h"
	#define interface (vpx_codec_vp9_cx())
	#define fourcc 0x30395056
	#define IVF_FILE_HDR_SZ (32)
	#define IVF_FRAME_HDR_SZ (12)
	#define NUM_BUFFERS 8

	char *input_filename;
	char *output_filename;
	unsigned int number_frames_to_code = 60 * 60;
	unsigned int number_frames_to_skip = 0;
	unsigned int number_spatial_layers = 5;
	unsigned int key_period = 100;

	typedef enum ENCODING_MODE {
	INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_I,
	INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_IP,
	USE_GOLDEN_FRAME
	} ENCODING_MODE;

	static void mem_put_le16(char *mem, unsigned int val) {
	mem[0] = val;
	mem[1] = val >> 8;
	}

	static void mem_put_le32(char *mem, unsigned int val) {
	mem[0] = val;
	mem[1] = val >> 8;
	mem[2] = val >> 16;
	mem[3] = val >> 24;
	}

	static void usage(char *program_name) {
	printf(
	"Usage: %s [-f frames] [-s skip_frames] [-w width] [-h height] \n\t"
	"[-n rate_num] [-d rate_den] [-b bitrate] [-l layers] "
	"<input_filename> <output_filename>\n",
	basename(program_name));
	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}

	static void die(const char *fmt, ...) {
	va_list ap;

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	vprintf(fmt, ap);
	if (fmt[strlen(fmt) - 1] != '\n') printf("\n");
	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}

	static void die_codec(vpx_codec_ctx_t ctx, const char s) {
	const char *detail = vpx_codec_error_detail(ctx);

	printf("%s: %s\n", s, vpx_codec_error(ctx));
	if (detail) printf(" %s\n", detail);
	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}

	static int read_frame(FILE f, vpx_image_t img) {
	size_t nbytes, to_read;
	int res = 1;

	to_read = img->w * img->h * 3 / 2;
	nbytes = fread(img->planes[0], 1, to_read, f);
	if (nbytes != to_read) {
	res = 0;
	if (nbytes > 0)
	printf("Warning: Read partial frame. Check your width & height!\n");
	}
	return res;
	}

	static int read_dummy_frame(vpx_image_t *img) {
	size_t to_read;

	to_read = img->w * img->h * 3 / 2;
	memset(img->planes[0], 129, to_read);
	return 1;
	}

	static void write_ivf_file_header(FILE outfile, const vpx_codec_enc_cfg_t cfg,
	int frame_cnt) {
	char header[32];

	if (cfg->g_pass != VPX_RC_ONE_PASS && cfg->g_pass != VPX_RC_LAST_PASS) return;
	header[0] = 'D';
	header[1] = 'K';
	header[2] = 'I';
	header[3] = 'F';
	mem_put_le16(header + 4, 0); /* version */
	mem_put_le16(header + 6, 32); /* headersize */
	mem_put_le32(header + 8, fourcc); /* headersize */
	mem_put_le16(header + 12, cfg->g_w); /* width */
	mem_put_le16(header + 14, cfg->g_h); /* height */
	mem_put_le32(header + 16, cfg->g_timebase.den); /* rate */
	mem_put_le32(header + 20, cfg->g_timebase.num); /* scale */
	mem_put_le32(header + 24, frame_cnt); /* length */
	mem_put_le32(header + 28, 0); /* unused */

	(void)fwrite(header, 1, 32, outfile);
	}

	static void write_ivf_frame_header(FILE *outfile,
	const vpx_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt) {
	char header[12];
	vpx_codec_pts_t pts;

	if (pkt->kind != VPX_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT) return;

	pts = pkt->data.frame.pts;
	mem_put_le32(header, pkt->data.frame.sz);
	mem_put_le32(header + 4, pts & 0xFFFFFFFF);
	mem_put_le32(header + 8, pts >> 32);

	(void)fwrite(header, 1, 12, outfile);
	}

	static void check_parameters() {
	if (number_spatial_layers > 5) die("Cannot support more than 5 layers");
	}

	static void parse_command_line(int argc, char **argv,
	vpx_codec_enc_cfg_t *cfg) {
	unsigned int width = 1920;
	unsigned int height = 1080;
	unsigned int timebase_num = 1;
	unsigned int timebase_den = 60;
	unsigned int bitrate = 1000;
	int c;
	vpx_codec_err_t res;

	opterr = 0;
	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:w:h:n:d:b:s:l:p:")) != -1) switch (c) {
	case 'f':
	number_frames_to_code = atoi(optarg);
	break;
	case 'w':
	width = atoi(optarg);
	break;
	case 'h':
	height = atoi(optarg);
	break;
	case 'n':
	timebase_num = atoi(optarg);
	break;
	case 'd':
	timebase_den = atoi(optarg);
	break;
	case 'b':
	bitrate = atoi(optarg);
	break;
	case 's':
	number_frames_to_skip = atoi(optarg);
	break;
	case 'l':
	number_spatial_layers = atoi(optarg);
	break;
	case 'p':
	key_period = atoi(optarg);
	break;
	case '?':
	usage(argv[0]);
	}

	// Parse required parameters
	if (argc - optind != 2) {
	usage(argv[0]);
	}

	input_filename = argv[optind];
	output_filename = argv[optind + 1];

	if (width < 16 \|\| width % 2 \|\| height < 16 \|\| height % 2)
	die("Invalid resolution: %d x %d", width, height);

	/* Populate encoder configuration */
	res = vpx_codec_enc_config_default(interface, cfg, 0);
	if (res) {
	die("Failed to get config: %s\n", vpx_codec_err_to_string(res));
	}
	printf(
	"Codec %s\nframes: %d, skip: %d, layers: %d\n"
	"width %d, height: %d, \n"
	"num: %d, den: %d, bitrate: %d, \n"
	"key period: %d \n",
	vpx_codec_iface_name(interface), number_frames_to_code,
	number_frames_to_skip, number_spatial_layers, width, height, timebase_num,
	timebase_den, bitrate, key_period);

	// Do minimal check at the application level. Encoder parameters will be
	// checked internally
	check_parameters();

	cfg->rc_target_bitrate = bitrate;
	cfg->g_w = width;
	cfg->g_h = height;
	cfg->g_timebase.num = timebase_num;
	cfg->g_timebase.den = timebase_den;
	cfg->ss_number_layers = number_spatial_layers;
	}

	static void set_default_configuration(vpx_codec_enc_cfg_t *cfg) {
	/* Real time parameters */
	cfg->rc_dropframe_thresh = 0;
	cfg->rc_end_usage = VPX_CBR;
	cfg->rc_resize_allowed = 0;
	cfg->rc_min_quantizer = 33;
	cfg->rc_max_quantizer = 33;
	cfg->rc_undershoot_pct = 100;
	cfg->rc_overshoot_pct = 15;
	cfg->rc_buf_initial_sz = 500;
	cfg->rc_buf_optimal_sz = 600;
	cfg->rc_buf_sz = 1000;

	/* Enable error resilient mode */
	cfg->g_error_resilient = 1;
	cfg->g_lag_in_frames = 0;

	/* Disable automatic keyframe placement */
	cfg->kf_mode = VPX_KF_DISABLED;
	cfg->kf_min_dist = cfg->kf_max_dist = 3000;
	}

	static void initialize_codec(vpx_codec_ctx_t codec, vpx_codec_enc_cfg_t cfg) {
	int max_intra_size_pct;

	/* Initialize codec */
	if (vpx_codec_enc_init(codec, interface, cfg, VPX_CODEC_USE_PSNR))
	die_codec(codec, "Failed to initialize encoder");

	vpx_codec_control(codec, VP9E_SET_SVC, 1);
	/* Cap CPU & first I-frame size */
	vpx_codec_control(codec, VP8E_SET_CPUUSED, 1);
	vpx_codec_control(codec, VP8E_SET_STATIC_THRESHOLD, 1);
	vpx_codec_control(codec, VP8E_SET_NOISE_SENSITIVITY, 1);
	vpx_codec_control(codec, VP8E_SET_TOKEN_PARTITIONS, 1);

	max_intra_size_pct =
	(int)(((double)cfg->rc_buf_optimal_sz * 0.5) *
	((double)cfg->g_timebase.den / cfg->g_timebase.num) / 10.0);
	/* printf ("max_intra_size_pct=%d\n", max_intra_size_pct); */

	vpx_codec_control(codec, VP8E_SET_MAX_INTRA_BITRATE_PCT, max_intra_size_pct);
	}

	static int calculate_layer(int frame_cnt, int number_spatial_layers) {
	if (frame_cnt == 0)
	return 0;
	else
	return (frame_cnt + number_spatial_layers - 1) % number_spatial_layers;
	}

	static void switch_to_layer(int layer, unsigned int initial_width,
	unsigned int initial_height,
	vpx_codec_ctx_t *codec) {
	// Set layer size
	int scaling_factor_num[MAX_LAYERS] = {2, 1, 4, 2, 1};
	int scaling_factor_den[MAX_LAYERS] = {9, 3, 9, 3, 1};

	int quantizer[MAX_LAYERS] = {60, 53, 39, 33, 27};

	unsigned int current_width;
	unsigned int current_height;

	current_width = initial_width *
	scaling_factor_num[layer + 5 - number_spatial_layers] /
	scaling_factor_den[layer + 5 - number_spatial_layers];
	current_height = initial_height *
	scaling_factor_num[layer + 5 - number_spatial_layers] /
	scaling_factor_den[layer + 5 - number_spatial_layers];

	current_width += current_width % 2;
	current_height += current_height % 2;

	vpx_codec_control(codec, VP9E_SET_WIDTH, &current_width);
	vpx_codec_control(codec, VP9E_SET_HEIGHT, &current_height);

	// Set layer context
	vpx_codec_control(codec, VP9E_SET_LAYER, &layer);
	vpx_codec_control(codec, VP9E_SET_MAX_Q,
	quantizer[layer + 5 - number_spatial_layers]);
	vpx_codec_control(codec, VP9E_SET_MIN_Q,
	quantizer[layer + 5 - number_spatial_layers]);
	}

	static int get_flag(int is_I_frame_in_layer, int layer, ENCODING_MODE mode) {
	// First layer
	switch (mode) {
	case INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_I:
	if (is_I_frame_in_layer && layer == 0) return VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF;
	if (layer == 0)
	return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF \|
	VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF;
	else if (is_I_frame_in_layer)
	return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF \|
	VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST;
	else
	return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF \|
	VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF;
	break;

	case INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_IP:
	if (is_I_frame_in_layer && layer == 0) return VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF;
	if (layer == 0)
	return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF \|
	VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF;
	else if (is_I_frame_in_layer)
	return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF \|
	VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST;
	else
	return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF;
	break;

	case USE_GOLDEN_FRAME:
	if (is_I_frame_in_layer && layer == 0) return VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF;
	if (2 * number_spatial_layers - NUM_BUFFERS <= layer) {
	if (layer == 0)
	return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF \|
	VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF;
	else if (is_I_frame_in_layer)
	return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF \|
	VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST;
	else
	return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF;
	} else {
	if (layer == 0)
	return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF \|
	VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF;
	else if (is_I_frame_in_layer)
	return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF \|
	VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST;
	else
	return VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF \|
	VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF \| VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF;
	}
	break;
	default:
	return VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF;
	}
	}

	int main(int argc, char **argv) {
	FILE infile, outfile[MAX_LAYERS];
	vpx_codec_ctx_t codec;
	vpx_codec_enc_cfg_t cfg;
	int frame_cnt = 0;
	vpx_image_t raw;
	int frame_avail = 1;
	int got_data = 0;
	int i;
	int frames_in_layer[MAX_LAYERS] = {0};
	clock_t before;
	clock_t after;
	int pts = 0; /* PTS starts at 0 */
	int frame_duration = 1; /* 1 timebase tick per frame */

	parse_command_line(argc, argv, &cfg);

	// Allocate image buffer
	if (!vpx_img_alloc(&raw, VPX_IMG_FMT_I420, cfg.g_w, cfg.g_h, 32))
	die("Failed to allocate image", cfg.g_w, cfg.g_h);

	set_default_configuration(&cfg);

	/* Open input file */
	if (!(infile = fopen(input_filename, "rb")))
	die("Failed to open %s for reading", argv[1]);

	/* Open output file */
	for (i = 0; i < number_spatial_layers; i++) {
	char file_name[512];
	snprintf(file_name, sizeof(file_name), "%s_%d.ivf", output_filename, i);
	if (!(outfile[i] = fopen(file_name, "wb")))
	die("Failed to open %s for writing", file_name);
	write_ivf_file_header(outfile[i], &cfg, 0);
	}

	initialize_codec(&codec, &cfg);

	// skip initial frames
	for (i = 0; i < number_frames_to_skip; i++) {
	read_frame(infile, &raw);
	}

	before = clock();
	// Encoding frames
	while ((frame_avail \|\| got_data) &&
	frame_cnt <= number_frames_to_code * number_spatial_layers) {
	int flags = 0;
	vpx_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
	const vpx_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt;

	int layer = calculate_layer(frame_cnt, number_spatial_layers);
	int is_I_frame_in_layer =
	(((frame_cnt - 1) / number_spatial_layers % key_period) == 0);
	int is_dummy = (frame_cnt == 0);

	if (is_dummy) { // Dummy frame
	flags = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF;
	frame_avail = read_dummy_frame(&raw);

	} else { // Regular frame
	// Read a new frame only at the base layer
	if (layer == 0) frame_avail = read_frame(infile, &raw);
	switch_to_layer(layer, cfg.g_w, cfg.g_h, &codec);
	flags = get_flag(is_I_frame_in_layer, layer, INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_I);
	}

	// Actual Encoding
	if (vpx_codec_encode(&codec, frame_avail ? &raw : NULL, pts, 1, flags,
	VPX_DL_REALTIME))
	die_codec(&codec, "Failed to encode frame");

	got_data = 0;
	// Process data / Get PSNR statistics
	while ((pkt = vpx_codec_get_cx_data(&codec, &iter))) {
	got_data = 1;
	switch (pkt->kind) {
	case VPX_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT:
	for (i = layer; i < number_spatial_layers; i++) {
	write_ivf_frame_header(outfile[i], pkt);
	(void)fwrite(pkt->data.frame.buf, 1, pkt->data.frame.sz,
	outfile[i]);
	frames_in_layer[i]++;
	}
	break;
	case VPX_CODEC_PSNR_PKT:
	if (frame_cnt != 0)
	printf(
	"Processed Frame %d, layer %d, PSNR(Total/Y/U/V): "
	"%2.3f %2.3f %2.3f %2.3f \n",
	(frame_cnt - 1) / number_spatial_layers + 1, layer,
	pkt->data.psnr.psnr[0], pkt->data.psnr.psnr[1],
	pkt->data.psnr.psnr[2], pkt->data.psnr.psnr[3]);
	break;
	default:
	break;
	}
	}
	frame_cnt++;
	// TODO(ivan): Modify ts later if(!layer)
	pts += frame_duration;
	}
	// end while

	after = clock();
	printf("Processed %d frames in different resolutions in %ld ms.\n",
	frame_cnt - 1, (int)(after - before) / (CLOCKS_PER_SEC / 1000));

	fclose(infile);

	if (vpx_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec");

	/* Try to rewrite the output file headers with the actual frame count */
	for (i = 0; i < number_spatial_layers; i++) {
	if (!fseek(outfile[i], 0, SEEK_SET)) {
	write_ivf_file_header(outfile[i], &cfg, frames_in_layer[i]);
	}
	fclose(outfile[i]);
	}

	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
	}