| /* |
| * Copyright (C) 2011 The Guava Authors |
| * |
| * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); |
| * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. |
| * You may obtain a copy of the License at |
| * |
| * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
| * |
| * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software |
| * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, |
| * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. |
| * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and |
| * limitations under the License. |
| */ |
| |
| package com.google.common.util.concurrent; |
| |
| import com.google.common.annotations.Beta; |
| import com.google.common.base.Preconditions; |
| import com.google.common.base.Supplier; |
| import com.google.common.base.Throwables; |
| |
| import java.util.concurrent.Callable; |
| import java.util.concurrent.Executor; |
| import java.util.concurrent.Executors; |
| import java.util.concurrent.Future; |
| import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService; |
| import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory; |
| import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; |
| import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException; |
| import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; |
| import java.util.logging.Level; |
| import java.util.logging.Logger; |
| |
| import javax.annotation.concurrent.GuardedBy; |
| |
| /** |
| * Base class for services that can implement {@link #startUp} and {@link #shutDown} but while in |
| * the "running" state need to perform a periodic task. Subclasses can implement {@link #startUp}, |
| * {@link #shutDown} and also a {@link #runOneIteration} method that will be executed periodically. |
| * |
| * <p>This class uses the {@link ScheduledExecutorService} returned from {@link #executor} to run |
| * the {@link #startUp} and {@link #shutDown} methods and also uses that service to schedule the |
| * {@link #runOneIteration} that will be executed periodically as specified by its |
| * {@link Scheduler}. When this service is asked to stop via {@link #stopAsync} it will cancel the |
| * periodic task (but not interrupt it) and wait for it to stop before running the |
| * {@link #shutDown} method. |
| * |
| * <p>Subclasses are guaranteed that the life cycle methods ({@link #runOneIteration}, {@link |
| * #startUp} and {@link #shutDown}) will never run concurrently. Notably, if any execution of {@link |
| * #runOneIteration} takes longer than its schedule defines, then subsequent executions may start |
| * late. Also, all life cycle methods are executed with a lock held, so subclasses can safely |
| * modify shared state without additional synchronization necessary for visibility to later |
| * executions of the life cycle methods. |
| * |
| * <h3>Usage Example</h3> |
| * |
| * <p>Here is a sketch of a service which crawls a website and uses the scheduling capabilities to |
| * rate limit itself. <pre> {@code |
| * class CrawlingService extends AbstractScheduledService { |
| * private Set<Uri> visited; |
| * private Queue<Uri> toCrawl; |
| * protected void startUp() throws Exception { |
| * toCrawl = readStartingUris(); |
| * } |
| * |
| * protected void runOneIteration() throws Exception { |
| * Uri uri = toCrawl.remove(); |
| * Collection<Uri> newUris = crawl(uri); |
| * visited.add(uri); |
| * for (Uri newUri : newUris) { |
| * if (!visited.contains(newUri)) { toCrawl.add(newUri); } |
| * } |
| * } |
| * |
| * protected void shutDown() throws Exception { |
| * saveUris(toCrawl); |
| * } |
| * |
| * protected Scheduler scheduler() { |
| * return Scheduler.newFixedRateSchedule(0, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS); |
| * } |
| * }}</pre> |
| * |
| * <p>This class uses the life cycle methods to read in a list of starting URIs and save the set of |
| * outstanding URIs when shutting down. Also, it takes advantage of the scheduling functionality to |
| * rate limit the number of queries we perform. |
| * |
| * @author Luke Sandberg |
| * @since 11.0 |
| */ |
| @Beta |
| public abstract class AbstractScheduledService implements Service { |
| private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(AbstractScheduledService.class.getName()); |
| |
| /** |
| * A scheduler defines the policy for how the {@link AbstractScheduledService} should run its |
| * task. |
| * |
| * <p>Consider using the {@link #newFixedDelaySchedule} and {@link #newFixedRateSchedule} factory |
| * methods, these provide {@link Scheduler} instances for the common use case of running the |
| * service with a fixed schedule. If more flexibility is needed then consider subclassing |
| * {@link CustomScheduler}. |
| * |
| * @author Luke Sandberg |
| * @since 11.0 |
| */ |
| public abstract static class Scheduler { |
| /** |
| * Returns a {@link Scheduler} that schedules the task using the |
| * {@link ScheduledExecutorService#scheduleWithFixedDelay} method. |
| * |
| * @param initialDelay the time to delay first execution |
| * @param delay the delay between the termination of one execution and the commencement of the |
| * next |
| * @param unit the time unit of the initialDelay and delay parameters |
| */ |
| public static Scheduler newFixedDelaySchedule(final long initialDelay, final long delay, |
| final TimeUnit unit) { |
| return new Scheduler() { |
| @Override |
| public Future<?> schedule(AbstractService service, ScheduledExecutorService executor, |
| Runnable task) { |
| return executor.scheduleWithFixedDelay(task, initialDelay, delay, unit); |
| } |
| }; |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Returns a {@link Scheduler} that schedules the task using the |
| * {@link ScheduledExecutorService#scheduleAtFixedRate} method. |
| * |
| * @param initialDelay the time to delay first execution |
| * @param period the period between successive executions of the task |
| * @param unit the time unit of the initialDelay and period parameters |
| */ |
| public static Scheduler newFixedRateSchedule(final long initialDelay, final long period, |
| final TimeUnit unit) { |
| return new Scheduler() { |
| @Override |
| public Future<?> schedule(AbstractService service, ScheduledExecutorService executor, |
| Runnable task) { |
| return executor.scheduleAtFixedRate(task, initialDelay, period, unit); |
| } |
| }; |
| } |
| |
| /** Schedules the task to run on the provided executor on behalf of the service. */ |
| abstract Future<?> schedule(AbstractService service, ScheduledExecutorService executor, |
| Runnable runnable); |
| |
| private Scheduler() {} |
| } |
| |
| /* use AbstractService for state management */ |
| private final AbstractService delegate = new AbstractService() { |
| |
| // A handle to the running task so that we can stop it when a shutdown has been requested. |
| // These two fields are volatile because their values will be accessed from multiple threads. |
| private volatile Future<?> runningTask; |
| private volatile ScheduledExecutorService executorService; |
| |
| // This lock protects the task so we can ensure that none of the template methods (startUp, |
| // shutDown or runOneIteration) run concurrently with one another. |
| private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(); |
| |
| private final Runnable task = new Runnable() { |
| @Override public void run() { |
| lock.lock(); |
| try { |
| AbstractScheduledService.this.runOneIteration(); |
| } catch (Throwable t) { |
| try { |
| shutDown(); |
| } catch (Exception ignored) { |
| logger.log(Level.WARNING, |
| "Error while attempting to shut down the service after failure.", ignored); |
| } |
| notifyFailed(t); |
| throw Throwables.propagate(t); |
| } finally { |
| lock.unlock(); |
| } |
| } |
| }; |
| |
| @Override protected final void doStart() { |
| executorService = MoreExecutors.renamingDecorator(executor(), new Supplier<String>() { |
| @Override public String get() { |
| return serviceName() + " " + state(); |
| } |
| }); |
| executorService.execute(new Runnable() { |
| @Override public void run() { |
| lock.lock(); |
| try { |
| startUp(); |
| runningTask = scheduler().schedule(delegate, executorService, task); |
| notifyStarted(); |
| } catch (Throwable t) { |
| notifyFailed(t); |
| throw Throwables.propagate(t); |
| } finally { |
| lock.unlock(); |
| } |
| } |
| }); |
| } |
| |
| @Override protected final void doStop() { |
| runningTask.cancel(false); |
| executorService.execute(new Runnable() { |
| @Override public void run() { |
| try { |
| lock.lock(); |
| try { |
| if (state() != State.STOPPING) { |
| // This means that the state has changed since we were scheduled. This implies that |
| // an execution of runOneIteration has thrown an exception and we have transitioned |
| // to a failed state, also this means that shutDown has already been called, so we |
| // do not want to call it again. |
| return; |
| } |
| shutDown(); |
| } finally { |
| lock.unlock(); |
| } |
| notifyStopped(); |
| } catch (Throwable t) { |
| notifyFailed(t); |
| throw Throwables.propagate(t); |
| } |
| } |
| }); |
| } |
| }; |
| |
| /** Constructor for use by subclasses. */ |
| protected AbstractScheduledService() {} |
| |
| /** |
| * Run one iteration of the scheduled task. If any invocation of this method throws an exception, |
| * the service will transition to the {@link Service.State#FAILED} state and this method will no |
| * longer be called. |
| */ |
| protected abstract void runOneIteration() throws Exception; |
| |
| /** |
| * Start the service. |
| * |
| * <p>By default this method does nothing. |
| */ |
| protected void startUp() throws Exception {} |
| |
| /** |
| * Stop the service. This is guaranteed not to run concurrently with {@link #runOneIteration}. |
| * |
| * <p>By default this method does nothing. |
| */ |
| protected void shutDown() throws Exception {} |
| |
| /** |
| * Returns the {@link Scheduler} object used to configure this service. This method will only be |
| * called once. |
| */ |
| protected abstract Scheduler scheduler(); |
| |
| /** |
| * Returns the {@link ScheduledExecutorService} that will be used to execute the {@link #startUp}, |
| * {@link #runOneIteration} and {@link #shutDown} methods. If this method is overridden the |
| * executor will not be {@linkplain ScheduledExecutorService#shutdown shutdown} when this |
| * service {@linkplain Service.State#TERMINATED terminates} or |
| * {@linkplain Service.State#TERMINATED fails}. Subclasses may override this method to supply a |
| * custom {@link ScheduledExecutorService} instance. This method is guaranteed to only be called |
| * once. |
| * |
| * <p>By default this returns a new {@link ScheduledExecutorService} with a single thread thread |
| * pool that sets the name of the thread to the {@linkplain #serviceName() service name}. |
| * Also, the pool will be {@linkplain ScheduledExecutorService#shutdown() shut down} when the |
| * service {@linkplain Service.State#TERMINATED terminates} or |
| * {@linkplain Service.State#TERMINATED fails}. |
| */ |
| protected ScheduledExecutorService executor() { |
| final ScheduledExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor( |
| new ThreadFactory() { |
| @Override public Thread newThread(Runnable runnable) { |
| return MoreExecutors.newThread(serviceName(), runnable); |
| } |
| }); |
| // Add a listener to shutdown the executor after the service is stopped. This ensures that the |
| // JVM shutdown will not be prevented from exiting after this service has stopped or failed. |
| // Technically this listener is added after start() was called so it is a little gross, but it |
| // is called within doStart() so we know that the service cannot terminate or fail concurrently |
| // with adding this listener so it is impossible to miss an event that we are interested in. |
| addListener(new Listener() { |
| @Override public void terminated(State from) { |
| executor.shutdown(); |
| } |
| @Override public void failed(State from, Throwable failure) { |
| executor.shutdown(); |
| }}, MoreExecutors.sameThreadExecutor()); |
| return executor; |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Returns the name of this service. {@link AbstractScheduledService} may include the name in |
| * debugging output. |
| * |
| * @since 14.0 |
| */ |
| protected String serviceName() { |
| return getClass().getSimpleName(); |
| } |
| |
| @Override public String toString() { |
| return serviceName() + " [" + state() + "]"; |
| } |
| |
| // We override instead of using ForwardingService so that these can be final. |
| |
| @Deprecated |
| @Override |
| public final ListenableFuture<State> start() { |
| return delegate.start(); |
| } |
| |
| @Deprecated |
| @Override |
| public final State startAndWait() { |
| return delegate.startAndWait(); |
| } |
| |
| @Override public final boolean isRunning() { |
| return delegate.isRunning(); |
| } |
| |
| @Override public final State state() { |
| return delegate.state(); |
| } |
| |
| @Deprecated |
| @Override |
| public final ListenableFuture<State> stop() { |
| return delegate.stop(); |
| } |
| |
| @Deprecated |
| @Override |
| public final State stopAndWait() { |
| return delegate.stopAndWait(); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * @since 13.0 |
| */ |
| @Override public final void addListener(Listener listener, Executor executor) { |
| delegate.addListener(listener, executor); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * @since 14.0 |
| */ |
| @Override public final Throwable failureCause() { |
| return delegate.failureCause(); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * @since 15.0 |
| */ |
| @Override public final Service startAsync() { |
| delegate.startAsync(); |
| return this; |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * @since 15.0 |
| */ |
| @Override public final Service stopAsync() { |
| delegate.stopAsync(); |
| return this; |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * @since 15.0 |
| */ |
| @Override public final void awaitRunning() { |
| delegate.awaitRunning(); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * @since 15.0 |
| */ |
| @Override public final void awaitRunning(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws TimeoutException { |
| delegate.awaitRunning(timeout, unit); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * @since 15.0 |
| */ |
| @Override public final void awaitTerminated() { |
| delegate.awaitTerminated(); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * @since 15.0 |
| */ |
| @Override public final void awaitTerminated(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws TimeoutException { |
| delegate.awaitTerminated(timeout, unit); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * A {@link Scheduler} that provides a convenient way for the {@link AbstractScheduledService} to |
| * use a dynamically changing schedule. After every execution of the task, assuming it hasn't |
| * been cancelled, the {@link #getNextSchedule} method will be called. |
| * |
| * @author Luke Sandberg |
| * @since 11.0 |
| */ |
| @Beta |
| public abstract static class CustomScheduler extends Scheduler { |
| |
| /** |
| * A callable class that can reschedule itself using a {@link CustomScheduler}. |
| */ |
| private class ReschedulableCallable extends ForwardingFuture<Void> implements Callable<Void> { |
| |
| /** The underlying task. */ |
| private final Runnable wrappedRunnable; |
| |
| /** The executor on which this Callable will be scheduled. */ |
| private final ScheduledExecutorService executor; |
| |
| /** |
| * The service that is managing this callable. This is used so that failure can be |
| * reported properly. |
| */ |
| private final AbstractService service; |
| |
| /** |
| * This lock is used to ensure safe and correct cancellation, it ensures that a new task is |
| * not scheduled while a cancel is ongoing. Also it protects the currentFuture variable to |
| * ensure that it is assigned atomically with being scheduled. |
| */ |
| private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(); |
| |
| /** The future that represents the next execution of this task.*/ |
| @GuardedBy("lock") |
| private Future<Void> currentFuture; |
| |
| ReschedulableCallable(AbstractService service, ScheduledExecutorService executor, |
| Runnable runnable) { |
| this.wrappedRunnable = runnable; |
| this.executor = executor; |
| this.service = service; |
| } |
| |
| @Override |
| public Void call() throws Exception { |
| wrappedRunnable.run(); |
| reschedule(); |
| return null; |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Atomically reschedules this task and assigns the new future to {@link #currentFuture}. |
| */ |
| public void reschedule() { |
| // We reschedule ourselves with a lock held for two reasons. 1. we want to make sure that |
| // cancel calls cancel on the correct future. 2. we want to make sure that the assignment |
| // to currentFuture doesn't race with itself so that currentFuture is assigned in the |
| // correct order. |
| lock.lock(); |
| try { |
| if (currentFuture == null || !currentFuture.isCancelled()) { |
| final Schedule schedule = CustomScheduler.this.getNextSchedule(); |
| currentFuture = executor.schedule(this, schedule.delay, schedule.unit); |
| } |
| } catch (Throwable e) { |
| // If an exception is thrown by the subclass then we need to make sure that the service |
| // notices and transitions to the FAILED state. We do it by calling notifyFailed directly |
| // because the service does not monitor the state of the future so if the exception is not |
| // caught and forwarded to the service the task would stop executing but the service would |
| // have no idea. |
| service.notifyFailed(e); |
| } finally { |
| lock.unlock(); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| // N.B. Only protect cancel and isCancelled because those are the only methods that are |
| // invoked by the AbstractScheduledService. |
| @Override |
| public boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) { |
| // Ensure that a task cannot be rescheduled while a cancel is ongoing. |
| lock.lock(); |
| try { |
| return currentFuture.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning); |
| } finally { |
| lock.unlock(); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| @Override |
| protected Future<Void> delegate() { |
| throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Only cancel is supported by this future"); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| @Override |
| final Future<?> schedule(AbstractService service, ScheduledExecutorService executor, |
| Runnable runnable) { |
| ReschedulableCallable task = new ReschedulableCallable(service, executor, runnable); |
| task.reschedule(); |
| return task; |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * A value object that represents an absolute delay until a task should be invoked. |
| * |
| * @author Luke Sandberg |
| * @since 11.0 |
| */ |
| @Beta |
| protected static final class Schedule { |
| |
| private final long delay; |
| private final TimeUnit unit; |
| |
| /** |
| * @param delay the time from now to delay execution |
| * @param unit the time unit of the delay parameter |
| */ |
| public Schedule(long delay, TimeUnit unit) { |
| this.delay = delay; |
| this.unit = Preconditions.checkNotNull(unit); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Calculates the time at which to next invoke the task. |
| * |
| * <p>This is guaranteed to be called immediately after the task has completed an iteration and |
| * on the same thread as the previous execution of {@link |
| * AbstractScheduledService#runOneIteration}. |
| * |
| * @return a schedule that defines the delay before the next execution. |
| */ |
| protected abstract Schedule getNextSchedule() throws Exception; |
| } |
| } |