chrome/browser/omnibox/omnibox_field_trial.cc

// Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include "chrome/browser/omnibox/omnibox_field_trial.h"

#include <cmath>
#include <string>

#include "base/command_line.h"
#include "base/metrics/field_trial.h"
#include "base/strings/string_number_conversions.h"
#include "base/strings/string_split.h"
#include "base/strings/string_util.h"
#include "base/strings/stringprintf.h"
#include "base/time/time.h"
#include "chrome/browser/search/search.h"
#include "chrome/common/chrome_switches.h"
#include "chrome/common/variations/variation_ids.h"
#include "components/metrics/proto/omnibox_event.pb.h"
#include "components/variations/active_field_trials.h"
#include "components/variations/metrics_util.h"
#include "components/variations/variations_associated_data.h"

using metrics::OmniboxEventProto;

namespace {

typedef std::map<std::string, std::string> VariationParams;
typedef HUPScoringParams::ScoreBuckets ScoreBuckets;

// Field trial names.
const char kHUPCullRedirectsFieldTrialName[] = "OmniboxHUPCullRedirects";
const char kHUPCreateShorterMatchFieldTrialName[] =
    "OmniboxHUPCreateShorterMatch";
const char kStopTimerFieldTrialName[] = "OmniboxStopTimer";

// In dynamic field trials, we use these group names to switch between
// different zero suggest implementations.
const char kEnableZeroSuggestGroupPrefix[] = "EnableZeroSuggest";
const char kEnableZeroSuggestMostVisitedGroupPrefix[] =
    "EnableZeroSuggestMostVisited";
const char kEnableZeroSuggestAfterTypingGroupPrefix[] =
    "EnableZeroSuggestAfterTyping";
const char kEnableZeroSuggestPersonalizedGroupPrefix[] =
    "EnableZeroSuggestPersonalized";

// The autocomplete dynamic field trial name prefix.  Each field trial is
// configured dynamically and is retrieved automatically by Chrome during
// the startup.
const char kAutocompleteDynamicFieldTrialPrefix[] = "AutocompleteDynamicTrial_";
// The maximum number of the autocomplete dynamic field trials (aka layers).
const int kMaxAutocompleteDynamicFieldTrials = 5;

// Field trial experiment probabilities.

// For HistoryURL provider cull redirects field trial, put 0% ( = 0/100 )
// of the users in the don't-cull-redirects experiment group.
// TODO(mpearson): Remove this field trial and the code it uses once I'm
// sure it's no longer needed.
const base::FieldTrial::Probability kHUPCullRedirectsFieldTrialDivisor = 100;
const base::FieldTrial::Probability
    kHUPCullRedirectsFieldTrialExperimentFraction = 0;

// For HistoryURL provider create shorter match field trial, put 0%
// ( = 25/100 ) of the users in the don't-create-a-shorter-match
// experiment group.
// TODO(mpearson): Remove this field trial and the code it uses once I'm
// sure it's no longer needed.
const base::FieldTrial::Probability
    kHUPCreateShorterMatchFieldTrialDivisor = 100;
const base::FieldTrial::Probability
    kHUPCreateShorterMatchFieldTrialExperimentFraction = 0;

// Field trial IDs.
// Though they are not literally "const", they are set only once, in
// ActivateStaticTrials() below.

// Whether the static field trials have been initialized by
// ActivateStaticTrials() method.
bool static_field_trials_initialized = false;

// Field trial ID for the HistoryURL provider cull redirects experiment group.
int hup_dont_cull_redirects_experiment_group = 0;

// Field trial ID for the HistoryURL provider create shorter match
// experiment group.
int hup_dont_create_shorter_match_experiment_group = 0;


// Concatenates the autocomplete dynamic field trial prefix with a field trial
// ID to form a complete autocomplete field trial name.
std::string DynamicFieldTrialName(int id) {
  return base::StringPrintf("%s%d", kAutocompleteDynamicFieldTrialPrefix, id);
}

void InitializeScoreBuckets(const VariationParams& params,
                            const char* relevance_cap_param,
                            const char* half_life_param,
                            const char* score_buckets_param,
                            ScoreBuckets* score_buckets) {
  VariationParams::const_iterator it = params.find(relevance_cap_param);
  if (it != params.end()) {
    int relevance_cap;
    if (base::StringToInt(it->second, &relevance_cap))
      score_buckets->set_relevance_cap(relevance_cap);
  }

  it = params.find(half_life_param);
  if (it != params.end()) {
    int half_life_days;
    if (base::StringToInt(it->second, &half_life_days))
      score_buckets->set_half_life_days(half_life_days);
  }

  it = params.find(score_buckets_param);
  if (it != params.end()) {
    // The value of the score bucket is a comma-separated list of
    // {DecayedCount + ":" + MaxRelevance}.
    base::StringPairs kv_pairs;
    if (base::SplitStringIntoKeyValuePairs(it->second, ':', ',', &kv_pairs)) {
      for (base::StringPairs::const_iterator it = kv_pairs.begin();
           it != kv_pairs.end(); ++it) {
        ScoreBuckets::CountMaxRelevance bucket;
        base::StringToDouble(it->first, &bucket.first);
        base::StringToInt(it->second, &bucket.second);
        score_buckets->buckets().push_back(bucket);
      }
      std::sort(score_buckets->buckets().begin(),
                score_buckets->buckets().end(),
                std::greater<ScoreBuckets::CountMaxRelevance>());
    }
  }
}

}  // namespace

HUPScoringParams::ScoreBuckets::ScoreBuckets()
    : relevance_cap_(-1),
      half_life_days_(-1) {
}

HUPScoringParams::ScoreBuckets::~ScoreBuckets() {
}

double HUPScoringParams::ScoreBuckets::HalfLifeTimeDecay(
    const base::TimeDelta& elapsed_time) const {
  double time_ms;
  if ((half_life_days_ <= 0) ||
      ((time_ms = elapsed_time.InMillisecondsF()) <= 0))
    return 1.0;

  const double half_life_intervals =
      time_ms / base::TimeDelta::FromDays(half_life_days_).InMillisecondsF();
  return pow(2.0, -half_life_intervals);
}

void OmniboxFieldTrial::ActivateStaticTrials() {
  DCHECK(!static_field_trials_initialized);

  // Create the HistoryURL provider cull redirects field trial.
  // Make it expire on March 1, 2013.
  scoped_refptr<base::FieldTrial> trial(
      base::FieldTrialList::FactoryGetFieldTrial(
          kHUPCullRedirectsFieldTrialName, kHUPCullRedirectsFieldTrialDivisor,
          "Standard", 2013, 3, 1, base::FieldTrial::ONE_TIME_RANDOMIZED, NULL));
  hup_dont_cull_redirects_experiment_group =
      trial->AppendGroup("DontCullRedirects",
                         kHUPCullRedirectsFieldTrialExperimentFraction);

  // Create the HistoryURL provider create shorter match field trial.
  // Make it expire on March 1, 2013.
  trial = base::FieldTrialList::FactoryGetFieldTrial(
      kHUPCreateShorterMatchFieldTrialName,
      kHUPCreateShorterMatchFieldTrialDivisor, "Standard", 2013, 3, 1,
      base::FieldTrial::ONE_TIME_RANDOMIZED, NULL);
  hup_dont_create_shorter_match_experiment_group =
      trial->AppendGroup("DontCreateShorterMatch",
                         kHUPCreateShorterMatchFieldTrialExperimentFraction);

  static_field_trials_initialized = true;
}

void OmniboxFieldTrial::ActivateDynamicTrials() {
  // Initialize all autocomplete dynamic field trials.  This method may be
  // called multiple times.
  for (int i = 0; i < kMaxAutocompleteDynamicFieldTrials; ++i)
    base::FieldTrialList::FindValue(DynamicFieldTrialName(i));
}

int OmniboxFieldTrial::GetDisabledProviderTypes() {
  // Make sure that Autocomplete dynamic field trials are activated.  It's OK to
  // call this method multiple times.
  ActivateDynamicTrials();

  // Look for group names in form of "DisabledProviders_<mask>" where "mask"
  // is a bitmap of disabled provider types (AutocompleteProvider::Type).
  int provider_types = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < kMaxAutocompleteDynamicFieldTrials; ++i) {
    std::string group_name = base::FieldTrialList::FindFullName(
        DynamicFieldTrialName(i));
    const char kDisabledProviders[] = "DisabledProviders_";
    if (!StartsWithASCII(group_name, kDisabledProviders, true))
      continue;
    int types = 0;
    if (!base::StringToInt(base::StringPiece(
            group_name.substr(strlen(kDisabledProviders))), &types))
      continue;
    provider_types |= types;
  }
  return provider_types;
}

void OmniboxFieldTrial::GetActiveSuggestFieldTrialHashes(
    std::vector<uint32>* field_trial_hashes) {
  field_trial_hashes->clear();
  for (int i = 0; i < kMaxAutocompleteDynamicFieldTrials; ++i) {
    const std::string& trial_name = DynamicFieldTrialName(i);
    if (base::FieldTrialList::TrialExists(trial_name))
      field_trial_hashes->push_back(metrics::HashName(trial_name));
  }
  if (base::FieldTrialList::TrialExists(kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName)) {
    field_trial_hashes->push_back(
        metrics::HashName(kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName));
  }
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::InHUPCullRedirectsFieldTrial() {
  return base::FieldTrialList::TrialExists(kHUPCullRedirectsFieldTrialName);
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::InHUPCullRedirectsFieldTrialExperimentGroup() {
  if (!base::FieldTrialList::TrialExists(kHUPCullRedirectsFieldTrialName))
    return false;

  // Return true if we're in the experiment group.
  const int group = base::FieldTrialList::FindValue(
      kHUPCullRedirectsFieldTrialName);
  return group == hup_dont_cull_redirects_experiment_group;
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::InHUPCreateShorterMatchFieldTrial() {
  return
      base::FieldTrialList::TrialExists(kHUPCreateShorterMatchFieldTrialName);
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::InHUPCreateShorterMatchFieldTrialExperimentGroup() {
  if (!base::FieldTrialList::TrialExists(kHUPCreateShorterMatchFieldTrialName))
    return false;

  // Return true if we're in the experiment group.
  const int group = base::FieldTrialList::FindValue(
      kHUPCreateShorterMatchFieldTrialName);
  return group == hup_dont_create_shorter_match_experiment_group;
}

base::TimeDelta OmniboxFieldTrial::StopTimerFieldTrialDuration() {
  int stop_timer_ms;
  if (base::StringToInt(
      base::FieldTrialList::FindFullName(kStopTimerFieldTrialName),
          &stop_timer_ms))
    return base::TimeDelta::FromMilliseconds(stop_timer_ms);
  return base::TimeDelta::FromMilliseconds(1500);
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::HasDynamicFieldTrialGroupPrefix(
    const char* group_prefix) {
  // Make sure that Autocomplete dynamic field trials are activated.  It's OK to
  // call this method multiple times.
  ActivateDynamicTrials();

  // Look for group names starting with |group_prefix|.
  for (int i = 0; i < kMaxAutocompleteDynamicFieldTrials; ++i) {
    const std::string& group_name = base::FieldTrialList::FindFullName(
        DynamicFieldTrialName(i));
    if (StartsWithASCII(group_name, group_prefix, true))
      return true;
  }
  return false;
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::InZeroSuggestFieldTrial() {
  return HasDynamicFieldTrialGroupPrefix(kEnableZeroSuggestGroupPrefix) ||
      chrome_variations::GetVariationParamValue(
          kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName, kZeroSuggestRule) == "true";
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::InZeroSuggestMostVisitedFieldTrial() {
  return HasDynamicFieldTrialGroupPrefix(
      kEnableZeroSuggestMostVisitedGroupPrefix) ||
      chrome_variations::GetVariationParamValue(
          kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName,
          kZeroSuggestVariantRule) == "MostVisited";
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::InZeroSuggestAfterTypingFieldTrial() {
  return HasDynamicFieldTrialGroupPrefix(
      kEnableZeroSuggestAfterTypingGroupPrefix) ||
      chrome_variations::GetVariationParamValue(
          kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName,
          kZeroSuggestVariantRule) == "AfterTyping";
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::InZeroSuggestPersonalizedFieldTrial() {
  return HasDynamicFieldTrialGroupPrefix(
      kEnableZeroSuggestPersonalizedGroupPrefix) ||
      chrome_variations::GetVariationParamValue(
          kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName,
          kZeroSuggestVariantRule) == "Personalized";
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::ShortcutsScoringMaxRelevance(
    OmniboxEventProto::PageClassification current_page_classification,
    int* max_relevance) {
  // The value of the rule is a string that encodes an integer containing
  // the max relevance.
  const std::string& max_relevance_str =
      OmniboxFieldTrial::GetValueForRuleInContext(
          kShortcutsScoringMaxRelevanceRule, current_page_classification);
  if (max_relevance_str.empty())
    return false;
  if (!base::StringToInt(max_relevance_str, max_relevance))
    return false;
  return true;
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::SearchHistoryPreventInlining(
    OmniboxEventProto::PageClassification current_page_classification) {
  return OmniboxFieldTrial::GetValueForRuleInContext(
      kSearchHistoryRule, current_page_classification) == "PreventInlining";
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::SearchHistoryDisable(
    OmniboxEventProto::PageClassification current_page_classification) {
  return OmniboxFieldTrial::GetValueForRuleInContext(
      kSearchHistoryRule, current_page_classification) == "Disable";
}

void OmniboxFieldTrial::GetDemotionsByType(
    OmniboxEventProto::PageClassification current_page_classification,
    DemotionMultipliers* demotions_by_type) {
  demotions_by_type->clear();
  std::string demotion_rule = OmniboxFieldTrial::GetValueForRuleInContext(
      kDemoteByTypeRule, current_page_classification);
  // If there is no demotion rule for this context, then use the default
  // value for that context.  At the moment the default value is non-empty
  // only for the fakebox-focus context.
  if (demotion_rule.empty() &&
      (current_page_classification ==
       OmniboxEventProto::INSTANT_NTP_WITH_FAKEBOX_AS_STARTING_FOCUS))
    demotion_rule = "1:61,2:61,3:61,4:61,12:61";

  // The value of the DemoteByType rule is a comma-separated list of
  // {ResultType + ":" + Number} where ResultType is an AutocompleteMatchType::
  // Type enum represented as an integer and Number is an integer number
  // between 0 and 100 inclusive.   Relevance scores of matches of that result
  // type are multiplied by Number / 100.  100 means no change.
  base::StringPairs kv_pairs;
  if (base::SplitStringIntoKeyValuePairs(demotion_rule, ':', ',', &kv_pairs)) {
    for (base::StringPairs::const_iterator it = kv_pairs.begin();
         it != kv_pairs.end(); ++it) {
      // This is a best-effort conversion; we trust the hand-crafted parameters
      // downloaded from the server to be perfect.  There's no need to handle
      // errors smartly.
      int k, v;
      base::StringToInt(it->first, &k);
      base::StringToInt(it->second, &v);
      (*demotions_by_type)[static_cast<AutocompleteMatchType::Type>(k)] =
          static_cast<float>(v) / 100.0f;
    }
  }
}

void OmniboxFieldTrial::GetExperimentalHUPScoringParams(
    HUPScoringParams* scoring_params) {
  scoring_params->experimental_scoring_enabled = false;

  VariationParams params;
  if (!chrome_variations::GetVariationParams(kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName,
                                             &params))
    return;

  VariationParams::const_iterator it = params.find(kHUPNewScoringEnabledParam);
  if (it != params.end()) {
    int enabled = 0;
    if (base::StringToInt(it->second, &enabled))
      scoring_params->experimental_scoring_enabled = (enabled != 0);
  }

  InitializeScoreBuckets(params, kHUPNewScoringTypedCountRelevanceCapParam,
      kHUPNewScoringTypedCountHalfLifeTimeParam,
      kHUPNewScoringTypedCountScoreBucketsParam,
      &scoring_params->typed_count_buckets);
  InitializeScoreBuckets(params, kHUPNewScoringVisitedCountRelevanceCapParam,
      kHUPNewScoringVisitedCountHalfLifeTimeParam,
      kHUPNewScoringVisitedCountScoreBucketsParam,
      &scoring_params->visited_count_buckets);
}

int OmniboxFieldTrial::HQPBookmarkValue() {
  std::string bookmark_value_str = chrome_variations::
      GetVariationParamValue(kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName,
                             kHQPBookmarkValueRule);
  if (bookmark_value_str.empty())
    return 10;
  // This is a best-effort conversion; we trust the hand-crafted parameters
  // downloaded from the server to be perfect.  There's no need for handle
  // errors smartly.
  int bookmark_value;
  base::StringToInt(bookmark_value_str, &bookmark_value);
  return bookmark_value;
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::HQPAllowMatchInTLDValue() {
  return chrome_variations::GetVariationParamValue(
      kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName,
      kHQPAllowMatchInTLDRule) == "true";
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::HQPAllowMatchInSchemeValue() {
  return chrome_variations::GetVariationParamValue(
      kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName,
      kHQPAllowMatchInSchemeRule) == "true";
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::BookmarksIndexURLsValue() {
  return chrome_variations::GetVariationParamValue(
      kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName,
      kBookmarksIndexURLsRule) == "true";
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::DisableInlining() {
  return chrome_variations::GetVariationParamValue(
      kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName,
      kDisableInliningRule) == "true";
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::EnableAnswersInSuggest() {
  const CommandLine* cl = CommandLine::ForCurrentProcess();
  if (cl->HasSwitch(switches::kDisableAnswersInSuggest))
    return false;
  if (cl->HasSwitch(switches::kEnableAnswersInSuggest))
    return true;

  return chrome_variations::GetVariationParamValue(
      kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName,
      kAnswersInSuggestRule) == "true";
}

bool OmniboxFieldTrial::AddUWYTMatchEvenIfPromotedURLs() {
  return chrome_variations::GetVariationParamValue(
      kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName,
      kAddUWYTMatchEvenIfPromotedURLsRule) == "true";
}

const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName[] =
    "OmniboxBundledExperimentV1";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kShortcutsScoringMaxRelevanceRule[] =
    "ShortcutsScoringMaxRelevance";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kSearchHistoryRule[] = "SearchHistory";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kDemoteByTypeRule[] = "DemoteByType";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kHQPBookmarkValueRule[] =
    "HQPBookmarkValue";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kHQPAllowMatchInTLDRule[] = "HQPAllowMatchInTLD";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kHQPAllowMatchInSchemeRule[] =
    "HQPAllowMatchInScheme";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kZeroSuggestRule[] = "ZeroSuggest";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kZeroSuggestVariantRule[] = "ZeroSuggestVariant";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kBookmarksIndexURLsRule[] = "BookmarksIndexURLs";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kDisableInliningRule[] = "DisableInlining";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kAnswersInSuggestRule[] = "AnswersInSuggest";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kAddUWYTMatchEvenIfPromotedURLsRule[] =
    "AddUWYTMatchEvenIfPromotedURLs";

const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kHUPNewScoringEnabledParam[] =
    "HUPExperimentalScoringEnabled";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kHUPNewScoringTypedCountRelevanceCapParam[] =
    "TypedCountRelevanceCap";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kHUPNewScoringTypedCountHalfLifeTimeParam[] =
    "TypedCountHalfLifeTime";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kHUPNewScoringTypedCountScoreBucketsParam[] =
    "TypedCountScoreBuckets";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kHUPNewScoringVisitedCountRelevanceCapParam[] =
    "VisitedCountRelevanceCap";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kHUPNewScoringVisitedCountHalfLifeTimeParam[] =
    "VisitedCountHalfLifeTime";
const char OmniboxFieldTrial::kHUPNewScoringVisitedCountScoreBucketsParam[] =
    "VisitedCountScoreBuckets";

// Background and implementation details:
//
// Each experiment group in any field trial can come with an optional set of
// parameters (key-value pairs).  In the bundled omnibox experiment
// (kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName), each experiment group comes with a
// list of parameters in the form:
//   key=<Rule>:
//       <OmniboxEventProto::PageClassification (as an int)>:
//       <whether Instant Extended is enabled (as a 1 or 0)>
//     (note that there are no linebreaks in keys; this format is for
//      presentation only>
//   value=<arbitrary string>
// Both the OmniboxEventProto::PageClassification and the Instant Extended
// entries can be "*", which means this rule applies for all values of the
// matching portion of the context.
// One example parameter is
//   key=SearchHistory:6:1
//   value=PreventInlining
// This means in page classification context 6 (a search result page doing
// search term replacement) with Instant Extended enabled, the SearchHistory
// experiment should PreventInlining.
//
// When an exact match to the rule in the current context is missing, we
// give preference to a wildcard rule that matches the instant extended
// context over a wildcard rule that matches the page classification
// context.  Hopefully, though, users will write their field trial configs
// so as not to rely on this fall back order.
//
// In short, this function tries to find the value associated with key
// |rule|:|page_classification|:|instant_extended|, failing that it looks up
// |rule|:*:|instant_extended|, failing that it looks up
// |rule|:|page_classification|:*, failing that it looks up |rule|:*:*,
// and failing that it returns the empty string.
std::string OmniboxFieldTrial::GetValueForRuleInContext(
    const std::string& rule,
    OmniboxEventProto::PageClassification page_classification) {
  VariationParams params;
  if (!chrome_variations::GetVariationParams(kBundledExperimentFieldTrialName,
                                             &params)) {
    return std::string();
  }
  const std::string page_classification_str =
      base::IntToString(static_cast<int>(page_classification));
  const std::string instant_extended =
      chrome::IsInstantExtendedAPIEnabled() ? "1" : "0";
  // Look up rule in this exact context.
  VariationParams::const_iterator it = params.find(
      rule + ":" + page_classification_str + ":" + instant_extended);
  if (it != params.end())
    return it->second;
  // Fall back to the global page classification context.
  it = params.find(rule + ":*:" + instant_extended);
  if (it != params.end())
    return it->second;
  // Fall back to the global instant extended context.
  it = params.find(rule + ":" + page_classification_str + ":*");
  if (it != params.end())
    return it->second;
  // Look up rule in the global context.
  it = params.find(rule + ":*:*");
  return (it != params.end()) ? it->second : std::string();
}