pdk/pndk/Android_PNDK_README.html - platform/development - Git at Google


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 <body onload="DoPageLoad();"

     revision="cfnx2f69_111dp3jzfgb:107">


 <h1>
   Using the Android Native Development Kit (NDK)
 </h1>
 version 1.3<br>
 <br>
 <h2>
   Introduction
 </h2>
 The Android Native Development Kit enables developers to write shared libraries
 in C or C++ and call them from Java code. The native shared libraries can be
 packaged into apk files along with a normal Android application written in Java,
 so that the resulting Android application can be downloaded and installed on an
 Android phone.<br>
 <br>
 The Native Development Kit consists of:<br>
 <ul>
   <li>
     C/C++ headers for native APIs<br>
   </li>
   <li>
     C/C++ libraries for native APIs<br>
   </li>
   <li>
     Documentation
   </li>
   <li>
     Sample Code
   </li>
 </ul>
 <br>
 The Native Development Kit is designed to be used with the Android SDK:<br>
 <ul>
   <li>
     The NDK is used to create a shared library containing native code.
   </li>
   <li>
     The SDK is used to create an Android application written in Java that calls
     into the native code shared library.
   </li>
 </ul>
 <h1>
 </h1>
 <h2>
   Setting up your machine<br>
 </h2>
 The Native Development Kit may be installed on either Linux or OS X. Developing
 under Windows is not yet supported.<br>
 <div>
   <h3>
     Linux Installation
   </h3>
   The
   Android&nbsp;build&nbsp;is&nbsp;routinely&nbsp;tested&nbsp;on&nbsp;recent&nbsp;versions&nbsp;of&nbsp;Ubuntu&nbsp;(6.06&nbsp;and&nbsp;later),&nbsp;but
   may work on other distributions as well.<br>
   <h4>
     <a name=TOC-Ubuntu-Linux-i386-></a><span style=FONT-FAMILY:Verdana>Ubuntu
     Linux (i386)</span>
   </h4>
   <div style=FONT-FAMILY:Verdana>
     To set up your Linux development environment, make sure you have the
     following:<span style="WORD-SPACING:0px; FONT-STYLE:normal; FONT-VARIANT:normal; FONT-WEIGHT:normal; font-size-adjust:none; font-stretch:normal; TEXT-TRANSFORM:none; COLOR:#000000; WHITE-SPACE:normal; LETTER-SPACING:normal; border-collapse:separate"><font size=2>
     </font></span>
   </div>
   <div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px; FONT-FAMILY:Verdana">
     <div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px">
       <div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px">
         <ul style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px">
           <li style="MARGIN-TOP:8px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:8px">
             Git 1.5.4 or
             newer<span style="FONT-WEIGHT:normal; WORD-SPACING:0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM:none; COLOR:#000000; FONT-STYLE:normal; WHITE-SPACE:normal; LETTER-SPACING:normal; border-collapse:separate; FONT-VARIANT:normal"><font size=2>.&nbsp;</font></span>
           </li>
         </ul>
       </div>
     </div>
   </div>
   <blockquote style="BORDER:medium none ; MARGIN:0pt 0pt 0pt 40px; PADDING:0px">
     <span style=FONT-FAMILY:arial><span style="FONT-WEIGHT:normal; WORD-SPACING:0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM:none; COLOR:#000000; FONT-STYLE:normal; WHITE-SPACE:normal; LETTER-SPACING:normal; border-collapse:separate; FONT-VARIANT:normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY:courier new,monospace">$
     </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY:courier new,monospace">sudo apt-get
     install git-core<br>
     </span></span>
   </blockquote>
   <div>
     <div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px">
       <div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px; FONT-FAMILY:arial,sans-serif">
         <div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px">
           <h4>
             <a name=TOC-Ubuntu-Linux-amd64-></a><span style=FONT-FAMILY:Verdana>Ubuntu
             Linux (amd64)</span>
           </h4>
           <span style=FONT-FAMILY:Verdana>This has not been as well
           tested.</span>
         </div>
         <div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px; FONT-FAMILY:Verdana">
           <br>
         </div>
         <div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px; FONT-FAMILY:Verdana">
           The Android build requires a 32-bit build environment:
         </div>
         <div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px; FONT-FAMILY:Verdana">
           <ul>
             <li>
               Get the packages as listed above in the i386
               instructions:<span style="FONT-WEIGHT:normal; WORD-SPACING:0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM:none; COLOR:#000000; FONT-STYLE:normal; WHITE-SPACE:normal; LETTER-SPACING:normal; border-collapse:separate; FONT-VARIANT:normal">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>
             </li>
           </ul>
         </div>
       </div>
     </div>
   </div>
   <blockquote style="BORDER:medium none ; MARGIN:0pt 0pt 0pt 40px; PADDING:0px">
     <span style=FONT-FAMILY:arial><span style="FONT-WEIGHT:normal; WORD-SPACING:0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM:none; COLOR:#000000; FONT-STYLE:normal; WHITE-SPACE:normal; LETTER-SPACING:normal; border-collapse:separate; FONT-VARIANT:normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY:courier new,monospace">$&nbsp;</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY:courier new,monospace">sudo
     apt-get install git-core<br>
     </span></span>
   </blockquote>
   <h4>
     <a name=TOC-Other-Linux></a>Other Linux
   </h4>
   <p>
     There's
     no&nbsp;reason&nbsp;why&nbsp;Android&nbsp;cannot&nbsp;be&nbsp;built&nbsp;on&nbsp;non-Ubuntu&nbsp;systems<span style=FONT-WEIGHT:normal><font size=2>.&nbsp;In&nbsp;general&nbsp;you&nbsp;will&nbsp;need:</font></span>
   </p>
   <ul>
     <li>
       Git&nbsp;1.5.4&nbsp;or&nbsp;newer.&nbsp;You&nbsp;can&nbsp;find&nbsp;it&nbsp;at&nbsp;<a href=http://git.or.cz/ rel=nofollow>http://git.or.cz/</a><span style=FONT-FAMILY:arial></span>
     </li>
   </ul>
   <div>
     <h3>
       Mac OS Installation
     </h3>
     <ul>
       <li>
         <span style=FONT-FAMILY:arial,sans-serif>To build the Android files in a
         Mac OS environment, you need an Intel/x86 machine. The Android build
         system and tools do not support the older PowerPC architecture.</span>
       </li>
       <li>
         <span style=FONT-FAMILY:arial,sans-serif>Android must be built on a
         case-sensitive file system.<br>
         </span>
       </li>
       <ul>
         <li>
           We recommend that you build Android on a partition that has been
           formatted with the "Case-sensitive Journaled HFS+" file system:
         </li>
         <ul>
           <li>
             A case-sensitive file system is required because the sources contain
             files that differ only in case.
           </li>
           <li>
             Journaled systems are more robust. (This is optional, but
             recommended.)
           </li>
           <li>
             HFS+ is required to successfully build Mac OS applications such as
             the Android Emulator for OS X.
           </li>
         </ul>
         <li>
           If you want to avoid partitioning/formatting your hard drive, you can
           use a case-sensitive disk image instead.
         </li>
         <ul>
           <li>
             To create the image:<br>
             <ul>
               <li>
                 launch /Applications/Utilities/Disk Utility
               </li>
               <li>
                 select "New Image"
               </li>
               <li>
                 size: 8 GB (this will work, but you can choose more if you want
                 to)
               </li>
               <li>
                 volume format: case sensitive, journaled
               </li>
             </ul>
           </li>
           <li>
             This will create a .dmg file which, once mounted, acts as a drive
             with the required formatting for Android development. For a disk
             image named "android.dmg" stored in your home directory, you can add
             the following to your ~/.bash_profile to mount the image when you
             execute "mountAndroid":<br>
             <br>
             <div style=MARGIN-LEFT:40px>
               <span style="FONT-FAMILY:courier new,monospace"># command to mount
               the android file
               image</span><br style="FONT-FAMILY:courier new,monospace">
               <span style="FONT-FAMILY:courier new,monospace">function
               mountAndroid&nbsp; { hdiutil attach ~/android.dmg&nbsp;
               -mountpoint /Volumes/android; }</span><br>
             </div>
             <br>
             Once mounted, you'll do all your work in the "android" volume. You
             can eject it (unmount it) just like you would with an external
             drive.
           </li>
         </ul>
       </ul>
     </ul>
     <div>
       <br>
       <ul>
         <li>
           Install git 1.5.4 or newer. You can find it at
           <a href=http://git.or.cz/ rel=nofollow>http://git.or.cz/</a>
         </li>
       </ul>
       <h2>
         Installing the Android SDK
       </h2>
       The Android NDK uses the Android SDK.&nbsp;You can find the Android SDK at
       <a href=http://code.google.com/android/download.html id=a.-o title=http://code.google.com/android/download.html>http://code.google.com/android/download.html</a><br>
       This version of the Android NDK requires the Cupcake version of the
       Android SDK.<br>
       <br>
       <h2>
         Installing the Prebuilt Native Toolchain<br>
       </h2>
       The NDK uses the prebuilt native toolchain from the Android Open Source
       git repository.<br>
       <br>
       To download the prebuilt native toolchain to your working directory,
       execute the following commands:<br>
       <br>
       <span style="FONT-FAMILY:Courier New"></span>
       <div style=MARGIN-LEFT:40px>
         <span style="FONT-FAMILY:Courier New">git clone
         git://android.git.kernel.org/platform/prebuilt.git</span><br>
         <span style="FONT-FAMILY:Courier New">cd prebuilt</span><br>
         <span style="FONT-FAMILY:Courier New">git checkout -b cupcake -t
         origin/cupcake</span><br>
       </div>
       <div style=MARGIN-LEFT:40px>
         <span style="FONT-FAMILY:Courier New"></span>
       </div>
       <br>
       <h2>
         Setting Environment Variables
       </h2>
       The NDK requires that you set two environment variables:<br>
       <ul>
         <li>
           PREBUILT must be set to the directory that contains the prebuilt
           toolchain. Include the "prebuilt" directory in the path. Example:
           /Volumes/android/prebuilt<br>
         </li>
         <li>
           ANDROID_SDK_BASE must be set to the directory that contains the
           Android SDK. Example: ~/AndroidSDK<br>
         </li>
       </ul>
       <br>
       <h2>
         <span style=FONT-FAMILY:Verdana>Unpacking the NDK</span>
       </h2>
       Unpack the android_pndk.tar.gz into your working directory<br>
       <br>
       <div style=MARGIN-LEFT:40px>
         <span style="FONT-FAMILY:Courier New">tar -zxvf
         android_pndk.tar.gz</span><br>
       </div>
       <br>
       This will create a directory called pndk. It should contain a README.html
       file (this file) and the following directories: config, include, lib, and
       sample.<br>
       <br>
       Look in the "samples" directory for samples showing how to use the NDK.<br>
       <br>
       <br>
     </div>
     <br>
   </div>
   <br>
 </div>
 <br></body>
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	</head>

	<body onload="DoPageLoad();"

	revision="cfnx2f69_111dp3jzfgb:107">




	<h1>
	Using the Android Native Development Kit (NDK)
	</h1>
	version 1.3<br>
	<br>
	<h2>
	Introduction
	</h2>
	The Android Native Development Kit enables developers to write shared libraries
	in C or C++ and call them from Java code. The native shared libraries can be
	packaged into apk files along with a normal Android application written in Java,
	so that the resulting Android application can be downloaded and installed on an
	Android phone.<br>
	<br>
	The Native Development Kit consists of:<br>
	<ul>
	<li>
	C/C++ headers for native APIs<br>
	</li>
	<li>
	C/C++ libraries for native APIs<br>
	</li>
	<li>
	Documentation
	</li>
	<li>
	Sample Code
	</li>
	</ul>
	<br>
	The Native Development Kit is designed to be used with the Android SDK:<br>
	<ul>
	<li>
	The NDK is used to create a shared library containing native code.
	</li>
	<li>
	The SDK is used to create an Android application written in Java that calls
	into the native code shared library.
	</li>
	</ul>
	<h1>
	</h1>
	<h2>
	Setting up your machine<br>
	</h2>
	The Native Development Kit may be installed on either Linux or OS X. Developing
	under Windows is not yet supported.<br>
	<div>
	<h3>
	Linux Installation
	</h3>
	The
	Android build is routinely tested on recent versions of Ubuntu (6.06 and later), but
	may work on other distributions as well.<br>
	<h4>
	<a name=TOC-Ubuntu-Linux-i386-></a><span style=FONT-FAMILY:Verdana>Ubuntu
	Linux (i386)</span>
	</h4>
	<div style=FONT-FAMILY:Verdana>
	To set up your Linux development environment, make sure you have the
	following:<span style="WORD-SPACING:0px; FONT-STYLE:normal; FONT-VARIANT:normal; FONT-WEIGHT:normal; font-size-adjust:none; font-stretch:normal; TEXT-TRANSFORM:none; COLOR:#000000; WHITE-SPACE:normal; LETTER-SPACING:normal; border-collapse:separate"><font size=2>
	</font></span>
	</div>
	<div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px; FONT-FAMILY:Verdana">
	<div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px">
	<div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px">
	<ul style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px">
	<li style="MARGIN-TOP:8px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:8px">
	Git 1.5.4 or
	newer<span style="FONT-WEIGHT:normal; WORD-SPACING:0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM:none; COLOR:#000000; FONT-STYLE:normal; WHITE-SPACE:normal; LETTER-SPACING:normal; border-collapse:separate; FONT-VARIANT:normal"><font size=2>. </font></span>
	</li>
	</ul>
	</div>
	</div>
	</div>
	<blockquote style="BORDER:medium none ; MARGIN:0pt 0pt 0pt 40px; PADDING:0px">
	<span style=FONT-FAMILY:arial><span style="FONT-WEIGHT:normal; WORD-SPACING:0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM:none; COLOR:#000000; FONT-STYLE:normal; WHITE-SPACE:normal; LETTER-SPACING:normal; border-collapse:separate; FONT-VARIANT:normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY:courier new,monospace">$
	</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY:courier new,monospace">sudo apt-get
	install git-core<br>
	</span></span>
	</blockquote>
	<div>
	<div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px">
	<div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px; FONT-FAMILY:arial,sans-serif">
	<div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px">
	<h4>
	<a name=TOC-Ubuntu-Linux-amd64-></a><span style=FONT-FAMILY:Verdana>Ubuntu
	Linux (amd64)</span>
	</h4>
	<span style=FONT-FAMILY:Verdana>This has not been as well
	tested.</span>
	</div>
	<div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px; FONT-FAMILY:Verdana">
	<br>
	</div>
	<div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px; FONT-FAMILY:Verdana">
	The Android build requires a 32-bit build environment:
	</div>
	<div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px; FONT-FAMILY:Verdana">
	<ul>
	<li>
	Get the packages as listed above in the i386
	instructions:<span style="FONT-WEIGHT:normal; WORD-SPACING:0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM:none; COLOR:#000000; FONT-STYLE:normal; WHITE-SPACE:normal; LETTER-SPACING:normal; border-collapse:separate; FONT-VARIANT:normal">   </span>
	</li>
	</ul>
	</div>
	</div>
	</div>
	</div>
	<blockquote style="BORDER:medium none ; MARGIN:0pt 0pt 0pt 40px; PADDING:0px">
	<span style=FONT-FAMILY:arial><span style="FONT-WEIGHT:normal; WORD-SPACING:0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM:none; COLOR:#000000; FONT-STYLE:normal; WHITE-SPACE:normal; LETTER-SPACING:normal; border-collapse:separate; FONT-VARIANT:normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY:courier new,monospace">$ </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY:courier new,monospace">sudo
	apt-get install git-core<br>
	</span></span>
	</blockquote>
	<h4>
	<a name=TOC-Other-Linux></a>Other Linux
	</h4>
	<p>
	There's
	no reason why Android cannot be built on non-Ubuntu systems<span style=FONT-WEIGHT:normal><font size=2>. In general you will need:</font></span>
	</p>
	<ul>
	<li>
	Git 1.5.4 or newer. You can find it at <a href=http://git.or.cz/ rel=nofollow>http://git.or.cz/</a><span style=FONT-FAMILY:arial></span>
	</li>
	</ul>
	<div>
	<h3>
	Mac OS Installation
	</h3>
	<ul>
	<li>
	<span style=FONT-FAMILY:arial,sans-serif>To build the Android files in a
	Mac OS environment, you need an Intel/x86 machine. The Android build
	system and tools do not support the older PowerPC architecture.</span>
	</li>
	<li>
	<span style=FONT-FAMILY:arial,sans-serif>Android must be built on a
	case-sensitive file system.<br>
	</span>
	</li>
	<ul>
	<li>
	We recommend that you build Android on a partition that has been
	formatted with the "Case-sensitive Journaled HFS+" file system:
	</li>
	<ul>
	<li>
	A case-sensitive file system is required because the sources contain
	files that differ only in case.
	</li>
	<li>
	Journaled systems are more robust. (This is optional, but
	recommended.)
	</li>
	<li>
	HFS+ is required to successfully build Mac OS applications such as
	the Android Emulator for OS X.
	</li>
	</ul>
	<li>
	If you want to avoid partitioning/formatting your hard drive, you can
	use a case-sensitive disk image instead.
	</li>
	<ul>
	<li>
	To create the image:<br>
	<ul>
	<li>
	launch /Applications/Utilities/Disk Utility
	</li>
	<li>
	select "New Image"
	</li>
	<li>
	size: 8 GB (this will work, but you can choose more if you want
	to)
	</li>
	<li>
	volume format: case sensitive, journaled
	</li>
	</ul>
	</li>
	<li>
	This will create a .dmg file which, once mounted, acts as a drive
	with the required formatting for Android development. For a disk
	image named "android.dmg" stored in your home directory, you can add
	the following to your ~/.bash_profile to mount the image when you
	execute "mountAndroid":<br>
	<br>
	<div style=MARGIN-LEFT:40px>
	<span style="FONT-FAMILY:courier new,monospace"># command to mount
	the android file
	image</span><br style="FONT-FAMILY:courier new,monospace">
	<span style="FONT-FAMILY:courier new,monospace">function
	mountAndroid  { hdiutil attach ~/android.dmg
	-mountpoint /Volumes/android; }</span><br>
	</div>
	<br>
	Once mounted, you'll do all your work in the "android" volume. You
	can eject it (unmount it) just like you would with an external
	drive.
	</li>
	</ul>
	</ul>
	</ul>
	<div>
	<br>
	<ul>
	<li>
	Install git 1.5.4 or newer. You can find it at
	<a href=http://git.or.cz/ rel=nofollow>http://git.or.cz/</a>
	</li>
	</ul>
	<h2>
	Installing the Android SDK
	</h2>
	The Android NDK uses the Android SDK. You can find the Android SDK at
	<a href=http://code.google.com/android/download.html id=a.-o title=http://code.google.com/android/download.html>http://code.google.com/android/download.html</a><br>
	This version of the Android NDK requires the Cupcake version of the
	Android SDK.<br>
	<br>
	<h2>
	Installing the Prebuilt Native Toolchain<br>
	</h2>
	The NDK uses the prebuilt native toolchain from the Android Open Source
	git repository.<br>
	<br>
	To download the prebuilt native toolchain to your working directory,
	execute the following commands:<br>
	<br>
	<span style="FONT-FAMILY:Courier New"></span>
	<div style=MARGIN-LEFT:40px>
	<span style="FONT-FAMILY:Courier New">git clone
	git://android.git.kernel.org/platform/prebuilt.git</span><br>
	<span style="FONT-FAMILY:Courier New">cd prebuilt</span><br>
	<span style="FONT-FAMILY:Courier New">git checkout -b cupcake -t
	origin/cupcake</span><br>
	</div>
	<div style=MARGIN-LEFT:40px>
	<span style="FONT-FAMILY:Courier New"></span>
	</div>
	<br>
	<h2>
	Setting Environment Variables
	</h2>
	The NDK requires that you set two environment variables:<br>
	<ul>
	<li>
	PREBUILT must be set to the directory that contains the prebuilt
	toolchain. Include the "prebuilt" directory in the path. Example:
	/Volumes/android/prebuilt<br>
	</li>
	<li>
	ANDROID_SDK_BASE must be set to the directory that contains the
	Android SDK. Example: ~/AndroidSDK<br>
	</li>
	</ul>
	<br>
	<h2>
	<span style=FONT-FAMILY:Verdana>Unpacking the NDK</span>
	</h2>
	Unpack the android_pndk.tar.gz into your working directory<br>
	<br>
	<div style=MARGIN-LEFT:40px>
	<span style="FONT-FAMILY:Courier New">tar -zxvf
	android_pndk.tar.gz</span><br>
	</div>
	<br>
	This will create a directory called pndk. It should contain a README.html
	file (this file) and the following directories: config, include, lib, and
	sample.<br>
	<br>
	Look in the "samples" directory for samples showing how to use the NDK.<br>
	<br>
	<br>
	</div>
	<br>
	</div>
	<br>
	</div>
	<br></body>
	</html>