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/*
* Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*
* Implementation file of the dex layout visualization.
*
* This is a tool to read dex files into an internal representation,
* reorganize the representation, and emit dex files with a better
* file layout.
*/
#include "dex_visualize.h"
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <functional>
#include <memory>
#include <vector>
#include <android-base/logging.h>
#include "dex_ir.h"
#include "dexlayout.h"
#include "profile/profile_compilation_info.h"
namespace art {
static std::string MultidexName(const std::string& prefix,
size_t dex_file_index,
const std::string& suffix) {
return prefix + ((dex_file_index > 0) ? std::to_string(dex_file_index + 1) : "") + suffix;
}
class Dumper {
public:
// Colors are based on the type of the section in MapList.
explicit Dumper(dex_ir::Header* header)
: out_file_(nullptr),
sorted_sections_(
dex_ir::GetSortedDexFileSections(header, dex_ir::SortDirection::kSortDescending)) { }
bool OpenAndPrintHeader(size_t dex_index) {
// Open the file and emit the gnuplot prologue.
out_file_ = fopen(MultidexName("layout", dex_index, ".gnuplot").c_str(), "we");
if (out_file_ == nullptr) {
return false;
}
fprintf(out_file_, "set terminal png size 1920,1080\n");
fprintf(out_file_, "set output \"%s\"\n", MultidexName("layout", dex_index, ".png").c_str());
fprintf(out_file_, "set title \"%s\"\n", MultidexName("classes", dex_index, ".dex").c_str());
fprintf(out_file_, "set xlabel \"Page offset into dex\"\n");
fprintf(out_file_, "set ylabel \"ClassDef index\"\n");
fprintf(out_file_, "set xtics rotate out (");
bool printed_one = false;
for (const dex_ir::DexFileSection& s : sorted_sections_) {
if (s.size > 0) {
if (printed_one) {
fprintf(out_file_, ", ");
}
fprintf(out_file_, "\"%s\" %" PRIuPTR, s.name.c_str(), s.offset / kPageSize);
printed_one = true;
}
}
fprintf(out_file_, ")\n");
fprintf(out_file_,
"plot \"-\" using 1:2:3:4:5 with vector nohead linewidth 1 lc variable notitle\n");
return true;
}
int GetColor(uint32_t offset) const {
// The dread linear search to find the right section for the reference.
uint16_t section = 0;
for (const dex_ir::DexFileSection& file_section : sorted_sections_) {
if (file_section.offset < offset) {
section = file_section.type;
break;
}
}
// And a lookup table from type to color.
ColorMapType::const_iterator iter = kColorMap.find(section);
if (iter != kColorMap.end()) {
return iter->second;
}
return 0;
}
void DumpAddressRange(uint32_t from, uint32_t size, int class_index) {
const uint32_t low_page = from / kPageSize;
const uint32_t high_page = (size > 0) ? (from + size - 1) / kPageSize : low_page;
const uint32_t size_delta = high_page - low_page;
fprintf(out_file_, "%d %d %d 0 %d\n", low_page, class_index, size_delta, GetColor(from));
}
void DumpAddressRange(const dex_ir::Item* item, int class_index) {
if (item != nullptr) {
DumpAddressRange(item->GetOffset(), item->GetSize(), class_index);
}
}
void DumpStringData(const dex_ir::StringData* string_data, int class_index) {
DumpAddressRange(string_data, class_index);
}
void DumpStringId(const dex_ir::StringId* string_id, int class_index) {
DumpAddressRange(string_id, class_index);
if (string_id == nullptr) {
return;
}
DumpStringData(string_id->DataItem(), class_index);
}
void DumpTypeId(const dex_ir::TypeId* type_id, int class_index) {
DumpAddressRange(type_id, class_index);
DumpStringId(type_id->GetStringId(), class_index);
}
void DumpFieldId(const dex_ir::FieldId* field_id, int class_index) {
DumpAddressRange(field_id, class_index);
if (field_id == nullptr) {
return;
}
DumpTypeId(field_id->Class(), class_index);
DumpTypeId(field_id->Type(), class_index);
DumpStringId(field_id->Name(), class_index);
}
void DumpFieldItem(const dex_ir::FieldItem* field, int class_index) {
DumpAddressRange(field, class_index);
if (field == nullptr) {
return;
}
DumpFieldId(field->GetFieldId(), class_index);
}
void DumpProtoId(const dex_ir::ProtoId* proto_id, int class_index) {
DumpAddressRange(proto_id, class_index);
if (proto_id == nullptr) {
return;
}
DumpStringId(proto_id->Shorty(), class_index);
const dex_ir::TypeList* type_list = proto_id->Parameters();
if (type_list != nullptr) {
for (const dex_ir::TypeId* t : *type_list->GetTypeList()) {
DumpTypeId(t, class_index);
}
}
DumpTypeId(proto_id->ReturnType(), class_index);
}
void DumpMethodId(const dex_ir::MethodId* method_id, int class_index) {
DumpAddressRange(method_id, class_index);
if (method_id == nullptr) {
return;
}
DumpTypeId(method_id->Class(), class_index);
DumpProtoId(method_id->Proto(), class_index);
DumpStringId(method_id->Name(), class_index);
}
void DumpMethodItem(dex_ir::MethodItem* method,
const DexFile* dex_file,
int class_index,
ProfileCompilationInfo* profile_info) {
if (profile_info != nullptr) {
uint32_t method_idx = method->GetMethodId()->GetIndex();
if (!profile_info->GetMethodHotness(MethodReference(dex_file, method_idx)).IsHot()) {
return;
}
}
DumpAddressRange(method, class_index);
if (method == nullptr) {
return;
}
DumpMethodId(method->GetMethodId(), class_index);
const dex_ir::CodeItem* code_item = method->GetCodeItem();
if (code_item != nullptr) {
DumpAddressRange(code_item, class_index);
const dex_ir::CodeFixups* fixups = code_item->GetCodeFixups();
if (fixups != nullptr) {
for (dex_ir::TypeId* type_id : fixups->TypeIds()) {
DumpTypeId(type_id, class_index);
}
for (dex_ir::StringId* string_id : fixups->StringIds()) {
DumpStringId(string_id, class_index);
}
for (dex_ir::MethodId* method_id : fixups->MethodIds()) {
DumpMethodId(method_id, class_index);
}
for (dex_ir::FieldId* field_id : fixups->FieldIds()) {
DumpFieldId(field_id, class_index);
}
}
}
}
~Dumper() {
fclose(out_file_);
}
private:
using ColorMapType = std::map<uint16_t, int>;
const ColorMapType kColorMap = {
{ DexFile::kDexTypeHeaderItem, 1 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeStringIdItem, 2 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeTypeIdItem, 3 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeProtoIdItem, 4 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeFieldIdItem, 5 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeMethodIdItem, 6 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeClassDefItem, 7 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeTypeList, 8 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeAnnotationSetRefList, 9 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeAnnotationSetItem, 10 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeClassDataItem, 11 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeCodeItem, 12 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeStringDataItem, 13 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeDebugInfoItem, 14 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeAnnotationItem, 15 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeEncodedArrayItem, 16 },
{ DexFile::kDexTypeAnnotationsDirectoryItem, 16 }
};
FILE* out_file_;
std::vector<dex_ir::DexFileSection> sorted_sections_;
DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(Dumper);
};
/*
* Dumps a gnuplot data file showing the parts of the dex_file that belong to each class.
* If profiling information is present, it dumps only those classes that are marked as hot.
*/
void VisualizeDexLayout(dex_ir::Header* header,
const DexFile* dex_file,
size_t dex_file_index,
ProfileCompilationInfo* profile_info) {
std::unique_ptr<Dumper> dumper(new Dumper(header));
if (!dumper->OpenAndPrintHeader(dex_file_index)) {
LOG(ERROR) << "Could not open output file.";
return;
}
const uint32_t class_defs_size = header->ClassDefs().Size();
for (uint32_t class_index = 0; class_index < class_defs_size; class_index++) {
dex_ir::ClassDef* class_def = header->ClassDefs()[class_index];
dex::TypeIndex type_idx(class_def->ClassType()->GetIndex());
if (profile_info != nullptr && !profile_info->ContainsClass(*dex_file, type_idx)) {
continue;
}
dumper->DumpAddressRange(class_def, class_index);
// Type id.
dumper->DumpTypeId(class_def->ClassType(), class_index);
// Superclass type id.
dumper->DumpTypeId(class_def->Superclass(), class_index);
// Interfaces.
// TODO(jeffhao): get TypeList from class_def to use Item interface.
static constexpr uint32_t kInterfaceSizeKludge = 8;
dumper->DumpAddressRange(class_def->InterfacesOffset(), kInterfaceSizeKludge, class_index);
// Source file info.
dumper->DumpStringId(class_def->SourceFile(), class_index);
// Annotations.
dumper->DumpAddressRange(class_def->Annotations(), class_index);
// TODO(sehr): walk the annotations and dump them.
// Class data.
dex_ir::ClassData* class_data = class_def->GetClassData();
if (class_data != nullptr) {
dumper->DumpAddressRange(class_data, class_index);
if (class_data->StaticFields()) {
for (auto& field_item : *class_data->StaticFields()) {
dumper->DumpFieldItem(&field_item, class_index);
}
}
if (class_data->InstanceFields()) {
for (auto& field_item : *class_data->InstanceFields()) {
dumper->DumpFieldItem(&field_item, class_index);
}
}
if (class_data->DirectMethods()) {
for (auto& method_item : *class_data->DirectMethods()) {
dumper->DumpMethodItem(&method_item, dex_file, class_index, profile_info);
}
}
if (class_data->VirtualMethods()) {
for (auto& method_item : *class_data->VirtualMethods()) {
dumper->DumpMethodItem(&method_item, dex_file, class_index, profile_info);
}
}
}
} // for
}
static uint32_t FindNextByteAfterSection(dex_ir::Header* header,
const std::vector<dex_ir::DexFileSection>& sorted_sections,
size_t section_index) {
for (size_t i = section_index + 1; i < sorted_sections.size(); ++i) {
const dex_ir::DexFileSection& section = sorted_sections[i];
if (section.size != 0) {
return section.offset;
}
}
return header->FileSize();
}
/*
* Dumps the offset and size of sections within the file.
*/
void ShowDexSectionStatistics(dex_ir::Header* header, size_t dex_file_index) {
// Compute the (multidex) class file name).
fprintf(stdout, "%s (%d bytes)\n",
MultidexName("classes", dex_file_index, ".dex").c_str(),
header->FileSize());
fprintf(stdout, "section offset items bytes pages pct\n");
std::vector<dex_ir::DexFileSection> sorted_sections =
GetSortedDexFileSections(header, dex_ir::SortDirection::kSortAscending);
for (size_t i = 0; i < sorted_sections.size(); ++i) {
const dex_ir::DexFileSection& file_section = sorted_sections[i];
uint32_t bytes = 0;
if (file_section.size > 0) {
bytes = FindNextByteAfterSection(header, sorted_sections, i) - file_section.offset;
}
fprintf(stdout,
"%-10s %8d %8d %8d %8" PRIuPTR " %%%02d\n",
file_section.name.c_str(),
file_section.offset,
file_section.size,
bytes,
RoundUp(bytes, kPageSize) / kPageSize,
100 * bytes / header->FileSize());
}
fprintf(stdout, "\n");
}
} // namespace art