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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Appendix D.  GNU General Public License version 3</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.74.0" /><link rel="home" href="../spine.html" title="The GNU C++ Library Documentation" /><link rel="up" href="spine.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="prev" href="appendix_free.html" title="Appendix C.  Free Software Needs Free Documentation" /><link rel="next" href="appendix_gfdl.html" title="Appendix E. GNU Free Documentation License" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Appendix D. 
    GNU General Public License version 3
  </th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="appendix_free.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">The GNU C++ Library</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="appendix_gfdl.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="appendix" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="appendix.gpl-3.0"></a>Appendix D. 
    <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License version 3
  </h2></div></div></div><p>
    Version 3, 29 June 2007
  </p><p>
    Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    <a class="ulink" href="http://fsf.org/" target="_top">http://fsf.org/</a>
  </p><p>
    Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license
    document, but changing it is not allowed.
  </p><h2><a id="gpl-3-preamble"></a>
    Preamble
  </h2><p>
    The <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License is a free, copyleft
    license for software and other kinds of works.
  </p><p>
    The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed to
    take away your freedom to share and change the works.  By contrast, the
    <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License is intended to guarantee your
    freedom to share and change all versions of a program—to make sure it
    remains free software for all its users.  We, the Free Software Foundation,
    use the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License for most of our
    software; it applies also to any other work released this way by its
    authors.  You can apply it to your programs, too.
  </p><p>
    When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price.  Our
    General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom
    to distribute copies of free software (and charge for them if you wish),
    that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can
    change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs, and that you
    know you can do these things.
  </p><p>
    To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you these
    rights or asking you to surrender the rights.  Therefore, you have certain
    responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify
    it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
  </p><p>
    For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or
    for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same freedoms that you
    received.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source
    code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
  </p><p>
    Developers that use the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>
    protect your rights with two steps: (1) assert copyright on the software,
    and (2) offer you this License giving you legal permission to copy,
    distribute and/or modify it.
  </p><p>
    For the developers’ and authors’ protection, the
    <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym> clearly explains that there is no warranty for this
    free software.  For both users’ and authors’ sake, the
    <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym> requires that modified versions be marked as changed,
    so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to authors of
    previous versions.
  </p><p>
    Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run modified
    versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer can do so.
    This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of protecting users’
    freedom to change the software.  The systematic pattern of such abuse occurs
    in the area of products for individuals to use, which is precisely where it
    is most unacceptable.  Therefore, we have designed this version of the
    <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym> to prohibit the practice for those products.  If such
    problems arise substantially in other domains, we stand ready to extend this
    provision to those domains in future versions of the <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>,
    as needed to protect the freedom of users.
  </p><p>
    Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents.  States
    should not allow patents to restrict development and use of software on
    general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to avoid the
    special danger that patents applied to a free program could make it
    effectively proprietary.  To prevent this, the <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>
    assures that patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.
  </p><p>
    The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification
    follow.
  </p><h2><a id="id518323"></a>
    TERMS AND CONDITIONS
  </h2><h2><a id="gpl-3-definitions"></a>
    0. Definitions.
  </h2><p>
    “This License” refers to version 3 of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym>
    General Public License.
  </p><p>
    “Copyright” also means copyright-like laws that apply to other
    kinds of works, such as semiconductor masks.
  </p><p>
    “The Program” refers to any copyrightable work licensed under
    this License.  Each licensee is addressed as “you”.
    “Licensees” and “recipients” may be individuals or
    organizations.
  </p><p>
    To “modify” a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of
    the work in a fashion requiring copyright permission, other than the making
    of an exact copy.  The resulting work is called a “modified
    version” of the earlier work or a work “based on” the
    earlier work.
  </p><p>
    A “covered work” means either the unmodified Program or a work
    based on the Program.
  </p><p>
    To “propagate” a work means to do anything with it that, without
    permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for infringement
    under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a computer or
    modifying a private copy.  Propagation includes copying, distribution (with
    or without modification), making available to the public, and in some
    countries other activities as well.
  </p><p>
    To “convey” a work means any kind of propagation that enables
    other parties to make or receive copies.  Mere interaction with a user
    through a computer network, with no transfer of a copy, is not conveying.
  </p><p>
    An interactive user interface displays “Appropriate Legal
    Notices” to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently
    visible feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2)
    tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the extent
    that warranties are provided), that licensees may convey the work under this
    License, and how to view a copy of this License.  If the interface presents
    a list of user commands or options, such as a menu, a prominent item in the
    list meets this criterion.
  </p><h2><a id="SourceCode"></a>
    1. Source Code.
  </h2><p>
    The “source code” for a work means the preferred form of the
    work for making modifications to it.  “Object code” means any
    non-source form of a work.
  </p><p>
    A “Standard Interface” means an interface that either is an
    official standard defined by a recognized standards body, or, in the case of
    interfaces specified for a particular programming language, one that is
    widely used among developers working in that language.
  </p><p>
    The “System Libraries” of an executable work include anything,
    other than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of
    packaging a Major Component, but which is not part of that Major Component,
    and (b) serves only to enable use of the work with that Major Component, or
    to implement a Standard Interface for which an implementation is available
    to the public in source code form.  A “Major Component”, in this
    context, means a major essential component (kernel, window system, and so
    on) of the specific operating system (if any) on which the executable work
    runs, or a compiler used to produce the work, or an object code interpreter
    used to run it.
  </p><p>
    The “Corresponding Source” for a work in object code form means
    all the source code needed to generate, install, and (for an executable
    work) run the object code and to modify the work, including scripts to
    control those activities.  However, it does not include the work’s
    System Libraries, or general-purpose tools or generally available free
    programs which are used unmodified in performing those activities but which
    are not part of the work.  For example, Corresponding Source includes
    interface definition files associated with source files for the work, and
    the source code for shared libraries and dynamically linked subprograms that
    the work is specifically designed to require, such as by intimate data
    communication or control flow between those subprograms and other parts of
    the work.
  </p><p>
    The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users can regenerate
    automatically from other parts of the Corresponding Source.
  </p><p>
    The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that same work.
  </p><h2><a id="BasicPermissions"></a>
    2. Basic Permissions.
  </h2><p>
    All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of copyright
    on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated conditions are met.
    This License explicitly affirms your unlimited permission to run the
    unmodified Program.  The output from running a covered work is covered by
    this License only if the output, given its content, constitutes a covered
    work.  This License acknowledges your rights of fair use or other
    equivalent, as provided by copyright law.
  </p><p>
    You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not convey,
    without conditions so long as your license otherwise remains in force.  You
    may convey covered works to others for the sole purpose of having them make
    modifications exclusively for you, or provide you with facilities for
    running those works, provided that you comply with the terms of this License
    in conveying all material for which you do not control copyright.  Those
    thus making or running the covered works for you must do so exclusively on
    your behalf, under your direction and control, on terms that prohibit them
    from making any copies of your copyrighted material outside their
    relationship with you.
  </p><p>
    Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under the
    conditions stated below.  Sublicensing is not allowed; section 10 makes it
    unnecessary.
  </p><h2><a id="Protecting"></a>
    3. Protecting Users’ Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
  </h2><p>
    No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological measure
    under any applicable law fulfilling obligations under article 11 of the WIPO
    copyright treaty adopted on 20 December 1996, or similar laws prohibiting or
    restricting circumvention of such measures.
  </p><p>
    When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid
    circumvention of technological measures to the extent such circumvention is
    effected by exercising rights under this License with respect to the covered
    work, and you disclaim any intention to limit operation or modification of
    the work as a means of enforcing, against the work’s users, your or
    third parties’ legal rights to forbid circumvention of technological
    measures.
  </p><h2><a id="ConveyingVerbatim"></a>
    4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.
  </h2><p>
    You may convey verbatim copies of the Program’s source code as you
    receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately
    publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice; keep intact all
    notices stating that this License and any non-permissive terms added in
    accord with section 7 apply to the code; keep intact all notices of the
    absence of any warranty; and give all recipients a copy of this License
    along with the Program.
  </p><p>
    You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey, and you
    may offer support or warranty protection for a fee.
  </p><h2><a id="ConveyingModified"></a>
    5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
  </h2><p>
    You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to produce
    it from the Program, in the form of source code under the terms of section
    4, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
  </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="a"><li><p>
        The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified it, and
        giving a relevant date.
      </p></li><li><p>
        The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is released under
        this License and any conditions added under section 7.  This requirement
        modifies the requirement in section 4 to “keep intact all
        notices”.
      </p></li><li><p>
        You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this License to
        anyone who comes into possession of a copy.  This License will therefore
        apply, along with any applicable section 7 additional terms, to the
        whole of the work, and all its parts, regardless of how they are
        packaged.  This License gives no permission to license the work in any
        other way, but it does not invalidate such permission if you have
        separately received it.
      </p></li><li><p>
        If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display
        Appropriate Legal Notices; however, if the Program has interactive
        interfaces that do not display Appropriate Legal Notices, your work need
        not make them do so.
      </p></li></ol></div><p>
    A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent works,
    which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work, and which are
    not combined with it such as to form a larger program, in or on a volume of
    a storage or distribution medium, is called an “aggregate” if
    the compilation and its resulting copyright are not used to limit the access
    or legal rights of the compilation’s users beyond what the individual works
    permit.  Inclusion of a covered work in an aggregate does not cause
    this License to apply to the other parts of the aggregate.
  </p><h2><a id="ConveyingNonSource"></a>
    6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
  </h2><p>
    You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms of
    sections 4 and 5, provided that you also convey the machine-readable
    Corresponding Source under the terms of this License, in one of these ways:
  </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="a"><li><p>
        Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product (including
        a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the Corresponding Source
        fixed on a durable physical medium customarily used for software
        interchange.
      </p></li><li><p>
        Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product (including
        a physical distribution medium), accompanied by a written offer, valid
        for at least three years and valid for as long as you offer spare parts
        or customer support for that product model, to give anyone who possesses
        the object code either (1) a copy of the Corresponding Source for all
        the software in the product that is covered by this License, on a
        durable physical medium customarily used for software interchange, for a
        price no more than your reasonable cost of physically performing this
        conveying of source, or (2) access to copy the Corresponding Source from
        a network server at no charge.
      </p></li><li><p>
        Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the written
        offer to provide the Corresponding Source.  This alternative is allowed
        only occasionally and noncommercially, and only if you received the
        object code with such an offer, in accord with subsection 6b.
      </p></li><li><p>
        Convey the object code by offering access from a designated place
        (gratis or for a charge), and offer equivalent access to the
        Corresponding Source in the same way through the same place at no
        further charge.  You need not require recipients to copy the
        Corresponding Source along with the object code.  If the place to copy
        the object code is a network server, the Corresponding Source may be on
        a different server (operated by you or a third party) that supports
        equivalent copying facilities, provided you maintain clear directions
        next to the object code saying where to find the Corresponding Source.
        Regardless of what server hosts the Corresponding Source, you remain
        obligated to ensure that it is available for as long as needed to
        satisfy these requirements.
      </p></li><li><p>
        Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided you
        inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding Source of the
        work are being offered to the general public at no charge under
        subsection 6d.
      </p></li></ol></div><p>
    A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded from
    the Corresponding Source as a System Library, need not be included in
    conveying the object code work.
  </p><p>
    A “User Product” is either (1) a “consumer product”,
    which means any tangible personal property which is normally used for
    personal, family, or household purposes, or (2) anything designed or sold
    for incorporation into a dwelling.  In determining whether a product is a
    consumer product, doubtful cases shall be resolved in favor of coverage.
    For a particular product received by a particular user, “normally
    used” refers to a typical or common use of that class of product,
    regardless of the status of the particular user or of the way in which the
    particular user actually uses, or expects or is expected to use, the
    product.  A product is a consumer product regardless of whether the product
    has substantial commercial, industrial or non-consumer uses, unless such
    uses represent the only significant mode of use of the product.
  </p><p>
    “Installation Information” for a User Product means any methods,
    procedures, authorization keys, or other information required to install and
    execute modified versions of a covered work in that User Product from a
    modified version of its Corresponding Source.  The information must suffice
    to ensure that the continued functioning of the modified object code is in
    no case prevented or interfered with solely because modification has been
    made.
  </p><p>
    If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or
    specifically for use in, a User Product, and the conveying occurs as part of
    a transaction in which the right of possession and use of the User Product
    is transferred to the recipient in perpetuity or for a fixed term
    (regardless of how the transaction is characterized), the Corresponding
    Source conveyed under this section must be accompanied by the Installation
    Information.  But this requirement does not apply if neither you nor any
    third party retains the ability to install modified object code on the User
    Product (for example, the work has been installed in
    <acronym class="acronym">ROM</acronym>).
  </p><p>
    The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a
    requirement to continue to provide support service, warranty, or updates for
    a work that has been modified or installed by the recipient, or for the User
    Product in which it has been modified or installed.  Access to a network may
    be denied when the modification itself materially and adversely affects the
    operation of the network or violates the rules and protocols for
    communication across the network.
  </p><p>
    Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided, in
    accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly documented
    (and with an implementation available to the public in source code form),
    and must require no special password or key for unpacking, reading or
    copying.
  </p><h2><a id="AdditionalTerms"></a>
     7. Additional Terms.
   </h2><p>
     “Additional permissions” are terms that supplement the terms of
     this License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
     Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall be
     treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent that
     they are valid under applicable law.  If additional permissions apply only
     to part of the Program, that part may be used separately under those
     permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by this License
     without regard to the additional permissions.
   </p><p>
     When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option remove any
     additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of it.  (Additional
     permissions may be written to require their own removal in certain cases
     when you modify the work.)  You may place additional permissions on
     material, added by you to a covered work, for which you have or can give
     appropriate copyright permission.
   </p><p>
     Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you add
     to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of that
     material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
   </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="a"><li><p>
         Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the terms
         of sections 15 and 16 of this License; or
       </p></li><li><p>
         Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or author
         attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal Notices
         displayed by works containing it; or
       </p></li><li><p>
         Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material, or
         requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
         reasonable ways as different from the original version; or
       </p></li><li><p>
         Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or
         authors of the material; or
       </p></li><li><p>
         Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some trade
         names, trademarks, or service marks; or
       </p></li><li><p>
         Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that material by
         anyone who conveys the material (or modified versions of it) with
         contractual assumptions of liability to the recipient, for any
         liability that these contractual assumptions directly impose on those
         licensors and authors.
       </p></li></ol></div><p>
     All other non-permissive additional terms are considered “further
     restrictions” within the meaning of section 10.  If the Program as
     you received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is
     governed by this License along with a term that is a further restriction,
     you may remove that term.  If a license document contains a further
     restriction but permits relicensing or conveying under this License, you
     may add to a covered work material governed by the terms of that license
     document, provided that the further restriction does not survive such
     relicensing or conveying.
   </p><p>
     If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you must
     place, in the relevant source files, a statement of the additional terms
     that apply to those files, or a notice indicating where to find the
     applicable terms.
   </p><p>
     Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the form
     of a separately written license, or stated as exceptions; the above
     requirements apply either way.
   </p><h2><a id="gpl-3-termination"></a>
     8. Termination.
   </h2><p>
     You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly provided
     under this License.  Any attempt otherwise to propagate or modify it is
     void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License
     (including any patent licenses granted under the third paragraph of section
     11).
   </p><p>
     However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license from
     a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and
     until the copyright holder explicitly and finally terminates your license,
     and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder fails to notify you of the
     violation by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after the cessation.
   </p><p>
     Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated
     permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the violation by some
     reasonable means, this is the first time you have received notice of
     violation of this License (for any work) from that copyright holder, and
     you cure the violation prior to 30 days after your receipt of the notice.
   </p><p>
     Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
     licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under this
     License.  If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
     reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same
     material under section 10.
   </p><h2><a id="AcceptanceNotRequired"></a>
     9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
   </h2><p>
     You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or run a
     copy of the Program.  Ancillary propagation of a covered work occurring
     solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission to receive a
     copy likewise does not require acceptance.  However, nothing other than
     this License grants you permission to propagate or modify any covered work.
     These actions infringe copyright if you do not accept this License.
     Therefore, by modifying or propagating a covered work, you indicate your
     acceptance of this License to do so.
   </p><h2><a id="AutomaticDownstream"></a>
     10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
   </h2><p>
     Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically receives a
     license from the original licensors, to run, modify and propagate that
     work, subject to this License.  You are not responsible for enforcing
     compliance by third parties with this License.
   </p><p>
     An “entity transaction” is a transaction transferring control
     of an organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an
     organization, or merging organizations.  If propagation of a covered work
     results from an entity transaction, each party to that transaction who
     receives a copy of the work also receives whatever licenses to the work the
     party’s predecessor in interest had or could give under the previous
     paragraph, plus a right to possession of the Corresponding Source of the
     work from the predecessor in interest, if the predecessor has it or can get
     it with reasonable efforts.
   </p><p>
     You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the rights
     granted or affirmed under this License.  For example, you may not impose a
     license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of rights granted under
     this License, and you may not initiate litigation (including a cross-claim
     or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that any patent claim is infringed
     by making, using, selling, offering for sale, or importing the Program or
     any portion of it.
   </p><h2><a id="Patents"></a>
    11. Patents.
  </h2><p>
    A “contributor” is a copyright holder who authorizes use under
    this License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based.  The
    work thus licensed is called the contributor’s “contributor
    version”.
  </p><p>
    A contributor’s “essential patent claims” are all patent
    claims owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
    hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted by
    this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version, but do
    not include claims that would be infringed only as a consequence of further
    modification of the contributor version.  For purposes of this definition,
    “control” includes the right to grant patent sublicenses in a
    manner consistent with the requirements of this License.
  </p><p>
    Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free patent
    license under the contributor’s essential patent claims, to make, use,
    sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and propagate the
    contents of its contributor version.
  </p><p>
    In the following three paragraphs, a “patent license” is any
    express agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a
    patent (such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not
    to sue for patent infringement).  To “grant” such a patent
    license to a party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to
    enforce a patent against the party.
  </p><p>
    If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license, and the
    Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone to copy, free
    of charge and under the terms of this License, through a publicly available
    network server or other readily accessible means, then you must either (1)
    cause the Corresponding Source to be so available, or (2) arrange to deprive
    yourself of the benefit of the patent license for this particular work, or
    (3) arrange, in a manner consistent with the requirements of this License,
    to extend the patent license to downstream recipients.  “Knowingly
    relying” means you have actual knowledge that, but for the patent
    license, your conveying the covered work in a country, or your
    recipient’s use of the covered work in a country, would infringe one
    or more identifiable patents in that country that you have reason to believe
    are valid.
  </p><p>
    If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or arrangement,
    you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a covered work, and
    grant a patent license to some of the parties receiving the covered work
    authorizing them to use, propagate, modify or convey a specific copy of the
    covered work, then the patent license you grant is automatically extended to
    all recipients of the covered work and works based on it.
  </p><p>
    A patent license is “discriminatory” if it does not include
    within the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
    conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
    specifically granted under this License.  You may not convey a covered work
    if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is in the
    business of distributing software, under which you make payment to the third
    party based on the extent of your activity of conveying the work, and under
    which the third party grants, to any of the parties who would receive the
    covered work from you, a discriminatory patent license (a) in connection
    with copies of the covered work conveyed by you (or copies made from those
    copies), or (b) primarily for and in connection with specific products or
    compilations that contain the covered work, unless you entered into that
    arrangement, or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
  </p><p>
    Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting any
    implied license or other defenses to infringement that may otherwise be
    available to you under applicable patent law.
  </p><h2><a id="NoSurrender"></a>
    12. No Surrender of Others’ Freedom.
  </h2><p>
    If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
    otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
    excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot convey a
    covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
    License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
    not convey it at all.  For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
    to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey the
    Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this License
    would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
  </p><h2><a id="UsedWithAGPL"></a>
    13. Use with the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Affero General Public License.
  </h2><p>
    Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have permission to
    link or combine any covered work with a work licensed under version 3 of the
    <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Affero General Public License into a single combined
    work, and to convey the resulting work.  The terms of this License will
    continue to apply to the part which is the covered work, but the special
    requirements of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Affero General Public License,
    section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
    combination as such.
  </p><h2><a id="RevisedVersions"></a>
    14. Revised Versions of this License.
  </h2><p>
    The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the
    <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License from time to time.  Such new
    versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
    detail to address new problems or concerns.
  </p><p>
    Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Program
    specifies that a certain numbered version of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym>
    General Public License “or any later version” applies to it, you
    have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that
    numbered version or of any later version published by the Free Software
    Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of the
    <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License, you may choose any version
    ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
  </p><p>
    If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of
    the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License can be used, that
    proxy’s public statement of acceptance of a version permanently
    authorizes you to choose that version for the Program.
  </p><p>
    Later license versions may give you additional or different permissions.
    However, no additional obligations are imposed on any author or copyright
    holder as a result of your choosing to follow a later version.
  </p><h2><a id="WarrantyDisclaimer"></a>
    15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
  </h2><p>
    THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE
    LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR
    OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
    ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
    THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH
    YOU.  SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL
    NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
  </p><h2><a id="LiabilityLimitation"></a>
    16. Limitation of Liability.
  </h2><p>
    IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL
    ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS THE
    PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
    GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE
    OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA
    OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
    PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
    EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
    SUCH DAMAGES.
  </p><h2><a id="InterpretationSecs1516"></a>
    17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
  </h2><p>
    If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided above
    cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, reviewing
    courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates an absolute
    waiver of all civil liability in connection with the Program, unless a
    warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a copy of the Program in
    return for a fee.
  </p><h2><a id="id387622"></a>
    END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
  </h2><h2><a id="HowToApply"></a>
    How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
  </h2><p>
    If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible
    use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software
    which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
  </p><p>
    To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest to
    attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively state the
    exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the
    “copyright” line and a pointer to where the full notice is
    found.
  </p><pre class="screen">
<em class="replaceable"><code>one line to give the program’s name and a brief idea of what it does.</code></em>
Copyright (C) <em class="replaceable"><code>year</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>name of author</code></em>

This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
<acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License
along with this program.  If not, see <a class="ulink" href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/licenses/</a>.
  </pre><p>
    Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
  </p><p>
    If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short notice like
    this when it starts in an interactive mode:
  </p><pre class="screen">
<em class="replaceable"><code>program</code></em> Copyright (C) <em class="replaceable"><code>year</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>name of author</code></em>
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type ‘<code class="literal">show w</code>’.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type ‘<code class="literal">show c</code>’ for details.
  </pre><p>
    The hypothetical commands ‘<code class="literal">show w</code>’ and
    ‘<code class="literal">show c</code>’ should show the appropriate parts of
    the General Public License.  Of course, your program’s commands might be
    different; for a GUI interface, you would use an “about box”.
  </p><p>
    You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
    if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if
    necessary.  For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the
    <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>, see
    <a class="ulink" href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/licenses/</a>.
  </p><p>
    The <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License does not permit
    incorporating your program into proprietary programs.  If your program is a
    subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking
    proprietary applications with the library.  If this is what you want to do,
    use the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Lesser General Public License instead of this
    License.  But first, please read <a class="ulink" href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html</a>.
  </p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="appendix_free.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="spine.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="appendix_gfdl.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Appendix C. 
  Free Software Needs Free Documentation
  
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