| """Thread module emulating a subset of Java's threading model.""" |
| |
| import sys as _sys |
| |
| try: |
| import thread |
| except ImportError: |
| del _sys.modules[__name__] |
| raise |
| |
| import warnings |
| |
| from collections import deque as _deque |
| from time import time as _time, sleep as _sleep |
| from traceback import format_exc as _format_exc |
| |
| # Note regarding PEP 8 compliant aliases |
| # This threading model was originally inspired by Java, and inherited |
| # the convention of camelCase function and method names from that |
| # language. While those names are not in any imminent danger of being |
| # deprecated, starting with Python 2.6, the module now provides a |
| # PEP 8 compliant alias for any such method name. |
| # Using the new PEP 8 compliant names also facilitates substitution |
| # with the multiprocessing module, which doesn't provide the old |
| # Java inspired names. |
| |
| |
| # Rename some stuff so "from threading import *" is safe |
| __all__ = ['activeCount', 'active_count', 'Condition', 'currentThread', |
| 'current_thread', 'enumerate', 'Event', |
| 'Lock', 'RLock', 'Semaphore', 'BoundedSemaphore', 'Thread', |
| 'Timer', 'setprofile', 'settrace', 'local', 'stack_size'] |
| |
| _start_new_thread = thread.start_new_thread |
| _allocate_lock = thread.allocate_lock |
| _get_ident = thread.get_ident |
| ThreadError = thread.error |
| del thread |
| |
| |
| # sys.exc_clear is used to work around the fact that except blocks |
| # don't fully clear the exception until 3.0. |
| warnings.filterwarnings('ignore', category=DeprecationWarning, |
| module='threading', message='sys.exc_clear') |
| |
| # Debug support (adapted from ihooks.py). |
| # All the major classes here derive from _Verbose. We force that to |
| # be a new-style class so that all the major classes here are new-style. |
| # This helps debugging (type(instance) is more revealing for instances |
| # of new-style classes). |
| |
| _VERBOSE = False |
| |
| if __debug__: |
| |
| class _Verbose(object): |
| |
| def __init__(self, verbose=None): |
| if verbose is None: |
| verbose = _VERBOSE |
| self.__verbose = verbose |
| |
| def _note(self, format, *args): |
| if self.__verbose: |
| format = format % args |
| # Issue #4188: calling current_thread() can incur an infinite |
| # recursion if it has to create a DummyThread on the fly. |
| ident = _get_ident() |
| try: |
| name = _active[ident].name |
| except KeyError: |
| name = "<OS thread %d>" % ident |
| format = "%s: %s\n" % (name, format) |
| _sys.stderr.write(format) |
| |
| else: |
| # Disable this when using "python -O" |
| class _Verbose(object): |
| def __init__(self, verbose=None): |
| pass |
| def _note(self, *args): |
| pass |
| |
| # Support for profile and trace hooks |
| |
| _profile_hook = None |
| _trace_hook = None |
| |
| def setprofile(func): |
| """Set a profile function for all threads started from the threading module. |
| |
| The func will be passed to sys.setprofile() for each thread, before its |
| run() method is called. |
| |
| """ |
| global _profile_hook |
| _profile_hook = func |
| |
| def settrace(func): |
| """Set a trace function for all threads started from the threading module. |
| |
| The func will be passed to sys.settrace() for each thread, before its run() |
| method is called. |
| |
| """ |
| global _trace_hook |
| _trace_hook = func |
| |
| # Synchronization classes |
| |
| Lock = _allocate_lock |
| |
| def RLock(*args, **kwargs): |
| """Factory function that returns a new reentrant lock. |
| |
| A reentrant lock must be released by the thread that acquired it. Once a |
| thread has acquired a reentrant lock, the same thread may acquire it again |
| without blocking; the thread must release it once for each time it has |
| acquired it. |
| |
| """ |
| return _RLock(*args, **kwargs) |
| |
| class _RLock(_Verbose): |
| """A reentrant lock must be released by the thread that acquired it. Once a |
| thread has acquired a reentrant lock, the same thread may acquire it |
| again without blocking; the thread must release it once for each time it |
| has acquired it. |
| """ |
| |
| def __init__(self, verbose=None): |
| _Verbose.__init__(self, verbose) |
| self.__block = _allocate_lock() |
| self.__owner = None |
| self.__count = 0 |
| |
| def __repr__(self): |
| owner = self.__owner |
| try: |
| owner = _active[owner].name |
| except KeyError: |
| pass |
| return "<%s owner=%r count=%d>" % ( |
| self.__class__.__name__, owner, self.__count) |
| |
| def acquire(self, blocking=1): |
| """Acquire a lock, blocking or non-blocking. |
| |
| When invoked without arguments: if this thread already owns the lock, |
| increment the recursion level by one, and return immediately. Otherwise, |
| if another thread owns the lock, block until the lock is unlocked. Once |
| the lock is unlocked (not owned by any thread), then grab ownership, set |
| the recursion level to one, and return. If more than one thread is |
| blocked waiting until the lock is unlocked, only one at a time will be |
| able to grab ownership of the lock. There is no return value in this |
| case. |
| |
| When invoked with the blocking argument set to true, do the same thing |
| as when called without arguments, and return true. |
| |
| When invoked with the blocking argument set to false, do not block. If a |
| call without an argument would block, return false immediately; |
| otherwise, do the same thing as when called without arguments, and |
| return true. |
| |
| """ |
| me = _get_ident() |
| if self.__owner == me: |
| self.__count = self.__count + 1 |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.acquire(%s): recursive success", self, blocking) |
| return 1 |
| rc = self.__block.acquire(blocking) |
| if rc: |
| self.__owner = me |
| self.__count = 1 |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.acquire(%s): initial success", self, blocking) |
| else: |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.acquire(%s): failure", self, blocking) |
| return rc |
| |
| __enter__ = acquire |
| |
| def release(self): |
| """Release a lock, decrementing the recursion level. |
| |
| If after the decrement it is zero, reset the lock to unlocked (not owned |
| by any thread), and if any other threads are blocked waiting for the |
| lock to become unlocked, allow exactly one of them to proceed. If after |
| the decrement the recursion level is still nonzero, the lock remains |
| locked and owned by the calling thread. |
| |
| Only call this method when the calling thread owns the lock. A |
| RuntimeError is raised if this method is called when the lock is |
| unlocked. |
| |
| There is no return value. |
| |
| """ |
| if self.__owner != _get_ident(): |
| raise RuntimeError("cannot release un-acquired lock") |
| self.__count = count = self.__count - 1 |
| if not count: |
| self.__owner = None |
| self.__block.release() |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.release(): final release", self) |
| else: |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.release(): non-final release", self) |
| |
| def __exit__(self, t, v, tb): |
| self.release() |
| |
| # Internal methods used by condition variables |
| |
| def _acquire_restore(self, count_owner): |
| count, owner = count_owner |
| self.__block.acquire() |
| self.__count = count |
| self.__owner = owner |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s._acquire_restore()", self) |
| |
| def _release_save(self): |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s._release_save()", self) |
| count = self.__count |
| self.__count = 0 |
| owner = self.__owner |
| self.__owner = None |
| self.__block.release() |
| return (count, owner) |
| |
| def _is_owned(self): |
| return self.__owner == _get_ident() |
| |
| |
| def Condition(*args, **kwargs): |
| """Factory function that returns a new condition variable object. |
| |
| A condition variable allows one or more threads to wait until they are |
| notified by another thread. |
| |
| If the lock argument is given and not None, it must be a Lock or RLock |
| object, and it is used as the underlying lock. Otherwise, a new RLock object |
| is created and used as the underlying lock. |
| |
| """ |
| return _Condition(*args, **kwargs) |
| |
| class _Condition(_Verbose): |
| """Condition variables allow one or more threads to wait until they are |
| notified by another thread. |
| """ |
| |
| def __init__(self, lock=None, verbose=None): |
| _Verbose.__init__(self, verbose) |
| if lock is None: |
| lock = RLock() |
| self.__lock = lock |
| # Export the lock's acquire() and release() methods |
| self.acquire = lock.acquire |
| self.release = lock.release |
| # If the lock defines _release_save() and/or _acquire_restore(), |
| # these override the default implementations (which just call |
| # release() and acquire() on the lock). Ditto for _is_owned(). |
| try: |
| self._release_save = lock._release_save |
| except AttributeError: |
| pass |
| try: |
| self._acquire_restore = lock._acquire_restore |
| except AttributeError: |
| pass |
| try: |
| self._is_owned = lock._is_owned |
| except AttributeError: |
| pass |
| self.__waiters = [] |
| |
| def __enter__(self): |
| return self.__lock.__enter__() |
| |
| def __exit__(self, *args): |
| return self.__lock.__exit__(*args) |
| |
| def __repr__(self): |
| return "<Condition(%s, %d)>" % (self.__lock, len(self.__waiters)) |
| |
| def _release_save(self): |
| self.__lock.release() # No state to save |
| |
| def _acquire_restore(self, x): |
| self.__lock.acquire() # Ignore saved state |
| |
| def _is_owned(self): |
| # Return True if lock is owned by current_thread. |
| # This method is called only if __lock doesn't have _is_owned(). |
| if self.__lock.acquire(0): |
| self.__lock.release() |
| return False |
| else: |
| return True |
| |
| def wait(self, timeout=None): |
| """Wait until notified or until a timeout occurs. |
| |
| If the calling thread has not acquired the lock when this method is |
| called, a RuntimeError is raised. |
| |
| This method releases the underlying lock, and then blocks until it is |
| awakened by a notify() or notifyAll() call for the same condition |
| variable in another thread, or until the optional timeout occurs. Once |
| awakened or timed out, it re-acquires the lock and returns. |
| |
| When the timeout argument is present and not None, it should be a |
| floating point number specifying a timeout for the operation in seconds |
| (or fractions thereof). |
| |
| When the underlying lock is an RLock, it is not released using its |
| release() method, since this may not actually unlock the lock when it |
| was acquired multiple times recursively. Instead, an internal interface |
| of the RLock class is used, which really unlocks it even when it has |
| been recursively acquired several times. Another internal interface is |
| then used to restore the recursion level when the lock is reacquired. |
| |
| """ |
| if not self._is_owned(): |
| raise RuntimeError("cannot wait on un-acquired lock") |
| waiter = _allocate_lock() |
| waiter.acquire() |
| self.__waiters.append(waiter) |
| saved_state = self._release_save() |
| try: # restore state no matter what (e.g., KeyboardInterrupt) |
| if timeout is None: |
| waiter.acquire() |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.wait(): got it", self) |
| else: |
| # Balancing act: We can't afford a pure busy loop, so we |
| # have to sleep; but if we sleep the whole timeout time, |
| # we'll be unresponsive. The scheme here sleeps very |
| # little at first, longer as time goes on, but never longer |
| # than 20 times per second (or the timeout time remaining). |
| endtime = _time() + timeout |
| delay = 0.0005 # 500 us -> initial delay of 1 ms |
| while True: |
| gotit = waiter.acquire(0) |
| if gotit: |
| break |
| remaining = endtime - _time() |
| if remaining <= 0: |
| break |
| delay = min(delay * 2, remaining, .05) |
| _sleep(delay) |
| if not gotit: |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.wait(%s): timed out", self, timeout) |
| try: |
| self.__waiters.remove(waiter) |
| except ValueError: |
| pass |
| else: |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.wait(%s): got it", self, timeout) |
| finally: |
| self._acquire_restore(saved_state) |
| |
| def notify(self, n=1): |
| """Wake up one or more threads waiting on this condition, if any. |
| |
| If the calling thread has not acquired the lock when this method is |
| called, a RuntimeError is raised. |
| |
| This method wakes up at most n of the threads waiting for the condition |
| variable; it is a no-op if no threads are waiting. |
| |
| """ |
| if not self._is_owned(): |
| raise RuntimeError("cannot notify on un-acquired lock") |
| __waiters = self.__waiters |
| waiters = __waiters[:n] |
| if not waiters: |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.notify(): no waiters", self) |
| return |
| self._note("%s.notify(): notifying %d waiter%s", self, n, |
| n!=1 and "s" or "") |
| for waiter in waiters: |
| waiter.release() |
| try: |
| __waiters.remove(waiter) |
| except ValueError: |
| pass |
| |
| def notifyAll(self): |
| """Wake up all threads waiting on this condition. |
| |
| If the calling thread has not acquired the lock when this method |
| is called, a RuntimeError is raised. |
| |
| """ |
| self.notify(len(self.__waiters)) |
| |
| notify_all = notifyAll |
| |
| |
| def Semaphore(*args, **kwargs): |
| """A factory function that returns a new semaphore. |
| |
| Semaphores manage a counter representing the number of release() calls minus |
| the number of acquire() calls, plus an initial value. The acquire() method |
| blocks if necessary until it can return without making the counter |
| negative. If not given, value defaults to 1. |
| |
| """ |
| return _Semaphore(*args, **kwargs) |
| |
| class _Semaphore(_Verbose): |
| """Semaphores manage a counter representing the number of release() calls |
| minus the number of acquire() calls, plus an initial value. The acquire() |
| method blocks if necessary until it can return without making the counter |
| negative. If not given, value defaults to 1. |
| |
| """ |
| |
| # After Tim Peters' semaphore class, but not quite the same (no maximum) |
| |
| def __init__(self, value=1, verbose=None): |
| if value < 0: |
| raise ValueError("semaphore initial value must be >= 0") |
| _Verbose.__init__(self, verbose) |
| self.__cond = Condition(Lock()) |
| self.__value = value |
| |
| def acquire(self, blocking=1): |
| """Acquire a semaphore, decrementing the internal counter by one. |
| |
| When invoked without arguments: if the internal counter is larger than |
| zero on entry, decrement it by one and return immediately. If it is zero |
| on entry, block, waiting until some other thread has called release() to |
| make it larger than zero. This is done with proper interlocking so that |
| if multiple acquire() calls are blocked, release() will wake exactly one |
| of them up. The implementation may pick one at random, so the order in |
| which blocked threads are awakened should not be relied on. There is no |
| return value in this case. |
| |
| When invoked with blocking set to true, do the same thing as when called |
| without arguments, and return true. |
| |
| When invoked with blocking set to false, do not block. If a call without |
| an argument would block, return false immediately; otherwise, do the |
| same thing as when called without arguments, and return true. |
| |
| """ |
| rc = False |
| with self.__cond: |
| while self.__value == 0: |
| if not blocking: |
| break |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.acquire(%s): blocked waiting, value=%s", |
| self, blocking, self.__value) |
| self.__cond.wait() |
| else: |
| self.__value = self.__value - 1 |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.acquire: success, value=%s", |
| self, self.__value) |
| rc = True |
| return rc |
| |
| __enter__ = acquire |
| |
| def release(self): |
| """Release a semaphore, incrementing the internal counter by one. |
| |
| When the counter is zero on entry and another thread is waiting for it |
| to become larger than zero again, wake up that thread. |
| |
| """ |
| with self.__cond: |
| self.__value = self.__value + 1 |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.release: success, value=%s", |
| self, self.__value) |
| self.__cond.notify() |
| |
| def __exit__(self, t, v, tb): |
| self.release() |
| |
| |
| def BoundedSemaphore(*args, **kwargs): |
| """A factory function that returns a new bounded semaphore. |
| |
| A bounded semaphore checks to make sure its current value doesn't exceed its |
| initial value. If it does, ValueError is raised. In most situations |
| semaphores are used to guard resources with limited capacity. |
| |
| If the semaphore is released too many times it's a sign of a bug. If not |
| given, value defaults to 1. |
| |
| Like regular semaphores, bounded semaphores manage a counter representing |
| the number of release() calls minus the number of acquire() calls, plus an |
| initial value. The acquire() method blocks if necessary until it can return |
| without making the counter negative. If not given, value defaults to 1. |
| |
| """ |
| return _BoundedSemaphore(*args, **kwargs) |
| |
| class _BoundedSemaphore(_Semaphore): |
| """A bounded semaphore checks to make sure its current value doesn't exceed |
| its initial value. If it does, ValueError is raised. In most situations |
| semaphores are used to guard resources with limited capacity. |
| """ |
| |
| def __init__(self, value=1, verbose=None): |
| _Semaphore.__init__(self, value, verbose) |
| self._initial_value = value |
| |
| def release(self): |
| """Release a semaphore, incrementing the internal counter by one. |
| |
| When the counter is zero on entry and another thread is waiting for it |
| to become larger than zero again, wake up that thread. |
| |
| If the number of releases exceeds the number of acquires, |
| raise a ValueError. |
| |
| """ |
| if self._Semaphore__value >= self._initial_value: |
| raise ValueError("Semaphore released too many times") |
| return _Semaphore.release(self) |
| |
| |
| def Event(*args, **kwargs): |
| """A factory function that returns a new event. |
| |
| Events manage a flag that can be set to true with the set() method and reset |
| to false with the clear() method. The wait() method blocks until the flag is |
| true. |
| |
| """ |
| return _Event(*args, **kwargs) |
| |
| class _Event(_Verbose): |
| """A factory function that returns a new event object. An event manages a |
| flag that can be set to true with the set() method and reset to false |
| with the clear() method. The wait() method blocks until the flag is true. |
| |
| """ |
| |
| # After Tim Peters' event class (without is_posted()) |
| |
| def __init__(self, verbose=None): |
| _Verbose.__init__(self, verbose) |
| self.__cond = Condition(Lock()) |
| self.__flag = False |
| |
| def _reset_internal_locks(self): |
| # private! called by Thread._reset_internal_locks by _after_fork() |
| self.__cond.__init__() |
| |
| def isSet(self): |
| 'Return true if and only if the internal flag is true.' |
| return self.__flag |
| |
| is_set = isSet |
| |
| def set(self): |
| """Set the internal flag to true. |
| |
| All threads waiting for the flag to become true are awakened. Threads |
| that call wait() once the flag is true will not block at all. |
| |
| """ |
| self.__cond.acquire() |
| try: |
| self.__flag = True |
| self.__cond.notify_all() |
| finally: |
| self.__cond.release() |
| |
| def clear(self): |
| """Reset the internal flag to false. |
| |
| Subsequently, threads calling wait() will block until set() is called to |
| set the internal flag to true again. |
| |
| """ |
| self.__cond.acquire() |
| try: |
| self.__flag = False |
| finally: |
| self.__cond.release() |
| |
| def wait(self, timeout=None): |
| """Block until the internal flag is true. |
| |
| If the internal flag is true on entry, return immediately. Otherwise, |
| block until another thread calls set() to set the flag to true, or until |
| the optional timeout occurs. |
| |
| When the timeout argument is present and not None, it should be a |
| floating point number specifying a timeout for the operation in seconds |
| (or fractions thereof). |
| |
| This method returns the internal flag on exit, so it will always return |
| True except if a timeout is given and the operation times out. |
| |
| """ |
| self.__cond.acquire() |
| try: |
| if not self.__flag: |
| self.__cond.wait(timeout) |
| return self.__flag |
| finally: |
| self.__cond.release() |
| |
| # Helper to generate new thread names |
| _counter = 0 |
| def _newname(template="Thread-%d"): |
| global _counter |
| _counter = _counter + 1 |
| return template % _counter |
| |
| # Active thread administration |
| _active_limbo_lock = _allocate_lock() |
| _active = {} # maps thread id to Thread object |
| _limbo = {} |
| |
| |
| # Main class for threads |
| |
| class Thread(_Verbose): |
| """A class that represents a thread of control. |
| |
| This class can be safely subclassed in a limited fashion. |
| |
| """ |
| __initialized = False |
| # Need to store a reference to sys.exc_info for printing |
| # out exceptions when a thread tries to use a global var. during interp. |
| # shutdown and thus raises an exception about trying to perform some |
| # operation on/with a NoneType |
| __exc_info = _sys.exc_info |
| # Keep sys.exc_clear too to clear the exception just before |
| # allowing .join() to return. |
| __exc_clear = _sys.exc_clear |
| |
| def __init__(self, group=None, target=None, name=None, |
| args=(), kwargs=None, verbose=None): |
| """This constructor should always be called with keyword arguments. Arguments are: |
| |
| *group* should be None; reserved for future extension when a ThreadGroup |
| class is implemented. |
| |
| *target* is the callable object to be invoked by the run() |
| method. Defaults to None, meaning nothing is called. |
| |
| *name* is the thread name. By default, a unique name is constructed of |
| the form "Thread-N" where N is a small decimal number. |
| |
| *args* is the argument tuple for the target invocation. Defaults to (). |
| |
| *kwargs* is a dictionary of keyword arguments for the target |
| invocation. Defaults to {}. |
| |
| If a subclass overrides the constructor, it must make sure to invoke |
| the base class constructor (Thread.__init__()) before doing anything |
| else to the thread. |
| |
| """ |
| assert group is None, "group argument must be None for now" |
| _Verbose.__init__(self, verbose) |
| if kwargs is None: |
| kwargs = {} |
| self.__target = target |
| self.__name = str(name or _newname()) |
| self.__args = args |
| self.__kwargs = kwargs |
| self.__daemonic = self._set_daemon() |
| self.__ident = None |
| self.__started = Event() |
| self.__stopped = False |
| self.__block = Condition(Lock()) |
| self.__initialized = True |
| # sys.stderr is not stored in the class like |
| # sys.exc_info since it can be changed between instances |
| self.__stderr = _sys.stderr |
| |
| def _reset_internal_locks(self): |
| # private! Called by _after_fork() to reset our internal locks as |
| # they may be in an invalid state leading to a deadlock or crash. |
| if hasattr(self, '_Thread__block'): # DummyThread deletes self.__block |
| self.__block.__init__() |
| self.__started._reset_internal_locks() |
| |
| @property |
| def _block(self): |
| # used by a unittest |
| return self.__block |
| |
| def _set_daemon(self): |
| # Overridden in _MainThread and _DummyThread |
| return current_thread().daemon |
| |
| def __repr__(self): |
| assert self.__initialized, "Thread.__init__() was not called" |
| status = "initial" |
| if self.__started.is_set(): |
| status = "started" |
| if self.__stopped: |
| status = "stopped" |
| if self.__daemonic: |
| status += " daemon" |
| if self.__ident is not None: |
| status += " %s" % self.__ident |
| return "<%s(%s, %s)>" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.__name, status) |
| |
| def start(self): |
| """Start the thread's activity. |
| |
| It must be called at most once per thread object. It arranges for the |
| object's run() method to be invoked in a separate thread of control. |
| |
| This method will raise a RuntimeError if called more than once on the |
| same thread object. |
| |
| """ |
| if not self.__initialized: |
| raise RuntimeError("thread.__init__() not called") |
| if self.__started.is_set(): |
| raise RuntimeError("threads can only be started once") |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.start(): starting thread", self) |
| with _active_limbo_lock: |
| _limbo[self] = self |
| try: |
| _start_new_thread(self.__bootstrap, ()) |
| except Exception: |
| with _active_limbo_lock: |
| del _limbo[self] |
| raise |
| self.__started.wait() |
| |
| def run(self): |
| """Method representing the thread's activity. |
| |
| You may override this method in a subclass. The standard run() method |
| invokes the callable object passed to the object's constructor as the |
| target argument, if any, with sequential and keyword arguments taken |
| from the args and kwargs arguments, respectively. |
| |
| """ |
| try: |
| if self.__target: |
| self.__target(*self.__args, **self.__kwargs) |
| finally: |
| # Avoid a refcycle if the thread is running a function with |
| # an argument that has a member that points to the thread. |
| del self.__target, self.__args, self.__kwargs |
| |
| def __bootstrap(self): |
| # Wrapper around the real bootstrap code that ignores |
| # exceptions during interpreter cleanup. Those typically |
| # happen when a daemon thread wakes up at an unfortunate |
| # moment, finds the world around it destroyed, and raises some |
| # random exception *** while trying to report the exception in |
| # __bootstrap_inner() below ***. Those random exceptions |
| # don't help anybody, and they confuse users, so we suppress |
| # them. We suppress them only when it appears that the world |
| # indeed has already been destroyed, so that exceptions in |
| # __bootstrap_inner() during normal business hours are properly |
| # reported. Also, we only suppress them for daemonic threads; |
| # if a non-daemonic encounters this, something else is wrong. |
| try: |
| self.__bootstrap_inner() |
| except: |
| if self.__daemonic and _sys is None: |
| return |
| raise |
| |
| def _set_ident(self): |
| self.__ident = _get_ident() |
| |
| def __bootstrap_inner(self): |
| try: |
| self._set_ident() |
| self.__started.set() |
| with _active_limbo_lock: |
| _active[self.__ident] = self |
| del _limbo[self] |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.__bootstrap(): thread started", self) |
| |
| if _trace_hook: |
| self._note("%s.__bootstrap(): registering trace hook", self) |
| _sys.settrace(_trace_hook) |
| if _profile_hook: |
| self._note("%s.__bootstrap(): registering profile hook", self) |
| _sys.setprofile(_profile_hook) |
| |
| try: |
| self.run() |
| except SystemExit: |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.__bootstrap(): raised SystemExit", self) |
| except: |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.__bootstrap(): unhandled exception", self) |
| # If sys.stderr is no more (most likely from interpreter |
| # shutdown) use self.__stderr. Otherwise still use sys (as in |
| # _sys) in case sys.stderr was redefined since the creation of |
| # self. |
| if _sys: |
| _sys.stderr.write("Exception in thread %s:\n%s\n" % |
| (self.name, _format_exc())) |
| else: |
| # Do the best job possible w/o a huge amt. of code to |
| # approximate a traceback (code ideas from |
| # Lib/traceback.py) |
| exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb = self.__exc_info() |
| try: |
| print>>self.__stderr, ( |
| "Exception in thread " + self.name + |
| " (most likely raised during interpreter shutdown):") |
| print>>self.__stderr, ( |
| "Traceback (most recent call last):") |
| while exc_tb: |
| print>>self.__stderr, ( |
| ' File "%s", line %s, in %s' % |
| (exc_tb.tb_frame.f_code.co_filename, |
| exc_tb.tb_lineno, |
| exc_tb.tb_frame.f_code.co_name)) |
| exc_tb = exc_tb.tb_next |
| print>>self.__stderr, ("%s: %s" % (exc_type, exc_value)) |
| # Make sure that exc_tb gets deleted since it is a memory |
| # hog; deleting everything else is just for thoroughness |
| finally: |
| del exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb |
| else: |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.__bootstrap(): normal return", self) |
| finally: |
| # Prevent a race in |
| # test_threading.test_no_refcycle_through_target when |
| # the exception keeps the target alive past when we |
| # assert that it's dead. |
| self.__exc_clear() |
| finally: |
| with _active_limbo_lock: |
| self.__stop() |
| try: |
| # We don't call self.__delete() because it also |
| # grabs _active_limbo_lock. |
| del _active[_get_ident()] |
| except: |
| pass |
| |
| def __stop(self): |
| # DummyThreads delete self.__block, but they have no waiters to |
| # notify anyway (join() is forbidden on them). |
| if not hasattr(self, '_Thread__block'): |
| return |
| self.__block.acquire() |
| self.__stopped = True |
| self.__block.notify_all() |
| self.__block.release() |
| |
| def __delete(self): |
| "Remove current thread from the dict of currently running threads." |
| |
| # Notes about running with dummy_thread: |
| # |
| # Must take care to not raise an exception if dummy_thread is being |
| # used (and thus this module is being used as an instance of |
| # dummy_threading). dummy_thread.get_ident() always returns -1 since |
| # there is only one thread if dummy_thread is being used. Thus |
| # len(_active) is always <= 1 here, and any Thread instance created |
| # overwrites the (if any) thread currently registered in _active. |
| # |
| # An instance of _MainThread is always created by 'threading'. This |
| # gets overwritten the instant an instance of Thread is created; both |
| # threads return -1 from dummy_thread.get_ident() and thus have the |
| # same key in the dict. So when the _MainThread instance created by |
| # 'threading' tries to clean itself up when atexit calls this method |
| # it gets a KeyError if another Thread instance was created. |
| # |
| # This all means that KeyError from trying to delete something from |
| # _active if dummy_threading is being used is a red herring. But |
| # since it isn't if dummy_threading is *not* being used then don't |
| # hide the exception. |
| |
| try: |
| with _active_limbo_lock: |
| del _active[_get_ident()] |
| # There must not be any python code between the previous line |
| # and after the lock is released. Otherwise a tracing function |
| # could try to acquire the lock again in the same thread, (in |
| # current_thread()), and would block. |
| except KeyError: |
| if 'dummy_threading' not in _sys.modules: |
| raise |
| |
| def join(self, timeout=None): |
| """Wait until the thread terminates. |
| |
| This blocks the calling thread until the thread whose join() method is |
| called terminates -- either normally or through an unhandled exception |
| or until the optional timeout occurs. |
| |
| When the timeout argument is present and not None, it should be a |
| floating point number specifying a timeout for the operation in seconds |
| (or fractions thereof). As join() always returns None, you must call |
| isAlive() after join() to decide whether a timeout happened -- if the |
| thread is still alive, the join() call timed out. |
| |
| When the timeout argument is not present or None, the operation will |
| block until the thread terminates. |
| |
| A thread can be join()ed many times. |
| |
| join() raises a RuntimeError if an attempt is made to join the current |
| thread as that would cause a deadlock. It is also an error to join() a |
| thread before it has been started and attempts to do so raises the same |
| exception. |
| |
| """ |
| if not self.__initialized: |
| raise RuntimeError("Thread.__init__() not called") |
| if not self.__started.is_set(): |
| raise RuntimeError("cannot join thread before it is started") |
| if self is current_thread(): |
| raise RuntimeError("cannot join current thread") |
| |
| if __debug__: |
| if not self.__stopped: |
| self._note("%s.join(): waiting until thread stops", self) |
| self.__block.acquire() |
| try: |
| if timeout is None: |
| while not self.__stopped: |
| self.__block.wait() |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.join(): thread stopped", self) |
| else: |
| deadline = _time() + timeout |
| while not self.__stopped: |
| delay = deadline - _time() |
| if delay <= 0: |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.join(): timed out", self) |
| break |
| self.__block.wait(delay) |
| else: |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s.join(): thread stopped", self) |
| finally: |
| self.__block.release() |
| |
| @property |
| def name(self): |
| """A string used for identification purposes only. |
| |
| It has no semantics. Multiple threads may be given the same name. The |
| initial name is set by the constructor. |
| |
| """ |
| assert self.__initialized, "Thread.__init__() not called" |
| return self.__name |
| |
| @name.setter |
| def name(self, name): |
| assert self.__initialized, "Thread.__init__() not called" |
| self.__name = str(name) |
| |
| @property |
| def ident(self): |
| """Thread identifier of this thread or None if it has not been started. |
| |
| This is a nonzero integer. See the thread.get_ident() function. Thread |
| identifiers may be recycled when a thread exits and another thread is |
| created. The identifier is available even after the thread has exited. |
| |
| """ |
| assert self.__initialized, "Thread.__init__() not called" |
| return self.__ident |
| |
| def isAlive(self): |
| """Return whether the thread is alive. |
| |
| This method returns True just before the run() method starts until just |
| after the run() method terminates. The module function enumerate() |
| returns a list of all alive threads. |
| |
| """ |
| assert self.__initialized, "Thread.__init__() not called" |
| return self.__started.is_set() and not self.__stopped |
| |
| is_alive = isAlive |
| |
| @property |
| def daemon(self): |
| """A boolean value indicating whether this thread is a daemon thread (True) or not (False). |
| |
| This must be set before start() is called, otherwise RuntimeError is |
| raised. Its initial value is inherited from the creating thread; the |
| main thread is not a daemon thread and therefore all threads created in |
| the main thread default to daemon = False. |
| |
| The entire Python program exits when no alive non-daemon threads are |
| left. |
| |
| """ |
| assert self.__initialized, "Thread.__init__() not called" |
| return self.__daemonic |
| |
| @daemon.setter |
| def daemon(self, daemonic): |
| if not self.__initialized: |
| raise RuntimeError("Thread.__init__() not called") |
| if self.__started.is_set(): |
| raise RuntimeError("cannot set daemon status of active thread"); |
| self.__daemonic = daemonic |
| |
| def isDaemon(self): |
| return self.daemon |
| |
| def setDaemon(self, daemonic): |
| self.daemon = daemonic |
| |
| def getName(self): |
| return self.name |
| |
| def setName(self, name): |
| self.name = name |
| |
| # The timer class was contributed by Itamar Shtull-Trauring |
| |
| def Timer(*args, **kwargs): |
| """Factory function to create a Timer object. |
| |
| Timers call a function after a specified number of seconds: |
| |
| t = Timer(30.0, f, args=[], kwargs={}) |
| t.start() |
| t.cancel() # stop the timer's action if it's still waiting |
| |
| """ |
| return _Timer(*args, **kwargs) |
| |
| class _Timer(Thread): |
| """Call a function after a specified number of seconds: |
| |
| t = Timer(30.0, f, args=[], kwargs={}) |
| t.start() |
| t.cancel() # stop the timer's action if it's still waiting |
| |
| """ |
| |
| def __init__(self, interval, function, args=[], kwargs={}): |
| Thread.__init__(self) |
| self.interval = interval |
| self.function = function |
| self.args = args |
| self.kwargs = kwargs |
| self.finished = Event() |
| |
| def cancel(self): |
| """Stop the timer if it hasn't finished yet""" |
| self.finished.set() |
| |
| def run(self): |
| self.finished.wait(self.interval) |
| if not self.finished.is_set(): |
| self.function(*self.args, **self.kwargs) |
| self.finished.set() |
| |
| # Special thread class to represent the main thread |
| # This is garbage collected through an exit handler |
| |
| class _MainThread(Thread): |
| |
| def __init__(self): |
| Thread.__init__(self, name="MainThread") |
| self._Thread__started.set() |
| self._set_ident() |
| with _active_limbo_lock: |
| _active[_get_ident()] = self |
| |
| def _set_daemon(self): |
| return False |
| |
| def _exitfunc(self): |
| self._Thread__stop() |
| t = _pickSomeNonDaemonThread() |
| if t: |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s: waiting for other threads", self) |
| while t: |
| t.join() |
| t = _pickSomeNonDaemonThread() |
| if __debug__: |
| self._note("%s: exiting", self) |
| self._Thread__delete() |
| |
| def _pickSomeNonDaemonThread(): |
| for t in enumerate(): |
| if not t.daemon and t.is_alive(): |
| return t |
| return None |
| |
| |
| # Dummy thread class to represent threads not started here. |
| # These aren't garbage collected when they die, nor can they be waited for. |
| # If they invoke anything in threading.py that calls current_thread(), they |
| # leave an entry in the _active dict forever after. |
| # Their purpose is to return *something* from current_thread(). |
| # They are marked as daemon threads so we won't wait for them |
| # when we exit (conform previous semantics). |
| |
| class _DummyThread(Thread): |
| |
| def __init__(self): |
| Thread.__init__(self, name=_newname("Dummy-%d")) |
| |
| # Thread.__block consumes an OS-level locking primitive, which |
| # can never be used by a _DummyThread. Since a _DummyThread |
| # instance is immortal, that's bad, so release this resource. |
| del self._Thread__block |
| |
| self._Thread__started.set() |
| self._set_ident() |
| with _active_limbo_lock: |
| _active[_get_ident()] = self |
| |
| def _set_daemon(self): |
| return True |
| |
| def join(self, timeout=None): |
| assert False, "cannot join a dummy thread" |
| |
| |
| # Global API functions |
| |
| def currentThread(): |
| """Return the current Thread object, corresponding to the caller's thread of control. |
| |
| If the caller's thread of control was not created through the threading |
| module, a dummy thread object with limited functionality is returned. |
| |
| """ |
| try: |
| return _active[_get_ident()] |
| except KeyError: |
| ##print "current_thread(): no current thread for", _get_ident() |
| return _DummyThread() |
| |
| current_thread = currentThread |
| |
| def activeCount(): |
| """Return the number of Thread objects currently alive. |
| |
| The returned count is equal to the length of the list returned by |
| enumerate(). |
| |
| """ |
| with _active_limbo_lock: |
| return len(_active) + len(_limbo) |
| |
| active_count = activeCount |
| |
| def _enumerate(): |
| # Same as enumerate(), but without the lock. Internal use only. |
| return _active.values() + _limbo.values() |
| |
| def enumerate(): |
| """Return a list of all Thread objects currently alive. |
| |
| The list includes daemonic threads, dummy thread objects created by |
| current_thread(), and the main thread. It excludes terminated threads and |
| threads that have not yet been started. |
| |
| """ |
| with _active_limbo_lock: |
| return _active.values() + _limbo.values() |
| |
| from thread import stack_size |
| |
| # Create the main thread object, |
| # and make it available for the interpreter |
| # (Py_Main) as threading._shutdown. |
| |
| _shutdown = _MainThread()._exitfunc |
| |
| # get thread-local implementation, either from the thread |
| # module, or from the python fallback |
| |
| try: |
| from thread import _local as local |
| except ImportError: |
| from _threading_local import local |
| |
| |
| def _after_fork(): |
| # This function is called by Python/ceval.c:PyEval_ReInitThreads which |
| # is called from PyOS_AfterFork. Here we cleanup threading module state |
| # that should not exist after a fork. |
| |
| # Reset _active_limbo_lock, in case we forked while the lock was held |
| # by another (non-forked) thread. http://bugs.python.org/issue874900 |
| global _active_limbo_lock |
| _active_limbo_lock = _allocate_lock() |
| |
| # fork() only copied the current thread; clear references to others. |
| new_active = {} |
| current = current_thread() |
| with _active_limbo_lock: |
| for thread in _active.itervalues(): |
| # Any lock/condition variable may be currently locked or in an |
| # invalid state, so we reinitialize them. |
| if hasattr(thread, '_reset_internal_locks'): |
| thread._reset_internal_locks() |
| if thread is current: |
| # There is only one active thread. We reset the ident to |
| # its new value since it can have changed. |
| ident = _get_ident() |
| thread._Thread__ident = ident |
| new_active[ident] = thread |
| else: |
| # All the others are already stopped. |
| thread._Thread__stop() |
| |
| _limbo.clear() |
| _active.clear() |
| _active.update(new_active) |
| assert len(_active) == 1 |
| |
| |
| # Self-test code |
| |
| def _test(): |
| |
| class BoundedQueue(_Verbose): |
| |
| def __init__(self, limit): |
| _Verbose.__init__(self) |
| self.mon = RLock() |
| self.rc = Condition(self.mon) |
| self.wc = Condition(self.mon) |
| self.limit = limit |
| self.queue = _deque() |
| |
| def put(self, item): |
| self.mon.acquire() |
| while len(self.queue) >= self.limit: |
| self._note("put(%s): queue full", item) |
| self.wc.wait() |
| self.queue.append(item) |
| self._note("put(%s): appended, length now %d", |
| item, len(self.queue)) |
| self.rc.notify() |
| self.mon.release() |
| |
| def get(self): |
| self.mon.acquire() |
| while not self.queue: |
| self._note("get(): queue empty") |
| self.rc.wait() |
| item = self.queue.popleft() |
| self._note("get(): got %s, %d left", item, len(self.queue)) |
| self.wc.notify() |
| self.mon.release() |
| return item |
| |
| class ProducerThread(Thread): |
| |
| def __init__(self, queue, quota): |
| Thread.__init__(self, name="Producer") |
| self.queue = queue |
| self.quota = quota |
| |
| def run(self): |
| from random import random |
| counter = 0 |
| while counter < self.quota: |
| counter = counter + 1 |
| self.queue.put("%s.%d" % (self.name, counter)) |
| _sleep(random() * 0.00001) |
| |
| |
| class ConsumerThread(Thread): |
| |
| def __init__(self, queue, count): |
| Thread.__init__(self, name="Consumer") |
| self.queue = queue |
| self.count = count |
| |
| def run(self): |
| while self.count > 0: |
| item = self.queue.get() |
| print item |
| self.count = self.count - 1 |
| |
| NP = 3 |
| QL = 4 |
| NI = 5 |
| |
| Q = BoundedQueue(QL) |
| P = [] |
| for i in range(NP): |
| t = ProducerThread(Q, NI) |
| t.name = ("Producer-%d" % (i+1)) |
| P.append(t) |
| C = ConsumerThread(Q, NI*NP) |
| for t in P: |
| t.start() |
| _sleep(0.000001) |
| C.start() |
| for t in P: |
| t.join() |
| C.join() |
| |
| if __name__ == '__main__': |
| _test() |
