/*
 * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.android.server.pm;

import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_ABORTED;
import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_BAD_SIGNATURE;
import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_CONTAINER_ERROR;
import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE;
import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR;
import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK;
import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_MISSING_SPLIT;
import static android.content.pm.PackageParser.APK_FILE_EXTENSION;
import static android.system.OsConstants.O_CREAT;
import static android.system.OsConstants.O_RDONLY;
import static android.system.OsConstants.O_WRONLY;

import static com.android.internal.util.XmlUtils.readBitmapAttribute;
import static com.android.internal.util.XmlUtils.readBooleanAttribute;
import static com.android.internal.util.XmlUtils.readIntAttribute;
import static com.android.internal.util.XmlUtils.readLongAttribute;
import static com.android.internal.util.XmlUtils.readStringAttribute;
import static com.android.internal.util.XmlUtils.readUriAttribute;
import static com.android.internal.util.XmlUtils.writeBooleanAttribute;
import static com.android.internal.util.XmlUtils.writeIntAttribute;
import static com.android.internal.util.XmlUtils.writeLongAttribute;
import static com.android.internal.util.XmlUtils.writeStringAttribute;
import static com.android.internal.util.XmlUtils.writeUriAttribute;
import static com.android.server.pm.PackageInstallerService.prepareStageDir;

import android.Manifest;
import android.annotation.NonNull;
import android.annotation.Nullable;
import android.app.admin.DevicePolicyEventLogger;
import android.app.admin.DevicePolicyManagerInternal;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.IIntentReceiver;
import android.content.IIntentSender;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentSender;
import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
import android.content.pm.IPackageInstallObserver2;
import android.content.pm.IPackageInstallerSession;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageInstaller;
import android.content.pm.PackageInstaller.SessionInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageInstaller.SessionInfo.StagedSessionErrorCode;
import android.content.pm.PackageInstaller.SessionParams;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.PackageParser;
import android.content.pm.PackageParser.ApkLite;
import android.content.pm.PackageParser.PackageLite;
import android.content.pm.PackageParser.PackageParserException;
import android.content.pm.dex.DexMetadataHelper;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.FileBridge;
import android.os.FileUtils;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
import android.os.ParcelableException;
import android.os.Process;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.os.RevocableFileDescriptor;
import android.os.SystemProperties;
import android.os.UserHandle;
import android.os.storage.StorageManager;
import android.stats.devicepolicy.DevicePolicyEnums;
import android.system.ErrnoException;
import android.system.Int64Ref;
import android.system.Os;
import android.system.OsConstants;
import android.system.StructStat;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.ArraySet;
import android.util.ExceptionUtils;
import android.util.MathUtils;
import android.util.Slog;
import android.util.SparseIntArray;
import android.util.apk.ApkSignatureVerifier;

import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
import com.android.internal.content.NativeLibraryHelper;
import com.android.internal.content.PackageHelper;
import com.android.internal.os.SomeArgs;
import com.android.internal.util.ArrayUtils;
import com.android.internal.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
import com.android.server.LocalServices;
import com.android.server.pm.Installer.InstallerException;
import com.android.server.pm.PackageInstallerService.PackageInstallObserverAdapter;
import com.android.server.pm.dex.DexManager;
import com.android.server.security.VerityUtils;

import libcore.io.IoUtils;

import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlSerializer;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import java.io.FileFilter;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

public class PackageInstallerSession extends IPackageInstallerSession.Stub {
    private static final String TAG = "PackageInstallerSession";
    private static final boolean LOGD = true;
    private static final String REMOVE_SPLIT_MARKER_EXTENSION = ".removed";

    private static final int MSG_COMMIT = 1;
    private static final int MSG_ON_PACKAGE_INSTALLED = 2;

    /** XML constants used for persisting a session */
    static final String TAG_SESSION = "session";
    static final String TAG_CHILD_SESSION = "childSession";
    private static final String TAG_GRANTED_RUNTIME_PERMISSION = "granted-runtime-permission";
    private static final String TAG_WHITELISTED_RESTRICTED_PERMISSION =
            "whitelisted-restricted-permission";
    private static final String ATTR_SESSION_ID = "sessionId";
    private static final String ATTR_USER_ID = "userId";
    private static final String ATTR_INSTALLER_PACKAGE_NAME = "installerPackageName";
    private static final String ATTR_INSTALLER_UID = "installerUid";
    private static final String ATTR_CREATED_MILLIS = "createdMillis";
    private static final String ATTR_UPDATED_MILLIS = "updatedMillis";
    private static final String ATTR_SESSION_STAGE_DIR = "sessionStageDir";
    private static final String ATTR_SESSION_STAGE_CID = "sessionStageCid";
    private static final String ATTR_PREPARED = "prepared";
    private static final String ATTR_COMMITTED = "committed";
    private static final String ATTR_SEALED = "sealed";
    private static final String ATTR_MULTI_PACKAGE = "multiPackage";
    private static final String ATTR_PARENT_SESSION_ID = "parentSessionId";
    private static final String ATTR_STAGED_SESSION = "stagedSession";
    private static final String ATTR_IS_READY = "isReady";
    private static final String ATTR_IS_FAILED = "isFailed";
    private static final String ATTR_IS_APPLIED = "isApplied";
    private static final String ATTR_STAGED_SESSION_ERROR_CODE = "errorCode";
    private static final String ATTR_STAGED_SESSION_ERROR_MESSAGE = "errorMessage";
    private static final String ATTR_MODE = "mode";
    private static final String ATTR_INSTALL_FLAGS = "installFlags";
    private static final String ATTR_INSTALL_LOCATION = "installLocation";
    private static final String ATTR_SIZE_BYTES = "sizeBytes";
    private static final String ATTR_APP_PACKAGE_NAME = "appPackageName";
    @Deprecated
    private static final String ATTR_APP_ICON = "appIcon";
    private static final String ATTR_APP_LABEL = "appLabel";
    private static final String ATTR_ORIGINATING_URI = "originatingUri";
    private static final String ATTR_ORIGINATING_UID = "originatingUid";
    private static final String ATTR_REFERRER_URI = "referrerUri";
    private static final String ATTR_ABI_OVERRIDE = "abiOverride";
    private static final String ATTR_VOLUME_UUID = "volumeUuid";
    private static final String ATTR_NAME = "name";
    private static final String ATTR_INSTALL_REASON = "installRason";

    private static final String PROPERTY_NAME_INHERIT_NATIVE = "pi.inherit_native_on_dont_kill";
    private static final int[] EMPTY_CHILD_SESSION_ARRAY = {};

    // TODO: enforce INSTALL_ALLOW_TEST
    // TODO: enforce INSTALL_ALLOW_DOWNGRADE

    private final PackageInstallerService.InternalCallback mCallback;
    private final Context mContext;
    private final PackageManagerService mPm;
    private final Handler mHandler;
    private final PackageSessionProvider mSessionProvider;
    private final StagingManager mStagingManager;

    final int sessionId;
    final int userId;
    final SessionParams params;
    final long createdMillis;

    /** Staging location where client data is written. */
    final File stageDir;
    final String stageCid;

    private final AtomicInteger mActiveCount = new AtomicInteger();

    private final Object mLock = new Object();

    /** Timestamp of the last time this session changed state  */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private long updatedMillis;

    /** Uid of the creator of this session. */
    private final int mOriginalInstallerUid;

    /** Package of the owner of the installer session */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private @Nullable String mInstallerPackageName;

    /** Uid of the owner of the installer session */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private int mInstallerUid;

    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private float mClientProgress = 0;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private float mInternalProgress = 0;

    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private float mProgress = 0;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private float mReportedProgress = -1;

    /** State of the session. */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private boolean mPrepared = false;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private boolean mSealed = false;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private boolean mShouldBeSealed = false;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private boolean mCommitted = false;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private boolean mRelinquished = false;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private boolean mDestroyed = false;

    /** Permissions have been accepted by the user (see {@link #setPermissionsResult}) */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private boolean mPermissionsManuallyAccepted = false;

    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private int mFinalStatus;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private String mFinalMessage;

    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private final ArrayList<RevocableFileDescriptor> mFds = new ArrayList<>();
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private final ArrayList<FileBridge> mBridges = new ArrayList<>();

    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private IPackageInstallObserver2 mRemoteObserver;

    /** Fields derived from commit parsing */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private String mPackageName;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private long mVersionCode;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private PackageParser.SigningDetails mSigningDetails;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private SparseIntArray mChildSessionIds = new SparseIntArray();
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private int mParentSessionId;

    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private boolean mStagedSessionApplied;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private boolean mStagedSessionReady;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private boolean mStagedSessionFailed;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private int mStagedSessionErrorCode = SessionInfo.STAGED_SESSION_NO_ERROR;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private String mStagedSessionErrorMessage;

    /**
     * Path to the validated base APK for this session, which may point at an
     * APK inside the session (when the session defines the base), or it may
     * point at the existing base APK (when adding splits to an existing app).
     * <p>
     * This is used when confirming permissions, since we can't fully stage the
     * session inside an ASEC before confirming with user.
     */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private File mResolvedBaseFile;

    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private File mResolvedStageDir;

    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private final List<File> mResolvedStagedFiles = new ArrayList<>();
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private final List<File> mResolvedInheritedFiles = new ArrayList<>();
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private final List<String> mResolvedInstructionSets = new ArrayList<>();
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private final List<String> mResolvedNativeLibPaths = new ArrayList<>();
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private File mInheritedFilesBase;
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private boolean mVerityFound;

    private static final FileFilter sAddedFilter = new FileFilter() {
        @Override
        public boolean accept(File file) {
            // Installers can't stage directories, so it's fine to ignore
            // entries like "lost+found".
            if (file.isDirectory()) return false;
            if (file.getName().endsWith(REMOVE_SPLIT_MARKER_EXTENSION)) return false;
            if (DexMetadataHelper.isDexMetadataFile(file)) return false;
            if (VerityUtils.isFsveritySignatureFile(file)) return false;
            return true;
        }
    };
    private static final FileFilter sRemovedFilter = new FileFilter() {
        @Override
        public boolean accept(File file) {
            if (file.isDirectory()) return false;
            if (!file.getName().endsWith(REMOVE_SPLIT_MARKER_EXTENSION)) return false;
            return true;
        }
    };

    private final Handler.Callback mHandlerCallback = new Handler.Callback() {
        @Override
        public boolean handleMessage(Message msg) {
            switch (msg.what) {
                case MSG_COMMIT:
                    handleCommit();
                    break;
                case MSG_ON_PACKAGE_INSTALLED:
                    final SomeArgs args = (SomeArgs) msg.obj;
                    final String packageName = (String) args.arg1;
                    final String message = (String) args.arg2;
                    final Bundle extras = (Bundle) args.arg3;
                    final IPackageInstallObserver2 observer = (IPackageInstallObserver2) args.arg4;
                    final int returnCode = args.argi1;
                    args.recycle();

                    try {
                        observer.onPackageInstalled(packageName, returnCode, message, extras);
                    } catch (RemoteException ignored) {
                    }

                    break;
            }

            return true;
        }
    };

    /**
     * @return {@code true} iff the installing is app an device owner or affiliated profile owner.
     */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private boolean isInstallerDeviceOwnerOrAffiliatedProfileOwnerLocked() {
        if (userId != UserHandle.getUserId(mInstallerUid)) {
            return false;
        }
        DevicePolicyManagerInternal dpmi =
                LocalServices.getService(DevicePolicyManagerInternal.class);
        return dpmi != null && dpmi.canSilentlyInstallPackage(mInstallerPackageName, mInstallerUid);
    }

    /**
     * Checks if the permissions still need to be confirmed.
     *
     * <p>This is dependant on the identity of the installer, hence this cannot be cached if the
     * installer might still {@link #transfer(String) change}.
     *
     * @return {@code true} iff we need to ask to confirm the permissions?
     */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private boolean needToAskForPermissionsLocked() {
        if (mPermissionsManuallyAccepted) {
            return false;
        }

        final boolean isInstallPermissionGranted =
                (mPm.checkUidPermission(android.Manifest.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES,
                        mInstallerUid) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED);
        final boolean isSelfUpdatePermissionGranted =
                (mPm.checkUidPermission(android.Manifest.permission.INSTALL_SELF_UPDATES,
                        mInstallerUid) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED);
        final boolean isUpdatePermissionGranted =
                (mPm.checkUidPermission(android.Manifest.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGE_UPDATES,
                        mInstallerUid) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED);
        final int targetPackageUid = mPm.getPackageUid(mPackageName, 0, userId);
        final boolean isPermissionGranted = isInstallPermissionGranted
                || (isUpdatePermissionGranted && targetPackageUid != -1)
                || (isSelfUpdatePermissionGranted && targetPackageUid == mInstallerUid);
        final boolean isInstallerRoot = (mInstallerUid == Process.ROOT_UID);
        final boolean isInstallerSystem = (mInstallerUid == Process.SYSTEM_UID);
        final boolean forcePermissionPrompt =
                (params.installFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_FORCE_PERMISSION_PROMPT) != 0;

        // Device owners and affiliated profile owners  are allowed to silently install packages, so
        // the permission check is waived if the installer is the device owner.
        return forcePermissionPrompt || !(isPermissionGranted || isInstallerRoot
                || isInstallerSystem || isInstallerDeviceOwnerOrAffiliatedProfileOwnerLocked());
    }

    public PackageInstallerSession(PackageInstallerService.InternalCallback callback,
            Context context, PackageManagerService pm,
            PackageSessionProvider sessionProvider, Looper looper, StagingManager stagingManager,
            int sessionId, int userId,
            String installerPackageName, int installerUid, SessionParams params, long createdMillis,
            File stageDir, String stageCid, boolean prepared, boolean committed, boolean sealed,
            @Nullable int[] childSessionIds, int parentSessionId, boolean isReady,
            boolean isFailed, boolean isApplied, int stagedSessionErrorCode,
            String stagedSessionErrorMessage) {
        mCallback = callback;
        mContext = context;
        mPm = pm;
        mSessionProvider = sessionProvider;
        mHandler = new Handler(looper, mHandlerCallback);
        mStagingManager = stagingManager;

        this.sessionId = sessionId;
        this.userId = userId;
        mOriginalInstallerUid = installerUid;
        mInstallerPackageName = installerPackageName;
        mInstallerUid = installerUid;
        this.params = params;
        this.createdMillis = createdMillis;
        this.updatedMillis = createdMillis;
        this.stageDir = stageDir;
        this.stageCid = stageCid;
        this.mShouldBeSealed = sealed;
        if (childSessionIds != null) {
            for (int childSessionId : childSessionIds) {
                mChildSessionIds.put(childSessionId, 0);
            }
        }
        this.mParentSessionId = parentSessionId;

        if (!params.isMultiPackage && (stageDir == null) == (stageCid == null)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Exactly one of stageDir or stageCid stage must be set");
        }

        mPrepared = prepared;
        mCommitted = committed;
        mStagedSessionReady = isReady;
        mStagedSessionFailed = isFailed;
        mStagedSessionApplied = isApplied;
        mStagedSessionErrorCode = stagedSessionErrorCode;
        mStagedSessionErrorMessage =
                stagedSessionErrorMessage != null ? stagedSessionErrorMessage : "";
    }

    public SessionInfo generateInfo() {
        return generateInfo(true);
    }

    public SessionInfo generateInfo(boolean includeIcon) {
        final SessionInfo info = new SessionInfo();
        synchronized (mLock) {
            info.sessionId = sessionId;
            info.userId = userId;
            info.installerPackageName = mInstallerPackageName;
            info.resolvedBaseCodePath = (mResolvedBaseFile != null) ?
                    mResolvedBaseFile.getAbsolutePath() : null;
            info.progress = mProgress;
            info.sealed = mSealed;
            info.isCommitted = mCommitted;
            info.active = mActiveCount.get() > 0;

            info.mode = params.mode;
            info.installReason = params.installReason;
            info.sizeBytes = params.sizeBytes;
            info.appPackageName = params.appPackageName;
            if (includeIcon) {
                info.appIcon = params.appIcon;
            }
            info.appLabel = params.appLabel;

            info.installLocation = params.installLocation;
            info.originatingUri = params.originatingUri;
            info.originatingUid = params.originatingUid;
            info.referrerUri = params.referrerUri;
            info.grantedRuntimePermissions = params.grantedRuntimePermissions;
            info.whitelistedRestrictedPermissions = params.whitelistedRestrictedPermissions;
            info.installFlags = params.installFlags;
            info.isMultiPackage = params.isMultiPackage;
            info.isStaged = params.isStaged;
            info.parentSessionId = mParentSessionId;
            info.childSessionIds = mChildSessionIds.copyKeys();
            if (info.childSessionIds == null) {
                info.childSessionIds = EMPTY_CHILD_SESSION_ARRAY;
            }
            info.isStagedSessionApplied = mStagedSessionApplied;
            info.isStagedSessionReady = mStagedSessionReady;
            info.isStagedSessionFailed = mStagedSessionFailed;
            info.setStagedSessionErrorCode(mStagedSessionErrorCode, mStagedSessionErrorMessage);
            info.updatedMillis = updatedMillis;
        }
        return info;
    }

    public boolean isPrepared() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            return mPrepared;
        }
    }

    public boolean isSealed() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            return mSealed;
        }
    }

    /** {@hide} */
    boolean isCommitted() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            return mCommitted;
        }
    }

    /** Returns true if a staged session has reached a final state and can be forgotten about  */
    public boolean isStagedAndInTerminalState() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            return params.isStaged && (mStagedSessionApplied || mStagedSessionFailed);
        }
    }

    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private void assertPreparedAndNotSealedLocked(String cookie) {
        assertPreparedAndNotCommittedOrDestroyedLocked(cookie);
        if (mSealed) {
            throw new SecurityException(cookie + " not allowed after sealing");
        }
    }

    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private void assertPreparedAndNotCommittedOrDestroyedLocked(String cookie) {
        assertPreparedAndNotDestroyedLocked(cookie);
        if (mCommitted) {
            throw new SecurityException(cookie + " not allowed after commit");
        }
    }

    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private void assertPreparedAndNotDestroyedLocked(String cookie) {
        if (!mPrepared) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(cookie + " before prepared");
        }
        if (mDestroyed) {
            throw new SecurityException(cookie + " not allowed after destruction");
        }
    }

    /**
     * Resolve the actual location where staged data should be written. This
     * might point at an ASEC mount point, which is why we delay path resolution
     * until someone actively works with the session.
     */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private File resolveStageDirLocked() throws IOException {
        if (mResolvedStageDir == null) {
            if (stageDir != null) {
                mResolvedStageDir = stageDir;
            } else {
                throw new IOException("Missing stageDir");
            }
        }
        return mResolvedStageDir;
    }

    @Override
    public void setClientProgress(float progress) {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            assertCallerIsOwnerOrRootLocked();

            // Always publish first staging movement
            final boolean forcePublish = (mClientProgress == 0);
            mClientProgress = progress;
            computeProgressLocked(forcePublish);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void addClientProgress(float progress) {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            assertCallerIsOwnerOrRootLocked();

            setClientProgress(mClientProgress + progress);
        }
    }

    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private void computeProgressLocked(boolean forcePublish) {
        mProgress = MathUtils.constrain(mClientProgress * 0.8f, 0f, 0.8f)
                + MathUtils.constrain(mInternalProgress * 0.2f, 0f, 0.2f);

        // Only publish when meaningful change
        if (forcePublish || Math.abs(mProgress - mReportedProgress) >= 0.01) {
            mReportedProgress = mProgress;
            mCallback.onSessionProgressChanged(this, mProgress);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String[] getNames() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            assertCallerIsOwnerOrRootLocked();
            assertPreparedAndNotCommittedOrDestroyedLocked("getNames");

            try {
                return resolveStageDirLocked().list();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw ExceptionUtils.wrap(e);
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void removeSplit(String splitName) {
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(params.appPackageName)) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Must specify package name to remove a split");
        }

        synchronized (mLock) {
            assertCallerIsOwnerOrRootLocked();
            assertPreparedAndNotCommittedOrDestroyedLocked("removeSplit");

            try {
                createRemoveSplitMarkerLocked(splitName);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw ExceptionUtils.wrap(e);
            }
        }
    }

    private void createRemoveSplitMarkerLocked(String splitName) throws IOException {
        try {
            final String markerName = splitName + REMOVE_SPLIT_MARKER_EXTENSION;
            if (!FileUtils.isValidExtFilename(markerName)) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid marker: " + markerName);
            }
            final File target = new File(resolveStageDirLocked(), markerName);
            target.createNewFile();
            Os.chmod(target.getAbsolutePath(), 0 /*mode*/);
        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
            throw e.rethrowAsIOException();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public ParcelFileDescriptor openWrite(String name, long offsetBytes, long lengthBytes) {
        try {
            return doWriteInternal(name, offsetBytes, lengthBytes, null);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw ExceptionUtils.wrap(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void write(String name, long offsetBytes, long lengthBytes,
            ParcelFileDescriptor fd) {
        try {
            doWriteInternal(name, offsetBytes, lengthBytes, fd);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw ExceptionUtils.wrap(e);
        }
    }

    private ParcelFileDescriptor doWriteInternal(String name, long offsetBytes, long lengthBytes,
            ParcelFileDescriptor incomingFd) throws IOException {
        // Quick sanity check of state, and allocate a pipe for ourselves. We
        // then do heavy disk allocation outside the lock, but this open pipe
        // will block any attempted install transitions.
        final RevocableFileDescriptor fd;
        final FileBridge bridge;
        final File stageDir;
        synchronized (mLock) {
            assertCallerIsOwnerOrRootLocked();
            assertPreparedAndNotSealedLocked("openWrite");

            if (PackageInstaller.ENABLE_REVOCABLE_FD) {
                fd = new RevocableFileDescriptor();
                bridge = null;
                mFds.add(fd);
            } else {
                fd = null;
                bridge = new FileBridge();
                mBridges.add(bridge);
            }

            stageDir = resolveStageDirLocked();
        }

        try {
            // Use installer provided name for now; we always rename later
            if (!FileUtils.isValidExtFilename(name)) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid name: " + name);
            }
            final File target;
            final long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
            try {
                target = new File(stageDir, name);
            } finally {
                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
            }

            // TODO: this should delegate to DCS so the system process avoids
            // holding open FDs into containers.
            final FileDescriptor targetFd = Os.open(target.getAbsolutePath(),
                    O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
            Os.chmod(target.getAbsolutePath(), 0644);

            // If caller specified a total length, allocate it for them. Free up
            // cache space to grow, if needed.
            if (stageDir != null && lengthBytes > 0) {
                mContext.getSystemService(StorageManager.class).allocateBytes(targetFd, lengthBytes,
                        PackageHelper.translateAllocateFlags(params.installFlags));
            }

            if (offsetBytes > 0) {
                Os.lseek(targetFd, offsetBytes, OsConstants.SEEK_SET);
            }

            if (incomingFd != null) {
                switch (Binder.getCallingUid()) {
                    case android.os.Process.SHELL_UID:
                    case android.os.Process.ROOT_UID:
                    case android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID:
                        break;
                    default:
                        throw new SecurityException(
                                "Reverse mode only supported from shell or system");
                }

                // In "reverse" mode, we're streaming data ourselves from the
                // incoming FD, which means we never have to hand out our
                // sensitive internal FD. We still rely on a "bridge" being
                // inserted above to hold the session active.
                try {
                    final Int64Ref last = new Int64Ref(0);
                    FileUtils.copy(incomingFd.getFileDescriptor(), targetFd, lengthBytes, null,
                            Runnable::run, (long progress) -> {
                                if (params.sizeBytes > 0) {
                                    final long delta = progress - last.value;
                                    last.value = progress;
                                    addClientProgress((float) delta / (float) params.sizeBytes);
                                }
                            });
                } finally {
                    IoUtils.closeQuietly(targetFd);
                    IoUtils.closeQuietly(incomingFd);

                    // We're done here, so remove the "bridge" that was holding
                    // the session active.
                    synchronized (mLock) {
                        if (PackageInstaller.ENABLE_REVOCABLE_FD) {
                            mFds.remove(fd);
                        } else {
                            bridge.forceClose();
                            mBridges.remove(bridge);
                        }
                    }
                }
                return null;
            } else if (PackageInstaller.ENABLE_REVOCABLE_FD) {
                fd.init(mContext, targetFd);
                return fd.getRevocableFileDescriptor();
            } else {
                bridge.setTargetFile(targetFd);
                bridge.start();
                return new ParcelFileDescriptor(bridge.getClientSocket());
            }

        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
            throw e.rethrowAsIOException();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public ParcelFileDescriptor openRead(String name) {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            assertCallerIsOwnerOrRootLocked();
            assertPreparedAndNotCommittedOrDestroyedLocked("openRead");
            try {
                return openReadInternalLocked(name);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw ExceptionUtils.wrap(e);
            }
        }
    }

    private ParcelFileDescriptor openReadInternalLocked(String name) throws IOException {
        try {
            if (!FileUtils.isValidExtFilename(name)) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid name: " + name);
            }
            final File target = new File(resolveStageDirLocked(), name);
            final FileDescriptor targetFd = Os.open(target.getAbsolutePath(), O_RDONLY, 0);
            return new ParcelFileDescriptor(targetFd);
        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
            throw e.rethrowAsIOException();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Check if the caller is the owner of this session. Otherwise throw a
     * {@link SecurityException}.
     */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private void assertCallerIsOwnerOrRootLocked() {
        final int callingUid = Binder.getCallingUid();
        if (callingUid != Process.ROOT_UID && callingUid != mInstallerUid) {
            throw new SecurityException("Session does not belong to uid " + callingUid);
        }
    }

    /**
     * If anybody is reading or writing data of the session, throw an {@link SecurityException}.
     */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private void assertNoWriteFileTransfersOpenLocked() {
        // Verify that all writers are hands-off
        for (RevocableFileDescriptor fd : mFds) {
            if (!fd.isRevoked()) {
                throw new SecurityException("Files still open");
            }
        }
        for (FileBridge bridge : mBridges) {
            if (!bridge.isClosed()) {
                throw new SecurityException("Files still open");
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void commit(@NonNull IntentSender statusReceiver, boolean forTransfer) {
        if (hasParentSessionId()) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(
                    "Session " + sessionId + " is a child of multi-package session "
                            + mParentSessionId +  " and may not be committed directly.");
        }
        if (!markAsCommitted(statusReceiver, forTransfer)) {
            return;
        }
        if (isMultiPackage()) {
            final SparseIntArray remainingSessions = mChildSessionIds.clone();
            final IntentSender childIntentSender =
                    new ChildStatusIntentReceiver(remainingSessions, statusReceiver)
                            .getIntentSender();
            RuntimeException commitException = null;
            boolean commitFailed = false;
            for (int i = mChildSessionIds.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
                final int childSessionId = mChildSessionIds.keyAt(i);
                try {
                    // commit all children, regardless if any of them fail; we'll throw/return
                    // as appropriate once all children have been processed
                    if (!mSessionProvider.getSession(childSessionId)
                            .markAsCommitted(childIntentSender, forTransfer)) {
                        commitFailed = true;
                    }
                } catch (RuntimeException e) {
                    commitException = e;
                }
            }
            if (commitException != null) {
                throw commitException;
            }
            if (commitFailed) {
                return;
            }
        }
        mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_COMMIT).sendToTarget();
    }

    private class ChildStatusIntentReceiver {
        private final SparseIntArray mChildSessionsRemaining;
        private final IntentSender mStatusReceiver;
        private final IIntentSender.Stub mLocalSender = new IIntentSender.Stub() {
            @Override
            public void send(int code, Intent intent, String resolvedType, IBinder whitelistToken,
                    IIntentReceiver finishedReceiver, String requiredPermission, Bundle options) {
                statusUpdate(intent);
            }
        };

        private ChildStatusIntentReceiver(SparseIntArray remainingSessions,
                IntentSender statusReceiver) {
            this.mChildSessionsRemaining = remainingSessions;
            this.mStatusReceiver = statusReceiver;
        }

        public IntentSender getIntentSender() {
            return new IntentSender((IIntentSender) mLocalSender);
        }

        public void statusUpdate(Intent intent) {
            mHandler.post(() -> {
                if (mChildSessionsRemaining.size() == 0) {
                    return;
                }
                final int sessionId = intent.getIntExtra(
                        PackageInstaller.EXTRA_SESSION_ID, 0);
                final int status = intent.getIntExtra(PackageInstaller.EXTRA_STATUS,
                        PackageInstaller.STATUS_FAILURE);
                final int sessionIndex = mChildSessionsRemaining.indexOfKey(sessionId);
                if (PackageInstaller.STATUS_SUCCESS == status) {
                    mChildSessionsRemaining.removeAt(sessionIndex);
                    if (mChildSessionsRemaining.size() == 0) {
                        try {
                            intent.putExtra(PackageInstaller.EXTRA_SESSION_ID,
                                    PackageInstallerSession.this.sessionId);
                            mStatusReceiver.sendIntent(mContext, 0, intent, null, null);
                        } catch (IntentSender.SendIntentException ignore) {
                        }
                    }
                } else if (PackageInstaller.STATUS_PENDING_USER_ACTION == status) {
                    try {
                        mStatusReceiver.sendIntent(mContext, 0, intent, null, null);
                    } catch (IntentSender.SendIntentException ignore) {
                    }
                } else {
                    intent.putExtra(PackageInstaller.EXTRA_SESSION_ID,
                            PackageInstallerSession.this.sessionId);
                    mChildSessionsRemaining.clear(); // we're done. Don't send any more.
                    try {
                        mStatusReceiver.sendIntent(mContext, 0, intent, null, null);
                    } catch (IntentSender.SendIntentException ignore) {
                    }
                }
            });
        }
    }


    /**
     * Do everything but actually commit the session. If this was not already called, the session
     * will be sealed and marked as committed. The caller of this method is responsible for
     * subsequently submitting this session for processing.
     *
     * This method may be called multiple times to update the status receiver validate caller
     * permissions.
     */
    public boolean markAsCommitted(
            @NonNull IntentSender statusReceiver, boolean forTransfer) {
        Preconditions.checkNotNull(statusReceiver);

        List<PackageInstallerSession> childSessions = getChildSessions();

        final boolean wasSealed;
        synchronized (mLock) {
            assertCallerIsOwnerOrRootLocked();
            assertPreparedAndNotDestroyedLocked("commit");

            final PackageInstallObserverAdapter adapter = new PackageInstallObserverAdapter(
                    mContext, statusReceiver, sessionId,
                    isInstallerDeviceOwnerOrAffiliatedProfileOwnerLocked(), userId);
            mRemoteObserver = adapter.getBinder();

            if (forTransfer) {
                mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES, null);

                if (mInstallerUid == mOriginalInstallerUid) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Session has not been transferred");
                }
            } else {
                if (mInstallerUid != mOriginalInstallerUid) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Session has been transferred");
                }
            }

            // After validations and updating the observer, we can skip re-sealing, etc. because we
            // have already marked ourselves as committed.
            if (mCommitted) {
                return true;
            }

            wasSealed = mSealed;
            if (!mSealed) {
                try {
                    sealAndValidateLocked(childSessions);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
                } catch (PackageManagerException e) {
                    // Do now throw an exception here to stay compatible with O and older
                    destroyInternal();
                    dispatchSessionFinished(e.error, ExceptionUtils.getCompleteMessage(e), null);
                    return false;
                }
            }

            // Client staging is fully done at this point
            mClientProgress = 1f;
            computeProgressLocked(true);

            // This ongoing commit should keep session active, even though client
            // will probably close their end.
            mActiveCount.incrementAndGet();

            mCommitted = true;
        }

        if (!wasSealed) {
            // Persist the fact that we've sealed ourselves to prevent
            // mutations of any hard links we create. We do this without holding
            // the session lock, since otherwise it's a lock inversion.
            mCallback.onSessionSealedBlocking(this);
        }
        return true;
    }

    /** Return a list of child sessions or null if the session is not multipackage
     *
     * <p> This method is handy to prevent potential deadlocks (b/123391593)
     */
    private @Nullable List<PackageInstallerSession> getChildSessions() {
        List<PackageInstallerSession> childSessions = null;
        if (isMultiPackage()) {
            final int[] childSessionIds = getChildSessionIds();
            childSessions = new ArrayList<>(childSessionIds.length);
            for (int childSessionId : childSessionIds) {
                childSessions.add(mSessionProvider.getSession(childSessionId));
            }
        }
        return childSessions;
    }

    /**
     * Assert multipackage install has consistent sessions.
     *
     * @throws PackageManagerException if child sessions don't match parent session
     *                                  in respect to staged and enable rollback parameters.
     */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private void assertMultiPackageConsistencyLocked(
            @NonNull List<PackageInstallerSession> childSessions) throws PackageManagerException {
        for (PackageInstallerSession childSession : childSessions) {
            // It might be that the parent session is loaded before all of it's child sessions are,
            // e.g. when reading sessions from XML. Those sessions will be null here, and their
            // conformance with the multipackage params will be checked when they're loaded.
            if (childSession == null) {
                continue;
            }
            assertConsistencyWithLocked(childSession);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Assert consistency with the given session.
     *
     * @throws PackageManagerException if other sessions doesn't match this session
     *                                  in respect to staged and enable rollback parameters.
     */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private void assertConsistencyWithLocked(PackageInstallerSession other)
            throws PackageManagerException {
        // Session groups must be consistent wrt to isStaged parameter. Non-staging session
        // cannot be grouped with staging sessions.
        if (this.params.isStaged != other.params.isStaged) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(
                PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_MULTIPACKAGE_INCONSISTENCY,
                "Multipackage Inconsistency: session " + other.sessionId
                    + " and session " + sessionId
                    + " have inconsistent staged settings");
        }
        if (this.params.getEnableRollback() != other.params.getEnableRollback()) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(
                PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_MULTIPACKAGE_INCONSISTENCY,
                "Multipackage Inconsistency: session " + other.sessionId
                    + " and session " + sessionId
                    + " have inconsistent rollback settings");
        }
    }

    /**
     * Seal the session to prevent further modification and validate the contents of it.
     *
     * <p>The session will be sealed after calling this method even if it failed.
     *
     * @param childSessions the child sessions of a multipackage that will be checked for
     *                      consistency. Can be null if session is not multipackage.
     * @throws PackageManagerException if the session was sealed but something went wrong. If the
     *                                 session was sealed this is the only possible exception.
     */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private void sealAndValidateLocked(List<PackageInstallerSession> childSessions)
            throws PackageManagerException, IOException {
        assertNoWriteFileTransfersOpenLocked();
        assertPreparedAndNotDestroyedLocked("sealing of session");

        mSealed = true;

        if (childSessions != null) {
            assertMultiPackageConsistencyLocked(childSessions);
        }

        if (params.isStaged) {
            final PackageInstallerSession activeSession = mStagingManager.getActiveSession();
            final boolean anotherSessionAlreadyInProgress =
                    activeSession != null && sessionId != activeSession.sessionId
                            && mParentSessionId != activeSession.sessionId;
            if (anotherSessionAlreadyInProgress) {
                throw new PackageManagerException(
                        PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_OTHER_STAGED_SESSION_IN_PROGRESS,
                        "There is already in-progress committed staged session "
                                + activeSession.sessionId, null);
            }
        }

        // Read transfers from the original owner stay open, but as the session's data
        // cannot be modified anymore, there is no leak of information. For staged sessions,
        // further validation is performed by the staging manager.
        if (!params.isMultiPackage) {
            final PackageInfo pkgInfo = mPm.getPackageInfo(
                    params.appPackageName, PackageManager.GET_SIGNATURES
                            | PackageManager.MATCH_STATIC_SHARED_LIBRARIES /*flags*/, userId);

            resolveStageDirLocked();

            try {
                if ((params.installFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_APEX) != 0) {
                    validateApexInstallLocked();
                } else {
                    validateApkInstallLocked(pkgInfo);
                }
            } catch (PackageManagerException e) {
                throw e;
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                // Convert all exceptions into package manager exceptions as only those are handled
                // in the code above
                throw new PackageManagerException(e);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * If session should be sealed, then it's sealed to prevent further modification
     * and then it's validated.
     *
     * If the session was sealed but something went wrong then it's destroyed.
     *
     * <p> This is meant to be called after all of the sessions are loaded and added to
     * PackageInstallerService
     */
    void sealAndValidateIfNecessary() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            if (!mShouldBeSealed || isStagedAndInTerminalState()) {
                return;
            }
        }
        List<PackageInstallerSession> childSessions = getChildSessions();
        synchronized (mLock) {
            try {
                sealAndValidateLocked(childSessions);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new IllegalStateException(e);
            } catch (PackageManagerException e) {
                Slog.e(TAG, "Package not valid", e);
                // Session is sealed but could not be verified, we need to destroy it.
                destroyInternal();
                // Dispatch message to remove session from PackageInstallerService
                dispatchSessionFinished(
                        e.error, ExceptionUtils.getCompleteMessage(e), null);
            }
        }
    }

    /** Update the timestamp of when the staged session last changed state */
    public void markUpdated() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            this.updatedMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void transfer(String packageName) {
        Preconditions.checkNotNull(packageName);

        ApplicationInfo newOwnerAppInfo = mPm.getApplicationInfo(packageName, 0, userId);
        if (newOwnerAppInfo == null) {
            throw new ParcelableException(new PackageManager.NameNotFoundException(packageName));
        }

        if (PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED != mPm.checkUidPermission(
                Manifest.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES, newOwnerAppInfo.uid)) {
            throw new SecurityException("Destination package " + packageName + " does not have "
                    + "the " + Manifest.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES + " permission");
        }

        // Only install flags that can be verified by the app the session is transferred to are
        // allowed. The parameters can be read via PackageInstaller.SessionInfo.
        if (!params.areHiddenOptionsSet()) {
            throw new SecurityException("Can only transfer sessions that use public options");
        }

        List<PackageInstallerSession> childSessions = getChildSessions();

        synchronized (mLock) {
            assertCallerIsOwnerOrRootLocked();
            assertPreparedAndNotSealedLocked("transfer");

            try {
                sealAndValidateLocked(childSessions);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new IllegalStateException(e);
            } catch (PackageManagerException e) {
                // Session is sealed but could not be verified, we need to destroy it
                destroyInternal();
                dispatchSessionFinished(e.error, ExceptionUtils.getCompleteMessage(e), null);

                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Package is not valid", e);
            }

            if (!mPackageName.equals(mInstallerPackageName)) {
                throw new SecurityException("Can only transfer sessions that update the original "
                        + "installer");
            }

            mInstallerPackageName = packageName;
            mInstallerUid = newOwnerAppInfo.uid;
        }

        // Persist the fact that we've sealed ourselves to prevent
        // mutations of any hard links we create. We do this without holding
        // the session lock, since otherwise it's a lock inversion.
        mCallback.onSessionSealedBlocking(this);
    }

    private void handleCommit() {
        if (isInstallerDeviceOwnerOrAffiliatedProfileOwnerLocked()) {
            DevicePolicyEventLogger
                    .createEvent(DevicePolicyEnums.INSTALL_PACKAGE)
                    .setAdmin(mInstallerPackageName)
                    .write();
        }
        if (params.isStaged) {
            mStagingManager.commitSession(this);
            destroyInternal();
            dispatchSessionFinished(PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED, "Session staged", null);
            return;
        }

        if ((params.installFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_APEX) != 0) {
            destroyInternal();
            dispatchSessionFinished(PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                    "APEX packages can only be installed using staged sessions.", null);
            return;
        }

        // For a multiPackage session, read the child sessions
        // outside of the lock, because reading the child
        // sessions with the lock held could lead to deadlock
        // (b/123391593).
        List<PackageInstallerSession> childSessions = getChildSessions();

        try {
            synchronized (mLock) {
                commitNonStagedLocked(childSessions);
            }
        } catch (PackageManagerException e) {
            final String completeMsg = ExceptionUtils.getCompleteMessage(e);
            Slog.e(TAG, "Commit of session " + sessionId + " failed: " + completeMsg);
            destroyInternal();
            dispatchSessionFinished(e.error, completeMsg, null);
        }
    }

    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private void commitNonStagedLocked(List<PackageInstallerSession> childSessions)
            throws PackageManagerException {
        final PackageManagerService.ActiveInstallSession committingSession =
                makeSessionActiveLocked();
        if (committingSession == null) {
            return;
        }
        if (isMultiPackage()) {
            List<PackageManagerService.ActiveInstallSession> activeChildSessions =
                    new ArrayList<>(childSessions.size());
            boolean success = true;
            PackageManagerException failure = null;
            for (int i = 0; i < childSessions.size(); ++i) {
                final PackageInstallerSession session = childSessions.get(i);
                try {
                    final PackageManagerService.ActiveInstallSession activeSession =
                            session.makeSessionActiveLocked();
                    if (activeSession != null) {
                        activeChildSessions.add(activeSession);
                    }
                } catch (PackageManagerException e) {
                    failure = e;
                    success = false;
                }
            }
            if (!success) {
                try {
                    mRemoteObserver.onPackageInstalled(
                            null, failure.error, failure.getLocalizedMessage(), null);
                } catch (RemoteException ignored) {
                }
                return;
            }
            mPm.installStage(activeChildSessions);
        } else {
            mPm.installStage(committingSession);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Stages this session for install and returns a
     * {@link PackageManagerService.ActiveInstallSession} representing this new staged state or null
     * in case permissions need to be requested before install can proceed.
     */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private PackageManagerService.ActiveInstallSession makeSessionActiveLocked()
            throws PackageManagerException {
        if (mRelinquished) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                    "Session relinquished");
        }
        if (mDestroyed) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR, "Session destroyed");
        }
        if (!mSealed) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR, "Session not sealed");
        }

        final IPackageInstallObserver2 localObserver;
        if ((params.installFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_APEX) != 0) {
            localObserver = null;
        } else {
            if (!params.isMultiPackage) {
                Preconditions.checkNotNull(mPackageName);
                Preconditions.checkNotNull(mSigningDetails);
                Preconditions.checkNotNull(mResolvedBaseFile);

                if (needToAskForPermissionsLocked()) {
                    // User needs to confirm installation;
                    // give installer an intent they can use to involve
                    // user.
                    final Intent intent = new Intent(PackageInstaller.ACTION_CONFIRM_INSTALL);
                    intent.setPackage(mPm.getPackageInstallerPackageName());
                    intent.putExtra(PackageInstaller.EXTRA_SESSION_ID, sessionId);
                    try {
                        mRemoteObserver.onUserActionRequired(intent);
                    } catch (RemoteException ignored) {
                    }

                    // Commit was keeping session marked as active until now; release
                    // that extra refcount so session appears idle.
                    closeInternal(false);
                    return null;
                }

                // Inherit any packages and native libraries from existing install that
                // haven't been overridden.
                if (params.mode == SessionParams.MODE_INHERIT_EXISTING) {
                    try {
                        final List<File> fromFiles = mResolvedInheritedFiles;
                        final File toDir = resolveStageDirLocked();

                        if (LOGD) Slog.d(TAG, "Inherited files: " + mResolvedInheritedFiles);
                        if (!mResolvedInheritedFiles.isEmpty() && mInheritedFilesBase == null) {
                            throw new IllegalStateException("mInheritedFilesBase == null");
                        }

                        if (isLinkPossible(fromFiles, toDir)) {
                            if (!mResolvedInstructionSets.isEmpty()) {
                                final File oatDir = new File(toDir, "oat");
                                createOatDirs(mResolvedInstructionSets, oatDir);
                            }
                            // pre-create lib dirs for linking if necessary
                            if (!mResolvedNativeLibPaths.isEmpty()) {
                                for (String libPath : mResolvedNativeLibPaths) {
                                    // "/lib/arm64" -> ["lib", "arm64"]
                                    final int splitIndex = libPath.lastIndexOf('/');
                                    if (splitIndex < 0 || splitIndex >= libPath.length() - 1) {
                                        Slog.e(TAG,
                                                "Skipping native library creation for linking due"
                                                        + " to invalid path: " + libPath);
                                        continue;
                                    }
                                    final String libDirPath = libPath.substring(1, splitIndex);
                                    final File libDir = new File(toDir, libDirPath);
                                    if (!libDir.exists()) {
                                        NativeLibraryHelper.createNativeLibrarySubdir(libDir);
                                    }
                                    final String archDirPath = libPath.substring(splitIndex + 1);
                                    NativeLibraryHelper.createNativeLibrarySubdir(
                                            new File(libDir, archDirPath));
                                }
                            }
                            linkFiles(fromFiles, toDir, mInheritedFilesBase);
                        } else {
                            // TODO: this should delegate to DCS so the system process
                            // avoids holding open FDs into containers.
                            copyFiles(fromFiles, toDir);
                        }
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE,
                                "Failed to inherit existing install", e);
                    }
                }

                // TODO: surface more granular state from dexopt
                mInternalProgress = 0.5f;
                computeProgressLocked(true);

                // Unpack native libraries
                extractNativeLibraries(mResolvedStageDir, params.abiOverride,
                        mayInheritNativeLibs());
            }

            // We've reached point of no return; call into PMS to install the stage.
            // Regardless of success or failure we always destroy session.
            localObserver = new IPackageInstallObserver2.Stub() {
                @Override
                public void onUserActionRequired(Intent intent) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException();
                }

                @Override
                public void onPackageInstalled(String basePackageName, int returnCode, String msg,
                        Bundle extras) {
                    destroyInternal();
                    dispatchSessionFinished(returnCode, msg, extras);
                }
            };
        }

        final UserHandle user;
        if ((params.installFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_ALL_USERS) != 0) {
            user = UserHandle.ALL;
        } else {
            user = new UserHandle(userId);
        }

        mRelinquished = true;
        return new PackageManagerService.ActiveInstallSession(mPackageName, stageDir,
                localObserver, params, mInstallerPackageName, mInstallerUid, user,
                mSigningDetails);
    }

    private static void maybeRenameFile(File from, File to) throws PackageManagerException {
        if (!from.equals(to)) {
            if (!from.renameTo(to)) {
                throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                        "Could not rename file " + from + " to " + to);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the session should attempt to inherit any existing native libraries already
     * extracted at the current install location. This is necessary to prevent double loading of
     * native libraries already loaded by the running app.
     */
    private boolean mayInheritNativeLibs() {
        return SystemProperties.getBoolean(PROPERTY_NAME_INHERIT_NATIVE, true) &&
                params.mode == SessionParams.MODE_INHERIT_EXISTING &&
                (params.installFlags & PackageManager.DONT_KILL_APP) != 0;
    }

    /**
     * Validate apex install.
     * <p>
     * Sets {@link #mResolvedBaseFile} for RollbackManager to use.
     */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private void validateApexInstallLocked()
            throws PackageManagerException {
        final File[] addedFiles = mResolvedStageDir.listFiles(sAddedFilter);
        if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(addedFiles)) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK, "No packages staged");
        }

        if (ArrayUtils.size(addedFiles) > 1) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK,
                    "Too many files for apex install");
        }

        mResolvedBaseFile = addedFiles[0];
    }

    /**
     * Validate install by confirming that all application packages are have
     * consistent package name, version code, and signing certificates.
     * <p>
     * Clears and populates {@link #mResolvedBaseFile},
     * {@link #mResolvedStagedFiles}, and {@link #mResolvedInheritedFiles}.
     * <p>
     * Renames package files in stage to match split names defined inside.
     * <p>
     * Note that upgrade compatibility is still performed by
     * {@link PackageManagerService}.
     */
    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private void validateApkInstallLocked(@Nullable PackageInfo pkgInfo)
            throws PackageManagerException {
        ApkLite baseApk = null;
        mPackageName = null;
        mVersionCode = -1;
        mSigningDetails = PackageParser.SigningDetails.UNKNOWN;

        mResolvedBaseFile = null;
        mResolvedStagedFiles.clear();
        mResolvedInheritedFiles.clear();

        // Partial installs must be consistent with existing install
        if (params.mode == SessionParams.MODE_INHERIT_EXISTING
                && (pkgInfo == null || pkgInfo.applicationInfo == null)) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK,
                    "Missing existing base package");
        }
        // Default to require only if existing base has fs-verity.
        mVerityFound = PackageManagerServiceUtils.isApkVerityEnabled()
                && params.mode == SessionParams.MODE_INHERIT_EXISTING
                && VerityUtils.hasFsverity(pkgInfo.applicationInfo.getBaseCodePath());

        try {
            resolveStageDirLocked();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_CONTAINER_ERROR,
                    "Failed to resolve stage location", e);
        }

        final File[] removedFiles = mResolvedStageDir.listFiles(sRemovedFilter);
        final List<String> removeSplitList = new ArrayList<>();
        if (!ArrayUtils.isEmpty(removedFiles)) {
            for (File removedFile : removedFiles) {
                final String fileName = removedFile.getName();
                final String splitName = fileName.substring(
                        0, fileName.length() - REMOVE_SPLIT_MARKER_EXTENSION.length());
                removeSplitList.add(splitName);
            }
        }

        final File[] addedFiles = mResolvedStageDir.listFiles(sAddedFilter);
        if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(addedFiles) && removeSplitList.size() == 0) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK, "No packages staged");
        }

        // Verify that all staged packages are internally consistent
        final ArraySet<String> stagedSplits = new ArraySet<>();
        for (File addedFile : addedFiles) {
            final ApkLite apk;
            try {
                apk = PackageParser.parseApkLite(
                        addedFile, PackageParser.PARSE_COLLECT_CERTIFICATES);
            } catch (PackageParserException e) {
                throw PackageManagerException.from(e);
            }

            if (!stagedSplits.add(apk.splitName)) {
                throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK,
                        "Split " + apk.splitName + " was defined multiple times");
            }

            // Use first package to define unknown values
            if (mPackageName == null) {
                mPackageName = apk.packageName;
                mVersionCode = apk.getLongVersionCode();
            }
            if (mSigningDetails == PackageParser.SigningDetails.UNKNOWN) {
                mSigningDetails = apk.signingDetails;
            }

            assertApkConsistentLocked(String.valueOf(addedFile), apk);

            // Take this opportunity to enforce uniform naming
            final String targetName;
            if (apk.splitName == null) {
                targetName = "base" + APK_FILE_EXTENSION;
            } else {
                targetName = "split_" + apk.splitName + APK_FILE_EXTENSION;
            }
            if (!FileUtils.isValidExtFilename(targetName)) {
                throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK,
                        "Invalid filename: " + targetName);
            }

            final File targetFile = new File(mResolvedStageDir, targetName);
            resolveAndStageFile(addedFile, targetFile);

            // Base is coming from session
            if (apk.splitName == null) {
                mResolvedBaseFile = targetFile;
                baseApk = apk;
            }

            final File dexMetadataFile = DexMetadataHelper.findDexMetadataForFile(addedFile);
            if (dexMetadataFile != null) {
                if (!FileUtils.isValidExtFilename(dexMetadataFile.getName())) {
                    throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK,
                            "Invalid filename: " + dexMetadataFile);
                }
                final File targetDexMetadataFile = new File(mResolvedStageDir,
                        DexMetadataHelper.buildDexMetadataPathForApk(targetName));
                resolveAndStageFile(dexMetadataFile, targetDexMetadataFile);
            }
        }

        if (removeSplitList.size() > 0) {
            if (pkgInfo == null) {
                throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK,
                        "Missing existing base package for " + mPackageName);
            }

            // validate split names marked for removal
            for (String splitName : removeSplitList) {
                if (!ArrayUtils.contains(pkgInfo.splitNames, splitName)) {
                    throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK,
                            "Split not found: " + splitName);
                }
            }

            // ensure we've got appropriate package name, version code and signatures
            if (mPackageName == null) {
                mPackageName = pkgInfo.packageName;
                mVersionCode = pkgInfo.getLongVersionCode();
            }
            if (mSigningDetails == PackageParser.SigningDetails.UNKNOWN) {
                try {
                    mSigningDetails = ApkSignatureVerifier.unsafeGetCertsWithoutVerification(
                            pkgInfo.applicationInfo.sourceDir,
                            PackageParser.SigningDetails.SignatureSchemeVersion.JAR);
                } catch (PackageParserException e) {
                    throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK,
                            "Couldn't obtain signatures from base APK");
                }
            }
        }

        if (params.mode == SessionParams.MODE_FULL_INSTALL) {
            // Full installs must include a base package
            if (!stagedSplits.contains(null)) {
                throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK,
                        "Full install must include a base package");
            }

        } else {
            final PackageLite existing;
            final ApkLite existingBase;
            ApplicationInfo appInfo = pkgInfo.applicationInfo;
            try {
                existing = PackageParser.parsePackageLite(new File(appInfo.getCodePath()), 0);
                existingBase = PackageParser.parseApkLite(new File(appInfo.getBaseCodePath()),
                        PackageParser.PARSE_COLLECT_CERTIFICATES);
            } catch (PackageParserException e) {
                throw PackageManagerException.from(e);
            }

            assertApkConsistentLocked("Existing base", existingBase);

            // Inherit base if not overridden
            if (mResolvedBaseFile == null) {
                mResolvedBaseFile = new File(appInfo.getBaseCodePath());
                resolveInheritedFile(mResolvedBaseFile);
                // Inherit the dex metadata if present.
                final File baseDexMetadataFile =
                        DexMetadataHelper.findDexMetadataForFile(mResolvedBaseFile);
                if (baseDexMetadataFile != null) {
                    resolveInheritedFile(baseDexMetadataFile);
                }
                baseApk = existingBase;
            }

            // Inherit splits if not overridden
            if (!ArrayUtils.isEmpty(existing.splitNames)) {
                for (int i = 0; i < existing.splitNames.length; i++) {
                    final String splitName = existing.splitNames[i];
                    final File splitFile = new File(existing.splitCodePaths[i]);
                    final boolean splitRemoved = removeSplitList.contains(splitName);
                    if (!stagedSplits.contains(splitName) && !splitRemoved) {
                        resolveInheritedFile(splitFile);
                        // Inherit the dex metadata if present.
                        final File splitDexMetadataFile =
                                DexMetadataHelper.findDexMetadataForFile(splitFile);
                        if (splitDexMetadataFile != null) {
                            resolveInheritedFile(splitDexMetadataFile);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            // Inherit compiled oat directory.
            final File packageInstallDir = (new File(appInfo.getBaseCodePath())).getParentFile();
            mInheritedFilesBase = packageInstallDir;
            final File oatDir = new File(packageInstallDir, "oat");
            if (oatDir.exists()) {
                final File[] archSubdirs = oatDir.listFiles();

                // Keep track of all instruction sets we've seen compiled output for.
                // If we're linking (and not copying) inherited files, we can recreate the
                // instruction set hierarchy and link compiled output.
                if (archSubdirs != null && archSubdirs.length > 0) {
                    final String[] instructionSets = InstructionSets.getAllDexCodeInstructionSets();
                    for (File archSubDir : archSubdirs) {
                        // Skip any directory that isn't an ISA subdir.
                        if (!ArrayUtils.contains(instructionSets, archSubDir.getName())) {
                            continue;
                        }

                        mResolvedInstructionSets.add(archSubDir.getName());
                        List<File> oatFiles = Arrays.asList(archSubDir.listFiles());
                        if (!oatFiles.isEmpty()) {
                            mResolvedInheritedFiles.addAll(oatFiles);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            // Inherit native libraries for DONT_KILL sessions.
            if (mayInheritNativeLibs() && removeSplitList.isEmpty()) {
                File[] libDirs = new File[]{
                        new File(packageInstallDir, NativeLibraryHelper.LIB_DIR_NAME),
                        new File(packageInstallDir, NativeLibraryHelper.LIB64_DIR_NAME)};
                for (File libDir : libDirs) {
                    if (!libDir.exists() || !libDir.isDirectory()) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    final List<File> libDirsToInherit = new LinkedList<>();
                    for (File archSubDir : libDir.listFiles()) {
                        if (!archSubDir.isDirectory()) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        String relLibPath;
                        try {
                            relLibPath = getRelativePath(archSubDir, packageInstallDir);
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            Slog.e(TAG, "Skipping linking of native library directory!", e);
                            // shouldn't be possible, but let's avoid inheriting these to be safe
                            libDirsToInherit.clear();
                            break;
                        }
                        if (!mResolvedNativeLibPaths.contains(relLibPath)) {
                            mResolvedNativeLibPaths.add(relLibPath);
                        }
                        libDirsToInherit.addAll(Arrays.asList(archSubDir.listFiles()));
                    }
                    mResolvedInheritedFiles.addAll(libDirsToInherit);
                }
            }
        }
        if (baseApk.useEmbeddedDex) {
            for (File file : mResolvedStagedFiles) {
                if (file.getName().endsWith(".apk")
                        && !DexManager.auditUncompressedDexInApk(file.getPath())) {
                    throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK,
                            "Some dex are not uncompressed and aligned correctly for "
                            + mPackageName);
                }
            }
        }
        if (baseApk.isSplitRequired && stagedSplits.size() <= 1) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_MISSING_SPLIT,
                    "Missing split for " + mPackageName);
        }
    }

    private void resolveAndStageFile(File origFile, File targetFile)
            throws PackageManagerException {
        mResolvedStagedFiles.add(targetFile);
        maybeRenameFile(origFile, targetFile);

        final File originalSignature = new File(
                VerityUtils.getFsveritySignatureFilePath(origFile.getPath()));
        // Make sure .fsv_sig exists when it should, then resolve and stage it.
        if (originalSignature.exists()) {
            // mVerityFound can only change from false to true here during the staging loop. Since
            // all or none of files should have .fsv_sig, this should only happen in the first time
            // (or never), otherwise bail out.
            if (!mVerityFound) {
                mVerityFound = true;
                if (mResolvedStagedFiles.size() > 1) {
                    throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_BAD_SIGNATURE,
                            "Some file is missing fs-verity signature");
                }
            }
        } else {
            if (!mVerityFound) {
                return;
            }
            throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_BAD_SIGNATURE,
                    "Missing corresponding fs-verity signature to " + origFile);
        }

        final File stagedSignature = new File(
                VerityUtils.getFsveritySignatureFilePath(targetFile.getPath()));
        maybeRenameFile(originalSignature, stagedSignature);
        mResolvedStagedFiles.add(stagedSignature);
    }

    private void resolveInheritedFile(File origFile) {
        mResolvedInheritedFiles.add(origFile);

        // Inherit the fsverity signature file if present.
        final File fsveritySignatureFile = new File(
                VerityUtils.getFsveritySignatureFilePath(origFile.getPath()));
        if (fsveritySignatureFile.exists()) {
            mResolvedInheritedFiles.add(fsveritySignatureFile);
        }
    }

    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private void assertApkConsistentLocked(String tag, ApkLite apk)
            throws PackageManagerException {
        if (!mPackageName.equals(apk.packageName)) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK, tag + " package "
                    + apk.packageName + " inconsistent with " + mPackageName);
        }
        if (params.appPackageName != null && !params.appPackageName.equals(apk.packageName)) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK, tag
                    + " specified package " + params.appPackageName
                    + " inconsistent with " + apk.packageName);
        }
        if (mVersionCode != apk.getLongVersionCode()) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK, tag
                    + " version code " + apk.versionCode + " inconsistent with "
                    + mVersionCode);
        }
        if (!mSigningDetails.signaturesMatchExactly(apk.signingDetails)) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK,
                    tag + " signatures are inconsistent");
        }
    }

    /**
     * Determine if creating hard links between source and destination is
     * possible. That is, do they all live on the same underlying device.
     */
    private boolean isLinkPossible(List<File> fromFiles, File toDir) {
        try {
            final StructStat toStat = Os.stat(toDir.getAbsolutePath());
            for (File fromFile : fromFiles) {
                final StructStat fromStat = Os.stat(fromFile.getAbsolutePath());
                if (fromStat.st_dev != toStat.st_dev) {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
            Slog.w(TAG, "Failed to detect if linking possible: " + e);
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @return the uid of the owner this session
     */
    public int getInstallerUid() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            return mInstallerUid;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @return the timestamp of when this session last changed state
     */
    public long getUpdatedMillis() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            return updatedMillis;
        }
    }

    String getInstallerPackageName() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            return mInstallerPackageName;
        }
    }

    private static String getRelativePath(File file, File base) throws IOException {
        final String pathStr = file.getAbsolutePath();
        final String baseStr = base.getAbsolutePath();
        // Don't allow relative paths.
        if (pathStr.contains("/.") ) {
            throw new IOException("Invalid path (was relative) : " + pathStr);
        }

        if (pathStr.startsWith(baseStr)) {
            return pathStr.substring(baseStr.length());
        }

        throw new IOException("File: " + pathStr + " outside base: " + baseStr);
    }

    private void createOatDirs(List<String> instructionSets, File fromDir)
            throws PackageManagerException {
        for (String instructionSet : instructionSets) {
            try {
                mPm.mInstaller.createOatDir(fromDir.getAbsolutePath(), instructionSet);
            } catch (InstallerException e) {
                throw PackageManagerException.from(e);
            }
        }
    }

    private void linkFiles(List<File> fromFiles, File toDir, File fromDir)
            throws IOException {
        for (File fromFile : fromFiles) {
            final String relativePath = getRelativePath(fromFile, fromDir);
            try {
                mPm.mInstaller.linkFile(relativePath, fromDir.getAbsolutePath(),
                        toDir.getAbsolutePath());
            } catch (InstallerException e) {
                throw new IOException("failed linkOrCreateDir(" + relativePath + ", "
                        + fromDir + ", " + toDir + ")", e);
            }
        }

        Slog.d(TAG, "Linked " + fromFiles.size() + " files into " + toDir);
    }

    private static void copyFiles(List<File> fromFiles, File toDir) throws IOException {
        // Remove any partial files from previous attempt
        for (File file : toDir.listFiles()) {
            if (file.getName().endsWith(".tmp")) {
                file.delete();
            }
        }

        for (File fromFile : fromFiles) {
            final File tmpFile = File.createTempFile("inherit", ".tmp", toDir);
            if (LOGD) Slog.d(TAG, "Copying " + fromFile + " to " + tmpFile);
            if (!FileUtils.copyFile(fromFile, tmpFile)) {
                throw new IOException("Failed to copy " + fromFile + " to " + tmpFile);
            }
            try {
                Os.chmod(tmpFile.getAbsolutePath(), 0644);
            } catch (ErrnoException e) {
                throw new IOException("Failed to chmod " + tmpFile);
            }
            final File toFile = new File(toDir, fromFile.getName());
            if (LOGD) Slog.d(TAG, "Renaming " + tmpFile + " to " + toFile);
            if (!tmpFile.renameTo(toFile)) {
                throw new IOException("Failed to rename " + tmpFile + " to " + toFile);
            }
        }
        Slog.d(TAG, "Copied " + fromFiles.size() + " files into " + toDir);
    }

    private static void extractNativeLibraries(File packageDir, String abiOverride, boolean inherit)
            throws PackageManagerException {
        final File libDir = new File(packageDir, NativeLibraryHelper.LIB_DIR_NAME);
        if (!inherit) {
            // Start from a clean slate
            NativeLibraryHelper.removeNativeBinariesFromDirLI(libDir, true);
        }

        NativeLibraryHelper.Handle handle = null;
        try {
            handle = NativeLibraryHelper.Handle.create(packageDir);
            final int res = NativeLibraryHelper.copyNativeBinariesWithOverride(handle, libDir,
                    abiOverride);
            if (res != PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED) {
                throw new PackageManagerException(res,
                        "Failed to extract native libraries, res=" + res);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new PackageManagerException(INSTALL_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                    "Failed to extract native libraries", e);
        } finally {
            IoUtils.closeQuietly(handle);
        }
    }

    void setPermissionsResult(boolean accepted) {
        if (!mSealed) {
            throw new SecurityException("Must be sealed to accept permissions");
        }

        if (accepted) {
            // Mark and kick off another install pass
            synchronized (mLock) {
                mPermissionsManuallyAccepted = true;
                mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_COMMIT).sendToTarget();
            }
        } else {
            destroyInternal();
            dispatchSessionFinished(INSTALL_FAILED_ABORTED, "User rejected permissions", null);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Adds a child session ID without any safety / sanity checks. This should only be used to
     * build a session from XML or similar.
     */
    void addChildSessionIdInternal(int sessionId) {
        mChildSessionIds.put(sessionId, 0);
    }

    public void open() throws IOException {
        if (mActiveCount.getAndIncrement() == 0) {
            mCallback.onSessionActiveChanged(this, true);
        }

        boolean wasPrepared;
        synchronized (mLock) {
            wasPrepared = mPrepared;
            if (!mPrepared) {
                if (stageDir != null) {
                    prepareStageDir(stageDir);
                } else if (params.isMultiPackage) {
                    // it's all ok
                } else {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("stageDir must be set");
                }

                mPrepared = true;
            }
        }

        if (!wasPrepared) {
            mCallback.onSessionPrepared(this);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void close() {
        closeInternal(true);
    }

    private void closeInternal(boolean checkCaller) {
        int activeCount;
        synchronized (mLock) {
            if (checkCaller) {
                assertCallerIsOwnerOrRootLocked();
            }

            activeCount = mActiveCount.decrementAndGet();
        }

        if (activeCount == 0) {
            mCallback.onSessionActiveChanged(this, false);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void abandon() {
        if (hasParentSessionId()) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(
                    "Session " + sessionId + " is a child of multi-package session "
                            + mParentSessionId +  " and may not be abandoned directly.");
        }
        synchronized (mLock) {
            assertCallerIsOwnerOrRootLocked();

            if (isStagedAndInTerminalState()) {
                // We keep the session in the database if it's in a finalized state. It will be
                // removed by PackageInstallerService when the last update time is old enough.
                // Also, in such cases cleanStageDir() has already been executed so no need to
                // do it now.
                return;
            }
            if (mCommitted && params.isStaged) {
                synchronized (mLock) {
                    mDestroyed = true;
                }
                mStagingManager.abortCommittedSession(this);

                cleanStageDir();
            }

            if (mRelinquished) {
                Slog.d(TAG, "Ignoring abandon after commit relinquished control");
                return;
            }
            destroyInternal();
        }

        dispatchSessionFinished(INSTALL_FAILED_ABORTED, "Session was abandoned", null);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isMultiPackage() {
        return params.isMultiPackage;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isStaged() {
        return params.isStaged;
    }

    @Override
    public int[] getChildSessionIds() {
        final int[] childSessionIds = mChildSessionIds.copyKeys();
        if (childSessionIds != null) {
            return childSessionIds;
        }
        return EMPTY_CHILD_SESSION_ARRAY;
    }

    @Override
    public void addChildSessionId(int childSessionId) {
        final PackageInstallerSession childSession = mSessionProvider.getSession(childSessionId);
        if (childSession == null
                || (childSession.hasParentSessionId() && childSession.mParentSessionId != sessionId)
                || childSession.mCommitted
                || childSession.mDestroyed) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to add child session " + childSessionId
                            + " as it does not exist or is in an invalid state.");
        }
        synchronized (mLock) {
            assertCallerIsOwnerOrRootLocked();
            assertPreparedAndNotSealedLocked("addChildSessionId");

            final int indexOfSession = mChildSessionIds.indexOfKey(childSessionId);
            if (indexOfSession >= 0) {
                return;
            }
            childSession.setParentSessionId(this.sessionId);
            addChildSessionIdInternal(childSessionId);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void removeChildSessionId(int sessionId) {
        final PackageInstallerSession session = mSessionProvider.getSession(sessionId);
        synchronized (mLock) {
            final int indexOfSession = mChildSessionIds.indexOfKey(sessionId);
            if (session != null) {
                session.setParentSessionId(SessionInfo.INVALID_ID);
            }
            if (indexOfSession < 0) {
                // not added in the first place; no-op
                return;
            }
            mChildSessionIds.removeAt(indexOfSession);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Sets the parent session ID if not already set.
     * If {@link SessionInfo#INVALID_ID} is passed, it will be unset.
     */
    void setParentSessionId(int parentSessionId) {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            if (parentSessionId != SessionInfo.INVALID_ID
                    && mParentSessionId != SessionInfo.INVALID_ID) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("The parent of " + sessionId + " is" + " already"
                        + "set to " + mParentSessionId);
            }
            this.mParentSessionId = parentSessionId;
        }
    }

    boolean hasParentSessionId() {
        return mParentSessionId != SessionInfo.INVALID_ID;
    }

    @Override
    public int getParentSessionId() {
        return mParentSessionId;
    }

    private void dispatchSessionFinished(int returnCode, String msg, Bundle extras) {
        final IPackageInstallObserver2 observer;
        final String packageName;
        synchronized (mLock) {
            mFinalStatus = returnCode;
            mFinalMessage = msg;

            observer = mRemoteObserver;
            packageName = mPackageName;
        }

        if (observer != null) {
            // Execute observer.onPackageInstalled on different tread as we don't want callers
            // inside the system server have to worry about catching the callbacks while they are
            // calling into the session
            final SomeArgs args = SomeArgs.obtain();
            args.arg1 = packageName;
            args.arg2 = msg;
            args.arg3 = extras;
            args.arg4 = observer;
            args.argi1 = returnCode;

            mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_ON_PACKAGE_INSTALLED, args).sendToTarget();
        }

        final boolean success = (returnCode == PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED);

        // Send broadcast to default launcher only if it's a new install
        final boolean isNewInstall = extras == null || !extras.getBoolean(Intent.EXTRA_REPLACING);
        if (success && isNewInstall && mPm.mInstallerService.okToSendBroadcasts()) {
            mPm.sendSessionCommitBroadcast(generateInfo(), userId);
        }

        mCallback.onSessionFinished(this, success);
    }

    /** {@hide} */
    void setStagedSessionReady() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            mStagedSessionReady = true;
            mStagedSessionApplied = false;
            mStagedSessionFailed = false;
            mStagedSessionErrorCode = SessionInfo.STAGED_SESSION_NO_ERROR;
            mStagedSessionErrorMessage = "";
        }
        mCallback.onStagedSessionChanged(this);
    }

    /** {@hide} */
    void setStagedSessionFailed(@StagedSessionErrorCode int errorCode,
                                String errorMessage) {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            mStagedSessionReady = false;
            mStagedSessionApplied = false;
            mStagedSessionFailed = true;
            mStagedSessionErrorCode = errorCode;
            mStagedSessionErrorMessage = errorMessage;
            Slog.d(TAG, "Marking session " + sessionId + " as failed: " + errorMessage);
        }
        cleanStageDir();
        mCallback.onStagedSessionChanged(this);
    }

    /** {@hide} */
    void setStagedSessionApplied() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            mStagedSessionReady = false;
            mStagedSessionApplied = true;
            mStagedSessionFailed = false;
            mStagedSessionErrorCode = SessionInfo.STAGED_SESSION_NO_ERROR;
            mStagedSessionErrorMessage = "";
            Slog.d(TAG, "Marking session " + sessionId + " as applied");
        }
        cleanStageDir();
        mCallback.onStagedSessionChanged(this);
    }

    /** {@hide} */
    boolean isStagedSessionReady() {
        return mStagedSessionReady;
    }

    /** {@hide} */
    boolean isStagedSessionApplied() {
        return mStagedSessionApplied;
    }

    /** {@hide} */
    boolean isStagedSessionFailed() {
        return mStagedSessionFailed;
    }

    /** {@hide} */
    @StagedSessionErrorCode int getStagedSessionErrorCode() {
        return mStagedSessionErrorCode;
    }

    /** {@hide} */
    String getStagedSessionErrorMessage() {
        return mStagedSessionErrorMessage;
    }

    private void destroyInternal() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            mSealed = true;
            if (!params.isStaged || isStagedAndInTerminalState()) {
                mDestroyed = true;
            }
            // Force shut down all bridges
            for (RevocableFileDescriptor fd : mFds) {
                fd.revoke();
            }
            for (FileBridge bridge : mBridges) {
                bridge.forceClose();
            }
        }
        // For staged sessions, we don't delete the directory where the packages have been copied,
        // since these packages are supposed to be read on reboot.
        // Those dirs are deleted when the staged session has reached a final state.
        if (stageDir != null && !params.isStaged) {
            try {
                mPm.mInstaller.rmPackageDir(stageDir.getAbsolutePath());
            } catch (InstallerException ignored) {
            }
        }
    }

    private void cleanStageDir() {
        if (isMultiPackage()) {
            for (int childSessionId : getChildSessionIds()) {
                mSessionProvider.getSession(childSessionId).cleanStageDir();
            }
        } else {
            try {
                mPm.mInstaller.rmPackageDir(stageDir.getAbsolutePath());
            } catch (InstallerException ignored) {
            }
        }
    }

    void dump(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            dumpLocked(pw);
        }
    }

    @GuardedBy("mLock")
    private void dumpLocked(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
        pw.println("Session " + sessionId + ":");
        pw.increaseIndent();

        pw.printPair("userId", userId);
        pw.printPair("mOriginalInstallerUid", mOriginalInstallerUid);
        pw.printPair("mInstallerPackageName", mInstallerPackageName);
        pw.printPair("mInstallerUid", mInstallerUid);
        pw.printPair("createdMillis", createdMillis);
        pw.printPair("stageDir", stageDir);
        pw.printPair("stageCid", stageCid);
        pw.println();

        params.dump(pw);

        pw.printPair("mClientProgress", mClientProgress);
        pw.printPair("mProgress", mProgress);
        pw.printPair("mCommitted", mCommitted);
        pw.printPair("mSealed", mSealed);
        pw.printPair("mPermissionsManuallyAccepted", mPermissionsManuallyAccepted);
        pw.printPair("mRelinquished", mRelinquished);
        pw.printPair("mDestroyed", mDestroyed);
        pw.printPair("mFds", mFds.size());
        pw.printPair("mBridges", mBridges.size());
        pw.printPair("mFinalStatus", mFinalStatus);
        pw.printPair("mFinalMessage", mFinalMessage);
        pw.printPair("params.isMultiPackage", params.isMultiPackage);
        pw.printPair("params.isStaged", params.isStaged);
        pw.println();

        pw.decreaseIndent();
    }

    private static void writeGrantedRuntimePermissionsLocked(XmlSerializer out,
            String[] grantedRuntimePermissions) throws IOException {
        if (grantedRuntimePermissions != null) {
            for (String permission : grantedRuntimePermissions) {
                out.startTag(null, TAG_GRANTED_RUNTIME_PERMISSION);
                writeStringAttribute(out, ATTR_NAME, permission);
                out.endTag(null, TAG_GRANTED_RUNTIME_PERMISSION);
            }
        }
    }

    private static void writeWhitelistedRestrictedPermissionsLocked(@NonNull XmlSerializer out,
            @Nullable List<String> whitelistedRestrictedPermissions) throws IOException {
        if (whitelistedRestrictedPermissions != null) {
            final int permissionCount = whitelistedRestrictedPermissions.size();
            for (int i = 0; i < permissionCount; i++) {
                out.startTag(null, TAG_WHITELISTED_RESTRICTED_PERMISSION);
                writeStringAttribute(out, ATTR_NAME, whitelistedRestrictedPermissions.get(i));
                out.endTag(null, TAG_WHITELISTED_RESTRICTED_PERMISSION);
            }
        }
    }


    private static File buildAppIconFile(int sessionId, @NonNull File sessionsDir) {
        return new File(sessionsDir, "app_icon." + sessionId + ".png");
    }

    /**
     * Write this session to a {@link XmlSerializer}.
     *
     * @param out Where to write the session to
     * @param sessionsDir The directory containing the sessions
     */
    void write(@NonNull XmlSerializer out, @NonNull File sessionsDir) throws IOException {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            if (mDestroyed) {
                return;
            }

            out.startTag(null, TAG_SESSION);

            writeIntAttribute(out, ATTR_SESSION_ID, sessionId);
            writeIntAttribute(out, ATTR_USER_ID, userId);
            writeStringAttribute(out, ATTR_INSTALLER_PACKAGE_NAME,
                    mInstallerPackageName);
            writeIntAttribute(out, ATTR_INSTALLER_UID, mInstallerUid);
            writeLongAttribute(out, ATTR_CREATED_MILLIS, createdMillis);
            writeLongAttribute(out, ATTR_UPDATED_MILLIS, updatedMillis);
            if (stageDir != null) {
                writeStringAttribute(out, ATTR_SESSION_STAGE_DIR,
                        stageDir.getAbsolutePath());
            }
            if (stageCid != null) {
                writeStringAttribute(out, ATTR_SESSION_STAGE_CID, stageCid);
            }
            writeBooleanAttribute(out, ATTR_PREPARED, isPrepared());
            writeBooleanAttribute(out, ATTR_COMMITTED, isCommitted());
            writeBooleanAttribute(out, ATTR_SEALED, isSealed());

            writeBooleanAttribute(out, ATTR_MULTI_PACKAGE, params.isMultiPackage);
            writeBooleanAttribute(out, ATTR_STAGED_SESSION, params.isStaged);
            writeBooleanAttribute(out, ATTR_IS_READY, mStagedSessionReady);
            writeBooleanAttribute(out, ATTR_IS_FAILED, mStagedSessionFailed);
            writeBooleanAttribute(out, ATTR_IS_APPLIED, mStagedSessionApplied);
            writeIntAttribute(out, ATTR_STAGED_SESSION_ERROR_CODE, mStagedSessionErrorCode);
            writeStringAttribute(out, ATTR_STAGED_SESSION_ERROR_MESSAGE,
                    mStagedSessionErrorMessage);
            // TODO(patb,109941548): avoid writing to xml and instead infer / validate this after
            //                       we've read all sessions.
            writeIntAttribute(out, ATTR_PARENT_SESSION_ID, mParentSessionId);
            writeIntAttribute(out, ATTR_MODE, params.mode);
            writeIntAttribute(out, ATTR_INSTALL_FLAGS, params.installFlags);
            writeIntAttribute(out, ATTR_INSTALL_LOCATION, params.installLocation);
            writeLongAttribute(out, ATTR_SIZE_BYTES, params.sizeBytes);
            writeStringAttribute(out, ATTR_APP_PACKAGE_NAME, params.appPackageName);
            writeStringAttribute(out, ATTR_APP_LABEL, params.appLabel);
            writeUriAttribute(out, ATTR_ORIGINATING_URI, params.originatingUri);
            writeIntAttribute(out, ATTR_ORIGINATING_UID, params.originatingUid);
            writeUriAttribute(out, ATTR_REFERRER_URI, params.referrerUri);
            writeStringAttribute(out, ATTR_ABI_OVERRIDE, params.abiOverride);
            writeStringAttribute(out, ATTR_VOLUME_UUID, params.volumeUuid);
            writeIntAttribute(out, ATTR_INSTALL_REASON, params.installReason);

            writeGrantedRuntimePermissionsLocked(out, params.grantedRuntimePermissions);
            writeWhitelistedRestrictedPermissionsLocked(out,
                    params.whitelistedRestrictedPermissions);

            // Persist app icon if changed since last written
            File appIconFile = buildAppIconFile(sessionId, sessionsDir);
            if (params.appIcon == null && appIconFile.exists()) {
                appIconFile.delete();
            } else if (params.appIcon != null
                    && appIconFile.lastModified() != params.appIconLastModified) {
                if (LOGD) Slog.w(TAG, "Writing changed icon " + appIconFile);
                FileOutputStream os = null;
                try {
                    os = new FileOutputStream(appIconFile);
                    params.appIcon.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 90, os);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    Slog.w(TAG, "Failed to write icon " + appIconFile + ": " + e.getMessage());
                } finally {
                    IoUtils.closeQuietly(os);
                }

                params.appIconLastModified = appIconFile.lastModified();
            }
            final int[] childSessionIds = getChildSessionIds();
            for (int childSessionId : childSessionIds) {
                out.startTag(null, TAG_CHILD_SESSION);
                writeIntAttribute(out, ATTR_SESSION_ID, childSessionId);
                out.endTag(null, TAG_CHILD_SESSION);
            }
        }

        out.endTag(null, TAG_SESSION);
    }

    // Sanity check to be performed when the session is restored from an external file. Only one
    // of the session states should be true, or none of them.
    private static boolean isStagedSessionStateValid(boolean isReady, boolean isApplied,
                                                     boolean isFailed) {
        return (!isReady && !isApplied && !isFailed)
                || (isReady && !isApplied && !isFailed)
                || (!isReady && isApplied && !isFailed)
                || (!isReady && !isApplied && isFailed);
    }

    /**
     * Read new session from a {@link XmlPullParser xml description} and create it.
     *
     * @param in The source of the description
     * @param callback Callback the session uses to notify about changes of it's state
     * @param context Context to be used by the session
     * @param pm PackageManager to use by the session
     * @param installerThread Thread to be used for callbacks of this session
     * @param sessionsDir The directory the sessions are stored in
     *
     * @param sessionProvider
     * @return The newly created session
     */
    public static PackageInstallerSession readFromXml(@NonNull XmlPullParser in,
            @NonNull PackageInstallerService.InternalCallback callback, @NonNull Context context,
            @NonNull PackageManagerService pm, Looper installerThread,
            @NonNull StagingManager stagingManager, @NonNull File sessionsDir,
            @NonNull PackageSessionProvider sessionProvider)
            throws IOException, XmlPullParserException {
        final int sessionId = readIntAttribute(in, ATTR_SESSION_ID);
        final int userId = readIntAttribute(in, ATTR_USER_ID);
        final String installerPackageName = readStringAttribute(in, ATTR_INSTALLER_PACKAGE_NAME);
        final int installerUid = readIntAttribute(in, ATTR_INSTALLER_UID, pm.getPackageUid(
                installerPackageName, PackageManager.MATCH_UNINSTALLED_PACKAGES, userId));
        final long createdMillis = readLongAttribute(in, ATTR_CREATED_MILLIS);
        long updatedMillis = readLongAttribute(in, ATTR_UPDATED_MILLIS);
        final String stageDirRaw = readStringAttribute(in, ATTR_SESSION_STAGE_DIR);
        final File stageDir = (stageDirRaw != null) ? new File(stageDirRaw) : null;
        final String stageCid = readStringAttribute(in, ATTR_SESSION_STAGE_CID);
        final boolean prepared = readBooleanAttribute(in, ATTR_PREPARED, true);
        final boolean committed = readBooleanAttribute(in, ATTR_COMMITTED);
        final boolean sealed = readBooleanAttribute(in, ATTR_SEALED);
        final int parentSessionId = readIntAttribute(in, ATTR_PARENT_SESSION_ID,
                SessionInfo.INVALID_ID);

        final SessionParams params = new SessionParams(
                SessionParams.MODE_INVALID);
        params.isMultiPackage = readBooleanAttribute(in, ATTR_MULTI_PACKAGE, false);
        params.isStaged = readBooleanAttribute(in, ATTR_STAGED_SESSION, false);
        params.mode = readIntAttribute(in, ATTR_MODE);
        params.installFlags = readIntAttribute(in, ATTR_INSTALL_FLAGS);
        params.installLocation = readIntAttribute(in, ATTR_INSTALL_LOCATION);
        params.sizeBytes = readLongAttribute(in, ATTR_SIZE_BYTES);
        params.appPackageName = readStringAttribute(in, ATTR_APP_PACKAGE_NAME);
        params.appIcon = readBitmapAttribute(in, ATTR_APP_ICON);
        params.appLabel = readStringAttribute(in, ATTR_APP_LABEL);
        params.originatingUri = readUriAttribute(in, ATTR_ORIGINATING_URI);
        params.originatingUid =
                readIntAttribute(in, ATTR_ORIGINATING_UID, SessionParams.UID_UNKNOWN);
        params.referrerUri = readUriAttribute(in, ATTR_REFERRER_URI);
        params.abiOverride = readStringAttribute(in, ATTR_ABI_OVERRIDE);
        params.volumeUuid = readStringAttribute(in, ATTR_VOLUME_UUID);
        params.installReason = readIntAttribute(in, ATTR_INSTALL_REASON);

        final File appIconFile = buildAppIconFile(sessionId, sessionsDir);
        if (appIconFile.exists()) {
            params.appIcon = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(appIconFile.getAbsolutePath());
            params.appIconLastModified = appIconFile.lastModified();
        }
        final boolean isReady = readBooleanAttribute(in, ATTR_IS_READY);
        final boolean isFailed = readBooleanAttribute(in, ATTR_IS_FAILED);
        final boolean isApplied = readBooleanAttribute(in, ATTR_IS_APPLIED);
        final int stagedSessionErrorCode = readIntAttribute(in, ATTR_STAGED_SESSION_ERROR_CODE,
                SessionInfo.STAGED_SESSION_NO_ERROR);
        final String stagedSessionErrorMessage = readStringAttribute(in,
                ATTR_STAGED_SESSION_ERROR_MESSAGE);

        if (!isStagedSessionStateValid(isReady, isApplied, isFailed)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can't restore staged session with invalid state.");
        }

        // Parse sub tags of this session, typically used for repeated values / arrays.
        // Sub tags can come in any order, therefore we need to keep track of what we find while
        // parsing and only set the right values at the end.

        // Store the current depth. We should stop parsing when we reach an end tag at the same
        // depth.
        List<String> grantedRuntimePermissions = new ArrayList<>();
        List<String> whitelistedRestrictedPermissions = new ArrayList<>();
        List<Integer> childSessionIds = new ArrayList<>();
        int outerDepth = in.getDepth();
        int type;
        while ((type = in.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT
                && (type != XmlPullParser.END_TAG || in.getDepth() > outerDepth)) {
            if (type == XmlPullParser.END_TAG || type == XmlPullParser.TEXT) {
                continue;
            }
            if (TAG_GRANTED_RUNTIME_PERMISSION.equals(in.getName())) {
                grantedRuntimePermissions.add(readStringAttribute(in, ATTR_NAME));
            }
            if (TAG_WHITELISTED_RESTRICTED_PERMISSION.equals(in.getName())) {
                whitelistedRestrictedPermissions.add(readStringAttribute(in, ATTR_NAME));

            }
            if (TAG_CHILD_SESSION.equals(in.getName())) {
                childSessionIds.add(readIntAttribute(in, ATTR_SESSION_ID, SessionInfo.INVALID_ID));
            }
        }

        if (grantedRuntimePermissions.size() > 0) {
            params.grantedRuntimePermissions = grantedRuntimePermissions
                    .stream().toArray(String[]::new);
        }

        if (whitelistedRestrictedPermissions.size() > 0) {
            params.whitelistedRestrictedPermissions = whitelistedRestrictedPermissions;
        }

        int[] childSessionIdsArray;
        if (childSessionIds.size() > 0) {
            childSessionIdsArray = childSessionIds.stream().mapToInt(i -> i).toArray();
        } else {
            childSessionIdsArray = EMPTY_CHILD_SESSION_ARRAY;
        }

        return new PackageInstallerSession(callback, context, pm, sessionProvider,
                installerThread, stagingManager, sessionId, userId, installerPackageName,
                installerUid, params, createdMillis, stageDir, stageCid, prepared, committed,
                sealed, childSessionIdsArray, parentSessionId, isReady, isFailed, isApplied,
                stagedSessionErrorCode, stagedSessionErrorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * Reads the session ID from a child session tag stored in the provided {@link XmlPullParser}
     */
    static int readChildSessionIdFromXml(@NonNull XmlPullParser in) {
        return readIntAttribute(in, ATTR_SESSION_ID, SessionInfo.INVALID_ID);
    }
}