/*
 * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.android.server.am;

import static com.android.server.am.ActivityManagerDebugConfig.TAG_AM;
import static com.android.server.am.ActivityManagerDebugConfig.TAG_WITH_CLASS_NAME;
import static com.android.server.wm.ActivityTaskManagerDebugConfig.DEBUG_METRICS;

import android.annotation.Nullable;
import android.os.FileUtils;
import android.os.SystemProperties;
import android.system.Os;
import android.system.OsConstants;
import android.util.Slog;
import android.util.SparseArray;

import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

/**
 * Static utility methods related to {@link MemoryStat}.
 */
public final class MemoryStatUtil {
    static final int BYTES_IN_KILOBYTE = 1024;
    static final long JIFFY_NANOS = 1_000_000_000 / Os.sysconf(OsConstants._SC_CLK_TCK);

    private static final String TAG = TAG_WITH_CLASS_NAME ? "MemoryStatUtil" : TAG_AM;

    /** True if device has per-app memcg */
    private static final boolean DEVICE_HAS_PER_APP_MEMCG =
            SystemProperties.getBoolean("ro.config.per_app_memcg", false);

    /** Path to memory stat file for logging app start memory state */
    private static final String MEMORY_STAT_FILE_FMT = "/dev/memcg/apps/uid_%d/pid_%d/memory.stat";
    /** Path to procfs stat file for logging app start memory state */
    private static final String PROC_STAT_FILE_FMT = "/proc/%d/stat";
    /** Path to procfs status file for logging app memory state */
    private static final String PROC_STATUS_FILE_FMT = "/proc/%d/status";
    /** Path to procfs cmdline file. Used with pid: /proc/pid/cmdline. */
    private static final String PROC_CMDLINE_FILE_FMT = "/proc/%d/cmdline";
    /** Path to debugfs file for the system ion heap. */
    private static final String DEBUG_SYSTEM_ION_HEAP_FILE = "/sys/kernel/debug/ion/heaps/system";

    private static final Pattern PGFAULT = Pattern.compile("total_pgfault (\\d+)");
    private static final Pattern PGMAJFAULT = Pattern.compile("total_pgmajfault (\\d+)");
    private static final Pattern RSS_IN_BYTES = Pattern.compile("total_rss (\\d+)");
    private static final Pattern CACHE_IN_BYTES = Pattern.compile("total_cache (\\d+)");
    private static final Pattern SWAP_IN_BYTES = Pattern.compile("total_swap (\\d+)");

    private static final Pattern RSS_HIGH_WATERMARK_IN_KILOBYTES =
            Pattern.compile("VmHWM:\\s*(\\d+)\\s*kB");
    private static final Pattern PROCFS_RSS_IN_KILOBYTES =
            Pattern.compile("VmRSS:\\s*(\\d+)\\s*kB");
    private static final Pattern PROCFS_ANON_RSS_IN_KILOBYTES =
            Pattern.compile("RssAnon:\\s*(\\d+)\\s*kB");
    private static final Pattern PROCFS_SWAP_IN_KILOBYTES =
            Pattern.compile("VmSwap:\\s*(\\d+)\\s*kB");

    private static final Pattern ION_HEAP_SIZE_IN_BYTES =
            Pattern.compile("\n\\s*total\\s*(\\d+)\\s*\n");
    private static final Pattern PROCESS_ION_HEAP_SIZE_IN_BYTES =
            Pattern.compile("\n\\s+\\S+\\s+(\\d+)\\s+(\\d+)");

    private static final int PGFAULT_INDEX = 9;
    private static final int PGMAJFAULT_INDEX = 11;
    private static final int START_TIME_INDEX = 21;

    private MemoryStatUtil() {}

    /**
     * Reads memory stat for a process.
     *
     * Reads from per-app memcg if available on device, else fallback to procfs.
     * Returns null if no stats can be read.
     */
    @Nullable
    public static MemoryStat readMemoryStatFromFilesystem(int uid, int pid) {
        return hasMemcg() ? readMemoryStatFromMemcg(uid, pid) : readMemoryStatFromProcfs(pid);
    }

    /**
     * Reads memory.stat of a process from memcg.
     *
     * Returns null if file is not found in memcg or if file has unrecognized contents.
     */
    @Nullable
    static MemoryStat readMemoryStatFromMemcg(int uid, int pid) {
        final String statPath = String.format(Locale.US, MEMORY_STAT_FILE_FMT, uid, pid);
        return parseMemoryStatFromMemcg(readFileContents(statPath));
    }

    /**
     * Reads memory stat of a process from procfs.
     *
     * Returns null if file is not found in procfs or if file has unrecognized contents.
     */
    @Nullable
    public static MemoryStat readMemoryStatFromProcfs(int pid) {
        final String statPath = String.format(Locale.US, PROC_STAT_FILE_FMT, pid);
        final String statusPath = String.format(Locale.US, PROC_STATUS_FILE_FMT, pid);
        return parseMemoryStatFromProcfs(readFileContents(statPath), readFileContents(statusPath));
    }

    /**
     * Reads RSS high-water mark of a process from procfs. Returns value of the VmHWM field in
     * /proc/PID/status in bytes or 0 if not available.
     */
    public static long readRssHighWaterMarkFromProcfs(int pid) {
        final String statusPath = String.format(Locale.US, PROC_STATUS_FILE_FMT, pid);
        return parseVmHWMFromProcfs(readFileContents(statusPath));
    }

    /**
     * Reads cmdline of a process from procfs.
     *
     * Returns content of /proc/pid/cmdline (e.g. /system/bin/statsd) or an empty string
     * if the file is not available.
     */
    public static String readCmdlineFromProcfs(int pid) {
        final String path = String.format(Locale.US, PROC_CMDLINE_FILE_FMT, pid);
        return parseCmdlineFromProcfs(readFileContents(path));
    }

    /**
     * Reads size of the system ion heap from debugfs.
     *
     * Returns value of the total size in bytes of the system ion heap from
     * /sys/kernel/debug/ion/heaps/system.
     */
    public static long readSystemIonHeapSizeFromDebugfs() {
        return parseIonHeapSizeFromDebugfs(readFileContents(DEBUG_SYSTEM_ION_HEAP_FILE));
    }

    /**
     * Reads process allocation sizes on the system ion heap from debugfs.
     *
     * Returns values of allocation sizes in bytes on the system ion heap from
     * /sys/kernel/debug/ion/heaps/system.
     */
    public static List<IonAllocations> readProcessSystemIonHeapSizesFromDebugfs() {
        return parseProcessIonHeapSizesFromDebugfs(readFileContents(DEBUG_SYSTEM_ION_HEAP_FILE));
    }

    private static String readFileContents(String path) {
        final File file = new File(path);
        if (!file.exists()) {
            if (DEBUG_METRICS) Slog.i(TAG, path + " not found");
            return null;
        }

        try {
            return FileUtils.readTextFile(file, 0 /* max */, null /* ellipsis */);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to read file:", e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Parses relevant statistics out from the contents of a memory.stat file in memcg.
     */
    @VisibleForTesting
    @Nullable
    static MemoryStat parseMemoryStatFromMemcg(String memoryStatContents) {
        if (memoryStatContents == null || memoryStatContents.isEmpty()) {
            return null;
        }

        final MemoryStat memoryStat = new MemoryStat();
        memoryStat.pgfault = tryParseLong(PGFAULT, memoryStatContents);
        memoryStat.pgmajfault = tryParseLong(PGMAJFAULT, memoryStatContents);
        memoryStat.rssInBytes = tryParseLong(RSS_IN_BYTES, memoryStatContents);
        memoryStat.cacheInBytes = tryParseLong(CACHE_IN_BYTES, memoryStatContents);
        memoryStat.swapInBytes = tryParseLong(SWAP_IN_BYTES, memoryStatContents);
        return memoryStat;
    }

    /**
     * Parses relevant statistics out from the contents of the /proc/pid/stat file in procfs.
     */
    @VisibleForTesting
    @Nullable
    static MemoryStat parseMemoryStatFromProcfs(
            String procStatContents, String procStatusContents) {
        if (procStatContents == null || procStatContents.isEmpty()) {
            return null;
        }
        if (procStatusContents == null || procStatusContents.isEmpty()) {
            return null;
        }

        final String[] splits = procStatContents.split(" ");
        if (splits.length < 24) {
            return null;
        }

        try {
            final MemoryStat memoryStat = new MemoryStat();
            memoryStat.pgfault = Long.parseLong(splits[PGFAULT_INDEX]);
            memoryStat.pgmajfault = Long.parseLong(splits[PGMAJFAULT_INDEX]);
            memoryStat.rssInBytes =
                tryParseLong(PROCFS_RSS_IN_KILOBYTES, procStatusContents) * BYTES_IN_KILOBYTE;
            memoryStat.anonRssInBytes =
                tryParseLong(PROCFS_ANON_RSS_IN_KILOBYTES, procStatusContents) * BYTES_IN_KILOBYTE;
            memoryStat.swapInBytes =
                tryParseLong(PROCFS_SWAP_IN_KILOBYTES, procStatusContents) * BYTES_IN_KILOBYTE;
            memoryStat.startTimeNanos = Long.parseLong(splits[START_TIME_INDEX]) * JIFFY_NANOS;
            return memoryStat;
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to parse value", e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Parses RSS high watermark out from the contents of the /proc/pid/status file in procfs. The
     * returned value is in bytes.
     */
    @VisibleForTesting
    static long parseVmHWMFromProcfs(String procStatusContents) {
        if (procStatusContents == null || procStatusContents.isEmpty()) {
            return 0;
        }
        // Convert value read from /proc/pid/status from kilobytes to bytes.
        return tryParseLong(RSS_HIGH_WATERMARK_IN_KILOBYTES, procStatusContents)
                * BYTES_IN_KILOBYTE;
    }


    /**
     * Parses cmdline out of the contents of the /proc/pid/cmdline file in procfs.
     *
     * Parsing is required to strip anything after first null byte.
     */
    @VisibleForTesting
    static String parseCmdlineFromProcfs(String cmdline) {
        if (cmdline == null) {
            return "";
        }
        int firstNullByte = cmdline.indexOf("\0");
        if (firstNullByte == -1) {
            return cmdline;
        }
        return cmdline.substring(0, firstNullByte);
    }

    /**
     * Parses the ion heap size from the contents of a file under /sys/kernel/debug/ion/heaps in
     * debugfs. The returned value is in bytes.
     */
    @VisibleForTesting
    static long parseIonHeapSizeFromDebugfs(String contents) {
        if (contents == null || contents.isEmpty()) {
            return 0;
        }
        return tryParseLong(ION_HEAP_SIZE_IN_BYTES, contents);
    }

    /**
     * Parses per-process allocation sizes on the ion heap from the contents of a file under
     * /sys/kernel/debug/ion/heaps in debugfs.
     */
    @VisibleForTesting
    static List<IonAllocations> parseProcessIonHeapSizesFromDebugfs(String contents) {
        if (contents == null || contents.isEmpty()) {
            return Collections.emptyList();
        }

        final Matcher m = PROCESS_ION_HEAP_SIZE_IN_BYTES.matcher(contents);
        final SparseArray<IonAllocations> entries = new SparseArray<>();
        while (m.find()) {
            try {
                final int pid = Integer.parseInt(m.group(1));
                final long sizeInBytes = Long.parseLong(m.group(2));
                IonAllocations allocations = entries.get(pid);
                if (allocations == null) {
                    allocations = new IonAllocations();
                    entries.put(pid, allocations);
                }
                allocations.pid = pid;
                allocations.totalSizeInBytes += sizeInBytes;
                allocations.count += 1;
                allocations.maxSizeInBytes = Math.max(allocations.maxSizeInBytes, sizeInBytes);
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to parse value", e);
            }
        }

        final List<IonAllocations> result = new ArrayList<>(entries.size());
        for (int i = 0; i < entries.size(); i++) {
            result.add(entries.valueAt(i));
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Returns whether per-app memcg is available on device.
     */
    static boolean hasMemcg() {
        return DEVICE_HAS_PER_APP_MEMCG;
    }

    /**
     * Parses a long from the input using the pattern. Returns 0 if the captured value is not
     * parsable. The pattern must have a single capturing group.
     */
    private static long tryParseLong(Pattern pattern, String input) {
        final Matcher m = pattern.matcher(input);
        try {
            return m.find() ? Long.parseLong(m.group(1)) : 0;
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to parse value", e);
            return 0;
        }
    }

    public static final class MemoryStat {
        /** Number of page faults */
        public long pgfault;
        /** Number of major page faults */
        public long pgmajfault;
        /** For memcg stats, the anon rss + swap cache size. Otherwise total RSS. */
        public long rssInBytes;
        /** Number of bytes of the anonymous RSS. Only present for non-memcg stats. */
        public long anonRssInBytes;
        /** Number of bytes of page cache memory. Only present for memcg stats. */
        public long cacheInBytes;
        /** Number of bytes of swap usage */
        public long swapInBytes;
        /** Device time when the processes started. */
        public long startTimeNanos;
    }

    /** Summary information about process ion allocations. */
    public static final class IonAllocations {
        /** PID these allocations belong to. */
        public int pid;
        /** Size of all individual allocations added together. */
        public long totalSizeInBytes;
        /** Number of allocations. */
        public int count;
        /** Size of the largest allocation. */
        public long maxSizeInBytes;

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object o) {
            if (this == o) return true;
            if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
            IonAllocations that = (IonAllocations) o;
            return pid == that.pid && totalSizeInBytes == that.totalSizeInBytes
                    && count == that.count && maxSizeInBytes == that.maxSizeInBytes;
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return Objects.hash(pid, totalSizeInBytes, count, maxSizeInBytes);
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "IonAllocations{"
                    + "pid=" + pid
                    + ", totalSizeInBytes=" + totalSizeInBytes
                    + ", count=" + count
                    + ", maxSizeInBytes=" + maxSizeInBytes
                    + '}';
        }
    }
}