Camera Extensions: Add Advanced Extender API

- add the api which exposes the extension implementation to set the
  Camera Characteristics key and it's respective value
- add reference implementation which ensures AF modes and zoom ratio
  range are supported
- add logic for presence of a valid stream configuration map

Bug: 280649914
Test: Build successful and atest CameraExtensionCharacteristicsTest,
CameraExtensionSessionTest

Change-Id: I9a5642ca8e6ed1fa69dc7deb5c730360c1dbabf0