[res] Validate package ID range in LoadedArsc

The package ID in a RES_TABLE_PACKAGE_TYPE chunk is 32-bit,
but resource IDs only allocate 8 bits for the package ID.
If a malformed ARSC file has a package ID greater than 255, it
could lead to unexpected behavior or overflow when being parsed.

This change adds a range check to ensure the package ID is within the
valid range during loading.

Test: atest libandroidfw_tests
Bug: 484973621
Flag: EXEMPT CVE_FIX
Cherrypick-From: https://googleplex-android-review.googlesource.com/q/commit:1a2ac7001bbbfbc1906429d4d404b1ab651cdc7e
Merged-In: I438cd0e7f64e2b0ef4cc2bcb4f1f81778216e5e8
Change-Id: I438cd0e7f64e2b0ef4cc2bcb4f1f81778216e5e8