<ul id="nav">


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    <div class="nav-section-header">
      <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/index.html">
        Getting Started
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      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/firstapp/index.html"
             description=
             "After you've installed the Android SDK, start with this class
             to learn the basics about Android app development."
            >Building Your First App</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/firstapp/creating-project.html">
            Creating an Android Project
          </a>
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          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/firstapp/running-app.html">
            Running Your Application
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          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/firstapp/building-ui.html">
            Building a Simple User Interface
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          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/firstapp/starting-activity.html">
            Starting Another Activity
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      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/activity-lifecycle/index.html"
             description=
             "How Android activities live and die and how to create
             a seamless user experience by implementing lifecycle callback methods."
            >Managing the Activity Lifecycle</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/activity-lifecycle/starting.html">
            Starting an Activity
          </a>
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          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/activity-lifecycle/pausing.html">
            Pausing and Resuming an Activity
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          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/activity-lifecycle/stopping.html">
            Stopping and Restarting an Activity
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          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/activity-lifecycle/recreating.html">
            Recreating an Activity
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        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/supporting-devices/index.html"
             description=
             "How to build your app with alternative resources that provide an
             optimized user experience on multiple device form factors using a single APK."
            >Supporting Different Devices</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/supporting-devices/languages.html">
            Supporting Different Languages
          </a>
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          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/supporting-devices/screens.html">
            Supporting Different Screens
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          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/supporting-devices/platforms.html">
            Supporting Different Platform Versions
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      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/fragments/index.html"
             description=
             "How to build a user interface for your app that is flexible enough
             to present multiple UI components on large screens and a more constrained set of
             UI components on smaller screens&mdash;essential for building a single APK for both
             phones and tablets."
            >Building a Dynamic UI with Fragments</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/fragments/support-lib.html">
            Using the Support Library
          </a>
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          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/fragments/creating.html">
            Creating a Fragment
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/fragments/fragment-ui.html">
            Building a Flexible UI
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/fragments/communicating.html">
            Communicating with Other Fragments
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          </li>
        </ul>
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      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header"><a href="<?cs var:toroot?>training/basics/data-storage/index.html"
             description=
             "How to save data on the device, whether it's temporary files, downloaded
             app assets, user media, structured data, or something else."
            >Saving Data</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/data-storage/shared-preferences.html">
            Saving Key-Value Sets
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/data-storage/files.html">
            Saving Files
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/data-storage/databases.html">
            Saving Data in SQL Databases
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          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>

      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/intents/index.html"
             description=
             "How to build a user experience that leverages other apps available
             on the device to perform advanced user tasks, such as capture a photo or view
             an address on a map."
            >Interacting with Other Apps</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/intents/sending.html">
            Sending the User to Another App
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/intents/result.html">
            Getting a Result from the Activity
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/intents/filters.html">
            Allowing Other Apps to Start Your Activity
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>

      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/sharing/index.html"
             description=
             "How to take your app interaction to the next level by sharing
             information with other apps, receive information back, and provide a simple and
             scalable way to perform Share actions with user content."
            >Sharing Content</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/sharing/send.html">
            Sending Content to Other Apps
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/sharing/receive.html">
            Receiving Content from Other Apps
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/sharing/shareaction.html">
            Adding an Easy Share Action
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>
    </ul>
  </li><!-- end getting started -->
  

  <li class="nav-section">
    <div class="nav-section-header">
      <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/building-multimedia.html">
      <span class="small">Building Apps with</span><br/>Multimedia
      </a>
    </div>
    <ul>
      
      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/managing-audio/index.html"
             description=
             "How to respond to hardware audio key presses, request audio focus
             when playing audio, and respond appropriately to changes in audio focus."
            >Managing Audio Playback</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/managing-audio/volume-playback.html">
            Controlling Your App's Volume and Playback
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/managing-audio/audio-focus.html">
            Managing Audio Focus
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/managing-audio/audio-output.html">
            Dealing with Audio Output Hardware
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
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      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/camera/index.html"
             description=
             "How to leverage existing camera apps on the user's device to capture
             photos or control the camera hardware directly and build your own camera app."
            >Capturing Photos</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/camera/photobasics.html">
            Taking Photos Simply
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/camera/videobasics.html">
            Recording Videos Simply
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/camera/cameradirect.html">
            Controlling the Camera
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <!-- End multimedia -->
      
      
  <li class="nav-section">
    <div class="nav-section-header">
      <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/building-graphics.html">
      <span class="small">Building Apps with</span><br/>Graphics &amp; Animation
      </a>
    </div>
    <ul>
      
      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/displaying-bitmaps/index.html"
             description=
             "How to load and process bitmaps while keeping your user interface
             responsive and avoid exceeding memory limits."
            >Displaying Bitmaps Efficiently</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/displaying-bitmaps/load-bitmap.html">
            Loading Large Bitmaps Efficiently
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/displaying-bitmaps/process-bitmap.html">
            Processing Bitmaps Off the UI Thread
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/displaying-bitmaps/cache-bitmap.html">
            Caching Bitmaps
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/displaying-bitmaps/display-bitmap.html">
            Displaying Bitmaps in Your UI
          </a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>

      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot?>training/graphics/opengl/index.html"
             description=
             "How to create OpenGL graphics within the Android app framework
             and respond to touch input."
            >Displaying Graphics with OpenGL ES</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/graphics/opengl/environment.html">
            Building an OpenGL ES Environment
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/graphics/opengl/shapes.html">
            Defining Shapes
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/graphics/opengl/draw.html">
            Drawing Shapes
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/graphics/opengl/projection.html">
            Applying Projection and Camera Views
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/graphics/opengl/motion.html">
            Adding Motion
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/graphics/opengl/touch.html">
            Responding to Touch Events
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header"><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/animation/index.html"
             description=
             "How to add transitional animations to your user interface.">
            Adding Animations
          </a></div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/animation/crossfade.html">
            Crossfading Two Views
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/animation/screen-slide.html">
            Using ViewPager for Screen Slide
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/animation/cardflip.html">
            Displaying Card Flip Animations
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/animation/zoom.html">
            Zooming a View
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/animation/layout.html">
            Animating Layout Changes
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <!-- End graphics and animation -->
      

  <li class="nav-section">
    <div class="nav-section-header">
      <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/building-connectivity.html">
      <span class="small">Building Apps with</span><br/>
              Connectivity &amp; the Cloud
      </a>
    </div>
    <ul>


      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/connect-devices-wirelessly/index.html"
             description=
             "How to find and connect to local devices using Network Service
             Discovery and Wi-Fi Direct in order to create peer-to-peer connections."
             >Connecting Devices Wirelessly</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/connect-devices-wirelessly/nsd.html">
            Using Network Service Discovery
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/connect-devices-wirelessly/wifi-direct.html">
            Connecting with Wi-Fi Direct
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/connect-devices-wirelessly/nsd-wifi-direct.html">
            Using Wi-Fi Direct for Service Discovery
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      
       <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/network-ops/index.html"
             description=
             "How to create a network connection, monitor the connection for changes
             in connectivity, and perform transactions with XML data."
            >Performing Network Operations</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/network-ops/connecting.html">
            Connecting to the Network
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/network-ops/managing.html">
            Managing Network Usage
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/network-ops/xml.html">
            Parsing XML Data
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/efficient-downloads/index.html"
             description=
             "How to minimize your app's impact on the battery when performing downloads
             and other network transactions."
            >Transferring Data Without Draining the Battery</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/efficient-downloads/efficient-network-access.html">
            Optimizing Downloads for Efficient Network Access
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/efficient-downloads/regular_updates.html">
            Minimizing the Effect of Regular Updates
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/efficient-downloads/redundant_redundant.html">
            Redundant Downloads are Redundant
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/efficient-downloads/connectivity_patterns.html">
            Modifying Patterns Based on the Connectivity Type
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>

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        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/cloudsync/index.html"
             description=
             "How to sync and back up app and user data to remote web services in the
              cloud and how to restore the data back to multiple devices."
            >Syncing to the Cloud</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/cloudsync/backupapi.html">
            Using the Backup API
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/cloudsync/gcm.html">
            Making the Most of Google Cloud Messaging
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <!-- End connectivity and cloud -->
  
  
  <li class="nav-section">
    <div class="nav-section-header">
      <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/building-userinfo.html">
      <span class="small">Building Apps with</span><br/>
              User Info &amp; Location
      </a>
    </div>
    <ul>
    
      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/id-auth/index.html"
             description=
             "How to remember the user by account, authenticate the user, acquire user permission
             for the user's online data, and create custom accounts on the device."
            >Remembering Users</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/id-auth/identify.html">
            Remembering Your User
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/id-auth/authenticate.html">
            Authenticating to OAuth2 Services
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/id-auth/custom_auth.html">
            Creating a Custom Account Type
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>

      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/location/index.html"
             description=
             "How to add location-aware features to your app by aqcuiring the user's current
             location."
            >Making Your App Location Aware</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/location/locationmanager.html">
            Using the Location Manager
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/location/currentlocation.html">
            Obtaining the Current Location
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/basics/location/geocoding.html">
            Displaying a Location Address
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <!-- End privacy and location -->
      
      
  <li class="nav-section">
    <div class="nav-section-header">
      <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/best-ux.html">
      <span class="small">Best Practices for</span><br/>
              User Experience &amp; UI
      </a>
    </div>
    <ul>

      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/design-navigation/index.html"
             description=
             "How to plan your app's screen hierarchy and forms of navigation so users can
             effectively and intuitively traverse your app content using various navigation
             patterns."
            >Designing Effective Navigation</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/design-navigation/screen-planning.html">
            Planning Screens and Their Relationships
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/design-navigation/multiple-sizes.html">
            Planning for Multiple Touchscreen Sizes
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/design-navigation/descendant-lateral.html">
            Providing Descendant and Lateral Navigation
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/design-navigation/ancestral-temporal.html">
            Providing Ancestral and Temporal Navigation
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/design-navigation/wireframing.html">
            Putting it All Together: Wireframing the Example App
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>

      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/implementing-navigation/index.html"
             description=
             "How to implement various navigation patterns such as swipe views and up navigation."
            >Implementing Effective Navigation</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/implementing-navigation/lateral.html">
            Implementing Lateral Navigation
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/implementing-navigation/ancestral.html">
            Implementing Ancestral Navigation
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/implementing-navigation/temporal.html">
            Implementing Temporal Navigation
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/implementing-navigation/descendant.html">
            Implementing Descendant Navigation
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>

      <li class="nav-section">
          <div class="nav-section-header">
              <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/notify-user/index.html"
                 description=
                 "How to display messages called notifications outside of
                 your application's UI."
               >Notifying the User</a>
          </div>
          <ul>
              <li>
                  <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/notify-user/build-notification.html">
                  Building a Notification
                  </a>
              </li>
              <li>
                  <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/notify-user/navigation.html">
                  Preserving Navigation when Starting an Activity
                  </a>
              </li>
              <li>
                  <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/notify-user/managing.html">
                  Updating Notifications
                  </a>
              </li>
              <li>
                  <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/notify-user/expanded.html">
                  Using Big View Styles
                  </a>
              </li>
              <li>
                  <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/notify-user/display-progress.html">
                  Displaying Progress in a Notification
                  </a>
              </li>
          </ul>
      </li>

      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/search/index.html"
             description=
             "How to properly add a search interface to your app and create a searchable database."
            >Adding Search Functionality</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/search/setup.html">
            Setting up the Search Interface
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/search/search.html">
            Storing and Searching for Data
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/search/backward-compat.html">
            Remaining Backward Compatible
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      
      
      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="/training/multiscreen/index.html"
             zh-CN-lang="针对多种屏幕进行设计"
             ja-lang="複数画面のデザイン"
             es-lang="Cómo diseñar aplicaciones para varias pantallas"
             description=
             "How to build a user interface that's flexible enough to
             fit perfectly on any screen and how to create different interaction
             patterns that are optimized for different screen sizes."
            >Designing for Multiple Screens</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="/training/multiscreen/screensizes.html"
            zh-CN-lang="支持各种屏幕尺寸"
            ko-lang="다양한 화면 크기 지원"
            ja-lang="さまざまな画面サイズのサポート"
            es-lang="Cómo admitir varios tamaños de pantalla"
            >Supporting Different Screen Sizes</a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="/training/multiscreen/screendensities.html"
            zh-CN-lang="支持各种屏幕密度"
            ja-lang="さまざまな画面密度のサポート"
            es-lang="Cómo admitir varias densidades de pantalla"
            >Supporting Different Screen Densities</a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="/training/multiscreen/adaptui.html"
            zh-CN-lang="实施自适应用户界面流程"
            ja-lang="順応性のある UI フローの実装"
            es-lang="Cómo implementar interfaces de usuario adaptables"
            >Implementing Adaptive UI Flows</a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>

      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header"><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/tv/index.html"
             description=
             "How to optimize your app's user interface and user input for
             the &quot;ten foot experience&quot; of a TV screen."
            >Designing for TV</a>
        </div>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/tv/optimizing-layouts-tv.html">
            Optimizing Layouts for TV
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/tv/optimizing-navigation-tv.html">
            Optimizing Navigation for TV
          </a>
          </li>
          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/tv/unsupported-features-tv.html">
            Handling Features Not Supported on TV
          </a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      
      <li class="nav-section">
        <div class="nav-section-header">
          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/custom-views/index.html"
             description=
             "How to build custom UI widgets that are interactive and smooth."
            >Creating Custom Views</a>
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            Creating a Custom View Class
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            Implementing Custom Drawing
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            Making the View Interactive
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            Optimizing the View
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            Abstracting the New APIs
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            Proxying to the New APIs
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            Creating an Implementation with Older APIs
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            Using the Version-Aware Component
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      <li class="nav-section">
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          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/accessibility/index.html"
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            Developing Accessible Applications
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            Developing Accessibility Services
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      <li>
        <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/articles/perf-tips.html"
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      <li class="nav-section">
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          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/improving-layouts/index.html"
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            Optimizing Layout Hierarchies
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            Re-using Layouts with &lt;include/&gt;
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            Loading Views On Demand
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            Making ListView Scrolling Smooth
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            Creating a Background Service
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            Reporting Work Status
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            zh-CN-lang="确定和监控网络连接状态"
            ja-lang="接続状態の特定と監視"
            es-lang="Cómo determinar y controlar el estado de la conectividad"
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            zh-CN-lang="根据需要操作广播接收器"
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      <li>
        <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/articles/perf-anr.html"
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      <li>
        <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/articles/perf-jni.html"
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      <li>
        <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/articles/security-tips.html"
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      <li class="nav-section">
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          <a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/enterprise/index.html"
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          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/enterprise/device-management-policy.html">
            Enhancing Security with Device Management Policies
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      <li class="nav-section">
      <div class="nav-section-header"><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/in-app-billing/index.html"
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            Selling In-app Products
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          <li><a href="<?cs var:toroot ?>training/in-app-billing/preparing-iab-app.html">
            <span class="en">Preparing Your App</span>
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            <span class="en">Establishing Products for Sale</span>
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            <span class="en">Purchasing Products</span>
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            <span class="en">Testing Your App</span>
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      <li class="nav-section">
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            Creating Multiple APKs for Different API Levels
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            Creating Multiple APKs for Different Screen Sizes
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            Creating Multiple APKs for Different GL Textures
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            Creating Multiple APKs with 2+ Dimensions
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            Advertising without Compromising User Experience
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