diff --git a/core/java/android/app/ActivityView.java b/core/java/android/app/ActivityView.java
index 98a23f2..3cb6293 100644
--- a/core/java/android/app/ActivityView.java
+++ b/core/java/android/app/ActivityView.java
@@ -105,7 +105,8 @@
     public ActivityView(
             @NonNull Context context, @NonNull AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle,
             boolean singleTaskInstance, boolean usePublicVirtualDisplay) {
-        this(context, attrs, defStyle, singleTaskInstance, usePublicVirtualDisplay, false);
+        this(context, attrs, defStyle, singleTaskInstance, usePublicVirtualDisplay,
+                false /* disableSurfaceViewBackgroundLayer */);
     }
 
     /** @hide */
@@ -113,12 +114,22 @@
             @NonNull Context context, @NonNull AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle,
             boolean singleTaskInstance, boolean usePublicVirtualDisplay,
             boolean disableSurfaceViewBackgroundLayer) {
+        this(context, attrs, defStyle, singleTaskInstance, usePublicVirtualDisplay,
+                disableSurfaceViewBackgroundLayer, false /* useTrustedDisplay */);
+    }
+
+    // TODO(b/162901735): Refactor ActivityView with Builder
+    /** @hide */
+    public ActivityView(
+            @NonNull Context context, @NonNull AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle,
+            boolean singleTaskInstance, boolean usePublicVirtualDisplay,
+            boolean disableSurfaceViewBackgroundLayer, boolean useTrustedDisplay) {
         super(context, attrs, defStyle);
         if (useTaskOrganizer()) {
             mTaskEmbedder = new TaskOrganizerTaskEmbedder(context, this);
         } else {
             mTaskEmbedder = new VirtualDisplayTaskEmbedder(context, this, singleTaskInstance,
-                    usePublicVirtualDisplay);
+                    usePublicVirtualDisplay, useTrustedDisplay);
         }
         mSurfaceView = new SurfaceView(context, null, 0, 0, disableSurfaceViewBackgroundLayer);
         // Since ActivityView#getAlpha has been overridden, we should use parent class's alpha
diff --git a/core/java/android/window/VirtualDisplayTaskEmbedder.java b/core/java/android/window/VirtualDisplayTaskEmbedder.java
index 9ccb4c1..9013da3 100644
--- a/core/java/android/window/VirtualDisplayTaskEmbedder.java
+++ b/core/java/android/window/VirtualDisplayTaskEmbedder.java
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import static android.hardware.display.DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_DESTROY_CONTENT_ON_REMOVAL;
 import static android.hardware.display.DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_OWN_CONTENT_ONLY;
 import static android.hardware.display.DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_PUBLIC;
+import static android.hardware.display.DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_TRUSTED;
 import static android.view.Display.INVALID_DISPLAY;
 
 import android.app.ActivityManager;
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@
     private int mDisplayDensityDpi;
     private final boolean mSingleTaskInstance;
     private final boolean mUsePublicVirtualDisplay;
+    private final boolean mUseTrustedDisplay;
     private VirtualDisplay mVirtualDisplay;
     private Insets mForwardedInsets;
     private DisplayMetrics mTmpDisplayMetrics;
@@ -77,10 +79,12 @@
      *                           only applicable if virtual displays are used
      */
     public VirtualDisplayTaskEmbedder(Context context, VirtualDisplayTaskEmbedder.Host host,
-            boolean singleTaskInstance, boolean usePublicVirtualDisplay) {
+            boolean singleTaskInstance, boolean usePublicVirtualDisplay,
+            boolean useTrustedDisplay) {
         super(context, host);
         mSingleTaskInstance = singleTaskInstance;
         mUsePublicVirtualDisplay = usePublicVirtualDisplay;
+        mUseTrustedDisplay = useTrustedDisplay;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -103,6 +107,9 @@
         if (mUsePublicVirtualDisplay) {
             virtualDisplayFlags |= VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_PUBLIC;
         }
+        if (mUseTrustedDisplay) {
+            virtualDisplayFlags |= VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_TRUSTED;
+        }
 
         mVirtualDisplay = displayManager.createVirtualDisplay(
                 DISPLAY_NAME + "@" + System.identityHashCode(this), mHost.getWidth(),
diff --git a/core/tests/coretests/AndroidManifest.xml b/core/tests/coretests/AndroidManifest.xml
index 5c2841a..7597e87 100644
--- a/core/tests/coretests/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/core/tests/coretests/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -129,6 +129,7 @@
     <!-- virtual display test permissions -->
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAPTURE_VIDEO_OUTPUT" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAPTURE_SECURE_VIDEO_OUTPUT" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ADD_TRUSTED_DISPLAY" />
 
     <!-- color extraction test permissions -->
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_FRAME_BUFFER" />
diff --git a/core/tests/coretests/src/android/hardware/display/VirtualDisplayTest.java b/core/tests/coretests/src/android/hardware/display/VirtualDisplayTest.java
index daf6139..0f6284d 100644
--- a/core/tests/coretests/src/android/hardware/display/VirtualDisplayTest.java
+++ b/core/tests/coretests/src/android/hardware/display/VirtualDisplayTest.java
@@ -247,6 +247,25 @@
         assertDisplayUnregistered(display);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Ensures that an application can create a trusted virtual display with the permission
+     * {@code ADD_TRUSTED_DISPLAY}.
+     */
+    public void testTrustedVirtualDisplay() throws Exception {
+        VirtualDisplay virtualDisplay = mDisplayManager.createVirtualDisplay(NAME,
+                WIDTH, HEIGHT, DENSITY, mSurface,
+                DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_TRUSTED);
+        assertNotNull("virtual display must not be null", virtualDisplay);
+
+        Display display = virtualDisplay.getDisplay();
+        try {
+            assertDisplayRegistered(display, Display.FLAG_PRIVATE | Display.FLAG_TRUSTED);
+        } finally {
+            virtualDisplay.release();
+        }
+        assertDisplayUnregistered(display);
+    }
+
     private void assertDisplayRegistered(Display display, int flags) {
         assertNotNull("display object must not be null", display);
         assertTrue("display must be valid", display.isValid());
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/bubbles/BubbleExpandedView.java b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/bubbles/BubbleExpandedView.java
index 1e556a3..58d5776 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/bubbles/BubbleExpandedView.java
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/bubbles/BubbleExpandedView.java
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@
 
         mActivityView = new ActivityView(mContext, null /* attrs */, 0 /* defStyle */,
                 true /* singleTaskInstance */, false /* usePublicVirtualDisplay*/,
-                true /* disableSurfaceViewBackgroundLayer */);
+                true /* disableSurfaceViewBackgroundLayer */, true /* useTrustedDisplay */);
 
         // Set ActivityView's alpha value as zero, since there is no view content to be shown.
         setContentVisibility(false);
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/display/DisplayManagerService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/display/DisplayManagerService.java
index 24661d6..8528686 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/display/DisplayManagerService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/display/DisplayManagerService.java
@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@
 import android.os.UserManager;
 import android.provider.Settings;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.EventLog;
 import android.util.IntArray;
 import android.util.Pair;
 import android.util.Slog;
@@ -2191,10 +2192,16 @@
                 }
             }
 
-            if (callingUid == Process.SYSTEM_UID
-                    || checkCallingPermission(ADD_TRUSTED_DISPLAY, "createVirtualDisplay()")) {
-                flags |= VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_TRUSTED;
-            } else {
+            if (callingUid != Process.SYSTEM_UID && (flags & VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_TRUSTED) != 0) {
+                if (!checkCallingPermission(ADD_TRUSTED_DISPLAY, "createVirtualDisplay()")) {
+                    EventLog.writeEvent(0x534e4554, "162627132", callingUid,
+                            "Attempt to create a trusted display without holding permission!");
+                    throw new SecurityException("Requires ADD_TRUSTED_DISPLAY permission to "
+                            + "create a trusted virtual display.");
+                }
+            }
+
+            if ((flags & VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_TRUSTED) == 0) {
                 flags &= ~VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_SHOULD_SHOW_SYSTEM_DECORATIONS;
             }