[bazel] Make custom karma_test rule

Run the tests in headless mode and output the logs
bazel test :hello_world --test_output=all

Start up a visible web browser with the karma test driver
(need to go to Debug tab to actually run tests)
bazel run :hello_world

Suggested review order
 - package.json to see the karma dependencies to run
   jasmine tests on chrome and firefox.
 - WORKSPACE.bazel to see how the packages listed in
   package.json and package-lock.json are downloaded
   into the Bazel sandbox/cache via the npm_install rule.
   As mentioned in the package.json comment, the version
   of build_bazel_rules_nodejs which emscripten uses [1]
   is 4.4.1 and if we tried to install it ourselves, that
   installation will be ignored. We also bring in hermetic
   browsers via io_bazel_rules_webtesting.
 - bazel/karma_test.bzl which defines a new rule _karma_test
   and a macro karma_test which joins the new rule with
   an existing web_test rule to run it on a hermetic browser
   which Bazel downloads. This rule takes heavy inspiration
   from @bazel/concatjs [2], but is much simpler and lets us
   configure more things (e.g. proxies, so we can work with
   test_on_env).
 - karma.bazel.js, which is a pretty ordinary looking karma
   configuration file [2] with effectively a JS macro
   BAZEL_APPLY_SETTINGS. JS doesn't have a preprocessor or
   actual macros, but this string will be replaced by the
   JS code in karma_test.bzl which will set correct filepaths
   for Bazel content.
 - All other files.

[1] https://github.com/emscripten-core/emsdk/blob/c33c7be17f047355aa13a59f62a05100f9ff3257/bazel/deps.bzl#L10
[2] https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_nodejs/blob/700b7a3c5f97f2877320e6e699892ee706f85269/packages/concatjs/web_test/karma_web_test.bzl#L318
[3] http://karma-runner.github.io/6.3/config/configuration-file.html
Change-Id: Id64c0a86d6be37d627762cef0beaaf23ad390ac1
Reviewed-on: https://skia-review.googlesource.com/c/skia/+/509717
Reviewed-by: Leandro Lovisolo <lovisolo@google.com>
8 files changed