[3.11] gh-96587: Raise `SyntaxError` for PEP654 on older `feature_version` (GH-96588) (#96591)

(cherry picked from commit 2c7d2e8d46164efb6e27a64081d8e949f6876515)

Co-authored-by: Nikita Sobolev <mail@sobolevn.me>
4 files changed