/*
 * Copyright 2017, OpenCensus Authors
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package io.opencensus.contrib.agent;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState;
import static net.bytebuddy.matcher.ElementMatchers.none;

import io.opencensus.contrib.agent.bootstrap.ContextStrategy;
import io.opencensus.contrib.agent.bootstrap.ContextTrampoline;
import io.opencensus.contrib.agent.instrumentation.Instrumenter;
import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation;
import java.util.ServiceLoader;
import java.util.jar.JarFile;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import net.bytebuddy.agent.builder.AgentBuilder;

/**
 * The <b>OpenCensus Agent for Java</b> collects and sends latency data about your Java process to
 * OpenCensus backends such as Stackdriver Trace for analysis and visualization.
 *
 * <p>To enable the *OpenCensus Agent for Java* for your application, add the option {@code
 * -javaagent:path/to/opencensus-contrib-agent.jar} to the invocation of the {@code java} executable
 * as shown in the following example:
 *
 * <pre>
 * java -javaagent:path/to/opencensus-contrib-agent.jar ...
 * </pre>
 *
 * @see <a
 *     href="https://github.com/census-instrumentation/instrumentation-java/tree/master/agent">https://github.com/census-instrumentation/instrumentation-java/tree/master/agent</a>
 * @since 0.6
 */
public final class AgentMain {

  private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(AgentMain.class.getName());

  private AgentMain() {}

  /**
   * Initializes the OpenCensus Agent for Java.
   *
   * @param agentArgs agent options, passed as a single string by the JVM
   * @param instrumentation the {@link Instrumentation} object provided by the JVM for instrumenting
   *     Java programming language code
   * @throws Exception if initialization of the agent fails
   * @see java.lang.instrument
   * @since 0.6
   */
  public static void premain(String agentArgs, Instrumentation instrumentation) throws Exception {
    checkNotNull(instrumentation, "instrumentation");

    logger.fine("Initializing.");

    // The classes in bootstrap.jar, such as ContextManger and ContextStrategy, will be referenced
    // from classes loaded by the bootstrap classloader. Thus, these classes have to be loaded by
    // the bootstrap classloader, too.
    instrumentation.appendToBootstrapClassLoaderSearch(
        new JarFile(Resources.getResourceAsTempFile("bootstrap.jar")));

    checkLoadedByBootstrapClassloader(ContextTrampoline.class);
    checkLoadedByBootstrapClassloader(ContextStrategy.class);

    Settings settings = Settings.load();
    AgentBuilder agentBuilder =
        new AgentBuilder.Default()
            .disableClassFormatChanges()
            .with(AgentBuilder.RedefinitionStrategy.RETRANSFORMATION)
            .with(new AgentBuilderListener())
            .ignore(none());
    for (Instrumenter instrumenter : ServiceLoader.load(Instrumenter.class)) {
      agentBuilder = instrumenter.instrument(agentBuilder, settings);
    }
    agentBuilder.installOn(instrumentation);

    logger.fine("Initialized.");
  }

  private static void checkLoadedByBootstrapClassloader(Class<?> clazz) {
    checkState(
        clazz.getClassLoader() == null, "%s must be loaded by the bootstrap classloader", clazz);
  }
}