src/share/jaxws_classes/com/sun/xml/internal/bind/v2/runtime/output/UTF8XmlOutput.java - platform/external/jetbrains/jdk8u_jaxws - Git at Google

 /*
  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  *
  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  * accompanied this code).
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  *
  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  * questions.
  */

 package com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.output;

 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.OutputStream;

 import java.io.StringWriter;
 import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;

 import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.DatatypeConverterImpl;
 import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.marshaller.CharacterEscapeHandler;
 import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.Name;
 import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.XMLSerializer;
 import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.MarshallerImpl;

 import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

 /**
  * {@link XmlOutput} implementation specialized for UTF-8.
  *
  * @author Kohsuke Kawaguchi
  * @author Paul Sandoz
  */
 public class UTF8XmlOutput extends XmlOutputAbstractImpl {
     protected final OutputStream out;

     /** prefixes encoded. */
     private Encoded[] prefixes = new Encoded[8];

     /**
      * Of the {@link #prefixes}, number of filled entries.
      * This is almost the same as {@link NamespaceContextImpl#count()},
      * except that it allows us to handle contextual in-scope namespace bindings correctly.
      */
     private int prefixCount;

     /** local names encoded in UTF-8. All entries are pre-filled. */
     private final Encoded[] localNames;

     /** Temporary buffer used to encode text. */
     /*
      * TODO
      * The textBuffer could write directly to the _octetBuffer
      * when encoding a string if Encoder is modified.
      * This will avoid an additional memory copy.
      */
     private final Encoded textBuffer = new Encoded();

     /** Buffer of octets for writing. */
     // TODO: Obtain buffer size from property on the JAXB context
     protected final byte[] octetBuffer = new byte[1024];

     /** Index in buffer to write to. */
     protected int octetBufferIndex;

     /**
      * Set to true to indicate that we need to write '>'
      * to close a start tag. Deferring the write of this char
      * allows us to write "/>" for empty elements.
      */
     protected boolean closeStartTagPending = false;

     /**
      * @see MarshallerImpl#header
      */
     private String header;

     private CharacterEscapeHandler escapeHandler = null;

     /**
      *
      * @param localNames
      *      local names encoded in UTF-8.
      */
     public UTF8XmlOutput(OutputStream out, Encoded[] localNames, CharacterEscapeHandler escapeHandler) {
         this.out = out;
         this.localNames = localNames;
         for( int i=0; i<prefixes.length; i++ )
             prefixes[i] = new Encoded();
         this.escapeHandler = escapeHandler;
     }

     public void setHeader(String header) {
         this.header = header;
     }

     @Override
     public void startDocument(XMLSerializer serializer, boolean fragment, int[] nsUriIndex2prefixIndex, NamespaceContextImpl nsContext) throws IOException, SAXException, XMLStreamException {
         super.startDocument(serializer, fragment,nsUriIndex2prefixIndex,nsContext);

         octetBufferIndex = 0;
         if(!fragment) {
             write(XML_DECL);
         }
         if(header!=null) {
             textBuffer.set(header);
             textBuffer.write(this);
         }
     }

     @Override
     public void endDocument(boolean fragment) throws IOException, SAXException, XMLStreamException {
         flushBuffer();
         super.endDocument(fragment);
     }

     /**
      * Writes '>' to close the start tag, if necessary.
      */
     protected final void closeStartTag() throws IOException {
         if(closeStartTagPending) {
             write('>');
             closeStartTagPending = false;
         }
     }

     public void beginStartTag(int prefix, String localName) throws IOException {
         closeStartTag();
         int base= pushNsDecls();
         write('<');
         writeName(prefix,localName);
         writeNsDecls(base);
     }

     @Override
     public void beginStartTag(Name name) throws IOException {
         closeStartTag();
         int base = pushNsDecls();
         write('<');
         writeName(name);
         writeNsDecls(base);
     }

     private int pushNsDecls() {
         int total = nsContext.count();
         NamespaceContextImpl.Element ns = nsContext.getCurrent();

         if(total > prefixes.length) {
             // reallocate
             int m = Math.max(total,prefixes.length*2);
             Encoded[] buf = new Encoded[m];
             System.arraycopy(prefixes,0,buf,0,prefixes.length);
             for( int i=prefixes.length; i<buf.length; i++ )
                 buf[i] = new Encoded();
             prefixes = buf;
         }

         int base = Math.min(prefixCount,ns.getBase());
         int size = nsContext.count();
         for( int i=base; i<size; i++ ) {
             String p = nsContext.getPrefix(i);

             Encoded e = prefixes[i];

             if(p.length()==0) {
                 e.buf = EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY;
                 e.len = 0;
             } else {
                 e.set(p);
                 e.append(':');
             }
         }
         prefixCount = size;
         return base;
     }

     protected void writeNsDecls(int base) throws IOException {
         NamespaceContextImpl.Element ns = nsContext.getCurrent();
         int size = nsContext.count();

         for( int i=ns.getBase(); i<size; i++ )
             writeNsDecl(i);
     }

     /**
      * Writes a single namespace declaration for the specified prefix.
      */
     protected final void writeNsDecl(int prefixIndex) throws IOException {
         String p = nsContext.getPrefix(prefixIndex);

         if(p.length()==0) {
             if(nsContext.getCurrent().isRootElement()
             && nsContext.getNamespaceURI(prefixIndex).length()==0)
                 return;     // no point in declaring xmlns="" on the root element
             write(XMLNS_EQUALS);
         } else {
             Encoded e = prefixes[prefixIndex];
             write(XMLNS_COLON);
             write(e.buf,0,e.len-1); // skip the trailing ':'
             write(EQUALS);
         }
         doText(nsContext.getNamespaceURI(prefixIndex),true);
         write('\"');
     }

     private void writePrefix(int prefix) throws IOException {
         prefixes[prefix].write(this);
     }

     private void writeName(Name name) throws IOException {
         writePrefix(nsUriIndex2prefixIndex[name.nsUriIndex]);
         localNames[name.localNameIndex].write(this);
     }

     private void writeName(int prefix, String localName) throws IOException {
         writePrefix(prefix);
         textBuffer.set(localName);
         textBuffer.write(this);
     }

     @Override
     public void attribute(Name name, String value) throws IOException {
         write(' ');
         if(name.nsUriIndex==-1) {
             localNames[name.localNameIndex].write(this);
         } else
             writeName(name);
         write(EQUALS);
         doText(value,true);
         write('\"');
     }

     public void attribute(int prefix, String localName, String value) throws IOException {
         write(' ');
         if(prefix==-1) {
             textBuffer.set(localName);
             textBuffer.write(this);
         } else
             writeName(prefix,localName);
         write(EQUALS);
         doText(value,true);
         write('\"');
     }

     public void endStartTag() throws IOException {
         closeStartTagPending = true;
     }

     @Override
     public void endTag(Name name) throws IOException {
         if(closeStartTagPending) {
             write(EMPTY_TAG);
             closeStartTagPending = false;
         } else {
             write(CLOSE_TAG);
             writeName(name);
             write('>');
         }
     }

     public void endTag(int prefix, String localName) throws IOException {
         if(closeStartTagPending) {
             write(EMPTY_TAG);
             closeStartTagPending = false;
         } else {
             write(CLOSE_TAG);
             writeName(prefix,localName);
             write('>');
         }
     }

     public void text(String value, boolean needSP) throws IOException {
         closeStartTag();
         if(needSP)
             write(' ');
         doText(value,false);
     }

     public void text(Pcdata value, boolean needSP) throws IOException {
         closeStartTag();
         if(needSP)
             write(' ');
         value.writeTo(this);
     }

     private void doText(String value,boolean isAttribute) throws IOException {
         if (escapeHandler != null) {
             StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
             escapeHandler.escape(value.toCharArray(), 0, value.length(), isAttribute, sw);
             textBuffer.set(sw.toString());
         } else {
             textBuffer.setEscape(value, isAttribute);
         }
         textBuffer.write(this);
     }

     public final void text(int value) throws IOException {
         closeStartTag();
         /*
          * TODO
          * Change to use the octet buffer directly
          */

         // max is -2147483648 and 11 digits
         boolean minus = (value<0);
         textBuffer.ensureSize(11);
         byte[] buf = textBuffer.buf;
         int idx = 11;

         do {
             int r = value%10;
             if(r<0) r = -r;
             buf[--idx] = (byte)('0'|r);    // really measn 0x30+r but 0<=r<10, so bit-OR would do.
             value /= 10;
         } while(value!=0);

         if(minus)   buf[--idx] = (byte)'-';

         write(buf,idx,11-idx);
     }

     /**
      * Writes the given byte[] as base64 encoded binary to the output.
      *
      * <p>
      * Being defined on this class allows this method to access the buffer directly,
      * which translates to a better performance.
      */
     public void text(byte[] data, int dataLen) throws IOException {
         closeStartTag();

         int start = 0;

         while(dataLen>0) {
             // how many bytes (in data) can we write without overflowing the buffer?
             int batchSize = Math.min(((octetBuffer.length-octetBufferIndex)/4)*3,dataLen);

             // write the batch
             octetBufferIndex = DatatypeConverterImpl._printBase64Binary(data,start,batchSize,octetBuffer,octetBufferIndex);

             if(batchSize<dataLen)
                 flushBuffer();

             start += batchSize;
             dataLen -= batchSize;

         }
     }

 //
 //
 // series of the write method that places bytes to the output
 // (by doing some buffering internal to this class)
 //

     /**
      * Writes one byte directly into the buffer.
      *
      * <p>
      * This method can be used somewhat like the {@code text} method,
      * but it doesn't perform character escaping.
      */
     public final void write(int i) throws IOException {
         if (octetBufferIndex < octetBuffer.length) {
             octetBuffer[octetBufferIndex++] = (byte)i;
         } else {
             out.write(octetBuffer);
             octetBufferIndex = 1;
             octetBuffer[0] = (byte)i;
         }
     }

     protected final void write(byte[] b) throws IOException {
         write(b, 0,  b.length);
     }

     protected final void write(byte[] b, int start, int length) throws IOException {
         if ((octetBufferIndex + length) < octetBuffer.length) {
             System.arraycopy(b, start, octetBuffer, octetBufferIndex, length);
             octetBufferIndex += length;
         } else {
             out.write(octetBuffer, 0, octetBufferIndex);
             out.write(b, start, length);
             octetBufferIndex = 0;
         }
     }

     protected final void flushBuffer() throws IOException {
         out.write(octetBuffer, 0, octetBufferIndex);
         octetBufferIndex = 0;
     }

     static byte[] toBytes(String s) {
         byte[] buf = new byte[s.length()];
         for( int i=s.length()-1; i>=0; i-- )
             buf[i] = (byte)s.charAt(i);
         return buf;
     }

     // per instance copy to prevent an attack where malicious OutputStream
     // rewrites the byte array.
     private final byte[] XMLNS_EQUALS = _XMLNS_EQUALS.clone();
     private final byte[] XMLNS_COLON = _XMLNS_COLON.clone();
     private final byte[] EQUALS = _EQUALS.clone();
     private final byte[] CLOSE_TAG = _CLOSE_TAG.clone();
     private final byte[] EMPTY_TAG = _EMPTY_TAG.clone();
     private final byte[] XML_DECL = _XML_DECL.clone();

     // masters
     private static final byte[] _XMLNS_EQUALS = toBytes(" xmlns=\"");
     private static final byte[] _XMLNS_COLON = toBytes(" xmlns:");
     private static final byte[] _EQUALS = toBytes("=\"");
     private static final byte[] _CLOSE_TAG = toBytes("</");
     private static final byte[] _EMPTY_TAG = toBytes("/>");
     private static final byte[] _XML_DECL = toBytes("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>");

     // no need to copy
     private static final byte[] EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY = new byte[0];
 }
	/*
	* Copyright (c) 1997, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
	* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
	*
	* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
	* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
	* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
	* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
	* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
	*
	* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
	* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
	* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
	* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
	* accompanied this code).
	*
	* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
	* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
	* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
	*
	* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
	* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
	* questions.
	*/

	package com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.output;

	import java.io.IOException;
	import java.io.OutputStream;

	import java.io.StringWriter;
	import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;

	import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.DatatypeConverterImpl;
	import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.marshaller.CharacterEscapeHandler;
	import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.Name;
	import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.XMLSerializer;
	import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.MarshallerImpl;

	import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

	/**
	* {@link XmlOutput} implementation specialized for UTF-8.
	*
	* @author Kohsuke Kawaguchi
	* @author Paul Sandoz
	*/
	public class UTF8XmlOutput extends XmlOutputAbstractImpl {
	protected final OutputStream out;

	/** prefixes encoded. */
	private Encoded[] prefixes = new Encoded[8];

	/**
	* Of the {@link #prefixes}, number of filled entries.
	* This is almost the same as {@link NamespaceContextImpl#count()},
	* except that it allows us to handle contextual in-scope namespace bindings correctly.
	*/
	private int prefixCount;

	/** local names encoded in UTF-8. All entries are pre-filled. */
	private final Encoded[] localNames;

	/** Temporary buffer used to encode text. */
	/*
	* TODO
	* The textBuffer could write directly to the _octetBuffer
	* when encoding a string if Encoder is modified.
	* This will avoid an additional memory copy.
	*/
	private final Encoded textBuffer = new Encoded();

	/** Buffer of octets for writing. */
	// TODO: Obtain buffer size from property on the JAXB context
	protected final byte[] octetBuffer = new byte[1024];

	/** Index in buffer to write to. */
	protected int octetBufferIndex;

	/**
	* Set to true to indicate that we need to write '>'
	* to close a start tag. Deferring the write of this char
	* allows us to write "/>" for empty elements.
	*/
	protected boolean closeStartTagPending = false;

	/**
	* @see MarshallerImpl#header
	*/
	private String header;

	private CharacterEscapeHandler escapeHandler = null;

	/**
	*
	* @param localNames
	* local names encoded in UTF-8.
	*/
	public UTF8XmlOutput(OutputStream out, Encoded[] localNames, CharacterEscapeHandler escapeHandler) {
	this.out = out;
	this.localNames = localNames;
	for( int i=0; i<prefixes.length; i++ )
	prefixes[i] = new Encoded();
	this.escapeHandler = escapeHandler;
	}

	public void setHeader(String header) {
	this.header = header;
	}

	@Override
	public void startDocument(XMLSerializer serializer, boolean fragment, int[] nsUriIndex2prefixIndex, NamespaceContextImpl nsContext) throws IOException, SAXException, XMLStreamException {
	super.startDocument(serializer, fragment,nsUriIndex2prefixIndex,nsContext);

	octetBufferIndex = 0;
	if(!fragment) {
	write(XML_DECL);
	}
	if(header!=null) {
	textBuffer.set(header);
	textBuffer.write(this);
	}
	}

	@Override
	public void endDocument(boolean fragment) throws IOException, SAXException, XMLStreamException {
	flushBuffer();
	super.endDocument(fragment);
	}

	/**
	* Writes '>' to close the start tag, if necessary.
	*/
	protected final void closeStartTag() throws IOException {
	if(closeStartTagPending) {
	write('>');
	closeStartTagPending = false;
	}
	}

	public void beginStartTag(int prefix, String localName) throws IOException {
	closeStartTag();
	int base= pushNsDecls();
	write('<');
	writeName(prefix,localName);
	writeNsDecls(base);
	}

	@Override
	public void beginStartTag(Name name) throws IOException {
	closeStartTag();
	int base = pushNsDecls();
	write('<');
	writeName(name);
	writeNsDecls(base);
	}

	private int pushNsDecls() {
	int total = nsContext.count();
	NamespaceContextImpl.Element ns = nsContext.getCurrent();

	if(total > prefixes.length) {
	// reallocate
	int m = Math.max(total,prefixes.length*2);
	Encoded[] buf = new Encoded[m];
	System.arraycopy(prefixes,0,buf,0,prefixes.length);
	for( int i=prefixes.length; i<buf.length; i++ )
	buf[i] = new Encoded();
	prefixes = buf;
	}

	int base = Math.min(prefixCount,ns.getBase());
	int size = nsContext.count();
	for( int i=base; i<size; i++ ) {
	String p = nsContext.getPrefix(i);

	Encoded e = prefixes[i];

	if(p.length()==0) {
	e.buf = EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY;
	e.len = 0;
	} else {
	e.set(p);
	e.append(':');
	}
	}
	prefixCount = size;
	return base;
	}

	protected void writeNsDecls(int base) throws IOException {
	NamespaceContextImpl.Element ns = nsContext.getCurrent();
	int size = nsContext.count();

	for( int i=ns.getBase(); i<size; i++ )
	writeNsDecl(i);
	}

	/**
	* Writes a single namespace declaration for the specified prefix.
	*/
	protected final void writeNsDecl(int prefixIndex) throws IOException {
	String p = nsContext.getPrefix(prefixIndex);

	if(p.length()==0) {
	if(nsContext.getCurrent().isRootElement()
	&& nsContext.getNamespaceURI(prefixIndex).length()==0)
	return; // no point in declaring xmlns="" on the root element
	write(XMLNS_EQUALS);
	} else {
	Encoded e = prefixes[prefixIndex];
	write(XMLNS_COLON);
	write(e.buf,0,e.len-1); // skip the trailing ':'
	write(EQUALS);
	}
	doText(nsContext.getNamespaceURI(prefixIndex),true);
	write('\"');
	}

	private void writePrefix(int prefix) throws IOException {
	prefixes[prefix].write(this);
	}

	private void writeName(Name name) throws IOException {
	writePrefix(nsUriIndex2prefixIndex[name.nsUriIndex]);
	localNames[name.localNameIndex].write(this);
	}

	private void writeName(int prefix, String localName) throws IOException {
	writePrefix(prefix);
	textBuffer.set(localName);
	textBuffer.write(this);
	}

	@Override
	public void attribute(Name name, String value) throws IOException {
	write(' ');
	if(name.nsUriIndex==-1) {
	localNames[name.localNameIndex].write(this);
	} else
	writeName(name);
	write(EQUALS);
	doText(value,true);
	write('\"');
	}

	public void attribute(int prefix, String localName, String value) throws IOException {
	write(' ');
	if(prefix==-1) {
	textBuffer.set(localName);
	textBuffer.write(this);
	} else
	writeName(prefix,localName);
	write(EQUALS);
	doText(value,true);
	write('\"');
	}

	public void endStartTag() throws IOException {
	closeStartTagPending = true;
	}

	@Override
	public void endTag(Name name) throws IOException {
	if(closeStartTagPending) {
	write(EMPTY_TAG);
	closeStartTagPending = false;
	} else {
	write(CLOSE_TAG);
	writeName(name);
	write('>');
	}
	}

	public void endTag(int prefix, String localName) throws IOException {
	if(closeStartTagPending) {
	write(EMPTY_TAG);
	closeStartTagPending = false;
	} else {
	write(CLOSE_TAG);
	writeName(prefix,localName);
	write('>');
	}
	}

	public void text(String value, boolean needSP) throws IOException {
	closeStartTag();
	if(needSP)
	write(' ');
	doText(value,false);
	}

	public void text(Pcdata value, boolean needSP) throws IOException {
	closeStartTag();
	if(needSP)
	write(' ');
	value.writeTo(this);
	}

	private void doText(String value,boolean isAttribute) throws IOException {
	if (escapeHandler != null) {
	StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
	escapeHandler.escape(value.toCharArray(), 0, value.length(), isAttribute, sw);
	textBuffer.set(sw.toString());
	} else {
	textBuffer.setEscape(value, isAttribute);
	}
	textBuffer.write(this);
	}

	public final void text(int value) throws IOException {
	closeStartTag();
	/*
	* TODO
	* Change to use the octet buffer directly
	*/

	// max is -2147483648 and 11 digits
	boolean minus = (value<0);
	textBuffer.ensureSize(11);
	byte[] buf = textBuffer.buf;
	int idx = 11;

	do {
	int r = value%10;
	if(r<0) r = -r;
	buf[--idx] = (byte)('0'\|r); // really measn 0x30+r but 0<=r<10, so bit-OR would do.
	value /= 10;
	} while(value!=0);

	if(minus) buf[--idx] = (byte)'-';

	write(buf,idx,11-idx);
	}

	/**
	* Writes the given byte[] as base64 encoded binary to the output.
	*
	* <p>
	* Being defined on this class allows this method to access the buffer directly,
	* which translates to a better performance.
	*/
	public void text(byte[] data, int dataLen) throws IOException {
	closeStartTag();

	int start = 0;

	while(dataLen>0) {
	// how many bytes (in data) can we write without overflowing the buffer?
	int batchSize = Math.min(((octetBuffer.length-octetBufferIndex)/4)*3,dataLen);

	// write the batch
	octetBufferIndex = DatatypeConverterImpl._printBase64Binary(data,start,batchSize,octetBuffer,octetBufferIndex);

	if(batchSize<dataLen)
	flushBuffer();

	start += batchSize;
	dataLen -= batchSize;

	}
	}

	//
	//
	// series of the write method that places bytes to the output
	// (by doing some buffering internal to this class)
	//

	/**
	* Writes one byte directly into the buffer.
	*
	* <p>
	* This method can be used somewhat like the {@code text} method,
	* but it doesn't perform character escaping.
	*/
	public final void write(int i) throws IOException {
	if (octetBufferIndex < octetBuffer.length) {
	octetBuffer[octetBufferIndex++] = (byte)i;
	} else {
	out.write(octetBuffer);
	octetBufferIndex = 1;
	octetBuffer[0] = (byte)i;
	}
	}

	protected final void write(byte[] b) throws IOException {
	write(b, 0, b.length);
	}

	protected final void write(byte[] b, int start, int length) throws IOException {
	if ((octetBufferIndex + length) < octetBuffer.length) {
	System.arraycopy(b, start, octetBuffer, octetBufferIndex, length);
	octetBufferIndex += length;
	} else {
	out.write(octetBuffer, 0, octetBufferIndex);
	out.write(b, start, length);
	octetBufferIndex = 0;
	}
	}

	protected final void flushBuffer() throws IOException {
	out.write(octetBuffer, 0, octetBufferIndex);
	octetBufferIndex = 0;
	}

	static byte[] toBytes(String s) {
	byte[] buf = new byte[s.length()];
	for( int i=s.length()-1; i>=0; i-- )
	buf[i] = (byte)s.charAt(i);
	return buf;
	}

	// per instance copy to prevent an attack where malicious OutputStream
	// rewrites the byte array.
	private final byte[] XMLNS_EQUALS = _XMLNS_EQUALS.clone();
	private final byte[] XMLNS_COLON = _XMLNS_COLON.clone();
	private final byte[] EQUALS = _EQUALS.clone();
	private final byte[] CLOSE_TAG = _CLOSE_TAG.clone();
	private final byte[] EMPTY_TAG = _EMPTY_TAG.clone();
	private final byte[] XML_DECL = _XML_DECL.clone();

	// masters
	private static final byte[] _XMLNS_EQUALS = toBytes(" xmlns=\"");
	private static final byte[] _XMLNS_COLON = toBytes(" xmlns:");
	private static final byte[] _EQUALS = toBytes("=\"");
	private static final byte[] _CLOSE_TAG = toBytes("</");
	private static final byte[] _EMPTY_TAG = toBytes("/>");
	private static final byte[] _XML_DECL = toBytes("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>");

	// no need to copy
	private static final byte[] EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY = new byte[0];
	}