/********************************************************************
 * COPYRIGHT:
 * Copyright (c) 2001-2014, International Business Machines Corporation and
 * others. All Rights Reserved.
 ********************************************************************/
/********************************************************************************
*
* File custrtrn.C
*
* Modification History:
*        Name                     Description
*        Ram                      String transformations test
*********************************************************************************
*/
/****************************************************************************/


#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "unicode/utypes.h"
#include "unicode/ustring.h"
#include "unicode/ures.h"
#include "ustr_imp.h"
#include "cintltst.h"
#include "cmemory.h"
#include "cstring.h"
#include "cwchar.h"

#define LENGTHOF(array) (int32_t)(sizeof(array)/sizeof((array)[0]))

void addUCharTransformTest(TestNode** root);

static void Test_strToUTF32(void);
static void Test_strToUTF32_surrogates(void);
static void Test_strFromUTF32(void);
static void Test_strFromUTF32_surrogates(void);
static void Test_UChar_UTF8_API(void);
static void Test_FromUTF8(void);
static void Test_FromUTF8Lenient(void);
static void Test_UChar_WCHART_API(void);
static void Test_widestrs(void);
static void Test_WCHART_LongString(void);
static void Test_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(void);
static void Test_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8(void);
static void TestNullEmptySource(void);

void 
addUCharTransformTest(TestNode** root)
{
   addTest(root, &Test_strToUTF32, "custrtrn/Test_strToUTF32");
   addTest(root, &Test_strToUTF32_surrogates, "custrtrn/Test_strToUTF32_surrogates");
   addTest(root, &Test_strFromUTF32, "custrtrn/Test_strFromUTF32");
   addTest(root, &Test_strFromUTF32_surrogates, "custrtrn/Test_strFromUTF32_surrogates");
   addTest(root, &Test_UChar_UTF8_API, "custrtrn/Test_UChar_UTF8_API");
   addTest(root, &Test_FromUTF8, "custrtrn/Test_FromUTF8");
   addTest(root, &Test_FromUTF8Lenient, "custrtrn/Test_FromUTF8Lenient");
   addTest(root, &Test_UChar_WCHART_API,  "custrtrn/Test_UChar_WCHART_API");
   addTest(root, &Test_widestrs,  "custrtrn/Test_widestrs");
#if !UCONFIG_NO_FILE_IO && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION
   addTest(root, &Test_WCHART_LongString, "custrtrn/Test_WCHART_LongString");
#endif
   addTest(root, &Test_strToJavaModifiedUTF8,  "custrtrn/Test_strToJavaModifiedUTF8");
   addTest(root, &Test_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8,  "custrtrn/Test_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8");
   addTest(root, &TestNullEmptySource,  "custrtrn/TestNullEmptySource");
}

static const UChar32 src32[]={
    0x00A8, 0x3003, 0x3005, 0x2015, 0xFF5E, 0x2016, 0x2026, 0x2018, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x2019, 0x201C, 0x201D, 0x3014, 0x3015, 0x3008, 0x3009, 0x300A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x300B, 0x300C, 0x300D, 0x300E, 0x300F, 0x3016, 0x3017, 0x3010, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x3011, 0x00B1, 0x00D7, 0x00F7, 0x2236, 0x2227, 0x7FC1, 0x8956, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x9D2C, 0x9D0E, 0x9EC4, 0x5CA1, 0x6C96, 0x837B, 0x5104, 0x5C4B, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x61B6, 0x81C6, 0x6876, 0x7261, 0x4E59, 0x4FFA, 0x5378, 0x57F7, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x57F4, 0x57F9, 0x57FA, 0x57FC, 0x5800, 0x5802, 0x5805, 0x5806, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x580A, 0x581E, 0x6BB5, 0x6BB7, 0x6BBA, 0x6BBC, 0x9CE2, 0x977C, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x6BBF, 0x6BC1, 0x6BC5, 0x6BC6, 0x6BCB, 0x6BCD, 0x6BCF, 0x6BD2, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x6BD3, 0x6BD4, 0x6BD6, 0x6BD7, 0x6BD8, 0x6BDB, 0x6BEB, 0x6BEC, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x6C05, 0x6C08, 0x6C0F, 0x6C11, 0x6C13, 0x6C23, 0x6C34, 0x0041, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x0043, 0x0044, 0x0045, 0x0046, 0x0047, 0x0048, 0x0049, 0x004A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x004B, 0x004C, 0x004D, 0x004E, 0x004F, 0x0050, 0x0051, 0x0052, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x0053, 0x0054, 0x0055, 0x0056, 0x0057, 0x0058, 0x0059, 0x005A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x005B, 0x9792, 0x9CCC, 0x9CCD, 0x9CCE, 0x9CCF, 0x9CD0, 0x9CD3, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x9CD4, 0x9CD5, 0x9CD7, 0x9CD8, 0x9CD9, 0x9CDC, 0x9CDD, 0x9CDF, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x9785, 0x9791, 0x00BD, 0x0390, 0x0385, 0x0386, 0x0388, 0x0389, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x038E, 0x038F, 0x0390, 0x0391, 0x0392, 0x0393, 0x0394, 0x0395, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x0396, 0x0397, 0x0398, 0x0399, 0x039A, 0x038A, 0x038C, 0x039C, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    /* test non-BMP code points */
    0x0002A699,
    0x0002A69C, 0x0002A69D, 0x0002A69E, 0x0002A69F, 0x0002A6A0, 0x0002A6A5, 0x0002A6A6, 0x0002A6A7, 0x0002A6A8, 0x0002A6AB,
    0x0002A6AC, 0x0002A6AD, 0x0002A6AE, 0x0002A6AF, 0x0002A6B0, 0x0002A6B1, 0x0002A6B3, 0x0002A6B5, 0x0002A6B6, 0x0002A6B7,
    0x0002A6B8, 0x0002A6B9, 0x0002A6BA, 0x0002A6BB, 0x0002A6BC, 0x0002A6BD, 0x0002A6BE, 0x0002A6BF, 0x0002A6C0, 0x0002A6C1,
    0x0002A6C2, 0x0002A6C3, 0x0002A6C4, 0x0002A6C8, 0x0002A6CA, 0x0002A6CB, 0x0002A6CD, 0x0002A6CE, 0x0002A6CF, 0x0002A6D0,
    0x0002A6D1, 0x0002A6D2, 0x0002A6D3, 0x0002A6D4, 0x0002A6D5,

    0x4DB3, 0x4DB4, 0x4DB5, 0x4E00, 0x4E00, 0x4E01, 0x4E02, 0x4E03, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x0392, 0x0393, 0x0394, 0x0395, 0x0396, 0x0397, 0x33E0, 0x33E6, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x4E05, 0x4E07, 0x4E04, 0x4E08, 0x4E08, 0x4E09, 0x4E0A, 0x4E0B, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x4E0C, 0x0021, 0x0022, 0x0023, 0x0024, 0xFF40, 0xFF41, 0xFF42, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0xFF43, 0xFF44, 0xFF45, 0xFF46, 0xFF47, 0xFF48, 0xFF49, 0xFF4A, 0x000D, 0x000A,0x0000 
};

static const UChar src16[] = {
    0x00A8, 0x3003, 0x3005, 0x2015, 0xFF5E, 0x2016, 0x2026, 0x2018, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x2019, 0x201C, 0x201D, 0x3014, 0x3015, 0x3008, 0x3009, 0x300A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x300B, 0x300C, 0x300D, 0x300E, 0x300F, 0x3016, 0x3017, 0x3010, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x3011, 0x00B1, 0x00D7, 0x00F7, 0x2236, 0x2227, 0x7FC1, 0x8956, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x9D2C, 0x9D0E, 0x9EC4, 0x5CA1, 0x6C96, 0x837B, 0x5104, 0x5C4B, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x61B6, 0x81C6, 0x6876, 0x7261, 0x4E59, 0x4FFA, 0x5378, 0x57F7, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x57F4, 0x57F9, 0x57FA, 0x57FC, 0x5800, 0x5802, 0x5805, 0x5806, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x580A, 0x581E, 0x6BB5, 0x6BB7, 0x6BBA, 0x6BBC, 0x9CE2, 0x977C, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x6BBF, 0x6BC1, 0x6BC5, 0x6BC6, 0x6BCB, 0x6BCD, 0x6BCF, 0x6BD2, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x6BD3, 0x6BD4, 0x6BD6, 0x6BD7, 0x6BD8, 0x6BDB, 0x6BEB, 0x6BEC, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x6C05, 0x6C08, 0x6C0F, 0x6C11, 0x6C13, 0x6C23, 0x6C34, 0x0041, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x0043, 0x0044, 0x0045, 0x0046, 0x0047, 0x0048, 0x0049, 0x004A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x004B, 0x004C, 0x004D, 0x004E, 0x004F, 0x0050, 0x0051, 0x0052, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x0053, 0x0054, 0x0055, 0x0056, 0x0057, 0x0058, 0x0059, 0x005A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x005B, 0x9792, 0x9CCC, 0x9CCD, 0x9CCE, 0x9CCF, 0x9CD0, 0x9CD3, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x9CD4, 0x9CD5, 0x9CD7, 0x9CD8, 0x9CD9, 0x9CDC, 0x9CDD, 0x9CDF, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x9785, 0x9791, 0x00BD, 0x0390, 0x0385, 0x0386, 0x0388, 0x0389, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x038E, 0x038F, 0x0390, 0x0391, 0x0392, 0x0393, 0x0394, 0x0395, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x0396, 0x0397, 0x0398, 0x0399, 0x039A, 0x038A, 0x038C, 0x039C, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    
    /* test non-BMP code points */ 
    0xD869, 0xDE99, 0xD869, 0xDE9C, 0xD869, 0xDE9D, 0xD869, 0xDE9E, 0xD869, 0xDE9F, 
    0xD869, 0xDEA0, 0xD869, 0xDEA5, 0xD869, 0xDEA6, 0xD869, 0xDEA7, 0xD869, 0xDEA8, 
    0xD869, 0xDEAB, 0xD869, 0xDEAC, 0xD869, 0xDEAD, 0xD869, 0xDEAE, 0xD869, 0xDEAF,
    0xD869, 0xDEB0, 0xD869, 0xDEB1, 0xD869, 0xDEB3, 0xD869, 0xDEB5, 0xD869, 0xDEB6, 
    0xD869, 0xDEB7, 0xD869, 0xDEB8, 0xD869, 0xDEB9, 0xD869, 0xDEBA, 0xD869, 0xDEBB, 
    0xD869, 0xDEBC, 0xD869, 0xDEBD, 0xD869, 0xDEBE, 0xD869, 0xDEBF, 0xD869, 0xDEC0, 
    0xD869, 0xDEC1, 0xD869, 0xDEC2, 0xD869, 0xDEC3, 0xD869, 0xDEC4, 0xD869, 0xDEC8, 
    0xD869, 0xDECA, 0xD869, 0xDECB, 0xD869, 0xDECD, 0xD869, 0xDECE, 0xD869, 0xDECF, 
    0xD869, 0xDED0, 0xD869, 0xDED1, 0xD869, 0xDED2, 0xD869, 0xDED3, 0xD869, 0xDED4, 
    0xD869, 0xDED5,  

    0x4DB3, 0x4DB4, 0x4DB5, 0x4E00, 0x4E00, 0x4E01, 0x4E02, 0x4E03, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x0392, 0x0393, 0x0394, 0x0395, 0x0396, 0x0397, 0x33E0, 0x33E6, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x4E05, 0x4E07, 0x4E04, 0x4E08, 0x4E08, 0x4E09, 0x4E0A, 0x4E0B, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x4E0C, 0x0021, 0x0022, 0x0023, 0x0024, 0xFF40, 0xFF41, 0xFF42, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0xFF43, 0xFF44, 0xFF45, 0xFF46, 0xFF47, 0xFF48, 0xFF49, 0xFF4A, 0x000D, 0x000A,0x0000 
};


static void Test_strToUTF32(void){
    UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    UChar32 u32Target[400];
    int32_t u32DestLen;
    int i= 0;

    /* first with length */
    u32DestLen = -2;
    u_strToUTF32(u32Target, 0, &u32DestLen, src16, LENGTHOF(src16),&err);
    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || u32DestLen != LENGTHOF(src32)) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF32(preflight with length): "
                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR\n",
                (long)u32DestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src32), u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }
    err = U_ZERO_ERROR; 
    u32DestLen = -2;
    u_strToUTF32(u32Target, LENGTHOF(src32)+1, &u32DestLen, src16, LENGTHOF(src16),&err);
    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || u32DestLen != LENGTHOF(src32)) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF32(with length): "
                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_ZERO_ERROR\n",
                (long)u32DestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src32), u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }
    /*for(i=0; i< u32DestLen; i++){
        printf("0x%08X, ",uTarget[i]);
        if(i%10==0){
            printf("\n");
        }
    }*/
    for(i=0; i< LENGTHOF(src32); i++){
        if(u32Target[i] != src32[i]){
            log_verbose("u_strToUTF32(with length) failed expected: %04X got: %04X at index: %i \n", src32[i], u32Target[i],i);
        }
    }
    if(u32Target[i] != 0){
        log_verbose("u_strToUTF32(with length) failed expected: %04X got: %04X at index: %i \n", 0, u32Target[i],i);
    }

    /* now NUL-terminated */
    u32DestLen = -2;
    u_strToUTF32(NULL,0, &u32DestLen, src16, -1,&err);
    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || u32DestLen != LENGTHOF(src32)-1) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF32(preflight with NUL-termination): "
                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR\n",
                (long)u32DestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src32)-1, u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }
    err = U_ZERO_ERROR; 
    u32DestLen = -2;
    u_strToUTF32(u32Target, LENGTHOF(src32), &u32DestLen, src16, -1,&err);
    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || u32DestLen != LENGTHOF(src32)-1) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF32(with NUL-termination): "
                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_ZERO_ERROR\n",
                (long)u32DestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src32)-1, u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    for(i=0; i< LENGTHOF(src32); i++){
        if(u32Target[i] != src32[i]){
            log_verbose("u_strToUTF32(NUL-termination) failed expected: %04X got: %04X \n", src32[i], u32Target[i]);
        }
    }
}

/* test unpaired surrogates */
static void Test_strToUTF32_surrogates() {
    UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    UChar32 u32Target[400];
    int32_t len16, u32DestLen;
    int32_t numSubstitutions;
    int i;

    static const UChar surr16[] = { 0x41, 0xd900, 0x61, 0xdc00, 0x5a, 0xd900, 0xdc00, 0x7a, 0 };
    static const UChar32 expected[] = { 0x5a, 0x50000, 0x7a, 0 };
    static const UChar32 expected_FFFD[] = { 0x41, 0xfffd, 0x61, 0xfffd, 0x5a, 0x50000, 0x7a, 0 };
    static const UChar32 expected_12345[] = { 0x41, 0x12345, 0x61, 0x12345, 0x5a, 0x50000, 0x7a, 0 };
    len16 = LENGTHOF(surr16);
    for(i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        u_strToUTF32(u32Target, 0, &u32DestLen, surr16+i, len16-i, &err);
        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
            log_err("u_strToUTF32(preflight surr16+%ld) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
            return;
        }

        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        u_strToUTF32(u32Target, LENGTHOF(u32Target), &u32DestLen, surr16+i, len16-i, &err);
        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
            log_err("u_strToUTF32(surr16+%ld) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
            return;
        }

        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        u_strToUTF32(NULL, 0, &u32DestLen, surr16+i, -1, &err);
        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
            log_err("u_strToUTF32(preflight surr16+%ld/NUL) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
            return;
        }

        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        u_strToUTF32(u32Target, LENGTHOF(u32Target), &u32DestLen, surr16+i, -1, &err);
        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
            log_err("u_strToUTF32(surr16+%ld/NUL) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
            return;
        }
    }

    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strToUTF32(u32Target, 0, &u32DestLen, surr16+4, len16-4-1, &err);
    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || u32DestLen != 3) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF32(preflight surr16+4) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strToUTF32(u32Target, LENGTHOF(u32Target), &u32DestLen, surr16+4, len16-4-1, &err);
    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || u32DestLen != 3 || uprv_memcmp(u32Target, expected, 4*4)) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF32(surr16+4) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strToUTF32(NULL, 0, &u32DestLen, surr16+4, -1, &err);
    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || u32DestLen != 3) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF32(preflight surr16+4/NUL) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strToUTF32(u32Target, LENGTHOF(u32Target), &u32DestLen, surr16+4, -1, &err);
    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || u32DestLen != 3 || uprv_memcmp(u32Target, expected, 4*4)) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF32(surr16+4/NUL) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    /* with substitution character */
    numSubstitutions = -1;
    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strToUTF32WithSub(u32Target, 0, &u32DestLen, surr16, len16-1, 0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &err);
    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || u32DestLen != 7 || numSubstitutions != 2) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF32WithSub(preflight surr16) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strToUTF32WithSub(u32Target, LENGTHOF(u32Target), &u32DestLen, surr16, len16-1, 0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &err);
    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || u32DestLen != 7 || numSubstitutions != 2 || uprv_memcmp(u32Target, expected_FFFD, 8*4)) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF32WithSub(surr16) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strToUTF32WithSub(NULL, 0, &u32DestLen, surr16, -1, 0x12345, &numSubstitutions, &err);
    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || u32DestLen != 7 || numSubstitutions != 2) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF32WithSub(preflight surr16/NUL) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strToUTF32WithSub(u32Target, LENGTHOF(u32Target), &u32DestLen, surr16, -1, 0x12345, &numSubstitutions, &err);
    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || u32DestLen != 7 || numSubstitutions != 2 || uprv_memcmp(u32Target, expected_12345, 8*4)) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF32WithSub(surr16/NUL) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }
}

static void Test_strFromUTF32(void){
    UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    UChar uTarget[400];
    int32_t uDestLen;
    int i= 0;

    /* first with length */
    uDestLen = -2;
    u_strFromUTF32(uTarget,0,&uDestLen,src32,LENGTHOF(src32),&err);
    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || uDestLen != LENGTHOF(src16)) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(preflight with length): "
                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR\n",
                (long)uDestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src16), u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }
    err = U_ZERO_ERROR; 
    uDestLen = -2;
    u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, LENGTHOF(src16)+1,&uDestLen,src32,LENGTHOF(src32),&err);
    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || uDestLen != LENGTHOF(src16)) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(with length): "
                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_ZERO_ERROR\n",
                (long)uDestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src16), u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }
    /*for(i=0; i< uDestLen; i++){
        printf("0x%04X, ",uTarget[i]);
        if(i%10==0){
            printf("\n");
        }
    }*/
    
    for(i=0; i< uDestLen; i++){
        if(uTarget[i] != src16[i]){
            log_verbose("u_strFromUTF32(with length) failed expected: %04X got: %04X at index: %i \n", src16[i] ,uTarget[i],i);
        }
    }
    if(uTarget[i] != 0){
        log_verbose("u_strFromUTF32(with length) failed expected: %04X got: %04X at index: %i \n", 0,uTarget[i],i);
    }

    /* now NUL-terminated */
    uDestLen = -2;
    u_strFromUTF32(NULL,0,&uDestLen,src32,-1,&err);
    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || uDestLen != LENGTHOF(src16)-1) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(preflight with NUL-termination): "
                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR\n",
                (long)uDestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src16)-1, u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }
    err = U_ZERO_ERROR; 
    uDestLen = -2;
    u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, LENGTHOF(src16),&uDestLen,src32,-1,&err);
    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || uDestLen != LENGTHOF(src16)-1) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(with NUL-termination): "
                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_ZERO_ERROR\n",
                (long)uDestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src16)-1, u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    for(i=0; i< uDestLen; i++){
        if(uTarget[i] != src16[i]){
            log_verbose("u_strFromUTF32(with NUL-termination) failed expected: %04X got: %04X \n", src16[i] ,uTarget[i]);
        }
    }
}

/* test surrogate code points */
static void Test_strFromUTF32_surrogates() {
    UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    UChar uTarget[400];
    int32_t len32, uDestLen;
    int32_t numSubstitutions;
    int i;

    static const UChar32 surr32[] = { 0x41, 0xd900, 0x61, 0xdc00, -1, 0x110000, 0x5a, 0x50000, 0x7a, 0 };
    static const UChar expected[] = { 0x5a, 0xd900, 0xdc00, 0x7a, 0 };
    static const UChar expected_FFFD[] = { 0x41, 0xfffd, 0x61, 0xfffd, 0xfffd, 0xfffd, 0x5a, 0xd900, 0xdc00, 0x7a, 0 };
    static const UChar expected_12345[] = { 0x41, 0xd808, 0xdf45, 0x61, 0xd808, 0xdf45, 0xd808, 0xdf45, 0xd808, 0xdf45,
                                            0x5a, 0xd900, 0xdc00, 0x7a, 0 };
    len32 = LENGTHOF(surr32);
    for(i = 0; i < 6; ++i) {
        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, 0, &uDestLen, surr32+i, len32-i, &err);
        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
            log_err("u_strFromUTF32(preflight surr32+%ld) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
            return;
        }

        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, LENGTHOF(uTarget), &uDestLen, surr32+i, len32-i, &err);
        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
            log_err("u_strFromUTF32(surr32+%ld) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
            return;
        }

        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        u_strFromUTF32(NULL, 0, &uDestLen, surr32+i, -1, &err);
        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
            log_err("u_strFromUTF32(preflight surr32+%ld/NUL) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
            return;
        }

        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, LENGTHOF(uTarget), &uDestLen, surr32+i, -1, &err);
        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
            log_err("u_strFromUTF32(surr32+%ld/NUL) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
            return;
        }
    }

    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, 0, &uDestLen, surr32+6, len32-6-1, &err);
    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || uDestLen != 4) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(preflight surr32+6) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, LENGTHOF(uTarget), &uDestLen, surr32+6, len32-6-1, &err);
    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || uDestLen != 4 || u_memcmp(uTarget, expected, 5)) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(surr32+6) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strFromUTF32(NULL, 0, &uDestLen, surr32+6, -1, &err);
    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || uDestLen != 4) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(preflight surr32+6/NUL) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, LENGTHOF(uTarget), &uDestLen, surr32+6, -1, &err);
    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || uDestLen != 4 || u_memcmp(uTarget, expected, 5)) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(surr32+6/NUL) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    /* with substitution character */
    numSubstitutions = -1;
    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strFromUTF32WithSub(uTarget, 0, &uDestLen, surr32, len32-1, 0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &err);
    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || uDestLen != 10 || numSubstitutions != 4) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF32WithSub(preflight surr32) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strFromUTF32WithSub(uTarget, LENGTHOF(uTarget), &uDestLen, surr32, len32-1, 0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &err);
    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || uDestLen != 10 || numSubstitutions != 4 || u_memcmp(uTarget, expected_FFFD, 11)) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF32WithSub(surr32) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strFromUTF32WithSub(NULL, 0, &uDestLen, surr32, -1, 0x12345, &numSubstitutions, &err);
    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || uDestLen != 14 || numSubstitutions != 4) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF32WithSub(preflight surr32/NUL) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }

    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strFromUTF32WithSub(uTarget, LENGTHOF(uTarget), &uDestLen, surr32, -1, 0x12345, &numSubstitutions, &err);
    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || uDestLen != 14 || numSubstitutions != 4 || u_memcmp(uTarget, expected_12345, 15)) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF32WithSub(surr32/NUL) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
                u_errorName(err));
        return;
    }
}

static void Test_UChar_UTF8_API(void){

    UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    UChar uTemp[1];
    char u8Temp[1];
    UChar* uTarget=uTemp;
    const char* u8Src;
    int32_t u8SrcLen = 0;
    int32_t uTargetLength = 0;
    int32_t uDestLen=0;
    const UChar* uSrc = src16;
    int32_t uSrcLen   = sizeof(src16)/2;
    char* u8Target = u8Temp;
    int32_t u8TargetLength =0;
    int32_t u8DestLen =0;
    UBool failed = FALSE;
    int i= 0;
    int32_t numSubstitutions;

    {
        /* preflight */
        u8Temp[0] = 0x12;
        u_strToUTF8(u8Target,u8TargetLength, &u8DestLen, uSrc, uSrcLen,&err);
        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR && u8Temp[0] == 0x12){
            err = U_ZERO_ERROR;       
            u8Target = (char*) malloc (sizeof(uint8_t) * (u8DestLen+1));
            u8TargetLength = u8DestLen;

            u8Target[u8TargetLength] = (char)0xfe;
            u8DestLen = -1;
            u_strToUTF8(u8Target,u8TargetLength, &u8DestLen, uSrc, uSrcLen,&err);
            if(U_FAILURE(err) || u8DestLen != u8TargetLength || u8Target[u8TargetLength] != (char)0xfe){
                log_err("u_strToUTF8 failed after preflight. Error: %s\n", u_errorName(err));
                return;
            }

        }
        else {
            log_err("Should have gotten U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR");
        }
        failed = FALSE;
        /*for(i=0; i< u8DestLen; i++){
            printf("0x%04X, ",u8Target[i]);
            if(i%10==0){
                printf("\n");
            }
        }*/
        /*for(i=0; i< u8DestLen; i++){
            if(u8Target[i] != src8[i]){
                log_verbose("u_strToUTF8() failed expected: %04X got: %04X \n", src8[i], u8Target[i]);
                failed =TRUE;
            }
        }
        if(failed){
            log_err("u_strToUTF8() failed \n");
        }*/
        u8Src = u8Target;
        u8SrcLen = u8DestLen;

        /* preflight */
        uTemp[0] = 0x1234;
        u_strFromUTF8(uTarget,uTargetLength,&uDestLen,u8Src,u8SrcLen,&err);
        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR && uTemp[0] == 0x1234){
            err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
            uTarget = (UChar*) malloc( sizeof(UChar) * (uDestLen+1));
            uTargetLength =  uDestLen;

            uTarget[uTargetLength] = 0xfff0;
            uDestLen = -1;
            u_strFromUTF8(uTarget,uTargetLength,&uDestLen,u8Src,u8SrcLen,&err);
        }
        else {
            log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8(preflight) should have gotten U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR\n");
        }
        /*for(i=0; i< uDestLen; i++){
            printf("0x%04X, ",uTarget[i]);
            if(i%10==0){
                printf("\n");
            }
        }*/

        if(U_FAILURE(err) || uDestLen != uTargetLength || uTarget[uTargetLength] != 0xfff0) {
            failed = TRUE;
        }
        for(i=0; i< uSrcLen; i++){
            if(uTarget[i] != src16[i]){
                log_verbose("u_strFromUTF8() failed expected: \\u%04X got: \\u%04X at index: %i \n", src16[i] ,uTarget[i],i);
                failed =TRUE;
            }
        }
        if(failed){
            log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8(after preflighting) failed\n");
        }

        free(u8Target);
        free(uTarget);
    }
    {
        u8SrcLen = -1;
        uTargetLength = 0;
        uSrcLen =-1;
        u8TargetLength=0;
        failed = FALSE;
        /* preflight */
        u_strToUTF8(NULL,u8TargetLength, &u8DestLen, uSrc, uSrcLen,&err);
        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
            err = U_ZERO_ERROR;       
            u8Target = (char*) malloc (sizeof(uint8_t) * (u8DestLen+1));
            u8TargetLength = u8DestLen;
        
            u_strToUTF8(u8Target,u8TargetLength, &u8DestLen, uSrc, uSrcLen,&err);

        }
        else {
            log_err("Should have gotten U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR");
        }
        failed = FALSE;
        /*for(i=0; i< u8DestLen; i++){
            printf("0x%04X, ",u8Target[i]);
            if(i%10==0){
                printf("\n");
            }
        }*/
        /*for(i=0; i< u8DestLen; i++){
            if(u8Target[i] != src8[i]){
                log_verbose("u_strToUTF8() failed expected: %04X got: %04X \n", src8[i], u8Target[i]);
                failed =TRUE;
            }
        }
        if(failed){
            log_err("u_strToUTF8() failed \n");
        }*/
        u8Src = u8Target;
        u8SrcLen = u8DestLen;

        /* preflight */
        u_strFromUTF8(NULL,uTargetLength,&uDestLen,u8Src,u8SrcLen,&err);
        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
            err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
            uTarget = (UChar*) malloc( sizeof(UChar) * (uDestLen+1));
            uTargetLength =  uDestLen;

            u_strFromUTF8(uTarget,uTargetLength,&uDestLen,u8Src,u8SrcLen,&err);
        }
        else {
            log_err("Should have gotten U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR");
        }
        /*for(i=0; i< uDestLen; i++){
            printf("0x%04X, ",uTarget[i]);
            if(i%10==0){
                printf("\n");
            }
        }*/
        
        for(i=0; i< uSrcLen; i++){
            if(uTarget[i] != src16[i]){
                log_verbose("u_strFromUTF8() failed expected: \\u%04X got: \\u%04X at index: %i \n", src16[i] ,uTarget[i],i);
                failed =TRUE;
            }
        }
        if(failed){
            log_err("u_strToUTF8() failed \n");
        }

        free(u8Target);
        free(uTarget);
    }

    /* test UTF-8 with single surrogates - illegal in Unicode 3.2 */
    {
        static const UChar
            withLead16[]={ 0x1800, 0xd89a, 0x0061 },
            withTrail16[]={ 0x1800, 0xdcba, 0x0061, 0 },
            withTrail16SubFFFD[]={ 0x1800, 0xfffd, 0x0061, 0 }, /* sub==U+FFFD */
            withTrail16Sub50005[]={ 0x1800, 0xd900, 0xdc05, 0x0061, 0 }; /* sub==U+50005 */
        static const uint8_t
            withLead8[]={ 0xe1, 0xa0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xa2, 0x9a, 0x61 },
            withTrail8[]={ 0xe1, 0xa0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xb2, 0xba, 0x61, 0 },
            withTrail8Sub1A[]={ 0xe1, 0xa0, 0x80, 0x1a, 0x61, 0 }, /* sub==U+001A */
            withTrail8SubFFFD[]={ 0xe1, 0xa0, 0x80, 0xef, 0xbf, 0xbd, 0x61, 0 }; /* sub==U+FFFD */
        UChar out16[10];
        char out8[10];

        if(
            (err=U_ZERO_ERROR, u_strToUTF8(out8, LENGTHOF(out8), NULL, withLead16, LENGTHOF(withLead16), &err), err!=U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) ||
            (err=U_ZERO_ERROR, u_strToUTF8(out8, LENGTHOF(out8), NULL, withTrail16, -1, &err), err!=U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) ||
            (err=U_ZERO_ERROR, u_strFromUTF8(out16, LENGTHOF(out16), NULL, (const char *)withLead8, LENGTHOF(withLead8), &err), err!=U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) ||
            (err=U_ZERO_ERROR, u_strFromUTF8(out16, LENGTHOF(out16), NULL, (const char *)withTrail8, -1, &err), err!=U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND)
        ) {
            log_err("error: u_strTo/FromUTF8(string with single surrogate) fails to report error\n");
        }

        /* test error handling with substitution characters */

        /* from UTF-8 with length */
        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        numSubstitutions=-1;
        out16[0]=0x55aa;
        uDestLen=0;
        u_strFromUTF8WithSub(out16, LENGTHOF(out16), &uDestLen,
                             (const char *)withTrail8, uprv_strlen((const char *)withTrail8),
                             0x50005, &numSubstitutions,
                             &err);
        if(U_FAILURE(err) || uDestLen!=u_strlen(withTrail16Sub50005) ||
                             0!=u_memcmp(withTrail16Sub50005, out16, uDestLen+1) ||
                             numSubstitutions!=1) {
            log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8WithSub(length) failed\n");
        }

        /* from UTF-8 with NUL termination */
        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        numSubstitutions=-1;
        out16[0]=0x55aa;
        uDestLen=0;
        u_strFromUTF8WithSub(out16, LENGTHOF(out16), &uDestLen,
                             (const char *)withTrail8, -1,
                             0xfffd, &numSubstitutions,
                             &err);
        if(U_FAILURE(err) || uDestLen!=u_strlen(withTrail16SubFFFD) ||
                             0!=u_memcmp(withTrail16SubFFFD, out16, uDestLen+1) ||
                             numSubstitutions!=1) {
            log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8WithSub(NUL termination) failed\n");
        }

        /* preflight from UTF-8 with NUL termination */
        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        numSubstitutions=-1;
        out16[0]=0x55aa;
        uDestLen=0;
        u_strFromUTF8WithSub(out16, 1, &uDestLen,
                             (const char *)withTrail8, -1,
                             0x50005, &numSubstitutions,
                             &err);
        if(err!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || uDestLen!=u_strlen(withTrail16Sub50005) || numSubstitutions!=1) {
            log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8WithSub(preflight/NUL termination) failed\n");
        }

        /* to UTF-8 with length */
        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        numSubstitutions=-1;
        out8[0]=(char)0xf5;
        u8DestLen=0;
        u_strToUTF8WithSub(out8, LENGTHOF(out8), &u8DestLen,
                           withTrail16, u_strlen(withTrail16),
                           0xfffd, &numSubstitutions,
                           &err);
        if(U_FAILURE(err) || u8DestLen!=uprv_strlen((const char *)withTrail8SubFFFD) ||
                             0!=uprv_memcmp((const char *)withTrail8SubFFFD, out8, u8DestLen+1) ||
                             numSubstitutions!=1) {
            log_err("error: u_strToUTF8WithSub(length) failed\n");
        }

        /* to UTF-8 with NUL termination */
        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        numSubstitutions=-1;
        out8[0]=(char)0xf5;
        u8DestLen=0;
        u_strToUTF8WithSub(out8, LENGTHOF(out8), &u8DestLen,
                           withTrail16, -1,
                           0x1a, &numSubstitutions,
                           &err);
        if(U_FAILURE(err) || u8DestLen!=uprv_strlen((const char *)withTrail8Sub1A) ||
                             0!=uprv_memcmp((const char *)withTrail8Sub1A, out8, u8DestLen+1) ||
                             numSubstitutions!=1) {
            log_err("error: u_strToUTF8WithSub(NUL termination) failed\n");
        }

        /* preflight to UTF-8 with NUL termination */
        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        numSubstitutions=-1;
        out8[0]=(char)0xf5;
        u8DestLen=0;
        u_strToUTF8WithSub(out8, 1, &u8DestLen,
                           withTrail16, -1,
                           0xfffd, &numSubstitutions,
                           &err);
        if(err!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || u8DestLen!=uprv_strlen((const char *)withTrail8SubFFFD) ||
                                           numSubstitutions!=1) {
            log_err("error: u_strToUTF8WithSub(preflight/NUL termination) failed\n");
        }

        /* test that numSubstitutions==0 if there are no substitutions */

        /* from UTF-8 with length (just first 3 bytes which are valid) */
        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        numSubstitutions=-1;
        out16[0]=0x55aa;
        uDestLen=0;
        u_strFromUTF8WithSub(out16, LENGTHOF(out16), &uDestLen,
                             (const char *)withTrail8, 3,
                             0x50005, &numSubstitutions,
                             &err);
        if(U_FAILURE(err) || uDestLen!=1 ||
                             0!=u_memcmp(withTrail16Sub50005, out16, uDestLen) ||
                             numSubstitutions!=0) {
            log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8WithSub(no subs) failed\n");
        }

        /* to UTF-8 with length (just first UChar which is valid) */
        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        numSubstitutions=-1;
        out8[0]=(char)0xf5;
        u8DestLen=0;
        u_strToUTF8WithSub(out8, LENGTHOF(out8), &u8DestLen,
                           withTrail16, 1,
                           0xfffd, &numSubstitutions,
                           &err);
        if(U_FAILURE(err) || u8DestLen!=3 ||
                             0!=uprv_memcmp((const char *)withTrail8SubFFFD, out8, u8DestLen) ||
                             numSubstitutions!=0) {
            log_err("error: u_strToUTF8WithSub(no subs) failed\n");
        }

        /* test that numSubstitutions==0 if subchar==U_SENTINEL (no subchar) */

        /* from UTF-8 with length (just first 3 bytes which are valid) */
        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        numSubstitutions=-1;
        out16[0]=0x55aa;
        uDestLen=0;
        u_strFromUTF8WithSub(out16, LENGTHOF(out16), &uDestLen,
                             (const char *)withTrail8, 3,
                             U_SENTINEL, &numSubstitutions,
                             &err);
        if(U_FAILURE(err) || uDestLen!=1 ||
                             0!=u_memcmp(withTrail16Sub50005, out16, uDestLen) ||
                             numSubstitutions!=0) {
            log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8WithSub(no subchar) failed\n");
        }

        /* to UTF-8 with length (just first UChar which is valid) */
        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        numSubstitutions=-1;
        out8[0]=(char)0xf5;
        u8DestLen=0;
        u_strToUTF8WithSub(out8, LENGTHOF(out8), &u8DestLen,
                           withTrail16, 1,
                           U_SENTINEL, &numSubstitutions,
                           &err);
        if(U_FAILURE(err) || u8DestLen!=3 ||
                             0!=uprv_memcmp((const char *)withTrail8SubFFFD, out8, u8DestLen) ||
                             numSubstitutions!=0) {
            log_err("error: u_strToUTF8WithSub(no subchar) failed\n");
        }
    }
    {
        /*
         * Test with an illegal lead byte that would be followed by more than 3 trail bytes.
         * See ticket #10371.
         */
        static const char src[1]={ (char)0xf8 };
        UChar out16[10];
        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        u_strFromUTF8(out16, LENGTHOF(out16), NULL, src, 1, &err);
        if(err!=U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
            log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8(5-byte lead byte) failed\n");
        }
    }
}

/* compare if two strings are equal, but match 0xfffd in the second string with anything in the first */
static UBool
equalAnyFFFD(const UChar *s, const UChar *t, int32_t length) {
    UChar c1, c2;

    while(length>0) {
        c1=*s++;
        c2=*t++;
        if(c1!=c2 && c2!=0xfffd) {
            return FALSE;
        }
        --length;
    }
    return TRUE;
}

/* test u_strFromUTF8Lenient() */
static void
Test_FromUTF8(void) {
    /*
     * Test case from icu-support list 20071130 "u_strFromUTF8() returns U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND(10)"
     */
    static const uint8_t bytes[]={ 0xe0, 0xa5, 0x9c, 0 };
    UChar dest[64];
    UChar *destPointer;
    int32_t destLength;
    UErrorCode errorCode;

    /* 3 bytes input, one UChar output (U+095C) */
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    destLength=-99;
    destPointer=u_strFromUTF8(NULL, 0, &destLength, (const char *)bytes, 3, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || destPointer!=NULL || destLength!=1) {
        log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8(preflight srcLength=3) fails: destLength=%ld - %s\n",
                (long)destLength, u_errorName(errorCode));
    }

    /* 4 bytes input, two UChars output (U+095C U+0000) */
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    destLength=-99;
    destPointer=u_strFromUTF8(NULL, 0, &destLength, (const char *)bytes, 4, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || destPointer!=NULL || destLength!=2) {
        log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8(preflight srcLength=4) fails: destLength=%ld - %s\n",
                (long)destLength, u_errorName(errorCode));
    }

    /* NUL-terminated 3 bytes input, one UChar output (U+095C) */
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    destLength=-99;
    destPointer=u_strFromUTF8(NULL, 0, &destLength, (const char *)bytes, -1, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || destPointer!=NULL || destLength!=1) {
        log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8(preflight srcLength=-1) fails: destLength=%ld - %s\n",
                (long)destLength, u_errorName(errorCode));
    }

    /* 3 bytes input, one UChar output (U+095C), transform not just preflight */
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    dest[0]=dest[1]=99;
    destLength=-99;
    destPointer=u_strFromUTF8(dest, LENGTHOF(dest), &destLength, (const char *)bytes, 3, &errorCode);
    if(U_FAILURE(errorCode) || destPointer!=dest || destLength!=1 || dest[0]!=0x95c || dest[1]!=0) {
        log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8(transform srcLength=3) fails: destLength=%ld - %s\n",
                (long)destLength, u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
}

/* test u_strFromUTF8Lenient() */
static void
Test_FromUTF8Lenient(void) {
    /*
     * Multiple input strings, each NUL-terminated.
     * Terminate with a string starting with 0xff.
     */
    static const uint8_t bytes[]={
        /* well-formed UTF-8 */
        0x61,  0xc3, 0x9f,  0xe0, 0xa0, 0x80,  0xf0, 0xa0, 0x80, 0x80,
        0x62,  0xc3, 0xa0,  0xe0, 0xa0, 0x81,  0xf0, 0xa0, 0x80, 0x81, 0,

        /* various malformed sequences */
        0xc3, 0xc3, 0x9f,  0xc3, 0xa0,  0xe0, 0x80, 0x8a,  0xf0, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0,

        /* truncated input */
        0xc3, 0,
        0xe0, 0,
        0xe0, 0xa0, 0,
        0xf0, 0,
        0xf0, 0x90, 0,
        0xf0, 0x90, 0x80, 0,

        /* non-ASCII characters in the last few bytes */
        0x61,  0xc3, 0x9f,  0xe0, 0xa0, 0x80, 0,
        0x61,  0xe0, 0xa0, 0x80,  0xc3, 0x9f, 0,

        /* empty string */
        0,

        /* finish */
        0xff, 0
    };

    /* Multiple output strings, each NUL-terminated. 0xfffd matches anything. */
    static const UChar uchars[]={
        0x61, 0xdf, 0x800,  0xd840, 0xdc00,
        0x62, 0xe0, 0x801,  0xd840, 0xdc01,  0,

        0xfffd, 0x9f, 0xe0, 0xa,  0xfffd, 0xfffd,  0,

        0xfffd, 0,
        0xfffd, 0,
        0xfffd, 0,
        0xfffd, 0,
        0xfffd, 0,
        0xfffd, 0,

        0x61, 0xdf, 0x800,  0,
        0x61, 0x800, 0xdf,  0,

        0,

        0
    };

    UChar dest[64];
    const char *pb;
    const UChar *pu, *pDest;
    int32_t srcLength, destLength0, destLength;
    int number;
    UErrorCode errorCode;

    /* verify checking for some illegal arguments */
    dest[0]=0x1234;
    destLength=-1;
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, 1, &destLength, NULL, -1, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=0x1234) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(src=NULL) failed\n");
    }

    dest[0]=0x1234;
    destLength=-1;
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(NULL, 1, &destLength, (const char *)bytes, -1, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest=NULL[1]) failed\n");
    }

    dest[0]=0x1234;
    destLength=-1;
    errorCode=U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
    pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, 1, &destLength, (const char *)bytes, -1, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR || dest[0]!=0x1234) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR) failed\n");
    }

    dest[0]=0x1234;
    destLength=-1;
    errorCode=U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
    pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, 1, &destLength, (const char *)bytes, -1, NULL);
    if(dest[0]!=0x1234) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(pErrorCode=NULL) failed\n");
    }

    /* test normal behavior */
    number=0; /* string number for log_err() */

    for(pb=(const char *)bytes, pu=uchars;
        *pb!=(char)0xff;
        pb+=srcLength+1, pu+=destLength0+1, ++number
    ) {
        srcLength=uprv_strlen(pb);
        destLength0=u_strlen(pu);

        /* preflighting with NUL-termination */
        dest[0]=0x1234;
        destLength=-1;
        errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(NULL, 0, &destLength, pb, -1, &errorCode);
        if (errorCode!= (destLength0==0 ? U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING : U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR) ||
            pDest!=NULL || dest[0]!=0x1234 || destLength!=destLength0
        ) {
            log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d preflighting with NUL-termination) failed\n", number);
        }

        /* preflighting/some capacity with NUL-termination */
        if(srcLength>0) {
            dest[destLength0-1]=0x1234;
            destLength=-1;
            errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
            pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, destLength0-1, &destLength, pb, -1, &errorCode);
            if (errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR ||
                dest[destLength0-1]!=0x1234 || destLength!=destLength0
            ) {
                log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d preflighting/some capacity with NUL-termination) failed\n", number);
            }
        }

        /* conversion with NUL-termination, much capacity */
        dest[0]=dest[destLength0]=0x1234;
        destLength=-1;
        errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, LENGTHOF(dest), &destLength, pb, -1, &errorCode);
        if (errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR ||
            pDest!=dest || dest[destLength0]!=0 ||
            destLength!=destLength0 || !equalAnyFFFD(dest, pu, destLength)
        ) {
            log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d conversion with NUL-termination, much capacity) failed\n", number);
        }

        /* conversion with NUL-termination, exact capacity */
        dest[0]=dest[destLength0]=0x1234;
        destLength=-1;
        errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, destLength0, &destLength, pb, -1, &errorCode);
        if (errorCode!=U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING ||
            pDest!=dest || dest[destLength0]!=0x1234 ||
            destLength!=destLength0 || !equalAnyFFFD(dest, pu, destLength)
        ) {
            log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d conversion with NUL-termination, exact capacity) failed\n", number);
        }

        /* preflighting with length */
        dest[0]=0x1234;
        destLength=-1;
        errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(NULL, 0, &destLength, pb, srcLength, &errorCode);
        if (errorCode!= (destLength0==0 ? U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING : U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR) ||
            pDest!=NULL || dest[0]!=0x1234 || destLength!=srcLength
        ) {
            log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d preflighting with length) failed\n", number);
        }

        /* preflighting/some capacity with length */
        if(srcLength>0) {
            dest[srcLength-1]=0x1234;
            destLength=-1;
            errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
            pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, srcLength-1, &destLength, pb, srcLength, &errorCode);
            if (errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR ||
                dest[srcLength-1]!=0x1234 || destLength!=srcLength
            ) {
                log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d preflighting/some capacity with length) failed\n", number);
            }
        }

        /* conversion with length, much capacity */
        dest[0]=dest[destLength0]=0x1234;
        destLength=-1;
        errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, LENGTHOF(dest), &destLength, pb, srcLength, &errorCode);
        if (errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR ||
            pDest!=dest || dest[destLength0]!=0 ||
            destLength!=destLength0 || !equalAnyFFFD(dest, pu, destLength)
        ) {
            log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d conversion with length, much capacity) failed\n", number);
        }

        /* conversion with length, srcLength capacity */
        dest[0]=dest[srcLength]=dest[destLength0]=0x1234;
        destLength=-1;
        errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, srcLength, &destLength, pb, srcLength, &errorCode);
        if(srcLength==destLength0) {
            if (errorCode!=U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING ||
                pDest!=dest || dest[destLength0]!=0x1234 ||
                destLength!=destLength0 || !equalAnyFFFD(dest, pu, destLength)
            ) {
                log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d conversion with length, srcLength capacity/not terminated) failed\n", number);
            }
        } else {
            if (errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR ||
                pDest!=dest || dest[destLength0]!=0 ||
                destLength!=destLength0 || !equalAnyFFFD(dest, pu, destLength)
            ) {
                log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d conversion with length, srcLength capacity/terminated) failed\n", number);
            }
        }
    }
}

static const uint16_t src16j[] = {
    0x0043, 0x0044, 0x0045, 0x0046, 0x0047, 0x0048, 0x0049, 0x004A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x004B, 0x004C, 0x004D, 0x004E, 0x004F, 0x0050, 0x0051, 0x0052, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x0053, 0x0054, 0x0055, 0x0056, 0x0057, 0x0058, 0x0059, 0x005A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x0053, 0x0054, 0x0055, 0x0056, 0x0057, 0x0058, 0x0059, 0x005A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
    0x0000,
    /* Test only ASCII */

};
static const uint16_t src16WithNulls[] = {
    0x0043, 0x0044, 0x0045, 0x0046, 0x0047, 0x0000,
    0x0048, 0x0049, 0x004A, 0x000D, 0x000A, 0x0000,
    0x004B, 0x004C, 0x004D, 0x004E, 0x004F, 0x0000,
    0x0050, 0x0051, 0x0052, 0x000D, 0x000A, 0x0000,
    0x0053, 0x0054, 0x0055, 0x0056, 0x0057, 0x0000,
    0x0058, 0x0059, 0x005A, 0x000D, 0x000A, 0x0000,
    0x0053, 0x0054, 0x0055, 0x0056, 0x0057, 0x0000,
    0x0058, 0x0059, 0x005A, 0x000D, 0x000A, 0x0000,
    /* test only ASCII */
    /* 
    0x00A8, 0x00A9, 0x00AA, 0x00AB, 0x00AC, 0x00AD,
    0x00AE, 0x00AF, 0x00B0, 0x00B1, 0x00B2, 0x00B3, 0x00B4, 0x00B5, 0x00B6, 0x00B7,
    0x00B8, 0x00B9, 0x00BA, 0x00BB, 0x00BC, 0x00BD, 0x00BE, 0x00BF, 0x00C0, 0x00C1,
    0x00C2, 0x00C3, 0x00C4, 0x00C5, 0x00C6, 0x00C7, 0x00C8, 0x00C9, 0x00CA, 0x00CB,
    0x00CC, 0x00CD, 0x00CE, 0x00CF, 0x00D0, 0x00D1, 0x00D2, 0x00D3, 0x00D4, 0x00D5, 
    0x00D6, 0x00D7, 0x00D8, 0x00D9, 0x00DA, 0x00DB, 0x00DC, 0x00DD, 0x00DE, 0x00DF, 
    0x00E0, 0x00E1, 0x00E2, 0x00E3, 0x00E4, 0x00E5, 0x00E6, 0x00E7, 0x00E8, 0x00E9,
    0x0054, 0x0000 */

};
static void Test_UChar_WCHART_API(void){
#if (defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF16) || defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF32)) || (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION)
    UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    const UChar* uSrc = src16j;
    int32_t uSrcLen = sizeof(src16j)/2;
    wchar_t* wDest = NULL;
    int32_t wDestLen = 0;
    int32_t reqLen= 0 ;
    UBool failed = FALSE;
    UChar* uDest = NULL;
    int32_t uDestLen = 0;
    int i =0;
    {
        /* Bad UErrorCode arguments. Make sure that the API doesn't crash, and that Purify doesn't complain. */
        if (u_strFromWCS(NULL,0,NULL,NULL,0,NULL) != NULL) {
            log_err("u_strFromWCS() should return NULL with a bad argument\n");
        }
        if (u_strToWCS(NULL,0,NULL,NULL,0,NULL) != NULL) {
            log_err("u_strToWCS() should return NULL with a bad argument\n");
        }

        /* NULL source & destination. */
        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        u_strFromWCS(NULL,0,NULL,NULL,0,&err);
        if (err != U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING) {
            log_err("u_strFromWCS(NULL, NULL) failed. Error: %s \n", u_errorName(err));
        }
        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        u_strToWCS(NULL,0,NULL,NULL,0,&err);
        if (err != U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING) {
            log_err("u_strToWCS(NULL, NULL) failed. Error: %s \n", u_errorName(err));
        }
        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;

        /* pre-flight*/
        u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,uSrcLen-1,&err);

        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
            err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
            wDest =(wchar_t*) malloc(sizeof(wchar_t) * (reqLen+1));
            wDestLen = reqLen+1;
            u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,uSrcLen-1,&err);
        }

        /* pre-flight */
        u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,reqLen,&err);
        

        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
            err =U_ZERO_ERROR;
            uDest = (UChar*) malloc(sizeof(UChar) * (reqLen+1));
            uDestLen = reqLen + 1;
            u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,reqLen,&err);
        }else if(U_FAILURE(err)){

            log_err("u_strFromWCS() failed. Error: %s \n", u_errorName(err));
            return;
        }

        for(i=0; i< uSrcLen; i++){
            if(uDest[i] != src16j[i]){
                log_verbose("u_str*WCS() failed for unterminated string expected: \\u%04X got: \\u%04X at index: %i \n", src16j[i] ,uDest[i],i);
                failed =TRUE;
            }
        }

        if(U_FAILURE(err)){
            failed = TRUE;
        }
        if(failed){
            log_err("u_strToWCS() failed \n");
        }
        free(wDest);
        free(uDest);
        
       
        /* test with embeded nulls */
        uSrc = src16WithNulls;
        uSrcLen = sizeof(src16WithNulls)/2;
        wDestLen =0;
        uDestLen =0;
        wDest = NULL;
        uDest = NULL;
        /* pre-flight*/
        u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,uSrcLen-1,&err);

        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
            err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
            wDest =(wchar_t*) malloc(sizeof(wchar_t) * (reqLen+1));
            wDestLen = reqLen+1;
            u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,uSrcLen-1,&err);
        }

        /* pre-flight */
        u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,reqLen,&err);

        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
            err =U_ZERO_ERROR;
            uDest = (UChar*) malloc(sizeof(UChar) * (reqLen+1));
            uDestLen = reqLen + 1;
            u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,reqLen,&err);
        }
    
        if(!U_FAILURE(err)) {
         for(i=0; i< uSrcLen; i++){
            if(uDest[i] != src16WithNulls[i]){
                log_verbose("u_str*WCS() failed for string with nulls expected: \\u%04X got: \\u%04X at index: %i \n", src16WithNulls[i] ,uDest[i],i);
                failed =TRUE;
            }
         }
        }

        if(U_FAILURE(err)){
            failed = TRUE;
        }
        if(failed){
            log_err("u_strToWCS() failed \n");
        }
        free(wDest);
        free(uDest);

    }

    {
        
        uSrc = src16j;
        uSrcLen = sizeof(src16j)/2;
        wDestLen =0;
        uDestLen =0;
        wDest = NULL;
        uDest = NULL;
        wDestLen = 0;
        /* pre-flight*/
        u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,-1,&err);

        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
            err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
            wDest =(wchar_t*) malloc(sizeof(wchar_t) * (reqLen+1));
            wDestLen = reqLen+1;
            u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,-1,&err);
        }
        uDestLen = 0;
        /* pre-flight */
        u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,-1,&err);

        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
            err =U_ZERO_ERROR;
            uDest = (UChar*) malloc(sizeof(UChar) * (reqLen+1));
            uDestLen = reqLen + 1;
            u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,-1,&err);
        }
    

        if(!U_FAILURE(err)) {
         for(i=0; i< uSrcLen; i++){
            if(uDest[i] != src16j[i]){
                log_verbose("u_str*WCS() failed for null terminated string expected: \\u%04X got: \\u%04X at index: %i \n", src16j[i] ,uDest[i],i);
                failed =TRUE;
            }
         }
        }

        if(U_FAILURE(err)){
            failed = TRUE;
        }
        if(failed){
            log_err("u_strToWCS() failed \n");
        }
        free(wDest);
        free(uDest);
    }

    /*
     * Test u_terminateWChars().
     * All u_terminateXYZ() use the same implementation macro;
     * we test this function to improve API coverage.
     */
    {
        wchar_t buffer[10];

        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        buffer[3]=0x20ac;
        wDestLen=u_terminateWChars(buffer, LENGTHOF(buffer), 3, &err);
        if(err!=U_ZERO_ERROR || wDestLen!=3 || buffer[3]!=0) {
            log_err("u_terminateWChars(buffer, all, 3, zero) failed: %s length %d [3]==U+%04x\n",
                    u_errorName(err), wDestLen, buffer[3]);
        }

        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        buffer[3]=0x20ac;
        wDestLen=u_terminateWChars(buffer, 3, 3, &err);
        if(err!=U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING || wDestLen!=3 || buffer[3]!=0x20ac) {
            log_err("u_terminateWChars(buffer, 3, 3, zero) failed: %s length %d [3]==U+%04x\n",
                    u_errorName(err), wDestLen, buffer[3]);
        }

        err=U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING;
        buffer[3]=0x20ac;
        wDestLen=u_terminateWChars(buffer, LENGTHOF(buffer), 3, &err);
        if(err!=U_ZERO_ERROR || wDestLen!=3 || buffer[3]!=0) {
            log_err("u_terminateWChars(buffer, all, 3, not-terminated) failed: %s length %d [3]==U+%04x\n",
                    u_errorName(err), wDestLen, buffer[3]);
        }

        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        buffer[3]=0x20ac;
        wDestLen=u_terminateWChars(buffer, 2, 3, &err);
        if(err!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || wDestLen!=3 || buffer[3]!=0x20ac) {
            log_err("u_terminateWChars(buffer, 2, 3, zero) failed: %s length %d [3]==U+%04x\n",
                    u_errorName(err), wDestLen, buffer[3]);
        }
    }
#else
    log_info("Not testing u_str*WCS because (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION) and wchar is neither utf16 nor utf32");
#endif
} 

static void Test_widestrs()
{
#if (defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF16) || defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF32)) || (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION)
        wchar_t ws[100];
        UChar rts[100];
        int32_t wcap = sizeof(ws) / sizeof(*ws);
        int32_t wl;
        int32_t rtcap = sizeof(rts) / sizeof(*rts);
        int32_t rtl;
        wchar_t *wcs;
        UChar *cp;
        const char *errname;
        UChar ustr[] = {'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', 0};
        int32_t ul = sizeof(ustr)/sizeof(*ustr) -1;
        char astr[100];

        UErrorCode err;

        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        wcs = u_strToWCS(ws, wcap, &wl, ustr, ul, &err);
        if (U_FAILURE(err)) {
                errname = u_errorName(err);
                log_err("test_widestrs: u_strToWCS error: %s!\n",errname);
        }
        if(ul!=wl){
            log_err("u_strToWCS: ustr = %s, ul = %d, ws = %S, wl = %d!\n", u_austrcpy(astr, ustr), ul, ws, wl);
        }
        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        wl = (int32_t)uprv_wcslen(wcs);
        cp = u_strFromWCS(rts, rtcap, &rtl, wcs, wl, &err);
        (void)cp;    /* Suppress set but not used warning. */
        if (U_FAILURE(err)) {
                errname = u_errorName(err);
                fprintf(stderr, "test_widestrs: ucnv_wcstombs error: %s!\n",errname);
        }
        if(wl != rtl){
            log_err("u_strFromWCS: wcs = %S, wl = %d,rts = %s, rtl = %d!\n", wcs, wl, u_austrcpy(astr, rts), rtl);
        }
#else
    log_info("Not testing u_str*WCS because (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION) and wchar is neither utf16 nor utf32");
#endif
}

static void
Test_WCHART_LongString(){
#if (defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF16) || defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF32)) || (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION)
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    const char* testdatapath=loadTestData(&status);
    UResourceBundle *theBundle = ures_open(testdatapath, "testtypes", &status);
    int32_t strLen =0;
    const UChar* str = ures_getStringByKey(theBundle, "testinclude",&strLen,&status);
    const UChar* uSrc = str;
    int32_t uSrcLen = strLen;
    int32_t wDestLen =0, reqLen=0, i=0;
    int32_t uDestLen =0;
    wchar_t* wDest = NULL;
    UChar* uDest = NULL;
    UBool failed = FALSE;

    log_verbose("Loaded string of %d UChars\n", uSrcLen);

    if(U_FAILURE(status)){
        log_data_err("Could not get testinclude resource from testtypes bundle. Error: %s\n",u_errorName(status));
        return;
    }

    /* pre-flight*/
    u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,-1,&status);

    if(status == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
        status=U_ZERO_ERROR;
        wDest =(wchar_t*) malloc(sizeof(wchar_t) * (reqLen+1));
        wDestLen = reqLen+1;
        u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,-1,&status);
        log_verbose("To %d*%d-byte wchar_ts\n", reqLen,sizeof(wchar_t));
    }

    {
      int j;
      for(j=0;j>=0&&j<reqLen;j++) {
        if(wDest[j]!=uSrc[j]) {
          log_verbose("Diff %04X vs %04X @ %d\n", wDest[j],uSrc[j],j);
          break;
        }
      }
    }

    uDestLen = 0;
    /* pre-flight */
    u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,-1,&status);
    if(status == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
        status =U_ZERO_ERROR;
        uDest = (UChar*) malloc(sizeof(UChar) * (reqLen+1));
        u_memset(uDest,0xFFFF,reqLen+1);
        uDestLen = reqLen + 1;
        u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,-1,&status);
        log_verbose("Back to %d UChars\n", reqLen);
    }
#if defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF16)
    log_verbose("U_WCHAR_IS_UTF16\n");
#elif defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF32)
    log_verbose("U_WCHAR_IS_UTF32\n");
#else
    log_verbose("U_WCHAR_IS_idunno (not UTF)\n");
#endif

    if(reqLen!=uSrcLen) {
        log_err("Error: dest len is %d but expected src len %d\n", reqLen, uSrcLen);
    }

    for(i=0; i< uSrcLen; i++){
        if(uDest[i] != str[i]){
            log_verbose("u_str*WCS() failed for null terminated string expected: \\u%04X got: \\u%04X at index: %i \n", str[i], uDest[i],i);
            failed =TRUE;
        }
    }

    if(U_FAILURE(status)){
        failed = TRUE;
    }
    if(failed){
        log_err("u_strToWCS() failed \n");
    }
    free(wDest);
    free(uDest);
    /* close the bundle */
    ures_close(theBundle);    
#else
    log_info("Not testing u_str*WCS because (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION) and wchar is neither utf16 nor utf32");
#endif
}

static void Test_strToJavaModifiedUTF8() {
    static const UChar src[]={
        0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0xe1, 0xe2, 0xe3,
        0xe01, 0xe02, 0xe03, 0xe001, 0xe002, 0xe003,
        0xd800, 0xdc00, 0xdc00, 0xd800, 0,
        0xdbff, 0xdfff,
        0x64, 0x65, 0x66, 0x67, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6a, 0x6b, 0x6c, 0xed, 0xe0e, 0x6f
    };
    static const uint8_t expected[]={
        0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0xc3, 0xa1, 0xc3, 0xa2, 0xc3, 0xa3,
        0xe0, 0xb8, 0x81, 0xe0, 0xb8, 0x82, 0xe0, 0xb8, 0x83,
        0xee, 0x80, 0x81, 0xee, 0x80, 0x82, 0xee, 0x80, 0x83,
        0xed, 0xa0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xb0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xb0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xa0, 0x80, 0xc0, 0x80,
        0xed, 0xaf, 0xbf, 0xed, 0xbf, 0xbf,
        0x64, 0x65, 0x66, 0x67, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6a, 0x6b, 0x6c, 0xc3, 0xad, 0xe0, 0xb8, 0x8e, 0x6f
    };
    static const UChar shortSrc[]={
        0xe01, 0xe1, 0x61
    };
    static const uint8_t shortExpected[]={
        0xe0, 0xb8, 0x81, 0xc3, 0xa1, 0x61
    };
    static const UChar asciiNul[]={
        0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0
    };
    static const uint8_t asciiNulExpected[]={
        0x61, 0x62, 0x63
    };
    char dest[200];
    char *p;
    int32_t length, expectedTerminatedLength;
    UErrorCode errorCode;

    expectedTerminatedLength=(int32_t)(strstr((const char *)expected, "\xc0\x80")-
                                       (const char *)expected);

    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=-5;
    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
                              src, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
        dest[length]!=0
    ) {
        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(normal) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=-5;
    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), NULL,
                              src, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        0!=memcmp(dest, expected, LENGTHOF(expected)) ||
        dest[LENGTHOF(expected)]!=0
    ) {
        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(normal, pLength=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=-5;
    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, LENGTHOF(expected), &length,
                              src, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
    if( errorCode!=U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING || p!=dest ||
        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
        dest[length]!=(char)0xff
    ) {
        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(tight) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=-5;
    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length, src, -1, &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        length!=expectedTerminatedLength || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
        dest[length]!=0
    ) {
        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(NUL-terminated) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=-5;
    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), NULL, src, -1, &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        0!=memcmp(dest, expected, expectedTerminatedLength) ||
        dest[expectedTerminatedLength]!=0
    ) {
        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(NUL-terminated, pLength=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=-5;
    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, LENGTHOF(expected)/2, &length,
                              src, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
    if( errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR ||
        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || dest[LENGTHOF(expected)/2]!=(char)0xff
    ) {
        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(overflow) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=-5;
    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(NULL, 0, &length,
                              src, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
    if( errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR ||
        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || dest[0]!=(char)0xff
    ) {
        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(pure preflighting) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=-5;
    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
                              shortSrc, LENGTHOF(shortSrc), &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        length!=LENGTHOF(shortExpected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, shortExpected, length) ||
        dest[length]!=0
    ) {
        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(short) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=-5;
    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
                              asciiNul, -1, &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        length!=LENGTHOF(asciiNulExpected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, asciiNulExpected, length) ||
        dest[length]!=0
    ) {
        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(asciiNul) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=-5;
    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
                              NULL, 0, &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        length!=0 || dest[0]!=0
    ) {
        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(empty) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }

    /* illegal arguments */
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=-5;
    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(NULL, sizeof(dest), &length,
                              src, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=(char)0xff) {
        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=-5;
    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, -1, &length,
                              src, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=(char)0xff) {
        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(destCapacity<0) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=-5;
    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, sizeof(dest), &length,
                              NULL, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=(char)0xff) {
        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(src=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=-5;
    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, sizeof(dest), &length,
                              NULL, -1, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=(char)0xff) {
        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(src=NULL, srcLength<0) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
}

static void Test_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8() {
    static const uint8_t src[]={
        0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0xc3, 0xa1, 0xc3, 0xa2, 0xc3, 0xa3,
        0xe0, 0xb8, 0x81, 0xe0, 0xb8, 0x82, 0xe0, 0xb8, 0x83,
        0xee, 0x80, 0x81, 0xee, 0x80, 0x82, 0xee, 0x80, 0x83,
        0xed, 0xa0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xb0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xb0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xa0, 0x80, 0,
        0xed, 0xaf, 0xbf, 0xed, 0xbf, 0xbf,
        0x81, 0xc0, 0xe0, 0xb8, 0xf0, 0x90, 0x80, 0x80,  /* invalid sequences */
        0x64, 0x65, 0x66, 0x67, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6a, 0x6b,
        0xe0, 0x81, 0xac, 0xe0, 0x83, 0xad,  /* non-shortest forms are allowed */
        0xe0, 0xb8, 0x8e, 0x6f
    };
    static const UChar expected[]={
        0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0xe1, 0xe2, 0xe3,
        0xe01, 0xe02, 0xe03, 0xe001, 0xe002, 0xe003,
        0xd800, 0xdc00, 0xdc00, 0xd800, 0,
        0xdbff, 0xdfff,
        0xfffd, 0xfffd, 0xfffd, 0xfffd,
        0x64, 0x65, 0x66, 0x67, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6a, 0x6b,
        0x6c, 0xed,
        0xe0e, 0x6f
    };
    static const uint8_t shortSrc[]={
        0xe0, 0xb8, 0x81, 0xc3, 0xa1, 0x61
    };
    static const UChar shortExpected[]={
        0xe01, 0xe1, 0x61
    };
    static const uint8_t asciiNul[]={
        0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0
    };
    static const UChar asciiNulExpected[]={
        0x61, 0x62, 0x63
    };
    static const uint8_t invalid[]={
        0x81, 0xc0, 0xe0, 0xb8, 0xf0, 0x90, 0x80, 0x80
    };
    static const UChar invalidExpectedFFFD[]={
        0xfffd, 0xfffd, 0xfffd, 0xfffd
    };
    static const UChar invalidExpected50000[]={
        0xd900, 0xdc00, 0xd900, 0xdc00, 0xd900, 0xdc00, 0xd900, 0xdc00
    };
    UChar dest[200];
    UChar *p;
    int32_t length, expectedTerminatedLength;
    int32_t numSubstitutions;
    UErrorCode errorCode;

    expectedTerminatedLength=(int32_t)(u_strchr(expected, 0)-expected);

    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
        dest[length]!=0 ||
        numSubstitutions!=LENGTHOF(invalidExpectedFFFD)
    ) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(normal) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), NULL,
                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        0!=memcmp(dest, expected, LENGTHOF(expected)) ||
        dest[LENGTHOF(expected)]!=0 ||
        numSubstitutions!=LENGTHOF(invalidExpectedFFFD)
    ) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(normal, pLength=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
                                       0xfffd, NULL, &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
        dest[length]!=0
    ) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(normal, pNumSubstitutions=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, LENGTHOF(expected), &length,
                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if( errorCode!=U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING || p!=dest ||
        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
        dest[length]!=0xffff ||
        numSubstitutions!=LENGTHOF(invalidExpectedFFFD)
    ) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(tight) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       (const char *)src, -1,
                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        length!=expectedTerminatedLength || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
        dest[length]!=0 ||
        numSubstitutions!=0
    ) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(NUL-terminated) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), NULL,
                                       (const char *)src, -1,
                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        0!=memcmp(dest, expected, expectedTerminatedLength) ||
        dest[expectedTerminatedLength]!=0 ||
        numSubstitutions!=0
    ) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(NUL-terminated, pLength=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       (const char *)src, -1,
                                       0xfffd, NULL, &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        length!=expectedTerminatedLength || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
        dest[length]!=0
    ) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(NUL-terminated, pNumSubstitutions=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, LENGTHOF(expected)/2, &length,
                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if( errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR ||
        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || dest[LENGTHOF(expected)/2]!=0xffff
    ) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(overflow) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(NULL, 0, &length,
                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if( errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR ||
        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || dest[0]!=0xffff
    ) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(pure preflighting) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       (const char *)shortSrc, LENGTHOF(shortSrc),
                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        length!=LENGTHOF(shortExpected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, shortExpected, length) ||
        dest[length]!=0 ||
        numSubstitutions!=0
    ) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(short) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       (const char *)asciiNul, -1,
                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        length!=LENGTHOF(asciiNulExpected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, asciiNulExpected, length) ||
        dest[length]!=0 ||
        numSubstitutions!=0
    ) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(asciiNul) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       NULL, 0, 0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        length!=0 || dest[0]!=0 ||
        numSubstitutions!=0
    ) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(empty) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       (const char *)invalid, LENGTHOF(invalid),
                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        length!=LENGTHOF(invalidExpectedFFFD) || 0!=memcmp(dest, invalidExpectedFFFD, length) ||
        dest[length]!=0 ||
        numSubstitutions!=LENGTHOF(invalidExpectedFFFD)
    ) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(invalid->fffd) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       (const char *)invalid, LENGTHOF(invalid),
                                       0x50000, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
        length!=LENGTHOF(invalidExpected50000) || 0!=memcmp(dest, invalidExpected50000, length) ||
        dest[length]!=0 ||
        numSubstitutions!=LENGTHOF(invalidExpectedFFFD)  /* not ...50000 */
    ) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(invalid->50000) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       (const char *)invalid, LENGTHOF(invalid),
                                       U_SENTINEL, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND || dest[0]!=0xffff || numSubstitutions!=0) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(invalid->error) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
                                       U_SENTINEL, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if( errorCode!=U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND ||
        length>=LENGTHOF(expected) || dest[LENGTHOF(expected)-1]!=0xffff ||
        numSubstitutions!=0
    ) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(normal->error) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }

    /* illegal arguments */
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(NULL, sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=0xffff) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, -1, &length,
                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=0xffff) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(destCapacity<0) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       NULL, LENGTHOF(src),
                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=0xffff) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(src=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       NULL, -1, 0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=0xffff) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(src=NULL, srcLength<0) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
                                       0x110000, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=0xffff) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(subchar=U_SENTINEL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, sizeof(dest), &length,
                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
                                       0xdfff, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=0xffff) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(subchar is surrogate) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
    }
}

/* test that string transformation functions permit NULL source pointer when source length==0 */
static void TestNullEmptySource() {
    char dest8[4]={ 3, 3, 3, 3 };
    UChar dest16[4]={ 3, 3, 3, 3 };
    UChar32 dest32[4]={ 3, 3, 3, 3 };
#if (defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF16) || defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF32)) || (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION)
    wchar_t destW[4]={ 3, 3, 3, 3 };
#endif

    int32_t length;
    UErrorCode errorCode;

    /* u_strFromXyz() */

    dest16[0]=3;
    length=3;
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strFromUTF8(dest16, LENGTHOF(dest16), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest16[0]!=0 || dest16[1]!=3) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF8(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
    }

    dest16[0]=3;
    length=3;
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strFromUTF8WithSub(dest16, LENGTHOF(dest16), &length, NULL, 0, 0xfffd, NULL, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest16[0]!=0 || dest16[1]!=3) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF8WithSub(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
    }

    dest16[0]=3;
    length=3;
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest16, LENGTHOF(dest16), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest16[0]!=0 || dest16[1]!=3) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
    }

    dest16[0]=3;
    length=3;
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strFromUTF32(dest16, LENGTHOF(dest16), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest16[0]!=0 || dest16[1]!=3) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
    }

    dest16[0]=3;
    length=3;
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strFromUTF32WithSub(dest16, LENGTHOF(dest16), &length, NULL, 0, 0xfffd, NULL, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest16[0]!=0 || dest16[1]!=3) {
        log_err("u_strFromUTF32WithSub(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
    }

    dest16[0]=3;
    length=3;
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest16, LENGTHOF(dest16), &length, NULL, 0, 0xfffd, NULL, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest16[0]!=0 || dest16[1]!=3) {
        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
    }

    /* u_strToXyz() */

    dest8[0]=3;
    length=3;
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strToUTF8(dest8, LENGTHOF(dest8), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest8[0]!=0 || dest8[1]!=3) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF8(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
    }

    dest8[0]=3;
    length=3;
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strToUTF8WithSub(dest8, LENGTHOF(dest8), &length, NULL, 0, 0xfffd, NULL, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest8[0]!=0 || dest8[1]!=3) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF8(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
    }

    dest32[0]=3;
    length=3;
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strToUTF32(dest32, LENGTHOF(dest32), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest32[0]!=0 || dest32[1]!=3) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF32(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
    }

    dest32[0]=3;
    length=3;
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strToUTF32WithSub(dest32, LENGTHOF(dest32), &length, NULL, 0, 0xfffd, NULL, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest32[0]!=0 || dest32[1]!=3) {
        log_err("u_strToUTF32WithSub(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
    }

    dest8[0]=3;
    length=3;
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest8, LENGTHOF(dest8), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest8[0]!=0 || dest8[1]!=3) {
        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
    }

#if (defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF16) || defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF32)) || (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION)

    dest16[0]=3;
    length=3;
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strFromWCS(dest16, LENGTHOF(dest16), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest16[0]!=0 || dest16[1]!=3) {
        log_err("u_strFromWCS(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
    }

    destW[0]=3;
    length=3;
    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
    u_strToWCS(destW, LENGTHOF(destW), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || destW[0]!=0 || destW[1]!=3) {
        log_err("u_strToWCS(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
    }

#endif
}