/**
 * Copyright (C) 2006 Google Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.inject.internal;

import com.google.common.base.Function;
import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
import com.google.common.base.Joiner.MapJoiner;
import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
import com.google.common.cache.CacheBuilder;
import com.google.common.cache.CacheLoader;
import com.google.common.cache.LoadingCache;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
import com.google.common.collect.Maps;
import com.google.inject.BindingAnnotation;
import com.google.inject.Key;
import com.google.inject.ScopeAnnotation;
import com.google.inject.TypeLiteral;
import com.google.inject.internal.util.Classes;
import com.google.inject.name.Named;
import com.google.inject.name.Names;

import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Member;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.inject.Qualifier;

/**
 * Annotation utilities.
 *
 * @author crazybob@google.com (Bob Lee)
 */
public class Annotations {

  /**
   * Returns {@code true} if the given annotation type has no attributes.
   */
  public static boolean isMarker(Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType) {
    return annotationType.getDeclaredMethods().length == 0;
  }

  public static boolean isAllDefaultMethods(Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType) {
    boolean hasMethods = false;
    for (Method m : annotationType.getDeclaredMethods()) {
      hasMethods = true;
      if (m.getDefaultValue() == null) {
        return false;
      }
    }
    return hasMethods;
  }

  private static final LoadingCache<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> cache =
      CacheBuilder.newBuilder().weakKeys().build(
          new CacheLoader<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation>() {
            @Override
            public Annotation load(Class<? extends Annotation> input) {
              return generateAnnotationImpl(input);
            }
          });

  /**
   * Generates an Annotation for the annotation class. Requires that the annotation is all
   * optionals.
   */
  public static <T extends Annotation> T generateAnnotation(Class<T> annotationType) {
    Preconditions.checkState(
        isAllDefaultMethods(annotationType), "%s is not all default methods", annotationType);
    return (T)cache.getUnchecked(annotationType);
  }

  private static <T extends Annotation> T generateAnnotationImpl(final Class<T> annotationType) {
    final Map<String, Object> members = resolveMembers(annotationType);
    return annotationType.cast(Proxy.newProxyInstance(
        annotationType.getClassLoader(),
        new Class<?>[] { annotationType },
        new InvocationHandler() {
          @Override
          public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Exception {
            String name = method.getName();
            if (name.equals("annotationType")) {
              return annotationType;
            } else if (name.equals("toString")) {
              return annotationToString(annotationType, members);
            } else if (name.equals("hashCode")) {
              return annotationHashCode(annotationType, members);
            } else if (name.equals("equals")) {
              return annotationEquals(annotationType, members, args[0]);
            } else {
              return members.get(name);
            }
          }
        }));
  }

  private static ImmutableMap<String, Object> resolveMembers(
      Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType) {
    ImmutableMap.Builder<String, Object> result = ImmutableMap.builder();
    for (Method method : annotationType.getDeclaredMethods()) {
      result.put(method.getName(), method.getDefaultValue());
    }
    return result.build();
  }

  /** Implements {@link Annotation#equals}. */
  private static boolean annotationEquals(Class<? extends Annotation> type,
      Map<String, Object> members, Object other) throws Exception {
    if (!type.isInstance(other)) {
      return false;
    }
    for (Method method : type.getDeclaredMethods()) {
      String name = method.getName();
      if (!Arrays.deepEquals(
          new Object[] {method.invoke(other)}, new Object[] {members.get(name)})) {
        return false;
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  /** Implements {@link Annotation#hashCode}. */
  private static int annotationHashCode(Class<? extends Annotation> type,
      Map<String, Object> members) throws Exception {
    int result = 0;
    for (Method method : type.getDeclaredMethods()) {
      String name = method.getName();
      Object value = members.get(name);
      result += (127 * name.hashCode()) ^ (Arrays.deepHashCode(new Object[] {value}) - 31);
    }
    return result;
  }

  private static final MapJoiner JOINER = Joiner.on(", ").withKeyValueSeparator("=");

  private static final Function<Object, String> DEEP_TO_STRING_FN = new Function<Object, String>() {
    @Override
    public String apply(Object arg) {
      String s = Arrays.deepToString(new Object[] {arg});
      return s.substring(1, s.length() - 1); // cut off brackets
    }
  };

  /** Implements {@link Annotation#toString}. */
  private static String annotationToString(Class<? extends Annotation> type,
      Map<String, Object> members) throws Exception {
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder().append("@").append(type.getName()).append("(");
    JOINER.appendTo(sb, Maps.transformValues(members, DEEP_TO_STRING_FN));
    return sb.append(")").toString();
  }

  /**
   * Returns true if the given annotation is retained at runtime.
   */
  public static boolean isRetainedAtRuntime(Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType) {
    Retention retention = annotationType.getAnnotation(Retention.class);
    return retention != null && retention.value() == RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME;
  }

  /** Returns the scope annotation on {@code type}, or null if none is specified. */
  public static Class<? extends Annotation> findScopeAnnotation(
      Errors errors, Class<?> implementation) {
    return findScopeAnnotation(errors, implementation.getAnnotations());
  }

  /** Returns the scoping annotation, or null if there isn't one. */
  public static Class<? extends Annotation> findScopeAnnotation(Errors errors, Annotation[] annotations) {
    Class<? extends Annotation> found = null;

    for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
      Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType = annotation.annotationType();
      if (isScopeAnnotation(annotationType)) {
        if (found != null) {
          errors.duplicateScopeAnnotations(found, annotationType);
        } else {
          found = annotationType;
        }
      }
    }

    return found;
  }

  /**
   * Checks for the presence of annotations. Caches results because Android doesn't.
   */
  static class AnnotationChecker {
    private final Collection<Class<? extends Annotation>> annotationTypes;

    /** Returns true if the given class has one of the desired annotations. */
    private CacheLoader<Class<? extends Annotation>, Boolean> hasAnnotations =
        new CacheLoader<Class<? extends Annotation>, Boolean>() {
      public Boolean load(Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType) {
        for (Annotation annotation : annotationType.getAnnotations()) {
          if (annotationTypes.contains(annotation.annotationType())) {
            return true;
          }
        }
        return false;
      }
    };

    final LoadingCache<Class<? extends Annotation>, Boolean> cache = CacheBuilder.newBuilder().weakKeys()
        .build(hasAnnotations);

    /**
     * Constructs a new checker that looks for annotations of the given types.
     */
    AnnotationChecker(Collection<Class<? extends Annotation>> annotationTypes) {
      this.annotationTypes = annotationTypes;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the given type has one of the desired annotations.
     */
    boolean hasAnnotations(Class<? extends Annotation> annotated) {
      return cache.getUnchecked(annotated);
    }
  }

  private static final AnnotationChecker scopeChecker = new AnnotationChecker(
      Arrays.asList(ScopeAnnotation.class, javax.inject.Scope.class));

  public static boolean isScopeAnnotation(Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType) {
    return scopeChecker.hasAnnotations(annotationType);
  }

  /**
   * Adds an error if there is a misplaced annotations on {@code type}. Scoping
   * annotations are not allowed on abstract classes or interfaces.
   */
  public static void checkForMisplacedScopeAnnotations(
      Class<?> type, Object source, Errors errors) {
    if (Classes.isConcrete(type)) {
      return;
    }

    Class<? extends Annotation> scopeAnnotation = findScopeAnnotation(errors, type);
    if (scopeAnnotation != null) {
      errors.withSource(type).scopeAnnotationOnAbstractType(scopeAnnotation, type, source);
    }
  }

  /** Gets a key for the given type, member and annotations. */
  public static Key<?> getKey(TypeLiteral<?> type, Member member, Annotation[] annotations,
      Errors errors) throws ErrorsException {
    int numErrorsBefore = errors.size();
    Annotation found = findBindingAnnotation(errors, member, annotations);
    errors.throwIfNewErrors(numErrorsBefore);
    return found == null ? Key.get(type) : Key.get(type, found);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the binding annotation on {@code member}, or null if there isn't one.
   */
  public static Annotation findBindingAnnotation(
      Errors errors, Member member, Annotation[] annotations) {
    Annotation found = null;

    for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
      Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType = annotation.annotationType();
      if (isBindingAnnotation(annotationType)) {
        if (found != null) {
          errors.duplicateBindingAnnotations(member, found.annotationType(), annotationType);
        } else {
          found = annotation;
        }
      }
    }

    return found;
  }

  private static final AnnotationChecker bindingAnnotationChecker = new AnnotationChecker(
      Arrays.asList(BindingAnnotation.class, Qualifier.class));

  /**
   * Returns true if annotations of the specified type are binding annotations.
   */
  public static boolean isBindingAnnotation(Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType) {
    return bindingAnnotationChecker.hasAnnotations(annotationType);
  }

  /**
   * If the annotation is an instance of {@code javax.inject.Named}, canonicalizes to
   * com.google.guice.name.Named.  Returns the given annotation otherwise.
   */
  public static Annotation canonicalizeIfNamed(Annotation annotation) {
    if(annotation instanceof javax.inject.Named) {
      return Names.named(((javax.inject.Named)annotation).value());
    } else {
      return annotation;
    }
  }

  /**
   * If the annotation is the class {@code javax.inject.Named}, canonicalizes to
   * com.google.guice.name.Named. Returns the given annotation class otherwise.
   */
  public static Class<? extends Annotation> canonicalizeIfNamed(
      Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType) {
    if (annotationType == javax.inject.Named.class) {
      return Named.class;
    } else {
      return annotationType;
    }
  }
}