diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 089ac98..9e6d644 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -15,11 +15,20 @@
 include(CMakeDependentOption)
 include(GNUInstallDirs)
 
-#Note that googlemock target already builds googletest
+# Note that googlemock target already builds googletest.
 option(BUILD_GMOCK "Builds the googlemock subproject" ON)
 option(INSTALL_GTEST "Enable installation of googletest. (Projects embedding googletest may want to turn this OFF.)" ON)
 option(GTEST_HAS_ABSL "Use Abseil and RE2. Requires Abseil and RE2 to be separately added to the build." OFF)
 
+if(GTEST_HAS_ABSL)
+  if(NOT TARGET absl::base)
+    find_package(absl REQUIRED)
+  endif()
+  if(NOT TARGET re2::re2)
+    find_package(re2 REQUIRED)
+  endif()
+endif()
+
 if(BUILD_GMOCK)
   add_subdirectory( googlemock )
 else()
diff --git a/METADATA b/METADATA
index e2d05ce..7c59c9d 100644
--- a/METADATA
+++ b/METADATA
@@ -1,19 +1,20 @@
+# This project was upgraded with external_updater.
+# Usage: tools/external_updater/updater.sh update googletest
+# For more info, check https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/main:tools/external_updater/README.md
+
 name: "googletest"
-description: "Google's C++ test framework!"
+description: "Google\'s C++ test framework!"
 third_party {
-  url {
-    type: HOMEPAGE
-    value: "https://github.com/google/googletest"
-  }
-  url {
-    type: GIT
-    value: "https://github.com/google/googletest.git"
-  }
-  version: "e47544ad31cb3ceecd04cc13e8fe556f8df9fe0b"
   license_type: NOTICE
   last_upgrade_date {
-    year: 2023
-    month: 9
-    day: 27
+    year: 2024
+    month: 1
+    day: 23
+  }
+  homepage: "https://github.com/google/googletest"
+  identifier {
+    type: "Git"
+    value: "https://github.com/google/googletest.git"
+    version: "563ebf1769af08d448765c31064260e1a16fcced"
   }
 }
diff --git a/ci/linux-presubmit.sh b/ci/linux-presubmit.sh
index a1caa27..1e05998 100644
--- a/ci/linux-presubmit.sh
+++ b/ci/linux-presubmit.sh
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 
 set -euox pipefail
 
-readonly LINUX_LATEST_CONTAINER="gcr.io/google.com/absl-177019/linux_hybrid-latest:20230816"
+readonly LINUX_LATEST_CONTAINER="gcr.io/google.com/absl-177019/linux_hybrid-latest:20231218"
 readonly LINUX_GCC_FLOOR_CONTAINER="gcr.io/google.com/absl-177019/linux_gcc-floor:20230120"
 
 if [[ -z ${GTEST_ROOT:-} ]]; then
@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@
       --copt="-Wuninitialized" \
       --copt="-Wundef" \
       --copt="-Wno-error=pragmas" \
-      --distdir="/bazel-distdir" \
       --features=external_include_paths \
       --keep_going \
       --show_timestamps \
@@ -102,7 +101,7 @@
         --copt="-Wuninitialized" \
         --copt="-Wundef" \
         --define="absl=${absl}" \
-        --distdir="/bazel-distdir" \
+        --enable_bzlmod=false \
         --features=external_include_paths \
         --keep_going \
         --show_timestamps \
@@ -127,7 +126,7 @@
         --copt="-Wuninitialized" \
         --copt="-Wundef" \
         --define="absl=${absl}" \
-        --distdir="/bazel-distdir" \
+        --enable_bzlmod=false \
         --features=external_include_paths \
         --keep_going \
         --linkopt="--gcc-toolchain=/usr/local" \
diff --git a/ci/macos-presubmit.sh b/ci/macos-presubmit.sh
index 681ebc2..1033282 100644
--- a/ci/macos-presubmit.sh
+++ b/ci/macos-presubmit.sh
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
 # Test the Bazel build
 
 # If we are running on Kokoro, check for a versioned Bazel binary.
-KOKORO_GFILE_BAZEL_BIN="bazel-5.1.1-darwin-x86_64"
+KOKORO_GFILE_BAZEL_BIN="bazel-7.0.0-darwin-x86_64"
 if [[ ${KOKORO_GFILE_DIR:-} ]] && [[ -f ${KOKORO_GFILE_DIR}/${KOKORO_GFILE_BAZEL_BIN} ]]; then
   BAZEL_BIN="${KOKORO_GFILE_DIR}/${KOKORO_GFILE_BAZEL_BIN}"
   chmod +x ${BAZEL_BIN}
diff --git a/ci/windows-presubmit.bat b/ci/windows-presubmit.bat
index 48962eb..38565fb 100644
--- a/ci/windows-presubmit.bat
+++ b/ci/windows-presubmit.bat
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
 
-SET BAZEL_EXE=%KOKORO_GFILE_DIR%\bazel-5.1.1-windows-x86_64.exe
+SET BAZEL_EXE=%KOKORO_GFILE_DIR%\bazel-7.0.0-windows-x86_64.exe
 
 SET PATH=C:\Python34;%PATH%
 SET BAZEL_PYTHON=C:\python34\python.exe
@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@
   --compilation_mode=dbg ^
   --copt=/std:c++14 ^
   --copt=/WX ^
-  --features=external_include_paths ^
   --keep_going ^
   --test_output=errors ^
   --test_tag_filters=-no_test_msvc2017
diff --git a/docs/gmock_cook_book.md b/docs/gmock_cook_book.md
index da10918..5e9b664 100644
--- a/docs/gmock_cook_book.md
+++ b/docs/gmock_cook_book.md
@@ -1927,6 +1927,12 @@
                       action_n));
 ```
 
+The return value of the last action **must** match the return type of the mocked
+method. In the example above, `action_n` could be `Return(true)`, or a lambda
+that returns a `bool`, but not `SaveArg`, which returns `void`. Otherwise the
+signature of `DoAll` would not match the signature expected by `WillOnce`, which
+is the signature of the mocked method, and it wouldn't compile.
+
 ### Verifying Complex Arguments {#SaveArgVerify}
 
 If you want to verify that a method is called with a particular argument but the
diff --git a/docs/primer.md b/docs/primer.md
index 4901e1a..0f90c03 100644
--- a/docs/primer.md
+++ b/docs/primer.md
@@ -73,8 +73,8 @@
 Exercise a particular program path with specific input values and verify the results | [TEST()](#simple-tests) | [Test Case][istqb test case]
 
 
-[istqb test case]: https://glossary.istqb.org/en/search/test%20case
-[istqb test suite]: https://glossary.istqb.org/en/search/test%20suite
+[istqb test case]: https://glossary.istqb.org/en_US/term/test-case-2
+[istqb test suite]: https://glossary.istqb.org/en_US/term/test-suite-1-3
 
 ## Basic Concepts
 
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@
 
 To create a fixture:
 
-1.  Derive a class from `::testing::Test` . Start its body with `protected:`, as
+1.  Derive a class from `testing::Test` . Start its body with `protected:`, as
     we'll want to access fixture members from sub-classes.
 2.  Inside the class, declare any objects you plan to use.
 3.  If necessary, write a default constructor or `SetUp()` function to prepare
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@
 `FooTest` where `Foo` is the class being tested.
 
 ```c++
-class QueueTest : public ::testing::Test {
+class QueueTest : public testing::Test {
  protected:
   void SetUp() override {
      // q0_ remains empty
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@
 namespace {
 
 // The fixture for testing class Foo.
-class FooTest : public ::testing::Test {
+class FooTest : public testing::Test {
  protected:
   // You can remove any or all of the following functions if their bodies would
   // be empty.
@@ -450,14 +450,14 @@
 }  // namespace my
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
-  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+  testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
   return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
 }
 ```
 
-The `::testing::InitGoogleTest()` function parses the command line for
-GoogleTest flags, and removes all recognized flags. This allows the user to
-control a test program's behavior via various flags, which we'll cover in the
+The `testing::InitGoogleTest()` function parses the command line for GoogleTest
+flags, and removes all recognized flags. This allows the user to control a test
+program's behavior via various flags, which we'll cover in the
 [AdvancedGuide](advanced.md). You **must** call this function before calling
 `RUN_ALL_TESTS()`, or the flags won't be properly initialized.
 
diff --git a/docs/reference/mocking.md b/docs/reference/mocking.md
index ab37ebf..3ad4952 100644
--- a/docs/reference/mocking.md
+++ b/docs/reference/mocking.md
@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@
     .Times(cardinality)            // Can be used at most once
     .InSequence(sequences...)      // Can be used any number of times
     .After(expectations...)        // Can be used any number of times
-    .WillOnce(action)              // Can be used any number of times
-    .WillRepeatedly(action)        // Can be used at most once
+    .WillRepeatedly(action)        // Can be used any number of times
+    .WillOnce(action)              // Can be used at most once
     .RetiresOnSaturation();        // Can be used at most once
 ```
 
diff --git a/docs/reference/testing.md b/docs/reference/testing.md
index ead66b3..81640fd 100644
--- a/docs/reference/testing.md
+++ b/docs/reference/testing.md
@@ -1317,7 +1317,9 @@
 Initializes GoogleTest. This must be called before calling
 [`RUN_ALL_TESTS()`](#RUN_ALL_TESTS). In particular, it parses the command line
 for the flags that GoogleTest recognizes. Whenever a GoogleTest flag is seen, it
-is removed from `argv`, and `*argc` is decremented.
+is removed from `argv`, and `*argc` is decremented. Keep in mind that `argv`
+must terminate with a `NULL` pointer (i.e. `argv[argc]` is `NULL`), which is
+already the case with the default `argv` passed to `main`.
 
 No value is returned. Instead, the GoogleTest flag variables are updated.
 
diff --git a/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt b/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt
index a9aa072..428bd9f 100644
--- a/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 # CMake build script for Google Mock.
 #
 # To run the tests for Google Mock itself on Linux, use 'make test' or
-# ctest.  You can select which tests to run using 'ctest -R regex'.
+# ctest. You can select which tests to run using 'ctest -R regex'.
 # For more options, run 'ctest --help'.
 
 option(gmock_build_tests "Build all of Google Mock's own tests." OFF)
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 endif()
 
 # Instructs CMake to process Google Test's CMakeLists.txt and add its
-# targets to the current scope.  We are placing Google Test's binary
+# targets to the current scope. We are placing Google Test's binary
 # directory in a subdirectory of our own as VC compilation may break
 # if they are the same (the default).
 add_subdirectory("${gtest_dir}" "${gmock_BINARY_DIR}/${gtest_dir}")
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@
 endif()
 
 # Although Google Test's CMakeLists.txt calls this function, the
-# changes there don't affect the current scope.  Therefore we have to
+# changes there don't affect the current scope. Therefore we have to
 # call it again here.
-config_compiler_and_linker()  # from ${gtest_dir}/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
+config_compiler_and_linker() # from ${gtest_dir}/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
 
 # Adds Google Mock's and Google Test's header directories to the search path.
 set(gmock_build_include_dirs
@@ -75,10 +75,10 @@
 
 ########################################################################
 #
-# Defines the gmock & gmock_main libraries.  User tests should link
+# Defines the gmock & gmock_main libraries. User tests should link
 # with one of them.
 
-# Google Mock libraries.  We build them using more strict warnings than what
+# Google Mock libraries. We build them using more strict warnings than what
 # are used for other targets, to ensure that Google Mock can be compiled by
 # a user aggressive about warnings.
 if (MSVC)
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
 
 ########################################################################
 #
-# Install rules
+# Install rules.
 install_project(gmock gmock_main)
 
 ########################################################################
@@ -121,8 +121,8 @@
 # You can skip this section if you aren't interested in testing
 # Google Mock itself.
 #
-# The tests are not built by default.  To build them, set the
-# gmock_build_tests option to ON.  You can do it by running ccmake
+# The tests are not built by default. To build them, set the
+# gmock_build_tests option to ON. You can do it by running ccmake
 # or specifying the -Dgmock_build_tests=ON flag when running cmake.
 
 if (gmock_build_tests)
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@
   cxx_shared_library(shared_gmock_main "${cxx_default}"
     "${gtest_dir}/src/gtest-all.cc" src/gmock-all.cc src/gmock_main.cc)
 
-  # Tests that a binary can be built with Google Mock as a shared library.  On
+  # Tests that a binary can be built with Google Mock as a shared library. On
   # some system configurations, it may not possible to run the binary without
   # knowing more details about the system configurations. We do not try to run
   # this binary. To get a more robust shared library coverage, configure with
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h
index f20258b..fab9993 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h
@@ -135,6 +135,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #include <algorithm>
+#include <exception>
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
@@ -1746,6 +1747,13 @@
     return [copy](Args...) -> R { throw copy; };
   }
 };
+struct RethrowAction {
+  std::exception_ptr exception;
+  template <typename R, typename... Args>
+  operator Action<R(Args...)>() const {  // NOLINT
+    return [ex = exception](Args...) -> R { std::rethrow_exception(ex); };
+  }
+};
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 
 }  // namespace internal
@@ -2062,13 +2070,23 @@
   return {pointer};
 }
 
-// Action Throw(exception) can be used in a mock function of any type
-// to throw the given exception.  Any copyable value can be thrown.
 #if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
+// Action Throw(exception) can be used in a mock function of any type
+// to throw the given exception.  Any copyable value can be thrown,
+// except for std::exception_ptr, which is likely a mistake if
+// thrown directly.
 template <typename T>
-internal::ThrowAction<typename std::decay<T>::type> Throw(T&& exception) {
+typename std::enable_if<
+    !std::is_base_of<std::exception_ptr, typename std::decay<T>::type>::value,
+    internal::ThrowAction<typename std::decay<T>::type>>::type
+Throw(T&& exception) {
   return {std::forward<T>(exception)};
 }
+// Action Rethrow(exception_ptr) can be used in a mock function of any type
+// to rethrow any exception_ptr. Note that the same object is thrown each time.
+inline internal::RethrowAction Rethrow(std::exception_ptr exception) {
+  return {std::move(exception)};
+}
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 
 namespace internal {
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h
index bc994bd..9167ac2 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h
@@ -1050,7 +1050,7 @@
   template <typename MatcheeStringType>
   bool MatchAndExplain(const MatcheeStringType& s,
                        MatchResultListener* /* listener */) const {
-    const StringType& s2(s);
+    const StringType s2(s);
     return s2.length() >= prefix_.length() &&
            s2.substr(0, prefix_.length()) == prefix_;
   }
@@ -1104,7 +1104,7 @@
   template <typename MatcheeStringType>
   bool MatchAndExplain(const MatcheeStringType& s,
                        MatchResultListener* /* listener */) const {
-    const StringType& s2(s);
+    const StringType s2(s);
     return s2.length() >= suffix_.length() &&
            s2.substr(s2.length() - suffix_.length()) == suffix_;
   }
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-more-actions.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-more-actions.h
index 4030076..dd90e31 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-more-actions.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-more-actions.h
@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@
     internal::FlatTuple<Args &&...> args_tuple(FlatTupleConstructTag{},
                                                std::forward<Args>(args)...);
     return params.Apply([&](const Params &...unpacked_params) {
-      auto &&callable = args_tuple.template Get<index>();
+      auto &&callable = std::move(args_tuple.template Get<index>());
       return internal::InvokeArgument(
           std::forward<decltype(callable)>(callable), unpacked_params...);
     });
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock.h
index c0c7ce6..d32f5a6 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock.h
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@
 #include "gmock/gmock-more-actions.h"  // IWYU pragma: export
 #include "gmock/gmock-more-matchers.h"  // IWYU pragma: export
 #include "gmock/gmock-nice-strict.h"  // IWYU pragma: export
+#include "gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h"  // IWYU pragma: export
 #include "gmock/internal/gmock-internal-utils.h"
 #include "gmock/internal/gmock-port.h"
 
diff --git a/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc b/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc
index de89471..fb67ab0 100644
--- a/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc
+++ b/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc
@@ -490,6 +490,7 @@
   // failure, unless the user explicitly asked us to ignore it.
   ~MockObjectRegistry() {
     if (!GMOCK_FLAG_GET(catch_leaked_mocks)) return;
+    internal::MutexLock l(&internal::g_gmock_mutex);
 
     int leaked_count = 0;
     for (StateMap::const_iterator it = states_.begin(); it != states_.end();
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers-comparisons_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers-comparisons_test.cc
index b2ce99e..5b75b45 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers-comparisons_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers-comparisons_test.cc
@@ -1769,6 +1769,15 @@
   EXPECT_EQ("starts with \"Hi\"", Describe(m));
 }
 
+TEST(StartsWithTest, WorksWithStringMatcherOnStringViewMatchee) {
+#if GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STRING_VIEW
+  EXPECT_THAT(internal::StringView("talk to me goose"),
+              StartsWith(std::string("talk")));
+#else
+  GTEST_SKIP() << "Not applicable without internal::StringView.";
+#endif  // GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STRING_VIEW
+}
+
 // Tests EndsWith(s).
 
 TEST(EndsWithTest, MatchesStringWithGivenSuffix) {
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-more-actions_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-more-actions_test.cc
index 9980f3b..16af689 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-more-actions_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-more-actions_test.cc
@@ -85,6 +85,12 @@
   int operator()(bool x) { return x ? 1 : -1; }
 };
 
+struct UnaryMoveOnlyFunctor : UnaryFunctor {
+  UnaryMoveOnlyFunctor() = default;
+  UnaryMoveOnlyFunctor(const UnaryMoveOnlyFunctor&) = delete;
+  UnaryMoveOnlyFunctor(UnaryMoveOnlyFunctor&&) = default;
+};
+
 const char* Binary(const char* input, short n) { return input + n; }  // NOLINT
 
 int Ternary(int x, char y, short z) { return x + y + z; }  // NOLINT
@@ -698,12 +704,18 @@
   EXPECT_EQ(1, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(2, &Nullary)));
 }
 
-// Tests using InvokeArgument with a unary function.
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with a unary functor.
 TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Functor1) {
   Action<int(UnaryFunctor)> a = InvokeArgument<0>(true);  // NOLINT
   EXPECT_EQ(1, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(UnaryFunctor())));
 }
 
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with a unary move-only functor.
+TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Functor1MoveOnly) {
+  Action<int(UnaryMoveOnlyFunctor)> a = InvokeArgument<0>(true);  // NOLINT
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(UnaryMoveOnlyFunctor())));
+}
+
 // Tests using InvokeArgument with a 5-ary function.
 TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Function5) {
   Action<int(int (*)(int, int, int, int, int))> a =  // NOLINT
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock_link_test.h b/googlemock/test/gmock_link_test.h
index db11c2d..cf0a985 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock_link_test.h
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock_link_test.h
@@ -187,6 +187,7 @@
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 using testing::Throw;
+using testing::Rethrow;
 #endif
 
 using testing::ContainsRegex;
@@ -416,6 +417,14 @@
   EXPECT_CALL(mock, VoidFromString(_)).WillOnce(Throw(42));
   EXPECT_THROW(mock.VoidFromString(nullptr), int);
 }
+// Tests the linkage of the Rethrow action.
+TEST(LinkTest, TestRethrow) {
+  Mock mock;
+
+  EXPECT_CALL(mock, VoidFromString(_))
+      .WillOnce(Rethrow(std::make_exception_ptr(42)));
+  EXPECT_THROW(mock.VoidFromString(nullptr), int);
+}
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 
 // The ACTION*() macros trigger warning C4100 (unreferenced formal
diff --git a/googletest/CMakeLists.txt b/googletest/CMakeLists.txt
index caafa8c..dce6a7c 100644
--- a/googletest/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/googletest/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 # CMake build script for Google Test.
 #
 # To run the tests for Google Test itself on Linux, use 'make test' or
-# ctest.  You can select which tests to run using 'ctest -R regex'.
+# ctest. You can select which tests to run using 'ctest -R regex'.
 # For more options, run 'ctest --help'.
 
 # When other libraries are using a shared version of runtime libraries,
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 
 ########################################################################
 #
-# Project-wide settings
+# Project-wide settings.
 
 # Name of the project.
 #
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 # ${gtest_BINARY_DIR}.
 # Language "C" is required for find_package(Threads).
 
-# Project version:
+# Project version.
 
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.13)
 project(gtest VERSION ${GOOGLETEST_VERSION} LANGUAGES CXX C)
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
   set_up_hermetic_build()
 endif()
 
-# These commands only run if this is the main project
+# These commands only run if this is the main project.
 if(CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME STREQUAL "gtest" OR CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME STREQUAL "googletest-distribution")
 
   # BUILD_SHARED_LIBS is a standard CMake variable, but we declare it here to
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
 config_compiler_and_linker()  # Defined in internal_utils.cmake.
 
 # Needed to set the namespace for both the export targets and the
-# alias libraries
+# alias libraries.
 set(cmake_package_name GTest CACHE INTERNAL "")
 
 # Create the CMake package file descriptors.
@@ -114,10 +114,10 @@
 
 ########################################################################
 #
-# Defines the gtest & gtest_main libraries.  User tests should link
+# Defines the gtest & gtest_main libraries. User tests should link
 # with one of them.
 
-# Google Test libraries.  We build them using more strict warnings than what
+# Google Test libraries. We build them using more strict warnings than what
 # are used for other targets, to ensure that gtest can be compiled by a user
 # aggressive about warnings.
 cxx_library(gtest "${cxx_strict}" src/gtest-all.cc)
@@ -147,22 +147,22 @@
 target_include_directories(gtest_main SYSTEM INTERFACE
   "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${dirs}>"
   "$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:$<INSTALL_PREFIX>/${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}>")
-if(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "QNX")
+if(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "QNX" AND CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 7.1)
   target_link_libraries(gtest PUBLIC regex)
 endif()
 target_link_libraries(gtest_main PUBLIC gtest)
 
 ########################################################################
 #
-# Install rules
+# Install rules.
 install_project(gtest gtest_main)
 
 ########################################################################
 #
 # Samples on how to link user tests with gtest or gtest_main.
 #
-# They are not built by default.  To build them, set the
-# gtest_build_samples option to ON.  You can do it by running ccmake
+# They are not built by default. To build them, set the
+# gtest_build_samples option to ON. You can do it by running ccmake
 # or specifying the -Dgtest_build_samples=ON flag when running cmake.
 
 if (gtest_build_samples)
@@ -185,8 +185,8 @@
 # You can skip this section if you aren't interested in testing
 # Google Test itself.
 #
-# The tests are not built by default.  To build them, set the
-# gtest_build_tests option to ON.  You can do it by running ccmake
+# The tests are not built by default. To build them, set the
+# gtest_build_tests option to ON. You can do it by running ccmake
 # or specifying the -Dgtest_build_tests=ON flag when running cmake.
 
 if (gtest_build_tests)
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@
   py_test(gtest_skip_environment_check_output_test)
 
   # Visual Studio .NET 2003 does not support STL with exceptions disabled.
-  if (NOT MSVC OR MSVC_VERSION GREATER 1310)  # 1310 is Visual Studio .NET 2003
+  if (NOT MSVC OR MSVC_VERSION GREATER 1310) # 1310 is Visual Studio .NET 2003
     cxx_executable_with_flags(
       googletest-catch-exceptions-no-ex-test_
       "${cxx_no_exception}"
diff --git a/googletest/cmake/Config.cmake.in b/googletest/cmake/Config.cmake.in
index 12be449..3f70661 100644
--- a/googletest/cmake/Config.cmake.in
+++ b/googletest/cmake/Config.cmake.in
@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@
   set(THREADS_PREFER_PTHREAD_FLAG @THREADS_PREFER_PTHREAD_FLAG@)
   find_dependency(Threads)
 endif()
+if (@GTEST_HAS_ABSL@)
+  find_dependency(absl)
+  find_dependency(re2)
+endif()
 
 include("${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/@targets_export_name@.cmake")
 check_required_components("@project_name@")
diff --git a/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake b/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
index d4f67f4..580ac1c 100644
--- a/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
+++ b/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
              CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_MINSIZEREL CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO)
       if (NOT BUILD_SHARED_LIBS AND NOT gtest_force_shared_crt)
         # When Google Test is built as a shared library, it should also use
-        # shared runtime libraries.  Otherwise, it may end up with multiple
+        # shared runtime libraries. Otherwise, it may end up with multiple
         # copies of runtime library data in different modules, resulting in
         # hard-to-find crashes. When it is built as a static library, it is
         # preferable to use CRT as static libraries, as we don't have to rely
@@ -55,11 +55,11 @@
 endmacro()
 
 # Defines the compiler/linker flags used to build Google Test and
-# Google Mock.  You can tweak these definitions to suit your need.  A
+# Google Mock. You can tweak these definitions to suit your need. A
 # variable's value is empty before it's explicitly assigned to.
 macro(config_compiler_and_linker)
   # Note: pthreads on MinGW is not supported, even if available
-  # instead, we use windows threading primitives
+  # instead, we use windows threading primitives.
   unset(GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD)
   if (NOT gtest_disable_pthreads AND NOT MINGW)
     # Defines CMAKE_USE_PTHREADS_INIT and CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT.
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
     set(cxx_exception_flags "-EHsc -D_HAS_EXCEPTIONS=1")
     set(cxx_no_exception_flags "-EHs-c- -D_HAS_EXCEPTIONS=0")
     set(cxx_no_rtti_flags "-GR-")
-    # Suppress "unreachable code" warning
+    # Suppress "unreachable code" warning,
     # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3232669 explains the issue.
     set(cxx_base_flags "${cxx_base_flags} -wd4702")
     # Ensure MSVC treats source files as UTF-8 encoded.
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
     set(cxx_exception_flags "-fexceptions")
     set(cxx_no_exception_flags "-fno-exceptions")
     # Until version 4.3.2, GCC doesn't define a macro to indicate
-    # whether RTTI is enabled.  Therefore we define GTEST_HAS_RTTI
+    # whether RTTI is enabled. Therefore we define GTEST_HAS_RTTI
     # explicitly.
     set(cxx_no_rtti_flags "-fno-rtti -DGTEST_HAS_RTTI=0")
     set(cxx_strict_flags
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@
     set(cxx_exception_flags "-qeh")
     set(cxx_no_exception_flags "-qnoeh")
     # Until version 9.0, Visual Age doesn't define a macro to indicate
-    # whether RTTI is enabled.  Therefore we define GTEST_HAS_RTTI
+    # whether RTTI is enabled. Therefore we define GTEST_HAS_RTTI
     # explicitly.
     set(cxx_no_rtti_flags "-qnortti -DGTEST_HAS_RTTI=0")
   elseif (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "HP")
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@
   set(cxx_strict "${cxx_default} ${cxx_strict_flags}")
 endmacro()
 
-# Defines the gtest & gtest_main libraries.  User tests should link
+# Defines the gtest & gtest_main libraries. User tests should link
 # with one of them.
 function(cxx_library_with_type name type cxx_flags)
   # type can be either STATIC or SHARED to denote a static or shared library.
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
   set_target_properties(${name}
     PROPERTIES
     COMPILE_FLAGS "${cxx_flags}")
-  # Set the output directory for build artifacts
+  # Set the output directory for build artifacts.
   set_target_properties(${name}
     PROPERTIES
     RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin"
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
     ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/lib"
     PDB_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin"
     COMPILE_PDB_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/lib")
-  # make PDBs match library name
+  # Make PDBs match library name.
   get_target_property(pdb_debug_postfix ${name} DEBUG_POSTFIX)
   set_target_properties(${name}
     PROPERTIES
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@
 
 # cxx_executable_with_flags(name cxx_flags libs srcs...)
 #
-# creates a named C++ executable that depends on the given libraries and
+# Creates a named C++ executable that depends on the given libraries and
 # is built from the given source files with the given compiler flags.
 function(cxx_executable_with_flags name cxx_flags libs)
   add_executable(${name} ${ARGN})
@@ -239,19 +239,21 @@
 
 # cxx_executable(name dir lib srcs...)
 #
-# creates a named target that depends on the given libs and is built
-# from the given source files.  dir/name.cc is implicitly included in
+# Creates a named target that depends on the given libs and is built
+# from the given source files. dir/name.cc is implicitly included in
 # the source file list.
 function(cxx_executable name dir libs)
   cxx_executable_with_flags(
     ${name} "${cxx_default}" "${libs}" "${dir}/${name}.cc" ${ARGN})
 endfunction()
 
-find_package(Python3)
+if(gtest_build_tests)
+  find_package(Python3)
+endif()
 
 # cxx_test_with_flags(name cxx_flags libs srcs...)
 #
-# creates a named C++ test that depends on the given libs and is built
+# Creates a named C++ test that depends on the given libs and is built
 # from the given source files with the given compiler flags.
 function(cxx_test_with_flags name cxx_flags libs)
   cxx_executable_with_flags(${name} "${cxx_flags}" "${libs}" ${ARGN})
@@ -260,8 +262,8 @@
 
 # cxx_test(name libs srcs...)
 #
-# creates a named test target that depends on the given libs and is
-# built from the given source files.  Unlike cxx_test_with_flags,
+# Creates a named test target that depends on the given libs and is
+# built from the given source files. Unlike cxx_test_with_flags,
 # test/name.cc is already implicitly included in the source file list.
 function(cxx_test name libs)
   cxx_test_with_flags("${name}" "${cxx_default}" "${libs}"
@@ -270,8 +272,8 @@
 
 # py_test(name)
 #
-# creates a Python test with the given name whose main module is in
-# test/name.py.  It does nothing if Python is not installed.
+# Creates a Python test with the given name whose main module is in
+# test/name.py. It does nothing if Python is not installed.
 function(py_test name)
   if (NOT Python3_Interpreter_FOUND)
     return()
@@ -307,7 +309,7 @@
       ARCHIVE DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}"
       LIBRARY DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}")
     if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "MSVC")
-      # Install PDBs
+      # Install PDBs.
       foreach(t ${ARGN})
         get_target_property(t_pdb_name ${t} COMPILE_PDB_NAME)
         get_target_property(t_pdb_name_debug ${t} COMPILE_PDB_NAME_DEBUG)
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h
index 5928681..fe82fa5 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@
 
 #if GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STD_SPAN
 #include <span>  // NOLINT
-#endif  // GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STD_SPAN
+#endif           // GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STD_SPAN
 
 namespace testing {
 
@@ -251,8 +251,8 @@
   // ADL (possibly involving implicit conversions).
   // (Use SFINAE via return type, because it seems GCC < 12 doesn't handle name
   // lookup properly when we do it in the template parameter list.)
-  static auto PrintValue(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os)
-      -> decltype((void)(*os << value)) {
+  static auto PrintValue(const T& value,
+                         ::std::ostream* os) -> decltype((void)(*os << value)) {
     // Call streaming operator found by ADL, possibly with implicit conversions
     // of the arguments.
     *os << value;
@@ -562,50 +562,56 @@
   int full = std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::max_digits10;
   if (val < 0) val = -val;
 
-  // Android local change: do not warn about exact float comparison.
 #ifdef __GNUC__
 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
 #endif
   if (val < 1000000) {
     FloatType mulfor6 = 1e10;
-    if (val >= 100000.0) {  // 100,000 to 999,999
+    // Without these static casts, the template instantiation for float would
+    // fail to compile when -Wdouble-promotion is enabled, as the arithmetic and
+    // comparison logic would promote floats to doubles.
+    if (val >= static_cast<FloatType>(100000.0)) {  // 100,000 to 999,999
       mulfor6 = 1.0;
-    } else if (val >= 10000.0) {
+    } else if (val >= static_cast<FloatType>(10000.0)) {
       mulfor6 = 1e1;
-    } else if (val >= 1000.0) {
+    } else if (val >= static_cast<FloatType>(1000.0)) {
       mulfor6 = 1e2;
-    } else if (val >= 100.0) {
+    } else if (val >= static_cast<FloatType>(100.0)) {
       mulfor6 = 1e3;
-    } else if (val >= 10.0) {
+    } else if (val >= static_cast<FloatType>(10.0)) {
       mulfor6 = 1e4;
-    } else if (val >= 1.0) {
+    } else if (val >= static_cast<FloatType>(1.0)) {
       mulfor6 = 1e5;
-    } else if (val >= 0.1) {
+    } else if (val >= static_cast<FloatType>(0.1)) {
       mulfor6 = 1e6;
-    } else if (val >= 0.01) {
+    } else if (val >= static_cast<FloatType>(0.01)) {
       mulfor6 = 1e7;
-    } else if (val >= 0.001) {
+    } else if (val >= static_cast<FloatType>(0.001)) {
       mulfor6 = 1e8;
-    } else if (val >= 0.0001) {
+    } else if (val >= static_cast<FloatType>(0.0001)) {
       mulfor6 = 1e9;
     }
-    if (static_cast<FloatType>(static_cast<int32_t>(val * mulfor6 + 0.5)) /
+    if (static_cast<FloatType>(static_cast<int32_t>(
+            val * mulfor6 + (static_cast<FloatType>(0.5)))) /
             mulfor6 ==
         val)
       return 6;
-  } else if (val < 1e10) {
-    FloatType divfor6 = 1.0;
-    if (val >= 1e9) {  // 1,000,000,000 to 9,999,999,999
+  } else if (val < static_cast<FloatType>(1e10)) {
+    FloatType divfor6 = static_cast<FloatType>(1.0);
+    if (val >= static_cast<FloatType>(1e9)) {  // 1,000,000,000 to 9,999,999,999
       divfor6 = 10000;
-    } else if (val >= 1e8) {  // 100,000,000 to 999,999,999
+    } else if (val >=
+               static_cast<FloatType>(1e8)) {  // 100,000,000 to 999,999,999
       divfor6 = 1000;
-    } else if (val >= 1e7) {  // 10,000,000 to 99,999,999
+    } else if (val >=
+               static_cast<FloatType>(1e7)) {  // 10,000,000 to 99,999,999
       divfor6 = 100;
-    } else if (val >= 1e6) {  // 1,000,000 to 9,999,999
+    } else if (val >= static_cast<FloatType>(1e6)) {  // 1,000,000 to 9,999,999
       divfor6 = 10;
     }
-    if (static_cast<FloatType>(static_cast<int32_t>(val / divfor6 + 0.5)) *
+    if (static_cast<FloatType>(static_cast<int32_t>(
+            val / divfor6 + (static_cast<FloatType>(0.5)))) *
             divfor6 ==
         val)
       return 6;
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h
index a932e68..45400fd 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h
@@ -1751,6 +1751,7 @@
 // generic name and clashes with some other libraries.
 #if !(defined(GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_FAIL) && GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_FAIL)
 #define FAIL() GTEST_FAIL()
+#define FAIL_AT(file, line) GTEST_FAIL_AT(file, line)
 #endif
 
 // Generates a success with a generic message.
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h
index 8e9c988..61536d6 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h
@@ -52,9 +52,7 @@
 namespace testing {
 namespace internal {
 
-// Names of the flags (needed for parsing Google Test flags).
-const char kDeathTestStyleFlag[] = "death_test_style";
-const char kDeathTestUseFork[] = "death_test_use_fork";
+// Name of the flag (needed for parsing Google Test flag).
 const char kInternalRunDeathTestFlag[] = "internal_run_death_test";
 
 #ifdef GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h
index 4f077fc..806b086 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h
@@ -555,7 +555,7 @@
 //   type_param:       the name of the test's type parameter, or NULL if
 //                     this is not a typed or a type-parameterized test.
 //   value_param:      text representation of the test's value parameter,
-//                     or NULL if this is not a type-parameterized test.
+//                     or NULL if this is not a value-parameterized test.
 //   code_location:    code location where the test is defined
 //   fixture_class_id: ID of the test fixture class
 //   set_up_tc:        pointer to the function that sets up the test suite
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h
index dd39e98..b04f702 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h
@@ -584,8 +584,8 @@
 
           GTEST_CHECK_(IsValidParamName(param_name))
               << "Parameterized test name '" << param_name
-              << "' is invalid (contains spaces, dashes, underscores, or "
-                 "non-alphanumeric characters), in "
+              << "' is invalid (contains spaces, dashes, or any "
+                 "non-alphanumeric characters other than underscores), in "
               << file << " line " << line << "" << std::endl;
 
           GTEST_CHECK_(test_param_names.count(param_name) == 0)
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
index daaaa74..2adf062 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
@@ -338,9 +338,10 @@
 #define GTEST_HAS_NOTIFICATION_ 0
 #endif
 
-#ifdef GTEST_HAS_ABSL
-#include "absl/flags/declare.h"
+#if defined(GTEST_HAS_ABSL) && !defined(GTEST_NO_ABSL_FLAGS)
+#define GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_ABSL_FLAGS  // Used only in this file.
 #include "absl/flags/flag.h"
+#include "absl/flags/declare.h"
 #include "absl/flags/reflection.h"
 #endif
 
@@ -2017,7 +2018,9 @@
 namespace posix {
 
 // File system porting.
-#if GTEST_HAS_FILE_SYSTEM
+// Note: Not every I/O-related function is related to file systems, so don't
+// just disable all of them here. For example, fileno() and isatty(), etc. must
+// always be available in order to detect if a pipe points to a terminal.
 #ifdef GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 
 typedef struct _stat StatStruct;
@@ -2028,27 +2031,32 @@
 // time and thus not defined there.
 #else
 inline int FileNo(FILE* file) { return _fileno(file); }
+#if GTEST_HAS_FILE_SYSTEM
 inline int Stat(const char* path, StatStruct* buf) { return _stat(path, buf); }
 inline int RmDir(const char* dir) { return _rmdir(dir); }
 inline bool IsDir(const StatStruct& st) { return (_S_IFDIR & st.st_mode) != 0; }
+#endif
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 
 #elif defined(GTEST_OS_ESP8266)
 typedef struct stat StatStruct;
 
 inline int FileNo(FILE* file) { return fileno(file); }
+#if GTEST_HAS_FILE_SYSTEM
 inline int Stat(const char* path, StatStruct* buf) {
   // stat function not implemented on ESP8266
   return 0;
 }
 inline int RmDir(const char* dir) { return rmdir(dir); }
 inline bool IsDir(const StatStruct& st) { return S_ISDIR(st.st_mode); }
+#endif
 
 #else
 
 typedef struct stat StatStruct;
 
 inline int FileNo(FILE* file) { return fileno(file); }
+#if GTEST_HAS_FILE_SYSTEM
 inline int Stat(const char* path, StatStruct* buf) { return stat(path, buf); }
 #ifdef GTEST_OS_QURT
 // QuRT doesn't support any directory functions, including rmdir
@@ -2057,9 +2065,9 @@
 inline int RmDir(const char* dir) { return rmdir(dir); }
 #endif
 inline bool IsDir(const StatStruct& st) { return S_ISDIR(st.st_mode); }
+#endif
 
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_FILE_SYSTEM
 
 // Other functions with a different name on Windows.
 
@@ -2257,7 +2265,7 @@
 #endif  // !defined(GTEST_FLAG)
 
 // Pick a command line flags implementation.
-#ifdef GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+#ifdef GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_ABSL_FLAGS
 
 // Macros for defining flags.
 #define GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(name, default_val, doc) \
@@ -2282,7 +2290,8 @@
   (void)(::absl::SetFlag(&GTEST_FLAG(name), value))
 #define GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_ 0
 
-#else  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+#undef GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_ABSL_FLAGS
+#else  // ndef GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_ABSL_FLAGS
 
 // Macros for defining flags.
 #define GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(name, default_val, doc)  \
@@ -2324,7 +2333,7 @@
 #define GTEST_FLAG_SET(name, value) (void)(::testing::GTEST_FLAG(name) = value)
 #define GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_ 1
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+#endif  // GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_ABSL_FLAGS
 
 // Thread annotations
 #if !defined(GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_)
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc
index e9d12d9..3bb7dd4 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc
@@ -697,13 +697,24 @@
 void RE::Init(const char* regex) {
   pattern_ = regex;
 
+  // NetBSD (and Android, which takes its regex implemntation from NetBSD) does
+  // not include the GNU regex extensions (such as Perl style character classes
+  // like \w) in REG_EXTENDED. REG_EXTENDED is only specified to include the
+  // [[:alpha:]] style character classes. Enable REG_GNU wherever it is defined
+  // so users can use those extensions.
+#if defined(REG_GNU)
+  constexpr int reg_flags = REG_EXTENDED | REG_GNU;
+#else
+  constexpr int reg_flags = REG_EXTENDED;
+#endif
+
   // Reserves enough bytes to hold the regular expression used for a
   // full match.
   const size_t full_regex_len = strlen(regex) + 10;
   char* const full_pattern = new char[full_regex_len];
 
   snprintf(full_pattern, full_regex_len, "^(%s)$", regex);
-  is_valid_ = regcomp(&full_regex_, full_pattern, REG_EXTENDED) == 0;
+  is_valid_ = regcomp(&full_regex_, full_pattern, reg_flags) == 0;
   // We want to call regcomp(&partial_regex_, ...) even if the
   // previous expression returns false.  Otherwise partial_regex_ may
   // not be properly initialized can may cause trouble when it's
@@ -714,7 +725,7 @@
   // regex.  We change it to an equivalent form "()" to be safe.
   if (is_valid_) {
     const char* const partial_regex = (*regex == '\0') ? "()" : regex;
-    is_valid_ = regcomp(&partial_regex_, partial_regex, REG_EXTENDED) == 0;
+    is_valid_ = regcomp(&partial_regex_, partial_regex, reg_flags) == 0;
   }
   EXPECT_TRUE(is_valid_)
       << "Regular expression \"" << regex
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest.cc b/googletest/src/gtest.cc
index d22822e..34d3e30 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest.cc
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <chrono>  // NOLINT
 #include <cmath>
+#include <csignal>  // NOLINT: raise(3) is used on some platforms
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <cstring>
@@ -161,6 +162,10 @@
 #define GTEST_HAS_BUILTIN(x) 0
 #endif  // defined(__has_builtin)
 
+#if defined(GTEST_HAS_ABSL) && !defined(GTEST_NO_ABSL_FLAGS)
+#define GTEST_HAS_ABSL_FLAGS
+#endif
+
 namespace testing {
 
 using internal::CountIf;
@@ -458,7 +463,12 @@
   UnitTest::GetInstance()->AddTestPartResult(
       data_->type, data_->file, data_->line,
       AppendUserMessage(data_->message, message),
-      UnitTest::GetInstance()->impl()->CurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(1)
+      // Suppress emission of the stack trace for GTEST_SKIP() since skipping is
+      // an intentional act by the developer rather than a failure requiring
+      // investigation.
+      data_->type != TestPartResult::kSkip
+          ? UnitTest::GetInstance()->impl()->CurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(1)
+          : ""
       // Skips the stack frame for this function itself.
   );  // NOLINT
 }
@@ -3282,11 +3292,9 @@
   va_start(args, fmt);
 
   static const bool in_color_mode =
-#if GTEST_HAS_FILE_SYSTEM
+      // We don't condition this on GTEST_HAS_FILE_SYSTEM because we still need
+      // to be able to detect terminal I/O regardless.
       ShouldUseColor(posix::IsATTY(posix::FileNo(stdout)) != 0);
-#else
-      false;
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_FILE_SYSTEM
 
   const bool use_color = in_color_mode && (color != GTestColor::kDefault);
 
@@ -6203,8 +6211,8 @@
 #if GTEST_HAS_FILE_SYSTEM
   const std::string& output_format = UnitTestOptions::GetOutputFormat();
   if (output_format == "xml" || output_format == "json") {
-    FILE* fileout = OpenFileForWriting(
-        UnitTestOptions::GetAbsolutePathToOutputFile().c_str());
+    FILE* fileout =
+        OpenFileForWriting(UnitTestOptions::GetAbsolutePathToOutputFile());
     std::stringstream stream;
     if (output_format == "xml") {
       XmlUnitTestResultPrinter(
@@ -6685,7 +6693,7 @@
 // remain in place. Unrecognized flags are not reported and do not cause the
 // program to exit.
 void ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly(int* argc, char** argv) {
-#ifdef GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+#ifdef GTEST_HAS_ABSL_FLAGS
   if (*argc <= 0) return;
 
   std::vector<char*> positional_args;
@@ -6771,11 +6779,13 @@
 #ifdef GTEST_HAS_ABSL
   absl::InitializeSymbolizer(g_argvs[0].c_str());
 
+#ifdef GTEST_HAS_ABSL_FLAGS
   // When using the Abseil Flags library, set the program usage message to the
   // help message, but remove the color-encoding from the message first.
   absl::SetProgramUsageMessage(absl::StrReplaceAll(
       kColorEncodedHelpMessage,
       {{"@D", ""}, {"@R", ""}, {"@G", ""}, {"@Y", ""}, {"@@", "@"}}));
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL_FLAGS
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL
 
   ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly(argc, argv);
diff --git a/googletest/test/googletest-output-test-golden-lin.txt b/googletest/test/googletest-output-test-golden-lin.txt
index 6ddf822..e06856a 100644
--- a/googletest/test/googletest-output-test-golden-lin.txt
+++ b/googletest/test/googletest-output-test-golden-lin.txt
@@ -970,7 +970,6 @@
 [0;32m[----------] [m1 test from TestSuiteThatSkipsInSetUp
 googletest-output-test_.cc:#: Skipped
 Skip entire test suite
-Stack trace: (omitted)
 
 [0;32m[ RUN      ] [mTestSuiteThatSkipsInSetUp.ShouldNotRun
 googletest-output-test_.cc:#: Skipped
diff --git a/googletest/test/googletest-port-test.cc b/googletest/test/googletest-port-test.cc
index 8d21026..9f05a01 100644
--- a/googletest/test/googletest-port-test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/googletest-port-test.cc
@@ -418,8 +418,8 @@
   const RE simple(TypeParam("hello"));
   EXPECT_STREQ("hello", simple.pattern());
 
-  const RE normal(TypeParam(".*([[:alnum:]_]+)"));
-  EXPECT_STREQ(".*([[:alnum:]_]+)", normal.pattern());
+  const RE normal(TypeParam(".*(\\w+)"));
+  EXPECT_STREQ(".*(\\w+)", normal.pattern());
 }
 
 // Tests that RE's constructors reject invalid regular expressions.
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py
index 422569e..c3fea2c 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py
@@ -112,20 +112,23 @@
   </testsuite>
   <testsuite name="SkippedTest" tests="3" failures="1" disabled="0" skipped="2" errors="0" time="*" timestamp="*">
     <testcase name="Skipped" status="run" file="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc" line="75" result="skipped" time="*" timestamp="*" classname="SkippedTest">
-      <skipped message="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*&#x0A;%(stack_entity)s"><![CDATA[gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*
-%(stack)s]]></skipped>
+      <skipped message="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*&#x0A;&#x0A;"><![CDATA[gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*
+
+]]></skipped>
     </testcase>
     <testcase name="SkippedWithMessage" file="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc" line="79" status="run" result="skipped" time="*" timestamp="*" classname="SkippedTest">
-      <skipped message="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*&#x0A;It is good practice to tell why you skip a test.%(stack_entity)s"><![CDATA[gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*
-It is good practice to tell why you skip a test.%(stack)s]]></skipped>
+      <skipped message="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*&#x0A;It is good practice to tell why you skip a test.&#x0A;"><![CDATA[gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*
+It is good practice to tell why you skip a test.
+]]></skipped>
     </testcase>
     <testcase name="SkippedAfterFailure" file="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc" line="83" status="run" result="completed" time="*" timestamp="*" classname="SkippedTest">
       <failure message="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*&#x0A;Expected equality of these values:&#x0A;  1&#x0A;  2%(stack_entity)s" type=""><![CDATA[gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*
 Expected equality of these values:
   1
   2%(stack)s]]></failure>
-      <skipped message="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*&#x0A;It is good practice to tell why you skip a test.%(stack_entity)s"><![CDATA[gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*
-It is good practice to tell why you skip a test.%(stack)s]]></skipped>
+      <skipped message="gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*&#x0A;It is good practice to tell why you skip a test.&#x0A;"><![CDATA[gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*
+It is good practice to tell why you skip a test.
+]]></skipped>
     </testcase>
 
   </testsuite>