//===-- tsan_platform_linux.cc --------------------------------------------===//
//
//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This file is a part of ThreadSanitizer (TSan), a race detector.
//
// Linux- and FreeBSD-specific code.
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//


#include "sanitizer_common/sanitizer_platform.h"
#if SANITIZER_LINUX || SANITIZER_FREEBSD

#include "sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common.h"
#include "sanitizer_common/sanitizer_libc.h"
#include "sanitizer_common/sanitizer_posix.h"
#include "sanitizer_common/sanitizer_procmaps.h"
#include "sanitizer_common/sanitizer_stoptheworld.h"
#include "sanitizer_common/sanitizer_stackdepot.h"
#include "tsan_platform.h"
#include "tsan_rtl.h"
#include "tsan_flags.h"

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sched.h>
#include <dlfcn.h>
#if SANITIZER_LINUX
#define __need_res_state
#include <resolv.h>
#endif

#ifdef sa_handler
# undef sa_handler
#endif

#ifdef sa_sigaction
# undef sa_sigaction
#endif

#if SANITIZER_FREEBSD
extern "C" void *__libc_stack_end;
void *__libc_stack_end = 0;
#endif

namespace __tsan {

static uptr g_data_start;
static uptr g_data_end;

enum {
  MemTotal  = 0,
  MemShadow = 1,
  MemMeta   = 2,
  MemFile   = 3,
  MemMmap   = 4,
  MemTrace  = 5,
  MemHeap   = 6,
  MemOther  = 7,
  MemCount  = 8,
};

void FillProfileCallback(uptr p, uptr rss, bool file,
                         uptr *mem, uptr stats_size) {
  mem[MemTotal] += rss;
  if (p >= kShadowBeg && p < kShadowEnd)
    mem[MemShadow] += rss;
  else if (p >= kMetaShadowBeg && p < kMetaShadowEnd)
    mem[MemMeta] += rss;
#ifndef SANITIZER_GO
  else if (p >= kHeapMemBeg && p < kHeapMemEnd)
    mem[MemHeap] += rss;
  else if (p >= kLoAppMemBeg && p < kLoAppMemEnd)
    mem[file ? MemFile : MemMmap] += rss;
  else if (p >= kHiAppMemBeg && p < kHiAppMemEnd)
    mem[file ? MemFile : MemMmap] += rss;
#else
  else if (p >= kAppMemBeg && p < kAppMemEnd)
    mem[file ? MemFile : MemMmap] += rss;
#endif
  else if (p >= kTraceMemBeg && p < kTraceMemEnd)
    mem[MemTrace] += rss;
  else
    mem[MemOther] += rss;
}

void WriteMemoryProfile(char *buf, uptr buf_size, uptr nthread, uptr nlive) {
  uptr mem[MemCount] = {};
  __sanitizer::GetMemoryProfile(FillProfileCallback, mem, 7);
  StackDepotStats *stacks = StackDepotGetStats();
  internal_snprintf(buf, buf_size,
      "RSS %zd MB: shadow:%zd meta:%zd file:%zd mmap:%zd"
      " trace:%zd heap:%zd other:%zd stacks=%zd[%zd] nthr=%zd/%zd\n",
      mem[MemTotal] >> 20, mem[MemShadow] >> 20, mem[MemMeta] >> 20,
      mem[MemFile] >> 20, mem[MemMmap] >> 20, mem[MemTrace] >> 20,
      mem[MemHeap] >> 20, mem[MemOther] >> 20,
      stacks->allocated >> 20, stacks->n_uniq_ids,
      nlive, nthread);
}

#if SANITIZER_LINUX
void FlushShadowMemoryCallback(
    const SuspendedThreadsList &suspended_threads_list,
    void *argument) {
  FlushUnneededShadowMemory(kShadowBeg, kShadowEnd - kShadowBeg);
}
#endif

void FlushShadowMemory() {
#if SANITIZER_LINUX
  StopTheWorld(FlushShadowMemoryCallback, 0);
#endif
}

#ifndef SANITIZER_GO
static void ProtectRange(uptr beg, uptr end) {
  CHECK_LE(beg, end);
  if (beg == end)
    return;
  if (beg != (uptr)MmapNoAccess(beg, end - beg)) {
    Printf("FATAL: ThreadSanitizer can not protect [%zx,%zx]\n", beg, end);
    Printf("FATAL: Make sure you are not using unlimited stack\n");
    Die();
  }
}

// Mark shadow for .rodata sections with the special kShadowRodata marker.
// Accesses to .rodata can't race, so this saves time, memory and trace space.
static void MapRodata() {
  // First create temp file.
  const char *tmpdir = GetEnv("TMPDIR");
  if (tmpdir == 0)
    tmpdir = GetEnv("TEST_TMPDIR");
#ifdef P_tmpdir
  if (tmpdir == 0)
    tmpdir = P_tmpdir;
#endif
  if (tmpdir == 0)
    return;
  char name[256];
  internal_snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/tsan.rodata.%d",
                    tmpdir, (int)internal_getpid());
  uptr openrv = internal_open(name, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0600);
  if (internal_iserror(openrv))
    return;
  internal_unlink(name);  // Unlink it now, so that we can reuse the buffer.
  fd_t fd = openrv;
  // Fill the file with kShadowRodata.
  const uptr kMarkerSize = 512 * 1024 / sizeof(u64);
  InternalScopedBuffer<u64> marker(kMarkerSize);
  // volatile to prevent insertion of memset
  for (volatile u64 *p = marker.data(); p < marker.data() + kMarkerSize; p++)
    *p = kShadowRodata;
  internal_write(fd, marker.data(), marker.size());
  // Map the file into memory.
  uptr page = internal_mmap(0, GetPageSizeCached(), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
                            MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, fd, 0);
  if (internal_iserror(page)) {
    internal_close(fd);
    return;
  }
  // Map the file into shadow of .rodata sections.
  MemoryMappingLayout proc_maps(/*cache_enabled*/true);
  uptr start, end, offset, prot;
  // Reusing the buffer 'name'.
  while (proc_maps.Next(&start, &end, &offset, name, ARRAY_SIZE(name), &prot)) {
    if (name[0] != 0 && name[0] != '['
        && (prot & MemoryMappingLayout::kProtectionRead)
        && (prot & MemoryMappingLayout::kProtectionExecute)
        && !(prot & MemoryMappingLayout::kProtectionWrite)
        && IsAppMem(start)) {
      // Assume it's .rodata
      char *shadow_start = (char*)MemToShadow(start);
      char *shadow_end = (char*)MemToShadow(end);
      for (char *p = shadow_start; p < shadow_end; p += marker.size()) {
        internal_mmap(p, Min<uptr>(marker.size(), shadow_end - p),
                      PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_FIXED, fd, 0);
      }
    }
  }
  internal_close(fd);
}

void InitializeShadowMemory() {
  // Map memory shadow.
  uptr shadow = (uptr)MmapFixedNoReserve(kShadowBeg,
    kShadowEnd - kShadowBeg);
  if (shadow != kShadowBeg) {
    Printf("FATAL: ThreadSanitizer can not mmap the shadow memory\n");
    Printf("FATAL: Make sure to compile with -fPIE and "
               "to link with -pie (%p, %p).\n", shadow, kShadowBeg);
    Die();
  }
  // This memory range is used for thread stacks and large user mmaps.
  // Frequently a thread uses only a small part of stack and similarly
  // a program uses a small part of large mmap. On some programs
  // we see 20% memory usage reduction without huge pages for this range.
  // FIXME: don't use constants here.
#if defined(__x86_64__)
  const uptr kMadviseRangeBeg  = 0x7f0000000000ull;
  const uptr kMadviseRangeSize = 0x010000000000ull;
#elif defined(__mips64)
  const uptr kMadviseRangeBeg  = 0xff00000000ull;
  const uptr kMadviseRangeSize = 0x0100000000ull;
#endif
  NoHugePagesInRegion(MemToShadow(kMadviseRangeBeg),
                      kMadviseRangeSize * kShadowMultiplier);
  if (common_flags()->use_madv_dontdump)
    DontDumpShadowMemory(kShadowBeg, kShadowEnd - kShadowBeg);
  DPrintf("memory shadow: %zx-%zx (%zuGB)\n",
      kShadowBeg, kShadowEnd,
      (kShadowEnd - kShadowBeg) >> 30);

  // Map meta shadow.
  uptr meta_size = kMetaShadowEnd - kMetaShadowBeg;
  uptr meta = (uptr)MmapFixedNoReserve(kMetaShadowBeg, meta_size);
  if (meta != kMetaShadowBeg) {
    Printf("FATAL: ThreadSanitizer can not mmap the shadow memory\n");
    Printf("FATAL: Make sure to compile with -fPIE and "
               "to link with -pie (%p, %p).\n", meta, kMetaShadowBeg);
    Die();
  }
  if (common_flags()->use_madv_dontdump)
    DontDumpShadowMemory(meta, meta_size);
  DPrintf("meta shadow: %zx-%zx (%zuGB)\n",
      meta, meta + meta_size, meta_size >> 30);

  MapRodata();
}

static void InitDataSeg() {
  MemoryMappingLayout proc_maps(true);
  uptr start, end, offset;
  char name[128];
#if SANITIZER_FREEBSD
  // On FreeBSD BSS is usually the last block allocated within the
  // low range and heap is the last block allocated within the range
  // 0x800000000-0x8ffffffff.
  while (proc_maps.Next(&start, &end, &offset, name, ARRAY_SIZE(name),
                        /*protection*/ 0)) {
    DPrintf("%p-%p %p %s\n", start, end, offset, name);
    if ((start & 0xffff00000000ULL) == 0 && (end & 0xffff00000000ULL) == 0 &&
        name[0] == '\0') {
      g_data_start = start;
      g_data_end = end;
    }
  }
#else
  bool prev_is_data = false;
  while (proc_maps.Next(&start, &end, &offset, name, ARRAY_SIZE(name),
                        /*protection*/ 0)) {
    DPrintf("%p-%p %p %s\n", start, end, offset, name);
    bool is_data = offset != 0 && name[0] != 0;
    // BSS may get merged with [heap] in /proc/self/maps. This is not very
    // reliable.
    bool is_bss = offset == 0 &&
      (name[0] == 0 || internal_strcmp(name, "[heap]") == 0) && prev_is_data;
    if (g_data_start == 0 && is_data)
      g_data_start = start;
    if (is_bss)
      g_data_end = end;
    prev_is_data = is_data;
  }
#endif
  DPrintf("guessed data_start=%p data_end=%p\n",  g_data_start, g_data_end);
  CHECK_LT(g_data_start, g_data_end);
  CHECK_GE((uptr)&g_data_start, g_data_start);
  CHECK_LT((uptr)&g_data_start, g_data_end);
}

static void CheckAndProtect() {
  // Ensure that the binary is indeed compiled with -pie.
  MemoryMappingLayout proc_maps(true);
  uptr p, end;
  while (proc_maps.Next(&p, &end, 0, 0, 0, 0)) {
    if (IsAppMem(p))
      continue;
    if (p >= kHeapMemEnd &&
        p < HeapEnd())
      continue;
    if (p >= kVdsoBeg)  // vdso
      break;
    Printf("FATAL: ThreadSanitizer: unexpected memory mapping %p-%p\n", p, end);
    Die();
  }

  ProtectRange(kLoAppMemEnd, kShadowBeg);
  ProtectRange(kShadowEnd, kMetaShadowBeg);
  ProtectRange(kMetaShadowEnd, kTraceMemBeg);
  // Memory for traces is mapped lazily in MapThreadTrace.
  // Protect the whole range for now, so that user does not map something here.
  ProtectRange(kTraceMemBeg, kTraceMemEnd);
  ProtectRange(kTraceMemEnd, kHeapMemBeg);
  ProtectRange(HeapEnd(), kHiAppMemBeg);
}
#endif  // #ifndef SANITIZER_GO

void InitializePlatform() {
  DisableCoreDumperIfNecessary();

  // Go maps shadow memory lazily and works fine with limited address space.
  // Unlimited stack is not a problem as well, because the executable
  // is not compiled with -pie.
  if (kCppMode) {
    bool reexec = false;
    // TSan doesn't play well with unlimited stack size (as stack
    // overlaps with shadow memory). If we detect unlimited stack size,
    // we re-exec the program with limited stack size as a best effort.
    if (StackSizeIsUnlimited()) {
      const uptr kMaxStackSize = 32 * 1024 * 1024;
      VReport(1, "Program is run with unlimited stack size, which wouldn't "
                 "work with ThreadSanitizer.\n"
                 "Re-execing with stack size limited to %zd bytes.\n",
              kMaxStackSize);
      SetStackSizeLimitInBytes(kMaxStackSize);
      reexec = true;
    }

    if (!AddressSpaceIsUnlimited()) {
      Report("WARNING: Program is run with limited virtual address space,"
             " which wouldn't work with ThreadSanitizer.\n");
      Report("Re-execing with unlimited virtual address space.\n");
      SetAddressSpaceUnlimited();
      reexec = true;
    }
    if (reexec)
      ReExec();
  }

#ifndef SANITIZER_GO
  CheckAndProtect();
  InitTlsSize();
  InitDataSeg();
#endif
}

bool IsGlobalVar(uptr addr) {
  return g_data_start && addr >= g_data_start && addr < g_data_end;
}

#ifndef SANITIZER_GO
// Extract file descriptors passed to glibc internal __res_iclose function.
// This is required to properly "close" the fds, because we do not see internal
// closes within glibc. The code is a pure hack.
int ExtractResolvFDs(void *state, int *fds, int nfd) {
#if SANITIZER_LINUX
  int cnt = 0;
  __res_state *statp = (__res_state*)state;
  for (int i = 0; i < MAXNS && cnt < nfd; i++) {
    if (statp->_u._ext.nsaddrs[i] && statp->_u._ext.nssocks[i] != -1)
      fds[cnt++] = statp->_u._ext.nssocks[i];
  }
  return cnt;
#else
  return 0;
#endif
}

// Extract file descriptors passed via UNIX domain sockets.
// This is requried to properly handle "open" of these fds.
// see 'man recvmsg' and 'man 3 cmsg'.
int ExtractRecvmsgFDs(void *msgp, int *fds, int nfd) {
  int res = 0;
  msghdr *msg = (msghdr*)msgp;
  struct cmsghdr *cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(msg);
  for (; cmsg; cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(msg, cmsg)) {
    if (cmsg->cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET || cmsg->cmsg_type != SCM_RIGHTS)
      continue;
    int n = (cmsg->cmsg_len - CMSG_LEN(0)) / sizeof(fds[0]);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      fds[res++] = ((int*)CMSG_DATA(cmsg))[i];
      if (res == nfd)
        return res;
    }
  }
  return res;
}

// Note: this function runs with async signals enabled,
// so it must not touch any tsan state.
int call_pthread_cancel_with_cleanup(int(*fn)(void *c, void *m,
    void *abstime), void *c, void *m, void *abstime,
    void(*cleanup)(void *arg), void *arg) {
  // pthread_cleanup_push/pop are hardcore macros mess.
  // We can't intercept nor call them w/o including pthread.h.
  int res;
  pthread_cleanup_push(cleanup, arg);
  res = fn(c, m, abstime);
  pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
  return res;
}
#endif

}  // namespace __tsan

#endif  // SANITIZER_LINUX || SANITIZER_FREEBSD