hostsidetests/appsecurity/test-apps/UsePermissionApp23/src/com/android/cts/usepermission/BasePermissionsTest.java - platform/cts - Git at Google

 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
  *
  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  *
  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */

 package com.android.cts.usepermission;

 import static junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;

 import android.Manifest;
 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.app.Instrumentation;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
 import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.net.Uri;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.provider.Settings;
 import android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
 import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 import android.support.test.uiautomator.By;
 import android.view.accessibility.AccessibilityNodeInfo.AccessibilityAction;
 import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiDevice;
 import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiObject;
 import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiObject2;
 import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiSelector;
 import android.util.ArrayMap;
 import android.util.Log;
 import android.view.accessibility.AccessibilityEvent;
 import android.view.accessibility.AccessibilityNodeInfo;
 import android.widget.Switch;
 import junit.framework.Assert;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 public abstract class BasePermissionsTest {
     private static final String PLATFORM_PACKAGE_NAME = "android";

     private static final long IDLE_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = 500;
     private static final long GLOBAL_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = 5000;

     private static final long RETRY_TIMEOUT = 5000;
     private static final String LOG_TAG = "BasePermissionsTest";

     private static Map<String, String> sPermissionToLabelResNameMap = new ArrayMap<>();
     static {
         // Contacts
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_contacts");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_contacts");
         // Calendar
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.READ_CALENDAR,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_calendar");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_calendar");
         // SMS
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_sms");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_sms");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.READ_SMS,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_sms");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_sms");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_MMS,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_sms");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put("android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS",
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_sms");
         // Storage
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_storage");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_storage");
         // Location
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_location");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_location");
         // Phone
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put("android.permission.ACCESS_IMS_CALL_SERVICE",
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.READ_CALL_LOG,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.USE_SIP,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
         // Microphone
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_microphone");
         // Camera
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.CAMERA,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_camera");
         // Body sensors
         sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.BODY_SENSORS,
                 "@android:string/permgrouplab_sensors");
     }

     private Context mContext;
     private Resources mPlatformResources;

     protected static Instrumentation getInstrumentation() {
         return InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation();
     }

     protected static void assertPermissionRequestResult(BasePermissionActivity.Result result,
             int requestCode, String[] permissions, boolean[] granted) {
         assertEquals(requestCode, result.requestCode);
         for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++) {
             assertEquals(permissions[i], result.permissions[i]);
             assertEquals(granted[i] ? PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                     : PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED, result.grantResults[i]);

         }
     }

     protected static UiDevice getUiDevice() {
         return UiDevice.getInstance(getInstrumentation());
     }

     protected static Activity launchActivity(String packageName,
             Class<?> clazz, Bundle extras) {
         Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);
         intent.setClassName(packageName, clazz.getName());
         intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
         if (extras != null) {
             intent.putExtras(extras);
         }
         Activity activity = getInstrumentation().startActivitySync(intent);
         getInstrumentation().waitForIdleSync();

         return activity;
     }

     @Before
     public void beforeTest() {
         mContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext();
         try {
             Context platformContext = mContext.createPackageContext(PLATFORM_PACKAGE_NAME, 0);
             mPlatformResources = platformContext.getResources();
         } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
             /* cannot happen */
         }

         UiObject2 button = getUiDevice().findObject(By.text("Close"));
         if (button != null) {
             button.click();
         }
     }

     protected BasePermissionActivity.Result requestPermissions(
             String[] permissions, int requestCode, Class<?> clazz, Runnable postRequestAction)
             throws Exception {
         // Start an activity
         BasePermissionActivity activity = (BasePermissionActivity) launchActivity(
                 getInstrumentation().getTargetContext().getPackageName(), clazz, null);

         activity.waitForOnCreate();

         // Request the permissions
         activity.requestPermissions(permissions, requestCode);

         // Define a more conservative idle criteria
         getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation().waitForIdle(
                 IDLE_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, GLOBAL_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);

         // Perform the post-request action
         if (postRequestAction != null) {
             postRequestAction.run();
         }

         BasePermissionActivity.Result result = activity.getResult();
         activity.finish();
         return result;
     }

     protected void clickAllowButton() throws Exception {
         getUiDevice().findObject(new UiSelector().resourceId(
                 "com.android.packageinstaller:id/permission_allow_button")).click();
     }

     protected void clickDenyButton() throws Exception {
         getUiDevice().findObject(new UiSelector().resourceId(
                 "com.android.packageinstaller:id/permission_deny_button")).click();
     }

     protected void clickDontAskAgainCheckbox() throws Exception {
         getUiDevice().findObject(new UiSelector().resourceId(
                 "com.android.packageinstaller:id/do_not_ask_checkbox")).click();
     }

     protected void clickDontAskAgainButton() throws Exception {
         getUiDevice().findObject(new UiSelector().resourceId(
                 "com.android.packageinstaller:id/permission_deny_dont_ask_again_button")).click();
     }

     protected void grantPermission(String permission) throws Exception {
         grantPermissions(new String[]{permission});
     }

     protected void grantPermissions(String[] permissions) throws Exception {
         setPermissionGrantState(permissions, true, false);
     }

     protected void revokePermission(String permission) throws Exception {
         revokePermissions(new String[] {permission}, false);
     }

     protected void revokePermissions(String[] permissions, boolean legacyApp) throws Exception {
         setPermissionGrantState(permissions, false, legacyApp);
     }

     private void setPermissionGrantState(String[] permissions, boolean granted,
             boolean legacyApp) throws Exception {
         getUiDevice().pressBack();
         waitForIdle();
         getUiDevice().pressBack();
         waitForIdle();

         // Open the app details settings
         Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
         intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_DEFAULT);
         intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + mContext.getPackageName()));
         startActivity(intent);

         waitForIdle();

         // Open the permissions UI
         AccessibilityNodeInfo permLabelView = getNodeTimed(() -> findByText("Permissions"));
         Assert.assertNotNull("Permissions label should be present", permLabelView);

         AccessibilityNodeInfo permItemView = findCollectionItem(permLabelView);
         Assert.assertNotNull("Permissions item should be present", permLabelView);

         click(permItemView);

         waitForIdle();

         for (String permission : permissions) {
             // Find the permission toggle
             String permissionLabel = getPermissionLabel(permission);

             AccessibilityNodeInfo labelView = getNodeTimed(() -> findByText(permissionLabel));
             Assert.assertNotNull("Permission label should be present", labelView);

             AccessibilityNodeInfo itemView = findCollectionItem(labelView);
             Assert.assertNotNull("Permission item should be present", itemView);

             final AccessibilityNodeInfo toggleView = findSwitch(itemView);
             Assert.assertNotNull("Permission toggle should be present", toggleView);

             final boolean wasGranted = toggleView.isChecked();
             if (granted != wasGranted) {
                 // Toggle the permission

                 if (!itemView.getActionList().contains(AccessibilityAction.ACTION_CLICK)) {
                     click(toggleView);
                 } else {
                     click(itemView);
                 }

                 waitForIdle();

                 if (wasGranted && legacyApp) {
                     String packageName = getInstrumentation().getContext().getPackageManager()
                             .getPermissionControllerPackageName();
                     String resIdName = "com.android.packageinstaller"
                             + ":string/grant_dialog_button_deny_anyway";
                     Resources resources = getInstrumentation().getContext()
                             .createPackageContext(packageName, 0).getResources();
                     final int confirmResId = resources.getIdentifier(resIdName, null, null);
                     String confirmTitle = resources.getString(confirmResId);
                     UiObject denyAnyway = getUiDevice().findObject(new UiSelector()
                             .text(confirmTitle.toUpperCase()));
                     denyAnyway.click();

                     waitForIdle();
                 }
             }
         }

         getUiDevice().pressBack();
         waitForIdle();
         getUiDevice().pressBack();
         waitForIdle();
     }

     private String getPermissionLabel(String permission) throws Exception {
         String labelResName = sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.get(permission);
         assertNotNull("Unknown permisison " + permission, labelResName);
         final int resourceId = mPlatformResources.getIdentifier(labelResName, null, null);
         return mPlatformResources.getString(resourceId);
     }

     private void startActivity(final Intent intent) throws Exception {
         getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation().executeAndWaitForEvent(
                 () -> {
             try {
                 getInstrumentation().getContext().startActivity(intent);
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 fail("Cannot start activity: " + intent);
             }
         }, (AccessibilityEvent event) -> event.getEventType()
                         == AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_STATE_CHANGED
          , GLOBAL_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
     }

     private AccessibilityNodeInfo findByText(String text) throws Exception {
         AccessibilityNodeInfo root = getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation().getRootInActiveWindow();
         AccessibilityNodeInfo result = findByText(root, text);
         if (result != null) {
             return result;
         }
         return findByTextInCollection(root, text);
     }

     private static AccessibilityNodeInfo findByText(AccessibilityNodeInfo root, String text) {
         List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> nodes = root.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText(text);
         for (AccessibilityNodeInfo node : nodes) {
             if (node.getText().toString().equals(text)) {
                 return node;
             }
         }
         return null;
     }

     private static AccessibilityNodeInfo findByTextInCollection(AccessibilityNodeInfo root,
             String text)  throws Exception {
         AccessibilityNodeInfo result;
         final int childCount = root.getChildCount();
         for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
             AccessibilityNodeInfo child = root.getChild(i);
             if (child == null) {
                 continue;
             }
             if (child.getCollectionInfo() != null) {
                 scrollTop(child);
                 result = getNodeTimed(() -> findByText(child, text));
                 if (result != null) {
                     return result;
                 }
                 while (child.getActionList().contains(AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SCROLL_FORWARD)) {
                     scrollForward(child);
                     result = getNodeTimed(() -> findByText(child, text));
                     if (result != null) {
                         return result;
                     }
                 }
             } else {
                 result = findByTextInCollection(child, text);
                 if (result != null) {
                     return result;
                 }
             }
         }
         return null;
     }

     private static void scrollTop(AccessibilityNodeInfo node) throws Exception {
         try {
             while (node.getActionList().contains(AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SCROLL_BACKWARD)) {
                 scroll(node, false);
             }
         } catch (TimeoutException e) {
             /* ignore */
         }
     }

     private static void scrollForward(AccessibilityNodeInfo node) throws Exception {
         try {
             scroll(node, true);
         } catch (TimeoutException e) {
             /* ignore */
         }
     }

     private static void scroll(AccessibilityNodeInfo node, boolean forward) throws Exception {
         getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation().executeAndWaitForEvent(
                 () -> node.performAction(forward
                         ? AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_SCROLL_FORWARD
                         : AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_SCROLL_BACKWARD),
                 (AccessibilityEvent event) -> event.getEventType()
                         == AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_SCROLLED,
                 GLOBAL_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
         waitForIdle();
     }


     private static void click(AccessibilityNodeInfo node) throws Exception {
         getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation().executeAndWaitForEvent(
                 () -> node.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK),
                 (AccessibilityEvent event) -> event.getEventType()
                         == AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED,
                 GLOBAL_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
     }

     private static AccessibilityNodeInfo findCollectionItem(AccessibilityNodeInfo current)
             throws Exception {
         AccessibilityNodeInfo result = current;
         while (result != null) {
             if (result.getCollectionItemInfo() != null) {
                 return result;
             }
             result = result.getParent();
         }
         return null;
     }

     private static AccessibilityNodeInfo findSwitch(AccessibilityNodeInfo root) throws Exception {
         if (Switch.class.getName().equals(root.getClassName().toString())) {
             return root;
         }
         final int childCount = root.getChildCount();
         for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
             AccessibilityNodeInfo child = root.getChild(i);
             if (child == null) {
                 continue;
             }
             if (Switch.class.getName().equals(child.getClassName().toString())) {
                 return child;
             }
             AccessibilityNodeInfo result = findSwitch(child);
             if (result != null) {
                 return result;
             }
         }
         return null;
     }

     private static AccessibilityNodeInfo getNodeTimed(
             Callable<AccessibilityNodeInfo> callable) throws Exception {
         final long startTimeMillis = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
         while (true) {
             try {
                 AccessibilityNodeInfo node = callable.call();

                 if (node != null) {
                     return node;
                 }
             } catch (NullPointerException e) {
                 Log.e(LOG_TAG, "NPE while finding AccessibilityNodeInfo", e);
             }

             final long elapsedTimeMillis = SystemClock.uptimeMillis() - startTimeMillis;
             if (elapsedTimeMillis > RETRY_TIMEOUT) {
                 return null;
             }
             SystemClock.sleep(2 * elapsedTimeMillis);
         }
     }

     private static void waitForIdle() throws TimeoutException {
         getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation().waitForIdle(IDLE_TIMEOUT_MILLIS,
                 GLOBAL_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
     }
  }
	/*
	* Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
	*
	* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
	* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
	* You may obtain a copy of the License at
	*
	* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
	*
	* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
	* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
	* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
	* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
	* limitations under the License.
	*/

	package com.android.cts.usepermission;

	import static junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals;
	import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
	import static org.junit.Assert.fail;

	import android.Manifest;
	import android.app.Activity;
	import android.app.Instrumentation;
	import android.content.Context;
	import android.content.Intent;
	import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
	import android.content.res.Resources;
	import android.net.Uri;
	import android.os.Bundle;
	import android.os.SystemClock;
	import android.provider.Settings;
	import android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
	import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
	import android.support.test.uiautomator.By;
	import android.view.accessibility.AccessibilityNodeInfo.AccessibilityAction;
	import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiDevice;
	import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiObject;
	import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiObject2;
	import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiSelector;
	import android.util.ArrayMap;
	import android.util.Log;
	import android.view.accessibility.AccessibilityEvent;
	import android.view.accessibility.AccessibilityNodeInfo;
	import android.widget.Switch;
	import junit.framework.Assert;
	import org.junit.Before;
	import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

	import java.util.List;
	import java.util.Map;
	import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
	import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

	@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
	public abstract class BasePermissionsTest {
	private static final String PLATFORM_PACKAGE_NAME = "android";

	private static final long IDLE_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = 500;
	private static final long GLOBAL_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = 5000;

	private static final long RETRY_TIMEOUT = 5000;
	private static final String LOG_TAG = "BasePermissionsTest";

	private static Map<String, String> sPermissionToLabelResNameMap = new ArrayMap<>();
	static {
	// Contacts
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_contacts");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_contacts");
	// Calendar
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.READ_CALENDAR,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_calendar");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_calendar");
	// SMS
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_sms");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_sms");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.READ_SMS,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_sms");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_sms");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_MMS,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_sms");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put("android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS",
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_sms");
	// Storage
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_storage");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_storage");
	// Location
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_location");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_location");
	// Phone
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put("android.permission.ACCESS_IMS_CALL_SERVICE",
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.READ_CALL_LOG,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.USE_SIP,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_phone");
	// Microphone
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_microphone");
	// Camera
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.CAMERA,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_camera");
	// Body sensors
	sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.put(Manifest.permission.BODY_SENSORS,
	"@android:string/permgrouplab_sensors");
	}

	private Context mContext;
	private Resources mPlatformResources;

	protected static Instrumentation getInstrumentation() {
	return InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation();
	}

	protected static void assertPermissionRequestResult(BasePermissionActivity.Result result,
	int requestCode, String[] permissions, boolean[] granted) {
	assertEquals(requestCode, result.requestCode);
	for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++) {
	assertEquals(permissions[i], result.permissions[i]);
	assertEquals(granted[i] ? PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
	: PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED, result.grantResults[i]);

	}
	}

	protected static UiDevice getUiDevice() {
	return UiDevice.getInstance(getInstrumentation());
	}

	protected static Activity launchActivity(String packageName,
	Class<?> clazz, Bundle extras) {
	Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);
	intent.setClassName(packageName, clazz.getName());
	intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
	if (extras != null) {
	intent.putExtras(extras);
	}
	Activity activity = getInstrumentation().startActivitySync(intent);
	getInstrumentation().waitForIdleSync();

	return activity;
	}

	@Before
	public void beforeTest() {
	mContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext();
	try {
	Context platformContext = mContext.createPackageContext(PLATFORM_PACKAGE_NAME, 0);
	mPlatformResources = platformContext.getResources();
	} catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
	/* cannot happen */
	}

	UiObject2 button = getUiDevice().findObject(By.text("Close"));
	if (button != null) {
	button.click();
	}
	}

	protected BasePermissionActivity.Result requestPermissions(
	String[] permissions, int requestCode, Class<?> clazz, Runnable postRequestAction)
	throws Exception {
	// Start an activity
	BasePermissionActivity activity = (BasePermissionActivity) launchActivity(
	getInstrumentation().getTargetContext().getPackageName(), clazz, null);

	activity.waitForOnCreate();

	// Request the permissions
	activity.requestPermissions(permissions, requestCode);

	// Define a more conservative idle criteria
	getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation().waitForIdle(
	IDLE_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, GLOBAL_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);

	// Perform the post-request action
	if (postRequestAction != null) {
	postRequestAction.run();
	}

	BasePermissionActivity.Result result = activity.getResult();
	activity.finish();
	return result;
	}

	protected void clickAllowButton() throws Exception {
	getUiDevice().findObject(new UiSelector().resourceId(
	"com.android.packageinstaller:id/permission_allow_button")).click();
	}

	protected void clickDenyButton() throws Exception {
	getUiDevice().findObject(new UiSelector().resourceId(
	"com.android.packageinstaller:id/permission_deny_button")).click();
	}

	protected void clickDontAskAgainCheckbox() throws Exception {
	getUiDevice().findObject(new UiSelector().resourceId(
	"com.android.packageinstaller:id/do_not_ask_checkbox")).click();
	}

	protected void clickDontAskAgainButton() throws Exception {
	getUiDevice().findObject(new UiSelector().resourceId(
	"com.android.packageinstaller:id/permission_deny_dont_ask_again_button")).click();
	}

	protected void grantPermission(String permission) throws Exception {
	grantPermissions(new String[]{permission});
	}

	protected void grantPermissions(String[] permissions) throws Exception {
	setPermissionGrantState(permissions, true, false);
	}

	protected void revokePermission(String permission) throws Exception {
	revokePermissions(new String[] {permission}, false);
	}

	protected void revokePermissions(String[] permissions, boolean legacyApp) throws Exception {
	setPermissionGrantState(permissions, false, legacyApp);
	}

	private void setPermissionGrantState(String[] permissions, boolean granted,
	boolean legacyApp) throws Exception {
	getUiDevice().pressBack();
	waitForIdle();
	getUiDevice().pressBack();
	waitForIdle();

	// Open the app details settings
	Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
	intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_DEFAULT);
	intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + mContext.getPackageName()));
	startActivity(intent);

	waitForIdle();

	// Open the permissions UI
	AccessibilityNodeInfo permLabelView = getNodeTimed(() -> findByText("Permissions"));
	Assert.assertNotNull("Permissions label should be present", permLabelView);

	AccessibilityNodeInfo permItemView = findCollectionItem(permLabelView);
	Assert.assertNotNull("Permissions item should be present", permLabelView);

	click(permItemView);

	waitForIdle();

	for (String permission : permissions) {
	// Find the permission toggle
	String permissionLabel = getPermissionLabel(permission);

	AccessibilityNodeInfo labelView = getNodeTimed(() -> findByText(permissionLabel));
	Assert.assertNotNull("Permission label should be present", labelView);

	AccessibilityNodeInfo itemView = findCollectionItem(labelView);
	Assert.assertNotNull("Permission item should be present", itemView);

	final AccessibilityNodeInfo toggleView = findSwitch(itemView);
	Assert.assertNotNull("Permission toggle should be present", toggleView);

	final boolean wasGranted = toggleView.isChecked();
	if (granted != wasGranted) {
	// Toggle the permission

	if (!itemView.getActionList().contains(AccessibilityAction.ACTION_CLICK)) {
	click(toggleView);
	} else {
	click(itemView);
	}

	waitForIdle();

	if (wasGranted && legacyApp) {
	String packageName = getInstrumentation().getContext().getPackageManager()
	.getPermissionControllerPackageName();
	String resIdName = "com.android.packageinstaller"
	+ ":string/grant_dialog_button_deny_anyway";
	Resources resources = getInstrumentation().getContext()
	.createPackageContext(packageName, 0).getResources();
	final int confirmResId = resources.getIdentifier(resIdName, null, null);
	String confirmTitle = resources.getString(confirmResId);
	UiObject denyAnyway = getUiDevice().findObject(new UiSelector()
	.text(confirmTitle.toUpperCase()));
	denyAnyway.click();

	waitForIdle();
	}
	}
	}

	getUiDevice().pressBack();
	waitForIdle();
	getUiDevice().pressBack();
	waitForIdle();
	}

	private String getPermissionLabel(String permission) throws Exception {
	String labelResName = sPermissionToLabelResNameMap.get(permission);
	assertNotNull("Unknown permisison " + permission, labelResName);
	final int resourceId = mPlatformResources.getIdentifier(labelResName, null, null);
	return mPlatformResources.getString(resourceId);
	}

	private void startActivity(final Intent intent) throws Exception {
	getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation().executeAndWaitForEvent(
	() -> {
	try {
	getInstrumentation().getContext().startActivity(intent);
	} catch (Exception e) {
	fail("Cannot start activity: " + intent);
	}
	}, (AccessibilityEvent event) -> event.getEventType()
	== AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_STATE_CHANGED
	, GLOBAL_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
	}

	private AccessibilityNodeInfo findByText(String text) throws Exception {
	AccessibilityNodeInfo root = getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation().getRootInActiveWindow();
	AccessibilityNodeInfo result = findByText(root, text);
	if (result != null) {
	return result;
	}
	return findByTextInCollection(root, text);
	}

	private static AccessibilityNodeInfo findByText(AccessibilityNodeInfo root, String text) {
	List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> nodes = root.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText(text);
	for (AccessibilityNodeInfo node : nodes) {
	if (node.getText().toString().equals(text)) {
	return node;
	}
	}
	return null;
	}

	private static AccessibilityNodeInfo findByTextInCollection(AccessibilityNodeInfo root,
	String text) throws Exception {
	AccessibilityNodeInfo result;
	final int childCount = root.getChildCount();
	for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
	AccessibilityNodeInfo child = root.getChild(i);
	if (child == null) {
	continue;
	}
	if (child.getCollectionInfo() != null) {
	scrollTop(child);
	result = getNodeTimed(() -> findByText(child, text));
	if (result != null) {
	return result;
	}
	while (child.getActionList().contains(AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SCROLL_FORWARD)) {
	scrollForward(child);
	result = getNodeTimed(() -> findByText(child, text));
	if (result != null) {
	return result;
	}
	}
	} else {
	result = findByTextInCollection(child, text);
	if (result != null) {
	return result;
	}
	}
	}
	return null;
	}

	private static void scrollTop(AccessibilityNodeInfo node) throws Exception {
	try {
	while (node.getActionList().contains(AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SCROLL_BACKWARD)) {
	scroll(node, false);
	}
	} catch (TimeoutException e) {
	/* ignore */
	}
	}

	private static void scrollForward(AccessibilityNodeInfo node) throws Exception {
	try {
	scroll(node, true);
	} catch (TimeoutException e) {
	/* ignore */
	}
	}

	private static void scroll(AccessibilityNodeInfo node, boolean forward) throws Exception {
	getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation().executeAndWaitForEvent(
	() -> node.performAction(forward
	? AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_SCROLL_FORWARD
	: AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_SCROLL_BACKWARD),
	(AccessibilityEvent event) -> event.getEventType()
	== AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_SCROLLED,
	GLOBAL_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
	waitForIdle();
	}


	private static void click(AccessibilityNodeInfo node) throws Exception {
	getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation().executeAndWaitForEvent(
	() -> node.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK),
	(AccessibilityEvent event) -> event.getEventType()
	== AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED,
	GLOBAL_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
	}

	private static AccessibilityNodeInfo findCollectionItem(AccessibilityNodeInfo current)
	throws Exception {
	AccessibilityNodeInfo result = current;
	while (result != null) {
	if (result.getCollectionItemInfo() != null) {
	return result;
	}
	result = result.getParent();
	}
	return null;
	}

	private static AccessibilityNodeInfo findSwitch(AccessibilityNodeInfo root) throws Exception {
	if (Switch.class.getName().equals(root.getClassName().toString())) {
	return root;
	}
	final int childCount = root.getChildCount();
	for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
	AccessibilityNodeInfo child = root.getChild(i);
	if (child == null) {
	continue;
	}
	if (Switch.class.getName().equals(child.getClassName().toString())) {
	return child;
	}
	AccessibilityNodeInfo result = findSwitch(child);
	if (result != null) {
	return result;
	}
	}
	return null;
	}

	private static AccessibilityNodeInfo getNodeTimed(
	Callable<AccessibilityNodeInfo> callable) throws Exception {
	final long startTimeMillis = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
	while (true) {
	try {
	AccessibilityNodeInfo node = callable.call();

	if (node != null) {
	return node;
	}
	} catch (NullPointerException e) {
	Log.e(LOG_TAG, "NPE while finding AccessibilityNodeInfo", e);
	}

	final long elapsedTimeMillis = SystemClock.uptimeMillis() - startTimeMillis;
	if (elapsedTimeMillis > RETRY_TIMEOUT) {
	return null;
	}
	SystemClock.sleep(2 * elapsedTimeMillis);
	}
	}

	private static void waitForIdle() throws TimeoutException {
	getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation().waitForIdle(IDLE_TIMEOUT_MILLIS,
	GLOBAL_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
	}
	}