verifier: Speed up `RegType::AssignableFrom()`.

Rewrite the assignability check using a pre-calculated table
based on `RegType::Kind`. This is sufficient for most cases
but we need additional information for some reference cases.

Test: m test-art-host-gtest
Test: testrunner.py --host --optimizing
Bug: 181943478
Bug: 270660613
Change-Id: I379d051160c8b0e6d8120e62e4ebff7d525f1246